CN102191406B - Bismuth-titanium-iron alloy and application thereof - Google Patents
Bismuth-titanium-iron alloy and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102191406B CN102191406B CN 201110113452 CN201110113452A CN102191406B CN 102191406 B CN102191406 B CN 102191406B CN 201110113452 CN201110113452 CN 201110113452 CN 201110113452 A CN201110113452 A CN 201110113452A CN 102191406 B CN102191406 B CN 102191406B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a bismuth-titanium-iron alloy, belonging to the technical field of the preparation of free cutting alloy steel. The bismuth-titanium-iron alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15-68wt% of Bi, 15-68wt% of Ti, not higher than 0.8wt% of inevitable impurities and 5-70wt% of Fe. The invention has the characteristics of feasible alloying treatment, high Bi yield and the like, and is suitable for an additive for the alloying treatment of free cutting steel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bismuth ferro-titanium, be specifically related to a kind of bismuth ferro-titanium for the free-machining alloy steel Alloying Treatment, belong to alloy (C22C alloy) production technology.
Background technology
Bismuth metal (Bi) outward appearance is silvery white in color, and strong metalluster is arranged, and is fragility, and crystalline structure is rhombic system; Because bismuth metal is nontoxic, and have low melting point and the high-flexibility close with metallic lead, therefore extensive as plumbous substitute at industrial quilt, bismuth is added in the alloy of cast iron, steel and aluminium, can improve its cutting ability, the bismuth-containing free-machining alloy steel is because its environment amenable characteristic, become modern manufacturing industry in the urgent need to a kind of industrial raw materials.
But, the fusing point of bismuth low (271.3 ℃) is given the Alloying Treatment of bismuth free-machining alloy steel and the production of steel alloy, has caused very large difficulty, therefore, because oxidization burning loss and the evaporation of bismuth, adopting bismuth metal is fully infeasible as the Alloying Treatment additive of described steel alloy; The bismuth manganese alloy can be used as the additive of free-machining alloy steel Alloying Treatment, but because the fusing point lower (1244 ℃) of manganese, and the fusing point of bismuth manganese alloy lower (446 ℃), therefore, with its additive as the free-machining alloy steel Alloying Treatment, the scaling loss of bismuth element was still very large when the bismuth manganese alloy was added free-machining alloy steel, still was difficult to realize its industrial application; And the Chinese patent result for retrieval shows, Alloying Treatment is feasible, the additive bismuth alloy that is used for the free-machining alloy steel Alloying Treatment that recovery rate is high, except bismuth manganese iron alloy, there is not yet other report, and the fusing point of bismuth ferromanganese still not high (press patent report, its fusing point is about 1000 ℃).
For this reason, provide a kind of Alloying Treatment feasible, the additive of the described free-machining alloy steel bismuth alloy processing that recovery rate is high and stable just becomes the most important thing of Metallurgical Industry.
Summary of the invention
It is feasible that the present invention aims to provide a kind of Alloying Treatment, and the bismuth ferro-titanium that recovery rate is high satisfies free-cutting steel and smelts the demand of producing.
The present invention realizes that the technical scheme of its purpose is:
A kind of bismuth ferro-titanium is characterized in that, the component of described bismuth ferro-titanium by weight percentage composition calculating is respectively: bismuth: 15% ~ 68%; Titanium: 15% ~ 68%; Carbon :≤1%; Inevitable impurity :≤0.8%;
Iron: 5 ~ 70%.
A kind of typical technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of bismuth ferro-titanium, the weight percentage of each component are (%): bismuth: 45 ~ 55; Titanium: 20 ~ 35;
Carbon :≤1; Inevitable impurity :≤0.8; Iron: 20 ~ 35.
It is block that bismuth ferro-titanium of the present invention is, and its lumpiness is in 10 ~ 60mm scope; Perhaps in pelletized form, its particle diameter is in 0.5～10mm scope.
Inevitable impurity of the present invention, refer in the preparation process of bismuth ferro-titanium metallic element and the non-metallic element that can not thoroughly remove, inevitable impurity of the present invention, mainly refer to sulphur, phosphorus, manganese and silicon, wherein the weight percentage of sulphur and phosphorus all≤0.1%.
After technique scheme is implemented, because the heavy percentage composition of bismuth of the present invention reaches as high as 68%, and described fusing point of the present invention higher (more than 1300 ℃), and the proportion of iron is worked as or be slightly larger than to its proportion and iron phase, thereby to adopt bismuth ferro-titanium of the present invention to carry out the stokehold Alloying Treatment be feasible, the adding of alloy and mix all very convenient because the fusing point of bismuth ferro-titanium is higher, therefore the recovery rate of bismuth is very high, thereby has realized the final purpose of this aspect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cutting experiment curve that uses behind the bismuth ferro-titanium Alloying Treatment Q235 steel of five kinds of different bi contents.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: a kind of bismuth ferro-titanium, and the weight percentage of its component and each component is (%): bismuth 15, titanium 64, carbon≤1, the summation of inevitable sulfur impurity, phosphorus, manganese and silicon≤0.8, surplus is iron; It is block that its product is, and lumpiness is 45mm.
Embodiment 2: a kind of bismuth ferro-titanium, and the weight percentage of its component and each component is (%): bismuth 47, titanium 32, carbon≤1, the summation of inevitable sulfur impurity, phosphorus, manganese and silicon≤0.8, surplus is iron; Its product in pelletized form, particle diameter is in 0.5 ~ 10mm scope.
Embodiment 3: a kind of bismuth ferro-titanium, and the weight percentage of its component and each component is (%): bismuth 51, titanium 28, carbon≤1, the summation of inevitable sulfur impurity, phosphorus, manganese and silicon≤0.8, surplus is iron; It is block that its product is, and lumpiness is 25mm.
Embodiment 4: a kind of bismuth ferro-titanium, and the weight percentage of its component and each component is (%): bismuth 55, titanium 24, carbon≤1, the summation of inevitable sulfur impurity, phosphorus, manganese and silicon≤0.8, surplus is iron; Its product in pelletized form, particle diameter is in 0.5～10mm scope.
Embodiment 5: a kind of bismuth ferro-titanium, and the weight percentage of its component and each component is (%): bismuth 68, titanium 11, carbon≤1, the summation of inevitable sulfur impurity, phosphorus, manganese and silicon≤0.8, surplus is iron; It is block that its product is, and lumpiness is 60mm.
Because bismuth ferro-titanium of the present invention mainly is comprised of compound between various friable metals, can be prepared into easily little lumpiness or be prepared into required granular alloy product.
Preparation method's of the present invention concise and to the point description is:
Adopt a step remelting process to implement the present invention, namely adopt fusion casting directly to prepare bismuth ferrotianium master alloy, preparation method of the present invention is: with bismuth metal, titanium sponge, the pig iron and steel scrap are pressed proportion ingredient, in order effectively to reduce the scaling loss of bismuth metal, in advance molten pig iron and steel scrap, again titanium sponge is added and stir, so that titanium fully is dissolved in the iron liquid, in this process, continuous adding along with titanium, alloy liquid carries out heat temperature raising, until titanium sponge dissolves fully and evenly mix after be pressed into bismuth metal in the molten metal with bell jar again and stir, so that bismuth fully is dissolved in the ferrotianium liquid, after dissolving evenly fully, bismuth metal as early as possible aluminium alloy is poured into fast cooling in the ingot mould, namely make bismuth ferro-titanium ingot of the present invention.
First sample of the present invention is done result's demonstration of stokehold Alloying Treatment, and its adding method is simple and feasible; The recovery rate of Alloying Treatment bismuth can reach more than 96%.
Embodiment 6: because the Q235 composition of steel near the free-cutting steel of bismuth-containing titanium, therefore selects the Q235 steel as the Alloying Treatment object.The Q235 steel is carried out melting in vacuum induction furnace, melt rear adding bismuth ferro-titanium 1 of the present invention fully and kept 5 minutes until it, this alloying constituent is (%): bismuth 15, titanium 64, carbon≤1, the summation of inevitable sulfur impurity, phosphorus, manganese and silicon≤0.8, surplus is iron; It is block that its product is, lumpiness is 45mm, alloy addition calculates according to this formula: this element recovery rate 97% in this constituent content 15% * alloy in alloy addition 5.842g=steel quality 500g * (this constituent content 0 in the object element Bi content 0.17%-steel)/alloy, the control molten steel temperature is poured into a mould at 1600 ℃, is cast for the pole sample.The sample that cast is good carries out conventional thermal treatment, carries out subsequently the experiment of cutting experiment and mechanical property.
Embodiment 7: the Q235 steel is carried out melting in vacuum induction furnace, melt rear adding bismuth ferro-titanium 2 of the present invention fully and kept 5 minutes until it, this alloying constituent is (%): bismuth 47, titanium 32, carbon≤1, the summation of inevitable sulfur impurity, phosphorus, manganese and silicon≤0.8, surplus is iron; Its product in pelletized form, particle diameter is in 0.5 ~ 10mm scope, alloy addition calculates according to this formula: this element recovery rate 96% in this constituent content 47% * alloy in alloy addition 1.884g=steel quality 500g * (this constituent content 0 in the object element Bi content 0.17%-steel)/alloy, the control molten steel temperature is poured into a mould at 1600 ℃, be cast for the pole sample, the sample that cast is good carries out conventional thermal treatment, carries out subsequently the experiment of cutting experiment and mechanical property.
Embodiment 8: the Q235 steel is carried out melting in vacuum induction furnace, melt rear adding bismuth ferro-titanium 3 of the present invention fully and kept 5 minutes until it, this alloying constituent is (%): bismuth 51, titanium 28, carbon≤1, the summation of inevitable sulfur impurity, phosphorus, manganese and silicon≤0.8, surplus is iron; It is block that its product is, and lumpiness is 25mm.Alloy addition calculates according to this formula: this element recovery rate 96% in this constituent content 51% * alloy in alloy addition 1.736g=steel quality 500g * (this constituent content 0 in the object element Bi content 0.17%-steel)/alloy, the control molten steel temperature is poured into a mould at 1600 ℃, be cast for the pole sample, the sample that cast is good carries out conventional thermal treatment, carries out subsequently the experiment of cutting experiment and mechanical property.
Embodiment 9: the Q235 steel is carried out melting in vacuum induction furnace, melt rear adding bismuth ferro-titanium 4 of the present invention fully and kept 5 minutes until it, this alloying constituent is (%): bismuth 55, titanium 24, carbon≤1, the summation of inevitable sulfur impurity, phosphorus, manganese and silicon≤0.8, surplus is iron; Its product in pelletized form, particle diameter is in 0.5 ~ 10mm scope, alloy addition calculates according to this formula: this element recovery rate 96% in this constituent content 55% * alloy in alloy addition 1.610g=steel quality 500g * (this constituent content 0 in the object element Bi content 0.17%-steel)/alloy, the control molten steel temperature is poured into a mould at 1600 ℃, is cast for the pole sample.The sample that cast is good carries out conventional thermal treatment, carries out subsequently the experiment of cutting experiment and mechanical property.
Embodiment 10: the Q235 steel is carried out melting in vacuum induction furnace, melt rear adding bismuth ferro-titanium 5 of the present invention fully and kept 5 minutes until it, this alloying constituent is (%): bismuth 68, titanium 11, carbon≤1, the summation of inevitable sulfur impurity, phosphorus, manganese and silicon≤0.8, surplus is iron; It is block that its product is, lumpiness is 60mm, alloy addition calculates according to this formula: this element recovery rate 96% in this constituent content 68% * alloy in alloy addition 1.302g=steel quality 500g * (this constituent content 0 in the object element Bi content 0.17%-steel)/alloy, the control molten steel temperature is poured into a mould at 1600 ℃, be cast for the pole sample, the sample that cast is good carries out conventional thermal treatment, carries out subsequently the experiment of cutting experiment and mechanical property.
The free cutting property of steel is mainly evaluated indirectly by the cutter life of Cutting Steel.The cutting experiment result that Fig. 1 is given, A, B, C, D, the E cutting curve of the bismuth titanium free-cutting steel that obtains of corresponding case study on implementation 6,7,8,9,10 respectively wherein, cutting curve in conjunction with the close 12L14 free-cutting steel of published cutting ability, draw: after the bismuth ferro-titanium of five kinds of different bi contents of use was processed the Q235 steel alloying, the bismuth titanium free-cutting steel of acquisition reached the cutting ability requirement of free-cutting steel.
Following table is the mechanical property table of the bismuth titanium free-cutting steel that obtains behind the bismuth ferro-titanium Alloying Treatment Q235 steel of the present invention:
Claims (5)
1. bismuth ferro-titanium is characterized in that: the component of described bismuth ferro-titanium by weight percentage composition is calculated and is respectively: bismuth: 15% ~ 68%; Titanium: 15% ~ 68%; Carbon :≤1%; Inevitable impurity :≤0.8%;
Iron: 5 ~ 70%; The preparation method of described bismuth ferro-titanium, be specially: with bismuth metal, titanium sponge, the pig iron and steel scrap are pressed proportion ingredient, in advance molten pig iron and steel scrap, again titanium sponge is added and stir, so that titanium fully is dissolved in the iron liquid, in this process, continuous adding along with titanium, alloy liquid carries out heat temperature raising, until titanium sponge dissolves fully and evenly mix after be pressed into bismuth metal in the molten metal with bell jar again and stir, so that bismuth fully is dissolved in the ferrotianium liquid, after bismuth metal dissolves evenly fully, aluminium alloy is poured into fast cooling in the ingot mould, namely make bismuth ferro-titanium ingot.
2. a kind of bismuth ferro-titanium as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the weight percentage of each component is (%): bismuth: 45 ~ 55; Titanium: 20 ~ 35; Carbon :≤1; Inevitable impurity :≤0.8; Iron: 20 ~ 35.
3. a kind of bismuth ferro-titanium as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described bismuth ferro-titanium is block, and its lumpiness is in 10 ~ 60mm scope; Perhaps in pelletized form, its particle diameter is in 0.5～10mm scope.
4. a kind of bismuth ferro-titanium as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described inevitable impurity, mainly refer to sulphur, phosphorus, manganese and silicon, and wherein the weight percentage of sulphur and phosphorus is all≤0.1%.
5. the purposes of a kind of bismuth ferro-titanium as claimed in claim 1 in the free-machining alloy steel Alloying Treatment.
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| CN102925749B (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2016-05-04 | 常州大学 | A kind of bismuth ferrozirconium and preparation method thereof for environment protection type high-strength automatic steel |
| CN105838969B (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2017-12-15 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | The method that remelting process produces ferrotianium |
| CN113528889B (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2022-01-18 | 安徽工业大学 | Bismuth-titanium-manganese-selenium alloy for environment-friendly bismuth-containing free-cutting steel and preparation method thereof |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4244737A (en) * | 1979-08-29 | 1981-01-13 | Inland Steel Company | Method and alloy for introducing machinability increasing ingredients to steel |
| US4279650A (en) * | 1980-03-17 | 1981-07-21 | Reactive Metals & Alloys Corporation | Titanium bearing addition alloys |
| CN101003872A (en) * | 2007-01-25 | 2007-07-25 | 梅才平 | Ferrotitanium with low carbon, low silicon, and preparation technique |
| CN101487095A (en) * | 2009-02-24 | 2009-07-22 | 常州武帆合金有限公司 | Bismuth manganese iron alloy |
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2011
- 2011-05-04 CN CN 201110113452 patent/CN102191406B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4244737A (en) * | 1979-08-29 | 1981-01-13 | Inland Steel Company | Method and alloy for introducing machinability increasing ingredients to steel |
| US4279650A (en) * | 1980-03-17 | 1981-07-21 | Reactive Metals & Alloys Corporation | Titanium bearing addition alloys |
| CN101003872A (en) * | 2007-01-25 | 2007-07-25 | 梅才平 | Ferrotitanium with low carbon, low silicon, and preparation technique |
| CN101487095A (en) * | 2009-02-24 | 2009-07-22 | 常州武帆合金有限公司 | Bismuth manganese iron alloy |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Elena Konstantinovna Molchanova.Phase diagrams of titanium alloys.《Phase diagrams of titanium alloys》.1965,第75-76页. * |
| 朱燕萍 等.铋基中间合金显微组织研究.《材料开发与应用》.1995,第10卷(第6期),第14-19页. * |
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