CN102153413A - Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102153413A CN102153413A CN2011101157482A CN201110115748A CN102153413A CN 102153413 A CN102153413 A CN 102153413A CN 2011101157482 A CN2011101157482 A CN 2011101157482A CN 201110115748 A CN201110115748 A CN 201110115748A CN 102153413 A CN102153413 A CN 102153413A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-30 parts of green algae, 12-17 parts of humic acid, 7-12 parts of bagasse mortar, 8-12 parts of saw dust, 7-15 parts of vermiculite, 5-10 parts of filtration mud, 5-10 parts of yeast organic waste water concentrated liquid, 5-8 parts of cane slag, 2-5 parts of sugarcane top and 2-5 parts of microbial strain liquid. The amount of the compound fertilizer organic matter is large than or equal to 55 weight parts, the total amount of NPK inorganic matters is large than or equal to 12 weight parts, the amount of the moisture is less than or equal to 25 weight parts, the effective viable count is large than or equal to 2 hundred million/gram, and the pH is 5.0-8.5. The preparation method comprises the following steps: fermenting twice by using microbial strains; adding inorganic porosity vermiculite, evenly mixing, and naturally drying so as to obtain the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer. Biodegradable agricultural and industrial production waste water, waste slag and sugarcane top regeneration organic matters are fully utilized as the raw materials, thereby improving the acidity and basicity of soil, improving the cation exchange capability (CEC) of the soil, improving the utilization of fertilizer, promoting the growth of crop and increasing the yield of the crop. The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer has the advantages of good ecological benefits and circular economy benefits and can be used as an additional fertilizer for crops such as sugarcane, watermelon and the like.
Description
Technical field
This belongs to the fertilizer production technology field, relates to a kind of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In the press for extracting juice sugar process of cane sugar manufacture factory, supervene a large amount of filter muds.This filter mud contains multiple element and a large amount of organic substances such as rich in protein and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulphur, can give off an unpleasant smell, people often give it up, or enter rivers, or landfill can cause serious environmental to pollute in swag year in and year out.In the production process of grain distillery, Gourmet Powder Factory and yeast factory, supervene a large amount of yeast wastewaters.This waste water contains abundant organic substance, and color is dark, chemical oxygen demand is high, is easy to take place stench, and directly discharging can cause serious environmental to pollute.People do the organic fertilizer use for ease of filter mud and this waste water, manage to change its physical behavior.For example with the multiple-effect evaporation concentrating unit molasses waste liquid being concentrated into dissolved solids content is 70～80%, it with concentration 98% industrial sulphuric acid, add-on is that pending molasses concentrating spent liquor includes 2～10% of soluble solids weight, 100 ℃ of constant temperature digestions 10 hours, add 20～40% the filler account for the contained soluble solids weight of waste liquid again, and make fertilizer through neutralization, drying.The material of this technology loses activity the organic matter in the molasses waste liquid through multiple tracks high temperature, and the fertilizer efficiency of fertilizer product is undesirable.Also there is the serious problem of waste liquid concentration process heating face fouling, and waste liquid concentrated solution high-moisture high viscosity problem again, in producing the compound organic and inorganic fertilizer process, often to stop work and clean or maintenance processing units, the energy consumption height has increased processing cost.Therefore there is the people to consider not adopt molasses waste liquid concentration and evaporation technology, and the molasses waste liquid is mixed the fermentation of carrying out repeated multiple times with filter mud, produce active compoiste fertilizer.Technical scheme is according to different biochemical reaction conditions, an amount of in batches adding waste material, material and adjustment agent etc. with various microbial populations, the first step mixes in proportion bagasse, alcohol slops, filter mud, the mud of cane sugar factory, carry out thermophilic fermentation, second step ferment of haircuting, the 3rd step composting fermentation, the 4th step soil activation microbial fermentation makes the active organic compound fertilizer with soil microbial activities.The weak point of this technology is that fermentation period is long, occupied ground is big, thereby industrial scale is restricted.Chinese patent CN 101108779A, the method of producing compound organic and inorganic fertilizer with molasses fermented waste liquid and filter mud is fully continuously fermented to 65～68% filter mud, 10～12% bagasse powder and 1.5～2.5% wheat materials such as adjustment agent bulging and 16～25% with the biological humic of weight percent 0.4～0.6% bagasse system within a short period of time; Oven dry obtains moisture 10～12% fermentation materials behind the reactor startup, is ground into the filter mud fertilizer.Molasses fermented waste liquid moisture 90% is imitated through two with triple effect forced cyclic type concentration systems again and is scraped steaming formula hyperconcentration system and be condensed into moisture 26～28% hyper-concentration liquid.By weight percentage the above-mentioned biological humic of 30～33% hyper-concentration liquid and 9～10% is mixed that the back adds 32～34% chemical fertilizer and 25～27% filter mud fertilizer stirs, become compound organic and inorganic fertilizer through the dry type extruder grain.There is the energy consumption height in this method, the big and high problem of processing cost of investment.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: be intended to utilize filter mud and the bagasse of supervening in the press for extracting juice sugar process of cane sugar manufacture factory; Utilize the yeast wastewater of supervening in the production process of yeast factory; Utilize sugarcane to cut the Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf of receipts generation and the wood chip that forest processing produces, preparation high energy environmental type fertilizer, realization is turned waste into wealth and a kind of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof, its material composition and parts by weight comprise: 2～5 parts of 25～30 parts of green algas, 12～17 parts of humic acid, 7～12 parts in bagasse mortar, 8～12 parts of granulated dust corks, 7～15 parts of vermiculites, 5～10 parts of filter muds, 5～10 parts of yeast organic waste water concentrated solutions, 5～8 parts of bagasse, 2～5 parts of Caulis Sacchari sinensis leafs and microbial strains liquid.Compound manure organic matter 〉=55 weight parts, nitrogen phosphorus potassium inanimate matter total amount 〉=12 weight parts, moisture≤25 weight parts, living bacteria count 〉=200,000,000/gram, pH=5.0～8.5.Its preparation method: adopt microbial strains fermentation secondary, add inorganic porous thing vermiculite and mix, seasoning obtains organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.
Above-described green alga comprises in chlorella (Chlorella), chlamydomonas (Chlamydomonas), volvox (Volvocales) and the silk algae (Ulotrichaceae) one or more.
Bacterial classification and living bacteria count thereof in the above-described microbial strains liquid are followed successively by: the Trichoderma (Trichoderma spp) of the silicate bacteria (Bacillus mucilaginosus) of the actinomycetes (Actinomycete) of the subtilis of living bacteria count 〉=100,000,000/gram (Bacillus subtilis), living bacteria count 〉=100,000,000/gram, living bacteria count 〉=100,000,000/gram, the yeast (Saccharomyces) of living bacteria count 〉=100,000,000/gram and living bacteria count 〉=100,000,000/gram.
Above-described bagasse mortar is sugar refinery boiler combustion bagasse after the wet solid that the water film dedusting method obtains, water content≤55 weight parts.
Above-described filter mud is that sulfitation sugar mill is produced the byproduct in the white sugar process, its solid content 〉=80 weight parts.
Above-described yeast organic waste water concentrated solution is that the waste water that yeast factory is discharged concentrates through multiple-effect evaporation, has formed solid content and has reached 55～60% organic waste water concentrated solution.
Above-described bagasse is the byproduct in cane milling workshop, sugar refinery, its water content≤15 weight parts.
Above-described Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf is to cut the Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf that obtains when receiving sugarcane, and coarse reduction or chopping.
Above-described wood chip is the by product of forest processing.
Above-described humic acid and vermiculite are to be buied by market.
The preparation method of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer comprises the steps:
(1) dilution bacterial classification: the high density bacterial classification liquid that cultivation is obtained dilutes by the prescription requirement, obtains the bacterial classification diluent after dilution is finished;
(2) ferment for the first time: ready green alga, humic acid, bagasse mortar, granulated dust cork, filter mud, bagasse, Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf and microbial strains liquid are weighed by formula rate to be placed in the stack retting pond, after fully mixing, on the stack retting pond, spread straw fermentation 7～12 days;
(3) fermentation for the second time: after fermentation is finished for the first time, open the straw on the stack retting pond, stir stirring, add yeast organic waste water concentrated solution by the prescription requirement in the stack retting pond then, after fully stirring, the mulching straw fermentation is 10～15 days on the stack retting pond;
(4) after fermentation is finished for the second time, open the straw on the stack retting pond, add vermiculite, stir, seasoning promptly obtains organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.
The stack retting pond of above institute art comprises square stack retting pond or round stack retting pond or ellipse stack retting pond, and the length of side in pond or diameter are 2.5～3.5 meters, and the pond is 2.5～3.0 meters deeply, is arranged at underground or/and ground.
Advantage of the present invention and positively effect:
1, the present invention utilizes humic acid to improve fermentation condition; Because of humic acid contains abundant organic carbon, be natural organic matter in addition, use in a large number for a long time and can obviously improve soil organic matter content, improve Soil structure, improve the soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping performance; In addition, humic acid has the caustic solubility characteristics, and contained various insoluble organic acid can be activated dissolving under saline and alkaline condition, can reduce soil pH on the one hand, reduce the generation of salt damage, the humate of Sheng Chenging can quicken crop metabolism on the other hand, the conditioning plant-growth.
2, the present invention utilizes multiple composite bacteria and yeast organic waste water concentrated solution two-step fermentation, the quick fermentation that helps organic materials, microbial reproduction is fast, organic compost all adsorbs beneficial microorganism with mixing of microorganism mattress agent or is wrapped in organic buckshot aggregate inside, for the existence of microorganism provides nutriment and environment, improve microbic activity and utilising efficiency, obtained highly active organic biofertilizer.
3, raw material of the present invention is selected cheap biodegradable, renewable organic matter for use and is had the vermiculite of soil redeposition, wetting agent and plant production agent, through mixing, ferment with the agent of microorganism mattress, can obviously improve the physicochemical character of soil, the formation of promotion soil agreegate; Improve soil ph, improve soil CEC, improve fertilizer utilization efficiency, promote plant growth, have good benefits in environment and efficiency of cycling economy.Can be used as the use of topdressing of crops such as sugarcane, watermelon.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
This example adopts chlorella, chlamydomonas, 30 parts in volvox and silk algae, 15 parts of humic acid, 10 parts in the bagasse mortar of solid content 46.3 weight parts, 10 parts of the granulated dust corks of forest processing, 10 parts of vermiculites, 10 parts of the filter muds of solid content 82.1 weight parts, solid content reaches 5 parts of the yeast organic waste water concentrated solutions of 56.7 weight parts, 6 parts of the bagasse of solid content 86.4 weight parts, the subtilis of 2 parts of the Caulis Sacchari sinensis leafs of coarse reduction or chopping and living bacteria count average out to 100,000,000/gram, actinomycetes, silicate bacteria, 2 parts of the complex microorganism bacterial classification liquid of yeast and Trichoderma.
The preparation method is: adopt microbial strains fermentation secondary, add inorganic porous thing vermiculite and mix, seasoning obtains organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.The preparation method of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer: ready green alga, humic acid, bagasse mortar, wood chip, filter mud, bagasse, Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf and microbial strains liquid weighed by formula rate is placed on square stack retting pond or round stack retting pond or ellipse stack retting pond, the length of side in pond or diameter are 2.5 meters, Chi Shen is 2.5 meters, be arranged at underground or/and in the stack retting pond on ground, after fully mixing, on the stack retting pond, spread straw fermentation 12 days; Open the straw on the stack retting pond then, stir stirring, in the stack retting pond, add yeast organic waste water concentrated solution by the prescription requirement again, after fully stirring, the mulching straw fermentation is 15 days on the stack retting pond, opens the straw on the stack retting pond, add vermiculite, stir, seasoning promptly obtains organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.
The prepared compound manure organic matter of this example is 56.2 weight parts, and nitrogen phosphorus potassium inanimate matter total amount is 12.6 weight parts, and moisture is 24.5 weight parts, and living bacteria count is 2.12 hundred million/gram, pH=5.7.
Embodiment 2
This example adopts chlorella, chlamydomonas, 25 parts in volvox and silk algae, 17 parts of humic acid, 7 parts in the bagasse mortar of solid content 62.9 weight parts, 12 parts of the granulated dust corks of forest processing, 7 parts of vermiculites, 7 parts of the filter muds of solid content 85.1 weight parts, solid content reaches 10 parts of the yeast organic waste water concentrated solutions of 57 weight parts, 5 parts of the bagasse of solid content 88.5 weight parts, the subtilis of 5 parts of the Caulis Sacchari sinensis leafs of coarse reduction or chopping and living bacteria count average out to 100,000,000/gram, actinomycetes, silicate bacteria, 5 parts of the complex microorganism bacterial classification liquid of yeast and Trichoderma.
The preparation method is: adopt microbial strains fermentation secondary, add inorganic porous thing vermiculite and mix, seasoning obtains organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.The preparation method of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer: ready green alga, humic acid, bagasse mortar, wood chip, filter mud, bagasse, Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf and microbial strains liquid weighed by formula rate is placed on square stack retting pond or round stack retting pond or ellipse stack retting pond, the length of side in pond or diameter are 3.5 meters, Chi Shen is 2.5 meters, be arranged at underground or/and in the stack retting pond on ground, after fully mixing, on the stack retting pond, spread straw fermentation 12 days; Open the straw on the stack retting pond then, stir stirring, in the stack retting pond, add yeast organic waste water concentrated solution by the prescription requirement again, after fully stirring, the mulching straw fermentation is 15 days on the stack retting pond, opens the straw on the stack retting pond, add vermiculite, stir, seasoning promptly obtains organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.
The prepared compound manure organic matter of this example is 57.6 weight parts, and nitrogen phosphorus potassium inanimate matter total amount is 13.1 weight parts, and moisture is 24.6 weight parts, and living bacteria count is 2.11 hundred million/gram, pH=6.6.
Embodiment 3
This example adopts chlorella, chlamydomonas, 27 parts in volvox and silk algae, 12 parts of humic acid, 12 parts in the bagasse mortar of solid content 82.6 weight parts, 8 parts of the granulated dust corks of forest processing, 15 parts of vermiculites, 5 parts of the filter muds of solid content 83.6 weight parts, solid content reaches 7 parts of the yeast organic waste water concentrated solutions of 59.3 weight parts, 8 parts of the bagasse of solid content 87.1 weight parts, the subtilis of 3 parts of the Caulis Sacchari sinensis leafs of coarse reduction or chopping and living bacteria count average out to 100,000,000/gram, actinomycetes, silicate bacteria, 3 parts of the complex microorganism bacterial classification liquid of yeast and Trichoderma.
The preparation method is: adopt microbial strains fermentation secondary, add inorganic porous thing vermiculite and mix, seasoning obtains organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.The preparation method of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer: ready green alga, humic acid, bagasse mortar, wood chip, filter mud, bagasse, Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf and microbial strains liquid weighed by formula rate is placed on square stack retting pond or round stack retting pond or ellipse stack retting pond, the length of side in pond or diameter are 3 meters, Chi Shen is 3 meters, be arranged at underground or/and in the stack retting pond on ground, after fully mixing, on the stack retting pond, spread straw fermentation 12 days; Open the straw on the stack retting pond then, stir stirring, in the stack retting pond, add yeast organic waste water concentrated solution by the prescription requirement again, after fully stirring, the mulching straw fermentation is 15 days on the stack retting pond, opens the straw on the stack retting pond, add vermiculite, stir, seasoning promptly obtains organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.
The prepared compound manure organic matter of this example is 60.1 weight parts, and nitrogen phosphorus potassium inanimate matter total amount is 14.7 weight parts, and moisture is 9.3 weight parts, and living bacteria count is 2.05 hundred million/gram, pH=7.9.
Claims (9)
1. organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, it is characterized in that: material composition and parts by weight comprise 2～5 parts of 25～30 parts of green algas, 12～17 parts of humic acid, 7～12 parts in bagasse mortar, 8～12 parts of granulated dust corks, 7～15 parts of vermiculites, 5～10 parts of filter muds, 5～10 parts of yeast organic waste water concentrated solutions, 5～8 parts of bagasse, 2～5 parts of Caulis Sacchari sinensis leafs and microbial strains liquid, organic matter 〉=55 weight parts, nitrogen phosphorus potassium inanimate matter total amount 〉=12 weight parts, moisture≤25 weight parts, living bacteria count 〉=200,000,000/gram, pH=5.0～8.5.
2. according to the described organic-inorganic compound fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described green alga comprises one or more in chlorella (Chlorella), chlamydomonas (Chlamydomonas), volvox (Volvocales) and the silk algae (Ulotrichaceae).
3. according to the described organic-inorganic compound fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that bacterial classification and living bacteria count thereof in the described microbial strains liquid are followed successively by: the Trichoderma (Trichoderma spp) of the silicate bacteria (Bacillus mucilaginosus) of the actinomycetes (Actinomycete) of the subtilis of living bacteria count 〉=100,000,000/gram (Bacillus subtilis), living bacteria count 〉=100,000,000/gram, living bacteria count 〉=100,000,000/gram, the yeast (Saccharomyces) of living bacteria count 〉=100,000,000/gram and living bacteria count 〉=100,000,000/gram.
4. according to the described organic-inorganic compound fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described bagasse mortar is sugar refinery boiler combustion bagasse after the wet solid that the water film dedusting method obtains, water content≤55 weight parts.
5. according to the described organic-inorganic compound fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described filter mud is that sulfitation sugar mill is produced the byproduct in the white sugar process, its solid content 〉=80 weight parts.
6. according to the described organic-inorganic compound fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described yeast organic waste water concentrated solution is that the waste water that yeast factory is discharged concentrates through multiple-effect evaporation, has formed solid content and has reached about 60% organic waste water concentrated solution.
7. according to the described organic-inorganic compound fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described bagasse is the byproduct bagasse in cane milling workshop, sugar refinery, its water ratio≤15 weight parts.
8. according to the described organic-inorganic compound fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf is to cut the Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf that obtains when receiving sugarcane, and coarse reduction or chopping.
9. the preparation method of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer comprises the steps:
(1) dilution bacterial classification: the high density bacterial classification liquid that cultivation is obtained dilutes by the prescription requirement, obtains the bacterial classification diluent;
(2) fermentation for the first time: green alga, humic acid, bagasse mortar, wood chip, filter mud, bagasse, Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf and microbial strains liquid are weighed by formula rate, place the stack retting pond, after fully mixing, on the stack retting pond, spread straw, fermented 7～12 days;
(3) fermentation for the second time: after fermentation is finished for the first time, open the straw on the stack retting pond, stir stirring, add yeast organic waste water concentrated solution by the prescription requirement in the stack retting pond then, after fully stirring, mulching straw on the stack retting pond fermented 10～15 days;
(4) after fermentation is finished for the second time, open the straw on the stack retting pond, add vermiculite, stir stirring, seasoning obtains organic-inorganic compound fertilizer;
Described stack retting pond comprises square stack retting pond or round stack retting pond or ellipse stack retting pond, and the length of side in pond or diameter are 2.5～3.5 meters, and the pond is 2.5～3.0 meters deeply, is arranged at underground or/and ground.
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