CN102185364A - Electric vehicle storage battery charger with multiple protection functions - Google Patents
Electric vehicle storage battery charger with multiple protection functions Download PDFInfo
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- CN102185364A CN102185364A CN2011101335460A CN201110133546A CN102185364A CN 102185364 A CN102185364 A CN 102185364A CN 2011101335460 A CN2011101335460 A CN 2011101335460A CN 201110133546 A CN201110133546 A CN 201110133546A CN 102185364 A CN102185364 A CN 102185364A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an electric vehicle storage battery charger with multiple protection functions. The charger consists of mains alternating current (AC), a power transformer T, a full-wave rectification circuit, a pulsating direct circuit indicating circuit, a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR), a trigger circuit of the SCR, a biasing circuit of a positive-negative-positive (PNP)-type triode VT1 and a charging state indicator light light-emitting diode (LED) 2. In the various-type chargers for charging storage batteries, the anodes and the cathodes of all storage batteries are almost required to be correctly connected with the anodes and the cathodes of a charging terminal of the charger, and most of ordinary chargers have not the function of restoring lead sulfate of a storage battery electrode plate to shorten the service life of the storage battery greatly. By only adopting a small quantity of ordinary discrete components, the charger can identity whether the storage battery electrode plate drops off or the electrode is open, judges whether storage battery voltage is lower than output voltage of the charger and whether the anode and the cathode of the storage battery are reversely connected, and has the function of restoring the lead sulfate of the storage battery electrode plate and the multiple protection functions of quickly charging, automatically stopping after full charge and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electronic technology and accumulator charging technology field, is the electromobile battery charger that multiple protection functions is arranged about a kind of.
Background technology
The capacity of storage battery (storage battery) is big, cost performance is higher is that present various rechargeable battery is incomparable, so it is used widely always.At present, the battery that electric bicycle is used generally adopts maintenance-free lead accumulator as power source, so the quality of accumulator property directly affects the service behaviour of electric bicycle.Therefore, how to use, maintenance free cell is the thing that the consumer is concerned about the most.The battery charger majority is the corollary apparatus of electric motor car, although storage battery has very big pardon to charging modes, if descend fast with capacity, thereby cause electric bicycle continuation of the journey mileage to shorten degradation problem under the lifting capacity but use charger inferior can quicken the aging of storage battery for a long time.The charger that is used for charge in batteries on the market is of a great variety, but nearly all require the both positive and negative polarity of storage battery must correctly be connected with the both positive and negative polarity of charger, in case otherwise both positive and negative polarity connects and to make mistakes, and so gently the performance or the useful life of then reducing storage battery, perhaps burns out the electronic component in the charger; Heavy then burn out whole charger or fill bad storage battery; Even the fried cruelly serious consequence of decreasing thing, hurting sb.'s feelings of storage battery might take place; And the common charger overwhelming majority does not have repair function, and the lead sulfate that when charging accumulator plate is formed does not have repair, and the sulfation of pole plate is an irreversible process.The long-term relatively poor charger of serviceability can cause very adverse influence to accumulator property, and this adverse effect can accumulate over a long period, and causes finally that its capacity descends rapidly, shorten (that is: early ageing) useful life significantly.
So, how charge in batteries and maintenance reach normally or longer life span, have been the problem that the storage battery user is concerned about the most.Test, compare and analyze through multiple scheme, the present invention only uses a small amount of common discrete component to realize that battery charger has multiple protection functions.
Below describe the correlation technique content that the electromobile battery charger that multiple protection functions arranged of the present invention relates in detail in manufacturing process.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention and beneficial effect: the charger that is used for charge in batteries on the market is of a great variety, but nearly all require the both positive and negative polarity of storage battery must correctly be connected with the both positive and negative polarity of charger charging terminal, in case otherwise the both positive and negative polarity connection makes mistakes, so gently the performance or the useful life of then reducing storage battery, burn out the portions of electronics element in the charger; Heavy then burn out charger or fill bad storage battery; And the common charger overwhelming majority does not have repair function, the lead sulfate that when charging accumulator plate is formed does not have repair, the long-term relatively poor charger of serviceability, can cause very adverse influence to accumulator property, cause finally that its capacity descends rapidly, shorten useful life significantly.The characteristics of circuit of the present invention are:
1. battery tension is set at 36V, if filled that accumulator plate comes off or electrode disconnects, causes batteries obstructed, or short circuit appears in certain group storage battery, and the terminal voltage of storage battery will reduce or be zero so, and at this moment charger will not have charging current and export;
2. if departed from setting voltage by being filled battery tension, as: the setting charging voltage is 36V, and misconnection when 24V or 12V storage battery, this charger no-output electric current; If set be charged as 24V and misconnection the 36V storage battery because the charger output voltage is lower than battery tension, thereby can not be to charge in batteries;
3. connect instead as if the both positive and negative polarity of mistake with storage battery when using, then the one-way SCR circuits for triggering instead end partially, Triggerless, and not conducting of one-way SCR, the charging current of output is zero;
4. adopt the pulsating direct current current charges, help to suppress the formation of accumulator plate lead sulfateization, help prolonging the life-span of storage battery.Because low-voltage AC is Rectified alternating current after full-wave rectification, have only when its peak voltage during greater than battery tension one-way SCR just understand conducting, and when pulsating dc voltage was in the trough district, one-way SCR then instead ended partially, stopped to charge in batteries;
5. quick charge is full of automatic stop.Because the voltage at storage battery two ends is lower when just having begun to charge, thereby charging current is bigger.When storage battery is about to be full of (terminal voltage of 36V storage battery chargeable to 44V), because charging voltage is more and more near the crest value of pulsating direct current output voltage, then charging current will be more and more littler, becomes trickle charge at last.When the storage battery both end voltage was charged to the crest maximum of exporting near rectification, charging process was near stopping.
The above-mentioned multiple protection functions of the present invention will the accumulators user use bring great convenience, be well suited for that the shop front, stand are carried out charge in batteries, maintenance is professional or extensive use.
Technical characterictic: the electromobile battery charger that multiple protection functions is arranged; biasing circuit and charged state indicator light LED2 by mains ac power supply AC, power transformer T and full-wave rectifying circuit, Rectified alternating current indicating circuit, unidirectional controllable silicon S CR and circuits for triggering thereof, positive-negative-positive triode VT1 form, and its feature comprises:
The connection features of AC transformer T and full bridge rectifier is: the two ends of power transformer T primary coil L1 meet mains ac power supply AC respectively, the two ends of power transformer T secondary coil L2 connect the alternating current input of full-bridge rectification element silicon stack QZ respectively, the cathode output end of full-bridge rectification element silicon stack QZ meets the anodal VCC of Rectified alternating current, and the cathode output end of full-bridge rectification element silicon stack QZ links to each other with circuit ground GND;
The connection features of unidirectional controllable silicon S CR and circuits for triggering thereof is: the negative electrode connection circuit ground GND of unidirectional controllable silicon S CR, the control utmost point of unidirectional controllable silicon S CR connects the negative pole of charged state indicator light LED2, the end of the anodal connecting resistance R2 of charged state indicator light LED2, the collector electrode of another termination positive-negative-positive triode VT1 of resistance R 2, the emitter of positive-negative-positive triode VT1 meets the anodal VCC of Rectified alternating current, and the anode of unidirectional controllable silicon S CR connects the negative pole of charging lead-out terminal;
The connection features of the biasing circuit of positive-negative-positive triode VT1 is: the base stage of positive-negative-positive triode VT1 links to each other with the end of an end of resistance R 3, potentiometer RP, the anodal VCC of another termination Rectified alternating current of resistance R 3, the end of the other end connecting resistance R4 of potentiometer RP, the other end order of resistance R 4 is to the anode of controllable silicon SCR.
Connection features in the composition of other circuit and the circuit between the components and parts
The connection features of Rectified alternating current indicating circuit is: the positive pole of red light emitting diodes LED1 meets the anodal VCC of Rectified alternating current, connection circuit ground GND behind the negative pole series resistor R1 of red light emitting diodes LED1.
The anodal VCC of Rectified alternating current connects the positive pole of charging lead-out terminal, and the anode of unidirectional controllable silicon S CR connects the negative pole of charging lead-out terminal.
The circuit working principle: the 220V civil power after silicon stack QZ full-wave rectification, is supplied with the usefulness of charging circuit work through power transformer T step-down.After output is filled storage battery by correct polarity access, if each half-wave peak value of rectification output ripple voltage surpasses the terminal voltage of storage battery, then unidirectional controllable silicon S CR is through the collector current triggering and conducting of positive-negative-positive triode VT1, and electric current charges a battery through unidirectional controllable silicon S CR.Pulsating voltage is during near battery tension, and unidirectional controllable silicon S CR is turned off, and stops charging.During regulator potentiometer RP, can change the conducting voltage of positive-negative-positive triode VT1, can trigger unidirectional controllable silicon S CR conducting in the time of generally can be and get final product the descending conducting of adjusting to positive-negative-positive triode VT1 of potentiometer RP.Red luminotron LED1 in the accompanying drawing 1 is as the power supply indication, and green luminotron LED2 is as the battery state of charge indication.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is to the invention provides an embodiment circuit working schematic diagram that the electromobile battery charger of multiple protection functions is arranged.
Embodiment
Circuit working schematic diagram and description of drawings according to the electromobile battery charger of accompanying drawing 1 multiple protection functions that is shown with; and according to the annexation between the components and parts in the described each several part circuit of summary of the invention, and the components and parts technical parameter described in the execution mode requires to implement to realize the present invention.Below be that example is elaborated with the 36V storage battery.
The selection of components and parts and technical parameter thereof
Full-bridge rectification element silicon stack QZ in the circuit of electromobile battery charger of multiple protection functions is arranged, can select the full-bridge of the square 8-10A of plastic packaging for use, in the middle of it installing hole is arranged, because of power should be installed on the aluminium radiating board more greatly;
Unidirectional controllable silicon S CR can select the one-way SCR of 10A/100V metallic packaging for use, and it is fixed on the same aluminium radiating board with nut with full-bridge rectification element silicon stack QZ;
VT1 is a trigger triode, should select the positive-negative-positive triode for use, and its parameter is Vceo 〉=60V, IM=1A, and current amplification factor β＞80 are selected the triode of 2SB536, B564 or models such as B1008, B1015 for use;
LED1 is ￠ 5 red light emitting diodes; LED2 is ￠ 5 green LEDs;
Resistance is selected metalfilmresistor for use, and the resistance of resistance R 1 is that 3.3K Ω, power are 1/2W; The resistance of resistance R 2 is that 4.7K Ω, power are 1W; The resistance of resistance R 3 is that 1K Ω, power are 1/4W; The resistance of resistance R 4 is that 2K Ω, power are 1/4W; RP is that linear potentiometer, power are 2W, its resistance 33K Ω;
Power transformer T can select the control transformer of BK200 type for use, and output voltage is selected the 40V retaining for use, about 41～42V when output voltage is unloaded, and power transformer T can also require coiling voluntarily according to technical parameter.
Circuit production and debugging
Fairly simple because of the circuit structure of electromobile battery charger that multiple protection functions is arranged, make and be easier to, it is general that the physical connection of components and parts is correct as long as the components and parts performance of using is intact, circuit does not need to debug just can operate as normal.Pulsating direct current TURP in the circuit after the rectification can not arbitrarily add filter circuit, otherwise the repair of storage battery in charging process will variation.
Voltage when rectification output ripple direct current is unloaded is 41～42V.The resistance of regulator potentiometer RP can change the conducting voltage of positive-negative-positive triode VT1, generally with potentiometer RP by big resistance to little resistance adjustment, can trigger unidirectional controllable silicon S CR conducting when adjusting to positive-negative-positive triode VT1 conducting and get final product.
Through overtesting, electric vehicle power sources is 36V with three groups of 12V/14Ah storage battery series connection, when giving the charging of 36V electromobile battery, the alternating voltage full load of power transformer T secondary coil is reduced to 39V, DC ammeter measurement mean charging current is 1.5～1.8A on the serial connection, and mean charging current is about 1.6A.Generally needed to be full of in 2.4～2.8 hours with charger of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. electromobile battery charger that multiple protection functions is arranged; biasing circuit and charged state indicator light LED2 by mains ac power supply AC, power transformer T and full-wave rectifying circuit, Rectified alternating current indicating circuit, unidirectional controllable silicon S CR and circuits for triggering thereof, positive-negative-positive triode VT1 form, and its feature comprises:
The connection features of AC transformer T and full bridge rectifier is: the two ends of power transformer T primary coil L1 meet mains ac power supply AC respectively, the two ends of power transformer T secondary coil L2 connect the alternating current input of full-bridge rectification element silicon stack QZ respectively, the cathode output end of full-bridge rectification element silicon stack QZ meets the anodal VCC of Rectified alternating current, and the cathode output end of full-bridge rectification element silicon stack QZ links to each other with circuit ground GND;
The connection features of unidirectional controllable silicon S CR and circuits for triggering thereof is: the negative electrode connection circuit ground GND of unidirectional controllable silicon S CR, the control utmost point of unidirectional controllable silicon S CR connects the negative pole of charged state indicator light LED2, the end of the anodal connecting resistance R2 of charged state indicator light LED2, the collector electrode of another termination positive-negative-positive triode VT1 of resistance R 2, the emitter of positive-negative-positive triode VT1 meets the anodal VCC of Rectified alternating current, and the anode of unidirectional controllable silicon S CR connects the negative pole of charging lead-out terminal;
The connection features of the biasing circuit of positive-negative-positive triode VT1 is: the base stage of positive-negative-positive triode VT1 links to each other with the end of an end of resistance R 3, potentiometer RP, the anodal VCC of another termination Rectified alternating current of resistance R 3, the end of the other end connecting resistance R4 of potentiometer RP, the other end order of resistance R 4 is to the anode of controllable silicon SCR.
2. the electromobile battery charger that multiple protection functions is arranged according to claim 1; the connection features of Rectified alternating current indicating circuit is: the positive pole of red light emitting diodes LED1 meets the anodal VCC of Rectified alternating current, connection circuit ground GND behind the negative pole series resistor R1 of red light emitting diodes LED1.
3. the electromobile battery charger that multiple protection functions is arranged according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the anodal VCC of Rectified alternating current connects the positive pole of charging lead-out terminal, and the anode of unidirectional controllable silicon S CR connects the negative pole of charging lead-out terminal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101335460A CN102185364A (en) | 2011-05-17 | 2011-05-17 | Electric vehicle storage battery charger with multiple protection functions |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101335460A CN102185364A (en) | 2011-05-17 | 2011-05-17 | Electric vehicle storage battery charger with multiple protection functions |
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| CN102185364A true CN102185364A (en) | 2011-09-14 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103036212A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2013-04-10 | 皆盈绿动能科技股份有限公司 | Battery output short-circuit protection circuit |
| CN104052029A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-17 | 深圳市海洋王照明工程有限公司 | Charger reverse-connection-prevention circuit and electronic device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2609263Y (en) * | 2003-03-04 | 2004-03-31 | *** | Accumulator charger |
| CN200959527Y (en) * | 2006-08-31 | 2007-10-10 | 朱洪兵 | Constant-current charger |
| CN201226367Y (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2009-04-22 | 李荣显 | Apparatus for repairing battery capacity |
| CN202026117U (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2011-11-02 | 李秉哲 | Charger of electric vehicle storage battery with multiple protection functions |
-
2011
- 2011-05-17 CN CN2011101335460A patent/CN102185364A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2609263Y (en) * | 2003-03-04 | 2004-03-31 | *** | Accumulator charger |
| CN200959527Y (en) * | 2006-08-31 | 2007-10-10 | 朱洪兵 | Constant-current charger |
| CN201226367Y (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2009-04-22 | 李荣显 | Apparatus for repairing battery capacity |
| CN202026117U (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2011-11-02 | 李秉哲 | Charger of electric vehicle storage battery with multiple protection functions |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103036212A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2013-04-10 | 皆盈绿动能科技股份有限公司 | Battery output short-circuit protection circuit |
| CN103036212B (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2016-10-05 | 皆盈绿动能科技股份有限公司 | battery output short-circuit protection circuit |
| CN104052029A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-17 | 深圳市海洋王照明工程有限公司 | Charger reverse-connection-prevention circuit and electronic device |
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Application publication date: 20110914 |