CN102190409A - Garbage leachate treatment system - Google Patents
Garbage leachate treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102190409A CN102190409A CN201110097708XA CN201110097708A CN102190409A CN 102190409 A CN102190409 A CN 102190409A CN 201110097708X A CN201110097708X A CN 201110097708XA CN 201110097708 A CN201110097708 A CN 201110097708A CN 102190409 A CN102190409 A CN 102190409A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
The invention relates to a garbage leachate treatment system. The system comprises an adjusting tank for leachate, a biochemical treatment system for the leachate treated by the adjusting tank, a membrane treatment system for the leachate treated by the biochemical treatment system, and an evaporation crystallization system for performing evaporation crystallization on concentrated solution of the membrane treatment system. The concentrated solution of the membrane treatment system is subjected to evaporation crystallization by the evaporation crystallization system, and treated effluent and crystal salt can be recycled, so that the problem of secondary pollution caused by the concentrated solution of the membrane treatment system is radically solved; nanofiltration concentrated solution of a nanofiltration system is further sprayed to a hearth of an incinerator through a spraying system to be incinerated, so that the problem of secondary pollution caused by the nanofiltration concentrated solution is radically solved; meanwhile, reverse osmosis concentrated solution is treated by an evaporation crystallization method, and treated effluent and crystal salt can be recycled, so that the problem of secondary pollution caused by the reverse osmosis concentrated solution is radically solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rubbish leaching vat treatment system, more particularly, relate to a kind of rubbish leaching vat treatment system that can be used for occasions such as garbage burning factory or garbage incinerating power plant.
Background technology
Since the reform and opening-up, along with developing rapidly of growth in the living standard, modern city, the pollution problem of domestic refuse is outstanding day by day.Life refuse processing method mainly contains burning, compost, mechanical treatment and landfill yard etc.Traditional domestic waste landfill disposal is subjected to increasing restriction, the fundamental principle of, minimizing innoxious and resource utilization according to garbage treatment, domestic garbage burning electricity generation has become a new direction that solves the domestic waste outlet in recent years, and the construction of garbage burning factory in development in recent years rapidly.Rubbish is being deposited, in the transfer, transportation, stacking process, owing to reasons such as anaerobically fermenting, organism decomposition, rainwater drip washing produce multiple metabolic substd and moisture, is being formed very complicated high concentrated organic wastewater---the rubbish leaching vat of composition.Undressed leaching vat is contaminated soil and surface water not only, and by the groundwater flow polluted source, to people's health and the nonvolatil threat of environment structure.Therefore, the pollution control of rubbish leaching vat is become the important composition content of waste incineration harmless treatment.
The generation and the water concentration of rubbish leaching vat are bigger with seasonal variation.The leaching vat complicated component there are some researches show, organic pollutant has 34 kinds in the rubbish leaching vat.Wherein, 6 kinds in alkane alkene, 19 kinds of carboxylic-acids, 5 kinds of ester classes, 10 kinds of alcohol, phenols, 10 kinds of aldehyde, ketones, 7 kinds of amidess, a kind of aromatic hydrocarbons, other 5 kinds.Wherein be confirmed to be a kind of carcinogens, 4 kinds of short cancer thing, epicarcinogens, a kind of mutagen is put into have 6 kinds of China's environment priority pollutant " Black List ".Leaching vat is compared with general municipal effluent, and principal feature is as follows:
1) the pollutent composition is complicated and changeable, change of water quality is big
The incineration plant leaching vat compares comparatively fresh, wherein contained organism mostly is the fulvinic acid class material of humic family macromolecule carbohydrate and intermediate molecular weight greatly, and include as hardly degraded organic substances such as heterocyclic arene compound, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, phenol, alcohol compound, amino benzenes compounds such as benzene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, thereby its water quality is quite complicated, pollutant kind is many, and there is the complicacy of short-term fluctuation and secular variation in concentration.
2) organic contamination substrate concentration height (COD concentration height)
The leaching vat COD concentration of incineration plant generally about 40000-80000mg/l, adopts traditional biochemical processing process, is difficult to it is handled the emission standard that requires.
3) ammonia nitrogen concentration height
The leaching vat ammonia nitrogen concentration of incineration plant is higher, generally about 1000-2500mg/l, requires treatment process to possess higher denitrogenation ability.
4) salt content height
Owing to contain more salt in the rubbish, cause the salt content in the leaching vat higher, the specific conductivity of leaching vat is up to 30000-40000us/cm.
5) the incineration plant leaching vat is acid--and-pH value is lower
The incineration plant leaching vat contains lot of organic acids, and the pH value is lower, generally about 4-6.
6) fluctuation of the incineration plant leaching vat water yield is bigger
Be subjected to factor affecting such as refuse collection, weather, seasonal variation, the fluctuation of the leachate of garbage burning factory water yield is bigger, and particularly seasonal variation is bigger to leaching vat water yield variable effect, and generally summer, leaching vat output was bigger, and winter is less relatively.
7) nutritive props imbalance
Nutritive proportion imbalance in the garbage incinerating power plant leaching vat is mainly reflected in relative COD, BOD index for biological treatment, and phosphorus content is on the low side, and ammonia-nitrogen content is higher.Numerous researchs and case history show that the nutritive props imbalance is to cause the reluctant major reason of leaching vat in the rubbish leaching vat.
8) has stench
The incineration plant leaching vat gives out multiple stench gas, requires the supporting deodorizing measure of treatment system, and the control stench pollutes atmospheric environment.
The most widely used leaching vat treatment process of present domestic garbage burning factory is " biochemistry+film " treatment process technology.By the kind difference that the film biochemical reactor is chosen, " biochemistry+film " treatment process technology can be subdivided into " equalizing tank+pre-treatment+anaerobism+SMSBR+NF (nanofiltration) or RO (reverse osmosis) " and " equalizing tank+anaerobism+MBR+NF(nanofiltration) or RO(reverse osmosis) " two kinds again.Both main difference is MBR and the SMSBR system after the anaerobism.In " film+biochemistry " treatment process, in case NF(or RO) system puts into operation, promptly has the membrane concentration liquid about 30% to produce.Because characteristics such as the high organic concentration of membrane concentration liquid, high content of salt, fouling tendency are strong, pollutant component complexity make that the difficulty that this concentrated solution is handled is quite big, also do not have a kind of ripe treatment process of economical rationality both at home and abroad.At present, adopt the NF (nanofiltration) or RO (reverse osmosis) advanced treatment apparatus of " biochemistry+film " treatment process not to put into operation continuously, most of the time is that MBR water outlet or NF water outlet are directly discharged, effluent index can only meet " integrated wastewater discharge standard " three grades of emission requests in (GB8978-1996), but because saltiness height (more than 10000mg/l) can not satisfy " sewage enters cities and towns water drain water quality standard " requirement (CJ343-2010).Even adopted NF or RO to handle, the concentrated solution more than 30% of its generation does not have suitable ultimate disposal measure.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, at prior art rubbish leaching liquid film is handled the back and concentrates the defective that also can't handle, and a kind of rubbish leaching vat treatment system that can effectively handle the concentrated solution of film processing system is provided.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: construct a kind of rubbish leaching vat treatment system, comprise the equalizing tank that inserts leaching vat, the biochemical treatment system that inserts the leaching vat of handling through described equalizing tank and the film processing system that inserts the leaching vat of handling through described biochemical treatment system; Comprise that also the concentrated solution that inserts described film processing system carries out the evaporation and crystallization system of evaporative crystallization.
In rubbish leaching vat treatment system of the present invention, described film processing system comprises nanofiltration system and the reverse osmosis system that links to each other successively with described biochemical treatment system;
Described nanofiltration system comprises nanofiltration membrane and filters side in the nanofiltration concentrated solution side and the nanofiltration of described nanofiltration membrane both sides; Described nanofiltration concentrated solution side is provided with the nanofiltration leaching vat import that inserts the leaching vat after described biochemical treatment system is handled and is provided with the nanofiltration concentrated solution outlet that output can't see through the concentrated solution of described nanofiltration membrane; Described nanofiltration is filtered side and is provided with output through the nanofiltration leaching vat outlet of the filtering leaching vat of described nanofiltration membrane to described reverse osmosis system;
Described reverse osmosis system comprises reverse osmosis membrane and in the reverse osmosis concentrated liquid side and the osmosis filtration side of described reverse osmosis membrane both sides; Described reverse osmosis concentrated liquid side is provided with the reverse osmosis leaching vat import that is connected with described nanofiltration leaching vat outlet and is provided with output and can't see through the reverse osmosis concentrated liquid outlet of the concentrated solution of described reverse osmosis membrane to described evaporation and crystallization system; Described osmosis filtration side is provided with the reverse osmosis leaching vat outlet of output through the leaching vat of described reverse osmosis membrane filtration.
In rubbish leaching vat treatment system of the present invention, described rubbish leaching vat treatment system also comprises go back to the spray system, and described time the spray system is connected with the nanofiltration concentrated solution outlet of described nanofiltration system, inserts the nanofiltration concentrated solution.
In rubbish leaching vat treatment system of the present invention, described biochemical treatment system comprises anaerobic system and the bio-reactor that is connected in turn between described equalizing tank and the film processing system.
In rubbish leaching vat treatment system of the present invention, the leaching vat entrance location place of described equalizing tank also is provided with the grid deslagging device of removing solid particulate matter.
In rubbish leaching vat treatment system of the present invention, described anaerobic system comprises that the import of anaerobism leaching vat, the discharge that are connected with described equalizing tank export, are arranged on the anaerobic sludge outlet of bottom and the methane outlet that is arranged on top through the anaerobism leaching vat of the leaching vat of anaerobic treatment; Described methane outlet is connected with described biogas utilization system.
In rubbish leaching vat treatment system of the present invention, described biogas utilization system comprises dehumidifying strainer, gas-holder, desulfurizer, cooling dewatering unit, air-blast device and the combustion unit that connects successively.
In rubbish leaching vat treatment system of the present invention, described rubbish leaching vat treatment system also comprises the throwing device of throwing in iron trichloride in described pressure oxygen system.
In rubbish leaching vat treatment system of the present invention, described bio-reactor is the MBR system, comprises the MBR leaching vat import that is connected with described anaerobic system, the MBR leaching vat that is connected with described nanofiltration system outlet and MBR sludge outlet.
In rubbish leaching vat treatment system of the present invention, described MBR system also comprises the leaching vat original water inlet that is connected with described equalizing tank.
Implement the present invention and have following beneficial effect: be linked into evaporation and crystallization system by concentrated solution and carry out evaporative crystallization film processing system, water outlet after the processing and crystal salt all can be carried out reuse, thereby have thoroughly solved the secondary pollution problem of the concentrated solution of film processing system.
Further, by the nanofiltration concentrated solution of nanofiltration system is returned to be sprayed onto and carries out burning disposal in the incinerator burner hearth by going back to the spray system, thereby thoroughly solved the secondary pollution problem that the nanofiltration concentrated solution produces; Simultaneously, utilization evaporative crystallization treatment process is handled reverse osmosis concentrated liquid, and water outlet after the processing and crystal salt are all carried out reuse, thereby has thoroughly solved the secondary pollution problem that reverse osmosis concentrated liquid produces.
In addition, can add liquor ferri trichloridi in the anaerobic reaction system, part is removed the hydrogen sulfide that produces in the anaerobic reaction process, prevents that anaerobion from intoxicating phenomenon taking place because of concentration of hydrogen sulfide is too high.And, the biogas that anaerobism produced is fully utilized processing, the mode of comprehensive utilization comprises generating and producing steam dual mode.Avoid the direct discharging of anaerobism biogas is caused the generation of security incidents such as environmental pollution, Greenhouse effect increase and blast.Realized the comprehensive utilization of biogas resource, greatly developed economic in proper order policy with country and conform to CDM reduction of greenhouse gas discharge policy.
The former water of part leaching vat (through grid filtration) can also be surmounted anaerobic reactor and directly enter the film biochemical reactor, be provided with the throwing device that replenishes carbon sources such as methyl alcohol, glucose toward membrane bioreactor simultaneously, guarantee required carbon source and the C/N ratio of denitrification in the film biochemical reactor.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of rubbish leaching vat treatment system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of the biogas utilization system of rubbish leaching vat treatment system of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, be an embodiment of rubbish leaching vat treatment system of the present invention, can be used for occasions such as garbage burning factory or waste incineration power plant, in conjunction with domestic leaching vat treatment process present situation, utilization " biochemistry+film+evaporation " treatment process is handled the rubbish leaching vat, to reach the purpose that meets first discharge standard (containing the total nitrogen index) and receive tube drainage standard or industrial reuse, accompanying drawing 1 is seen in technical process.
This rubbish leaching vat treatment system comprises that the concentrated solution of the equalizing tank 11 that inserts leaching vat, the biochemical treatment system that inserts the leaching vat of handling through equalizing tank 11, the film processing system that inserts the leaching vat of handling through biochemical treatment system and access film processing system carries out the evaporation and crystallization system 16 of evaporative crystallization.Be linked into evaporation and crystallization system 16 by the concentrated solution with film processing system and carry out evaporative crystallization, water outlet after the processing and crystal salt all can be carried out reuse, thereby have thoroughly solved the secondary pollution problem of the concentrated solution of film processing system.
In the present embodiment, this equalizing tank 11 is used for inserting the leaching vat of trash repository.Be promoted to equalizing tank 11 from the rubbish leaching vat in the garbage burning factory trash repository by the lift pump in the leaching vat collecting tank, realization leaching vat homogeneous is all measured purpose, reduce the rangeability of subsequent disposal facility waterpower and water quality load, for the condition in early stage is created in maintenance system steady running, the part organic substance has carried out hydrolysis, acidifying and methanation reaction at equalizing tank 11 in the leaching vat simultaneously.
Equalizing tank 11 hydraulic detention times are 7-10 days.Owing to the solid particulate matter that the rubbish leaching vat that comes out from trash repository is contained is more, enter equalizing tank 11 for fear of solid particulate matter, add the grate deslagging device before equalizing tank 11, process slagging-off pre-treatment was to remove the solid particulate matter of particle diameter greater than 0.5-1mm before leaching vat entered equalizing tank 11.Can also prevent that mud deposits in the leaching vat in equalizing tank 11 by being provided with and moving submersible agitator in the equalizing tank 11.
This biochemical treatment system comprises anaerobic system 12 and the bio-reactor that is connected in turn between equalizing tank 11 and the film processing system.This anaerobic system 12 is connected with the conciliation pond, comprises that the import of anaerobism leaching vat, the discharge that are connected with equalizing tank 11 export, are arranged on the anaerobic sludge outlet of bottom and the methane outlet that is arranged on top through the anaerobism leaching vat of the leaching vat of anaerobic treatment.
Being promoted by the anaerobism inlet water lifting pumps through the pretreated leaching vat of slagging-off in the equalizing tank 11 enters anaerobic system 12 by the import of anaerobism leaching vat, and this anaerobic system 12 can adopt various anaerobic reactors, for example UASB, UBF, AF, IC etc.No matter select which kind of anaerobic reactor for use, all can adopt the anaeration in normal temperature mode, the anaerobic reaction temperature is 35～38 ℃ of temperature, need heat to anaerobism with well heater during winter, can utilize the afterheat steam of incineration plant that anaerobism is heated to guarantee the stable of anaerobic reaction temperature.Certainly, also can select different anaerobic reaction methods to carry out anaerobic reaction as required.Export bio-reactor through the leaching vat after the anaerobic reaction processing to by the outlet of anaerobism leaching vat, carry out subsequent disposal.
Mud in the anaerobic system 12 is then discharged by the anaerobic sludge outlet, in the present embodiment, anaerobic sludge is expelled in the sludge thickener 21, concentrate, dewater by centrifuge 22 then, the dried mud water ratio that dewaters is about 80%, enters trash repository and transports outward or enter processing such as incinerator burning.Carry out recycling processing and the centrifugate of the supernatant liquor of sludge thickener 21 and centrifuge 22 reenters equalizing tank 11 by pipeline, avoid second environmental pollution.
The anaerobic biological treatment method is the treatment process of being come degradable organic pollutant under the condition of anaerobic by facultative anaerobe and obligatory anaerobic bacteria.In the anaerobic treatment process of leaching vat, organism in the waste water is under the acting in conjunction of a large amount of microorganisms, produce acetate and produce the methane three phases through acidication, product hydrogen, finally be converted into methane, carbonic acid gas and water, contain a small amount of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia sometimes.Generally speaking, at hydrolysis and souring stage, the BOD value in the waste water changes not obvious.Only producing methane phase, because it is many with C0 to constitute the organic carbon of BOD
2And CH
4Form overflow, organism obtains degraded, COD in the waste water and BOD value be reduction obviously.
In the present embodiment, use anaerobic treatment process in the rubbish leaching vat is handled following advantage is arranged: anaerobism is oxygen consumption not, only need to reflux or stir, the clearance of COD can reach 70-90%, under the dense situation of COD, the removal of COD total amount is appreciable, has reduced the working cost of total system; Anaerobism can be produced biogas, and biogas can utilize again, is used for generating electricity or heat production; The anaerobism sludge output is little, and its concentrated property, dehydration property are good.
Further, the throwing device of iron trichloride can also be set in this rubbish leaching vat treatment system, in anaerobic system 12, add liquor ferri trichloridi, part is removed the hydrogen sulfide that produces in the anaerobic reaction process, prevent that anaerobion from intoxicating phenomenon taking place because of concentration of hydrogen sulfide is too high, the concentration of hydrogen sulfide that anaerobism is produced in the biogas is about 3000 ppm.
Further, by the biogas utilization system that is connected with methane outlet 20 biogas that anaerobism produced is fully utilized processing, the mode of comprehensive utilization comprises generating and producing steam dual mode.As shown in Figure 2, this biogas utilization system 20 comprises dehumidifying strainer 201, gas-holder 202, desulfurizer 203, cooling dewatering unit 204, air-blast device and the combustion unit 205 etc. that connect successively.
Deliver into dehumidifying filtration unit by pipeline via the methane outlet on top from the biogas of anaerobic system 12, the saturation water in the biogas is tentatively removed at this, removes the particulate matter in the biogas simultaneously; Enter two epithelium gas-holder 202 then; Gas-holder 202 back of coming out removes H in the biogas by bio-desulfurization device 203 or chemical desulfurization device 203
2S makes H
2S content is less than 200ppm; Through cooling dewatering unit 204, adopt the cooling dewatering type that dew point is dropped to 10～20 ℃ at last.(P=～1.0kPa) be input to combustion unit 205 as being forced into 10.0～35KPa through roots blower, delivers to generating set or methane boiler to purified marsh gas after secondary filter (3um).During or the biogas that can not fully accept produce out of service for some reason when generating set (methane boiler), rich biogas is delivered to torch burning through roots blower.
Leaching vat after anaerobic system 12 is handled enters into bio-reactor through the outlet of anaerobism leaching vat, and carrying out biochemical removal can biochemical organism and carry out biological denitrificaion.In the present embodiment, this bio-reactor adopts the MBR(membrane bioreactor), can certainly adopt other bio-reactor, as SMSBR etc.This MBR system 13 comprises the MBR leaching vat import that is connected with anaerobic system 12, the MBR leaching vat that is connected with nanofiltration system 14 outlet and MBR sludge outlet.This MBR leaching vat import and anaerobic system 12 join, and insert the leaching vat after anaerobic treatment, are expelled to nanofiltration system 14 through the leaching vat behind the biochemical reaction by the outlet of MBR leaching vat; The mud that the biochemical reaction of MBR system 13 produces then is expelled in the sludge thickener 21 by the MBR sludge outlet, concentrate, dewater by centrifuge 22 then, the dried mud water ratio that dewaters is about 80%, enters trash repository and transports outward or enter processing such as incinerator burning.Carry out recycling processing and the centrifugate of the supernatant liquor of sludge thickener 21 and centrifuge 22 reenters equalizing tank 11 by pipeline, avoid second environmental pollution.
This film biochemical reactor is according to amount of inlet water and condition of water quality, and the reaction conditions that configuration and control suit is to realize denitrification and nitration reaction and while degradable organic pollutant efficiently.For the carbon source that makes full use of in the water is into carried out anti-nitration reaction, the film biochemical reactor adopts denitrification preposition, and the form of nitrated postposition can reduce be used for the required oxygen amount of degradable organic pollutant in the nitrification tank simultaneously.Dispose the aeration specific equipment in the nitrification tank of film biochemical reactor as required, can turn out highly active aerobic microbiological, make organic pollutant almost completely degraded in nitrification tank of the bio-degradable in the sewage, simultaneously ammonia nitrogen and organonitrogen are oxidized to nitrate, because ultra-filtration membrane separates thalline (active sludge) fully with purifying waste water, make and in biochemical system, bred through the microorganism species of constantly domestication generation, organism for common relatively sewage treatment process difficult degradation in the leaching vat also can progressively be degraded, and can obtain high-quality effluent quality.The ultrafiltration water inlet has backflow functionality concurrently, i.e. ultrafiltration water inlet is through behind the ultrafiltration and concentration, and clear liquid is discharged, and concentrated solution is back in the denitrification pond, nitric nitrogen wherein, nitrite nitrogen are reduced into nitrogen and discharge in anaerobic environment, reach the purpose of denitrogenation, establish whipping appts under the liquid in the denitrification pond.The film biochemical reactor adopts ultrafiltration to substitute traditional second pond, realizes mud, water sepn fully, makes the sludge concentration in the biochemical system reach 10-15g/l.Ultra-filtration membrane in the film biochemical reactor can adopt the external placed type tubular ultra-filtration membrane, also can adopt the board-like film of built-in immersion.
Further, because of anaerobic reactor can be removed the characteristics that BOD can not remove ammonia nitrogen, anaerobism water outlet C/N ratio reduces, can not satisfy of the requirement of subsequent film biochemical reactor to water inlet C/N ratio, and the former water C/N of leaching vat ratio is higher, therefore also is provided with in MBR system 13 and equalizing tank 11 direct-connected leaching vat source water inlets.The former water of part leaching vat (through grid filtration) is surmounted anaerobic system 12 directly enter MBR system 13.In addition, can also be provided with toward the throwing device of carbon sources such as the additional methyl alcohol of membrane bioreactor, with the required carbon source of denitrification in the assurance film biochemical reactor, thus the stability of denitrification rate of maintenance system necessity and the pH of system value.
The BOD of the ultrafiltration water outlet that process MBR system 13 handles, ammonia nitrogen, heavy metal, suspended substance etc. have reached emission standard.But COD and colourity that the larger molecular organics of bio-refractory forms still exceed standard, and water outlet does not have suspended substance.Present embodiment adopts nanofiltration (NF) system that advanced treatment is carried out in the ultrafiltration water outlet, removes the organism and the part a polyvalent salt of bio-refractory.Nanofiltration system 14 can be used as the preprocessing means of follow-up reverse osmosis (RO) system simultaneously.
This nanofiltration system 14 comprises nanofiltration membrane and filters side in the nanofiltration concentrated solution side and the nanofiltration of nanofiltration membrane both sides.This nanofiltration concentrated solution side is provided with the nanofiltration leaching vat import that inserts the leaching vat after biochemical treatment system is handled and is provided with the nanofiltration concentrated solution outlet that output can't see through the concentrated solution of nanofiltration membrane.And nanofiltration filtration side is provided with output through the nanofiltration leaching vat outlet of the filtering leaching vat of nanofiltration membrane to reverse osmosis system 15.
The clear liquid productive rate that produces through this nanofiltration system 14 can reach 80-90%, and the nanofiltration concentrated solution is 10-20%.Nanofiltration system 14 is separated as membrane separation technique, and know-why be similar to mechanical grading, but the nanofiltration membrane body has electric charge, so its separating mechanism can only say approximate mechanical grading, the diffusional effect of dissolving is also arranged interior simultaneously.This to be it still have under low pressure very higher macromole and divalent salts are held back the major reason of effect.Compare with ultrafiltration or reverse osmosis (RO), nanofiltration (NF) process has higher rejection to divalence or polyvalent ion and molecular weight at the organism more than 500, to then holding back hardly less than 500 organic pollutant and monovalent salt ion with molecular weight.The separation aperture of nanofiltration membrane generally at 1nm to about the 10nm.For the rubbish leaching vat of handling through anaerobism, MBR, handle the soil ulmin class material that mainly contains difficult degradation in its concentrated solution of back through nanofiltration system 14 again, the salt separating/enriching is few, can send into incinerator and burn, and has avoided the corrosion of high salinity to incinerator.
Further, this rubbish leaching vat treatment system also comprises go back to the spray system, is connected with the nanofiltration concentrated solution outlet of nanofiltration system 14.Nanofiltration concentrated solution after nanofiltration system 14 is filtered returns the burner hearth that is sprayed onto incinerator and carries out burning disposal via going back to the spray system, thereby has thoroughly solved the secondary pollution problem that the nanofiltration concentrated solution produces.Understandable, this time spray system can adopt existing various go back tos spray systems.
Through the nanofiltration clear liquid of nanofiltration advanced treatment, total nitrogen does not still reach emission standard.Simultaneously, nanofiltration is not done the monovalent salt ion and is held back, and the salt in the nanofiltration clear liquid does not reach the reuse water standard yet and receives the tube drainage standard.Therefore, after nanofiltration system 14 is handled, also dispose reverse osmosis (RO) system, further the nanofiltration clear liquid is carried out advanced treatment, hold back total nitrogen and salinity in the nanofiltration clear liquid, the reverse osmosis clear liquid reaches first discharge standard, receive tube drainage standard and industrial reuse water water quality standard.The clear liquid productive rate of reverse osmosis can reach 70-80%.Reverse osmosis concentrated liquid is 20-30%.
In the present embodiment, this reverse osmosis system 15 comprises reverse osmosis membrane and in the reverse osmosis concentrated liquid side and the osmosis filtration side of reverse osmosis membrane both sides.Be provided with the reverse osmosis leaching vat import that is connected with nanofiltration leaching vat outlet and be provided with concentrated solution that output can't see through reverse osmosis membrane to the reverse osmosis concentrated liquid of evaporation and crystallization system 16 in the reverse osmosis concentrated liquid side and export.The osmosis filtration side is provided with the reverse osmosis leaching vat outlet of output through the leaching vat of reverse osmosis membrane filtration.Reverse osmosis membrane can adopt rolled film or dish tubular membrane.
Reverse osmosis concentrated liquid contains a large amount of salinities and partial organic substances and total nitrogen, and specific conductivity is about 50000-80000ms/cm.For this reason, utilization evaporation process method is handled reverse osmosis concentrated liquid, thereby has thoroughly solved the secondary pollution problem that reverse osmosis concentrated liquid produces.
This evaporation and crystallization system 16 can adopt patent of invention (application number: the evaporation and crystallization system 16 200810241287.1), also can adopt the evaporation equipment of band mechanical vapour compressor.After aforesaid reverse osmosis system 15 is handled, carry out evaporative crystallization again, water outlet still can reach reuse standard, and the crystal salt that produces will mainly contain NaCl, the stable quality standard that reaches industrial salt of product mass-energy can be used as product and sells, and reaches the purpose of " turning waste into wealth ".
Wherein, this evaporation and crystallization system 16 can adopt quadruple effect evaporation and crystallization system 16, comprises that 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator, triple-effect evaporator, quadruple effect evaporator, one-level preheater, secondary preheater, three grades of preheaters, level Four preheater, Pyatyi preheater, condenser, condensation water tank, vacuum generating device and salt separate device etc.Wherein this salt separates device and can comprise thickener 17, whizzer 18, strong brine case etc.Understandable, this evaporation and crystallization system 16 can adopt one to imitate or multiple-effect evaporation crystal system 16.
Reverse osmosis concentrated liquid is imitated to quadruple effect evaporator through one successively, reaches capacity in quadruple effect evaporator and forms the salt crystallization, and crystal salt is suspended state in quadruple effect evaporator.The saturated solution of band suspension crystallization salt is pumped to thickener 17 and carries out concentrating of crystal salt, solid-to-liquid ratio in the saturated solution is brought up to about 50%, the supernatant liquor of thickener 17 enters the strong brine case, sends into quadruple effect evaporator subsequently and continues evaporative crystallization, perhaps directly sends into quadruple effect evaporator again and carries out evaporative crystallization; The concentrated saturated solution that discharge thickener 17 bottoms enters whizzer 18(such as double push-material formula whizzer 18) carry out solid-liquid separation, utilize the rotary drum of high speed rotating and the filter screen of high filtering precision, oarse-grained NaCl crystal salt in the feed liquid is separated.Centrifugation post crystallization salt is particulate state, and water ratio is about 3%, is easy to follow-up drying, can save the required heat energy of a large amount of dryings.
Further, also be provided with moisture eliminator 19, to after the centrifugation, be granular crystal salt and carry out drying.This moisture eliminator 19 can adopt vibrated fluidized bed, certainly, also can use other moisture eliminator 19.
Crystalline particulate salt after the centrifugation enters the vibratory liquefaction drying bed, dry all warm airs adopt the secondary steam of 1st effective evaporator to heat, need not to introduce live steam or electrically heated air, crystal salt moves under vibration and warm air acting in conjunction in vibrating bed and is dry, and dried crystal salt water ratio is less than 0.3%.
The present invention has following technique effect at least:
1, add liquor ferri trichloridi in anaerobic system 12, part is removed the hydrogen sulfide that produces in the anaerobic reaction process, prevents that anaerobion from intoxicating phenomenon taking place because of concentration of hydrogen sulfide is too high.
2, the biogas that anaerobism produced fully utilizes processing, and the mode of comprehensive utilization comprises generating and producing steam dual mode.Avoid the direct discharging of anaerobism biogas is caused the generation of security incidents such as environmental pollution, Greenhouse effect increase and blast.Realized the comprehensive utilization of biogas resource, greatly developed economic in proper order policy with country and conform to CDM reduction of greenhouse gas discharge policy.
3, the former water of part leaching vat (through grid filtration) is surmounted anaerobic reactor and directly enter the film biochemical reactor, be provided with the throwing device that replenishes carbon sources such as methyl alcohol, glucose toward membrane bioreactor simultaneously, guarantee required carbon source and the C/N ratio of denitrification in the film biochemical reactor.
4, in conjunction with nanofiltration concentrated solution water quality characteristics and incinerator combustioncharacteristics, the spray system is set back, the nanofiltration concentrated solution is returned is sprayed onto burner hearth and carries out burning disposal, thereby thoroughly solved the secondary pollution problem that the nanofiltration concentrated solution produces.
5, in conjunction with the reverse osmosis concentrated liquid water quality characteristics, utilization evaporation process method is handled reverse osmosis concentrated liquid, and water outlet after the processing and crystal salt are all carried out reuse, thereby has thoroughly solved the secondary pollution problem that reverse osmosis concentrated liquid produces.
6, utilization " biochemistry+film+evaporation " treatment process is handled the rubbish leaching vat, effluent index can reach first discharge standard and receive pipe standards, and the requirement of " a cold opened system circulating cooling water quality index " among " Code for design of industrial recirculating cooling water treatment " GB50050-2007, total nitrogen reaches " household refuse landfill sites pollutent control criterion " and (GB16889-2008) stipulates.
7, mud, the concentrated solution of whole process system generation all reach thorough processing, and non-secondary pollution produces.
Claims (10)
1. a rubbish leaching vat treatment system comprises the equalizing tank that inserts leaching vat, the biochemical treatment system that inserts the leaching vat of handling through described equalizing tank and the film processing system that inserts the leaching vat of handling through described biochemical treatment system; It is characterized in that, comprise that also the concentrated solution that inserts described film processing system carries out the evaporation and crystallization system of evaporative crystallization.
2. rubbish leaching vat treatment system according to claim 1 is characterized in that described film processing system comprises nanofiltration system and the reverse osmosis system that links to each other successively with described biochemical treatment system;
Described nanofiltration system comprises nanofiltration membrane and filters side in the nanofiltration concentrated solution side and the nanofiltration of described nanofiltration membrane both sides; Described nanofiltration concentrated solution side is provided with the nanofiltration leaching vat import that inserts the leaching vat after described biochemical treatment system is handled and is provided with the nanofiltration concentrated solution outlet that output can't see through the concentrated solution of described nanofiltration membrane; Described nanofiltration is filtered side and is provided with output through the nanofiltration leaching vat outlet of the filtering leaching vat of described nanofiltration membrane to described reverse osmosis system;
Described reverse osmosis system comprises reverse osmosis membrane and in the reverse osmosis concentrated liquid side and the osmosis filtration side of described reverse osmosis membrane both sides; Described reverse osmosis concentrated liquid side is provided with the reverse osmosis leaching vat import that is connected with described nanofiltration leaching vat outlet and is provided with output and can't see through the reverse osmosis concentrated liquid outlet of the concentrated solution of described reverse osmosis membrane to described evaporation and crystallization system; Described osmosis filtration side is provided with the reverse osmosis leaching vat outlet of output through the leaching vat of described reverse osmosis membrane filtration.
3. rubbish leaching vat treatment system according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described rubbish leaching vat treatment system also comprises go back to the spray system, and described time the spray system is connected with the nanofiltration concentrated solution outlet of described nanofiltration system, inserts the nanofiltration concentrated solution.
4. according to each described rubbish leaching vat treatment system of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that described biochemical treatment system comprises anaerobic system and the bio-reactor that is connected in turn between described equalizing tank and the film processing system.
5. rubbish leaching vat treatment system according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the leaching vat entrance location place of described equalizing tank also is provided with the grid deslagging device of removing solid particulate matter.
6. rubbish leaching vat treatment system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that described anaerobic system comprises that the import of anaerobism leaching vat, the discharge that are connected with described equalizing tank export, are arranged on the anaerobic sludge outlet of bottom and the methane outlet that is arranged on top through the anaerobism leaching vat of the leaching vat of anaerobic treatment; Described methane outlet is connected with described biogas utilization system.
7. rubbish leaching vat treatment system according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described biogas utilization system comprises dehumidifying strainer, gas-holder, desulfurizer, cooling dewatering unit, air-blast device and the combustion unit that connects successively.
8. rubbish leaching vat treatment system according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described rubbish leaching vat treatment system also comprises the throwing device of throwing in iron trichloride in described pressure oxygen system.
9. rubbish leaching vat treatment system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described bio-reactor is the MBR system, comprises the MBR leaching vat import that is connected with described anaerobic system, the MBR leaching vat that is connected with described nanofiltration system outlet and MBR sludge outlet.
10. rubbish leaching vat treatment system according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described MBR system also comprises the leaching vat original water inlet that is connected with described equalizing tank.
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| CN102674604A (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2012-09-19 | 北京中科通用能源环保有限责任公司 | Processing system for membrane concentrated solution of landfill leachate |
| CN102976543A (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2013-03-20 | 深圳市能源环保有限公司 | Garbage leachate disposal method and system |
| CN103641272A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-03-19 | 上海康盛环保能源科技有限公司 | High-concentration organic wasted water and refuse leachate zero discharge treatment system |
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| CN102674604A (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2012-09-19 | 北京中科通用能源环保有限责任公司 | Processing system for membrane concentrated solution of landfill leachate |
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| CN104129882A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2014-11-05 | 成都美富特膜科技有限公司 | Novel treatment technology of high-concentration industrial wastewater |
| CN105461157A (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2016-04-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | High-salinity high-organic-matter contentwastewater zero discharge method |
| CN105254122A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2016-01-20 | 成都中节能再生能源有限公司 | Treatment method of leachate of waste incineration power plant |
| CN105439389A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-03-30 | 北京欧亚泉环境投资管理有限公司 | Zero emission treatment system for landfill leachate |
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| CN108483799A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-09-04 | 中山市天乙能源有限公司 | A kind of garbage incinerating power plant percolate treating process |
| CN108483799B (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2021-02-26 | 中山市天乙能源有限公司 | Leachate treatment process for waste incineration power plant |
| CN112479360A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-03-12 | 深圳市深能环保东部有限公司 | Method for identifying and adjusting abnormity of anaerobic treatment process of domestic garbage leachate |
| CN113788582A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-12-14 | 广东闻扬环境科技有限公司 | Landfill leachate treatment method and system |
| CN115140899A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-10-04 | 浙江红狮环保股份有限公司 | Treatment technology of high organic matter and high salt wastewater |
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Application publication date: 20110921 |