CN102104269A - Multi-gear constant-current charger for storage battery of power-free transformer - Google Patents
Multi-gear constant-current charger for storage battery of power-free transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102104269A CN102104269A CN2011100698842A CN201110069884A CN102104269A CN 102104269 A CN102104269 A CN 102104269A CN 2011100698842 A CN2011100698842 A CN 2011100698842A CN 201110069884 A CN201110069884 A CN 201110069884A CN 102104269 A CN102104269 A CN 102104269A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of electronics and the technical field of storage battery charging, and relates to a multi-gear constant-current charger for a storage battery of a power-free transformer. The charger consists of a 220-V alternating current, four voltage-reducing and current-limiting branches, a full-bridge rectifying circuit, a charger output no-load indicating circuit and a charger output terminal, and is characterized in that: each of the four voltage-reducing and current-limiting branches is formed by connecting a single-pole switch and a voltage-reducing capacitor in series; and a drain resistor is respectively connected with the two ends of the voltage-reducing capacitor in each branch in parallel. A plurality of types of common chargers are used for charging the storage battery on the market, but an actual charge effect is not good enough so as to cause the reduction of storage battery capacity and the great shortening of service life. The multi-gear constant-current charger for the storage battery of the power-free transformer realizes a constant-current charging mode by using a concise circuit structure, discards a heavy power transformer, stops the use of non-ferrous metals, greatly reduces the weight of an overall machine, and reduces the manufacturing cost of the charger. The use of the charger contributes to prolonging the service life of the storage battery.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electronic technology and accumulator charging technology field, relate to many grades of constant current chargers of storage battery of a kind of no power supply transformer.
Background technology
Lead acid accumulator (storage battery) is big with its capacity, cost performance is higher is that present various rechargeable battery is incomparable, and the particularly research and development of maintenance free cell success and promoting the use of makes the field of its application more extensive.Therefore, how to use, maintenance free cell is the thing that the consumer is concerned about the most.Although storage battery has very big pardon to charging modes, if use charger inferior can quicken the quick decline of the aging and capacity of storage battery for a long time.Cause the main cause of the decreased performance of storage battery to have:
1. general battery charger is by after the AC transformer step-down, obtains direct current through bridge rectifier or with the Switching Power Supply mode.Charger is taked the converting charge mode more when work.Therefore, it is very high that charger requirement charging current can not be set, generally at 0.5～1.5A.Its charging current of storage battery for 7AH shows slightly less than normal, and the effect of the removal pole plate sulphation (that is: salinization) of these charging technique schemes, charging voltage and strength of charging current is not obvious.
2. storage battery moves under the power shortage state through being everlasting, or often is in over-discharge state.
3. the charge in batteries overlong time can cause storage battery aggravation dehydration, and electrolyte (dilute sulfuric acid) is dry too early because of dehydration, causes storage battery to fill drum, distortion easily, makes storage battery premature termination in useful life.
4. the long-term relatively poor charger of serviceability can cause very adverse influence to accumulator property, and this adverse effect can be accumulated over a long period.
Purchase and result of use constant current charge mode charger preferably, ubiquity the circuit structure complexity, is easily broken down, the more high practical problem of cost of manufacture.The reasonable the problems referred to above that solved of current constant mode charging device of the present invention.
Test, compare and analyze through multiple scheme, the present invention only uses a small amount of common discrete component to realize designing requirements such as circuit structure is simple, cost is low, charge in batteries is effective, reliable operation.
Related relevant technologies during below many grades of constant current chargers of storage battery of this no power supply transformer of detailed description are made.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention and beneficial effect: the common charger kind that is used for charge in batteries on the market is more, but that actual charging effect has is much not good enough, causes that battery capacity descends, shorten useful life significantly.Storage battery being reached normally or longer useful life, is the problem that the storage battery users are concerned about the most.Many grades of constant current chargers of the storage battery of no power supply transformer have been realized the current constant mode charging with succinct circuit structure, have abandoned heavy power transformer, have stopped the use of non-ferrous metal, have reduced the weight of complete machine significantly, reduce the cost of manufacture of charger.The use of this charger will help to prolong the useful life of storage battery, and help promoting, popularizing.
Technical characterictic: many grades of constant current chargers of the storage battery of no power supply transformer by 220V alternating current, 4 step-down current limliting branch roads, full bridge rectifier, chargers export unloaded indicating circuit, the charger lead-out terminal is formed, it is characterized in that: every step-down current limliting branch road in 4 step-down current limliting branch roads constitutes by 1 decompression capacitor of 1 single-pole switch serial connection, and in each branch road decompression capacitor two ends all and connect 1 bleeder resistance.
Annexation in other circuit compositions and the circuit between the components and parts
Full bridge rectifier: be connected into full bridge rectifier by 4 silicon rectifier diode D1～D4, the live wire end L that it is characterized in that the 220V alternating current connects the input that is connected on full bridge rectifier behind every step-down current limliting branch road with the zero line side N of 220V alternating current respectively, the positive pole of full bridge rectifier output connects the positive pole of DC ammeter (A), the negative pole connection circuit ground GND of full bridge rectifier output.
Charger is exported unloaded indicating circuit and is made up of resistance R 5, LED 1, it is characterized in that: be connected on the positive pole of full bridge rectifier output and the positive pole of DC ammeter (A) behind the cathode series resistance R5 of LED 1, the negative pole connection circuit ground GND of LED 1.
The charger lead-out terminal: the positive pole of charger lead-out terminal links to each other with the negative pole of DC ammeter (A), the positive pole of D.C. voltmeter (V), and the negative pole of charger lead-out terminal links to each other with negative pole, the circuit ground GND of D.C. voltmeter (V).
Circuit design: the step-down of charger circuit, current limiting capacitance capacity are big more, and capacitive reactance is more little, and charging current is big more.Otherwise charging current is more little.Around this principle, adopt the method for adjusting shunt capacitance to reach the purpose of adjusting the charging current size.The storage battery of using always with automobile, motorcycle, electric motor car is an example, and this charging circuit is provided with the adjacent differential adjustable charging current of 0.5A that is, the combination different in parallel by 4 branch roads realizes the adjustment to the battery charging current.
Concern between the voltage of pure electric capacity, electric current, the capacitive reactance in the alternating current circuit and be:
I＝U/Xc＝2πfcU＝2×3.14×50×210C＝65940C
In the formula: Xc represents the capacitive reactance of electric capacity, and the unit of capacitive reactance is (Ω); U represents the voltage at electric capacity two ends, and its unit is (V).For people's numerical value be: the voltage of civil power alternating current is 220V, and the lower voltage limit of battery discharging is 10V, and the voltage at electric capacity two ends is 210V; C represents the capacity of electric capacity, and its unit is a farad (F); The unit of the frequency of alternating current is (Hz), and the frequency of civil power alternating current is 50Hz; I represents the electric current by electric capacity, and unit is respectively (A); π gets 3.14.
When the capacitor C in the formula is got 15 μ F, I=65940C=65940 * 0.000015 ≈ 1 (A).C1=15 μ F, C2=22 μ F, C3=30 μ F, C4=40 μ F, each corresponding branch current is respectively 1A, 1.5A, 2A, 2.5A.By selecting different control switchs, above 4 branch roads can be carried out suitable combination parallel connection, just can obtain 1A, 3A, 4A ... the charging current that 7A etc. are different.If desire is transferred charging current meticulousr, can increase the parallel branch of a 0.5A.
The circuit working principle: the present invention utilizes many grades of constant current chargers of the storage battery of a kind of no power supply transformer of capacitance decompression, current limliting.The 220V alternating current is formed 4 available or combinations of branch road respectively through single-pole switch K1～K4 and corresponding Resistor-Capacitor Unit thereof, and behind the full bridge rectifier that 4 silicon rectifier diode D1～D4 forms, (A) charges a battery by DC ammeter again.In charging process, because the variable quantity of storage battery both end voltage is very little with respect to the 220V alternating voltage in the charge circuit, the voltage drop at electric capacity two ends is also almost constant, so, electric current by decompression capacitor also is constant, and the charging current by internal storage battery also is constant naturally.
Resistance R 1～R4 is respectively the bleeder resistance of decompression capacitor C1～C4 in the accompanying drawing, when charger disconnects alternating current, can in time charge stored on the decompression capacitor be bled off; K1～K4 is the single-pole switch of each bar branch road, is controlling branch road by the break-make of corresponding single-pole switch and whether is incorporating circuit into; The size of DC ammeter (A) indication charging current.The voltage at D.C. voltmeter (V) indication storage battery two ends; Resistance R 5, LED 1 are formed charger and are exported unloaded indicating circuit.Because of the resistance of resistance R 5 is very big, when the charger output connects storage battery, more than ten the volt voltage and through significantly step-down of resistance R 5, this moment can't light LED 1.If find that LED 1 is lighted, illustrate that zero load has taken place the charger output.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is the circuit working schematic diagram of an embodiment of many grades of constant current chargers of storage battery of no power supply transformer provided by the invention.
Embodiment
Specification requirement according to the components and parts of the circuit working schematic diagram of the many grades of constant current chargers of storage battery of no power supply transformer shown in the drawings and description of drawings and the following stated is implemented, and can realize the present invention.
The selection of components and parts and technical parameter thereof
Components and parts are selected to consider emphatically safe in utilization, and stable performance, circuit working reliably are principle.Should leave enough affluence amounts in the parameter of selecting components and parts, cost of manufacture can not increase a lot.
4 silicon rectifier diode D1～D4 should select for use rated operational current to be not less than 10A, and withstand voltage is not less than 400V;
Single-pole switch K1～K4 should select for use rated operational current to be not less than 8A's;
Decompression capacitor C1～C4 should select non-polar electric capacity for use, and its capacity is respectively: C1 is that 15 μ F, C2 are that 22 μ F, C3 are that 30 μ F, C4 are 40 μ F, requires to select for use the withstand voltage 400V that all is not less than;
It is that 220k Ω, power requirements are 0.5W that bleeder resistance R1～R4 all selects resistance for use;
DC ammeter (A) selected range is the ammeter of 10A or 15A specification;
It is the voltmeter of 25V specification that D.C. voltmeter (V) is answered selected range;
LED1 selects common red light emitting diodes for use, and it is the resistance of 6W that dropping resistor R5 selects resistance 10k Ω, power for use;
The operating current of charger output wiring terminal requires to be not less than 15A.
Manufacture method: single-pole switch K1～K4 is contained in position suitable on the machine shell panel side by side, and marks the printed words of 1A, 1.5A, 2A, 2.5A respectively in the appropriate location of single-pole switch K1～K4 respectively, so that when selecting charging current, calculate fast and adjust.For safety when inserting the 220V alternating current, must be correct to the identification of 220V alternating current fire wire end L, zero line side N.
Circuit debugging: in the circuit of the many grades of constant current chargers of storage battery of no power supply transformer, as long as the electronic devices and components performance of selecting for use is intact, and the components and parts annexation in the accompanying drawing is welded to specifications, after physical connection line and welding quality process scrutiny are correct, but circuit does not need just operate as normal of debugging substantially.
Using method
Many grades of constant current chargers of the storage battery of no power supply transformer belong to the charger that no power supply transformer is isolated, and for personal safety, should operate in strict accordance with follow procedure during this charging:
1. check that each bar branch switch should be in off-state, the positive and negative electrode of storage battery reliably be connected with the charger output end binding post that D.C. voltmeter (V) is used in reference to the voltage that the storage battery two ends are shown.
2. according to the requirement of battery capacity to charging current, select to connect one grade or many grades of single-pole switchs, the numerical value of charging current should be the current value sum of connecting single-pole switch.
3. attaching plug is inserted the 220V alternating current, after connecting the single-pole switch of respective branch, observe charger this moment and export unloaded indicator light and whether light.If LED 1 is lighted, loose contact between storage battery positive and negative electrode and the charger binding post is described, should in time eliminate the fault of loose contact, and then connect the 220V alternating current.
4. the defective of this charger is not possess storage battery to be full of electricity back automatic stop function function.Should determine charging current and charging interval according to the different capabilities of storage battery during charging, and monitor whole charging process by voltmeter.
Claims (4)
1. many grades of constant current chargers of the storage battery of a no power supply transformer, by 220V alternating current, 4 step-down current limliting branch roads, full bridge rectifier, chargers export unloaded indicating circuit, the charger lead-out terminal is formed, it is characterized in that: every step-down current limliting branch road in 4 step-down current limliting branch roads constitutes by 1 decompression capacitor of 1 single-pole switch serial connection, and in each branch road decompression capacitor two ends all and connect 1 bleeder resistance.
2. many grades of constant current chargers of the storage battery of no power supply transformer according to claim 1, full bridge rectifier is connected into by 4 silicon rectifier diode D1～D4, it is characterized in that: the live wire end L of 220V alternating current connects the input that is connected on full bridge rectifier behind every step-down current limliting branch road with the zero line side N of 220V alternating current respectively, the positive pole of full bridge rectifier output connects the positive pole of DC ammeter (A), the negative pole connection circuit ground GND of full bridge rectifier output.
3. many grades of constant current chargers of the storage battery of no power supply transformer according to claim 1, charger is exported unloaded indicating circuit and is made up of resistance R 5, LED 1, it is characterized in that: be connected on the positive pole of full bridge rectifier output and the positive pole of DC ammeter (A) behind the cathode series resistance R5 of LED 1, the negative pole connection circuit ground GND of LED 1.
4. many grades of constant current chargers of the storage battery of no power supply transformer according to claim 1, the connection features of charger lead-out terminal is: the positive pole of charger lead-out terminal links to each other with the negative pole of DC ammeter (A), the positive pole of D.C. voltmeter (V), and the negative pole of charger lead-out terminal links to each other with negative pole, the circuit ground GND of D.C. voltmeter (V).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011100698842A CN102104269A (en) | 2011-03-23 | 2011-03-23 | Multi-gear constant-current charger for storage battery of power-free transformer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011100698842A CN102104269A (en) | 2011-03-23 | 2011-03-23 | Multi-gear constant-current charger for storage battery of power-free transformer |
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| CN102104269A true CN102104269A (en) | 2011-06-22 |
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| CN2011100698842A Pending CN102104269A (en) | 2011-03-23 | 2011-03-23 | Multi-gear constant-current charger for storage battery of power-free transformer |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102593931A (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2012-07-18 | 刘昭利 | Two-level constant-current charging device |
| CN104541402A (en) * | 2012-06-22 | 2015-04-22 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Battery comprising at least one semiconductor-based separating device |
| CN105449806A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2016-03-30 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Charging system of electric vehicle |
| CN106061036A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-10-26 | 吴建堂 | Light-controlled street lamp along with environment brightness changes |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN2056291U (en) * | 1989-10-26 | 1990-04-18 | 彭耀明 | Capacitive constant-current charger |
| CN2102578U (en) * | 1991-10-22 | 1992-04-22 | 彭启明 | Power saving safety rapid charger |
| CN2368211Y (en) * | 1998-09-30 | 2000-03-08 | 王佩之 | Constant-current self-adaption type charging apparatus |
| CN201975846U (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2011-09-14 | 李秉哲 | Storage battery multi-gear constant current charger without power transformer |
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2011
- 2011-03-23 CN CN2011100698842A patent/CN102104269A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2056291U (en) * | 1989-10-26 | 1990-04-18 | 彭耀明 | Capacitive constant-current charger |
| CN2102578U (en) * | 1991-10-22 | 1992-04-22 | 彭启明 | Power saving safety rapid charger |
| CN2368211Y (en) * | 1998-09-30 | 2000-03-08 | 王佩之 | Constant-current self-adaption type charging apparatus |
| CN201975846U (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2011-09-14 | 李秉哲 | Storage battery multi-gear constant current charger without power transformer |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102593931A (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2012-07-18 | 刘昭利 | Two-level constant-current charging device |
| CN104541402A (en) * | 2012-06-22 | 2015-04-22 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Battery comprising at least one semiconductor-based separating device |
| CN104541402B (en) * | 2012-06-22 | 2017-08-04 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | The battery of the separator based on semiconductor with least one |
| CN105449806A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2016-03-30 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Charging system of electric vehicle |
| CN105449806B (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2017-08-11 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | The charging system of electric vehicle |
| CN106061036A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-10-26 | 吴建堂 | Light-controlled street lamp along with environment brightness changes |
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Application publication date: 20110622 |