CN102138490B - Dwarfing culture method for Rhodoleia championii - Google Patents
Dwarfing culture method for Rhodoleia championii Download PDFInfo
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- CN102138490B CN102138490B CN2011100792863A CN201110079286A CN102138490B CN 102138490 B CN102138490 B CN 102138490B CN 2011100792863 A CN2011100792863 A CN 2011100792863A CN 201110079286 A CN201110079286 A CN 201110079286A CN 102138490 B CN102138490 B CN 102138490B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dwarfing culture method for Rhodoleia championii, which comprises stock culture, cion collection, grafting and post-grafting management. When the dwarfing culture method disclosed by the invention is adopted, the crown of the Rhodoleia championii umbrella-like, the height of the plant is kept within 2 meters, the length of internode is small, the branches are dense, fewer cross branches and central branches in a crown layer grow, and the roundness is high; and the dwarfed Rhodoleia championii plants can be carried easily, so the dwarfed Rhodoleia championii plants can be placed in hotel lobbies and open flower beds in parks and planted underground in the parks to create high social benefit, ecological benefit and economical benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the cultivation of plants method, more specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of dwarfing culture method of root of Champion Rhodoleia.
Background technology
Root of Champion Rhodoleia (Rhodoleia championi Hook.f.) has another name called red bud wood, hangs the clock king, and the Hamamelidaceae root of Champion Rhodoleia belongs to evergreen megaphanerophyte, Gao Keda 16m, and the leaf alternate, keratin, pinnate vein, full edge, handle comes into leaves.The capitulum armpit is given birth to, and spends 5～8.The flower both sexes, 4～6 on petal, the periphery of being partial to inflorescence, cochlear is to falling lanceolar, redness; 6～10 on stamen, filigree is long linear, flower pesticide Room 2.Capsule, seed is flat.April in December at florescence to next year.
The root of Champion Rhodoleia four seasons are evergreen, and form is perfectly straight; The blade face is dark green, and blade back is greyish white.Florescence reaches 4 months.To withering 8～10 days, after blooming, peduncle is normal crooked sagging from the flower that begins for inflorescence, and likeness in form is hung clock; 17～50 on petal is arranged in the inflorescence, be partial to the periphery of inflorescence, cochlear has colors such as light red, pink, fuchsin and blackish red look to falling lanceolar.The plant that normally blooms has inflorescence more than 1000, contains and spends period, and whole strain is red green alternate, and is very beautiful, adds honeybee producting honey, more increased temperament and interest.
Root of Champion Rhodoleia is distributed in Guangdong Province and Hainan Province, and Guangdong Province mainly is grown in middle part and the offshore islands mountain region evergreen broad-leaved forest.Advantages such as evergreen because of its four seasons, right natural disposition is strong, premium is full of leaves; Guangdong Province has classified it as the chief species of urban afforestation and ecological public welfare forests transformation; Particularly application is more extensive in the transformation of townscape woods, begins to introduce a fine variety well-grown in nineteen ninety like White Cloud Mountain, Guangzhou; Bloom, become one of main view seeds in White Cloud Mountain at present.
Root of Champion Rhodoleia is grown in the above mountain region of 200m above sea level, away from the residential block.They are many, and trunk was obvious with 1 year living seedling forestation, and perfectly straight degree is high, planted to get into initial bloom stage in 6 years, and this moment, the height of tree can reach 5m, and is more than the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 4cm, crown sparse; Enter into full-bloom stage after 15 years, this moment, the height of tree can reach 16m, and more than the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 10cm, because of the tree height is big, big tree transplanting survival rate is low during full-bloom stage; It is extensively avette that tree crown is, and internode is long, and branch is sparse, and intersection branch and cella branch are many, and satisfactory degree is poor, and whole strain appreciation effect is relatively poor.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the defective of prior art, a kind of dwarfing culture method of root of Champion Rhodoleia is provided, downgrade, make plant become short, be convenient to view and admire through artificial cultivation.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention has taked following technical scheme:
A kind of dwarfing culture method of root of Champion Rhodoleia may further comprise the steps:
(1) cultivates stock
Excavate the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 3～5cm ground and plant the root of Champion Rhodoleia nursery stock, with the root of Champion Rhodoleia nursery stock apart from ground high 35～45cm place section dried as stock, stock is vertically put into flowerpot plants; Said flowerpot basin inner bottom part is coated with tile, is lined with cinder on the tile, is filled with potting media on the cinder, and the thickness of said cinder is 2～3cm, and said potting media is filled to from flowerpot mouth 2～3cm place; The compacting potting media, the normal root water of drenching, and with the shade net sunshade of sunshade degree 50%～60%; Behind stock first round rudiment bar blade aging, keep 2～3 rudiment bars that are evenly distributed;
(2) collect scion
Choose the branch 15～25cm that is positioned at the former strain of root of Champion Rhodoleia scion middle and upper part, cut off blade, as scion, subsequent use with the wet towel parcel;
(3) grafting
A. the rudiment bar in the step (1) is cut off, the length that makes the rudiment bar is 3～4cm, vertically cuts the dark edge of a knife of 1.5～2.0cm at 1/4～1/3 place, center apart from rudiment bar shear plane, keeps the edge of a knife level and smooth, forms the stock otch;
B. select full scion of lateral bud or top scion, the rugosity of scion is not more than the rugosity of rudiment bar, and the length of scion is 2.0～3.0cm, keeps 2～3 buds;
C. cut sth. askew from top to bottom to 1/4～1/3 of scion diameter from the middle and upper part of scion, incision length is 1.5～2.0cm; Cut sth. askew from the incision ecto-entad of scion afterwards, scarf is 60 °～75 °, keeps the otch inboard to be longer than the outside;
D. with the stock otch of the scion inserting step a that cuts of step c; Scion has at least on one side to be close to the stock otch, earlier scion and stock otch is close to the place and packs tightly with film, in order to avoid be shifted; Up wrap up whole scion again, make not ingress of air of scion and stock incision;
(4) managing after grafting
After the grafting above scion 1.0～2.0m place built; The shade net sunshade of loam cake sunshade degree 70%～80%; Keep water supply; Prevent that disease from taking place, concentration is executed in grafting after 2～3 months be 15 ‰ potassium sulfate compound fertilizer solution, and the part by weight of N, P, K is 15% in the said potassium sulfate compound fertilizer; After the grafting 15～20 days, scion began rudiment, after the grafting 40～50 days, the first round sprouting break through film to outgrowth; When scion second take turns young sprout aging after, sever film, open shady net; After the third round young sprout is aging, cut off the third round tip, the four-wheel young sprout is taken turns from second extract out the tip, the 5th takes turns young sprout extracts out from the four-wheel tip; The 5th take turns young sprout aging after, keep 2～3 equally distributed branches in the four-wheel tip, cut off unnecessary cella branch and intersect branch, the root of Champion Rhodoleia that can obtain downgrading.
Preferably, when planting the root of Champion Rhodoleia nursery stock in the step (1), native bulb diameter is 35～40cm with excavating, and native ball length is 35～45cm.
Preferably, potting media described in the step (1) is that volume ratio is the peat soil of 1: 1 or 3: 2: perlite or peat soil: vermiculite.
Preferably, the former strain of root of Champion Rhodoleia scion described in the step (2) is that robust growth, the age of tree are the root of Champion Rhodoleia plant in 10～15 years.
Preferably, scion described in the step (2) is at grafting clip on the same day.
Preferably, grafting described in the step (3) is in 3～May of spring, and daily mean temperature reaches more than 18 ℃, carries out after day fine at 9 o'clock in the morning on the 2nd continuously, and the grafting continued is fine.
Preferably, the thickness of film is 0.05～0.08mm described in the step (3).
Preferably, in the step (4), said to prevent that disease from occuring as after the grafting every at a distance from 1 month, and sunny day is separated by to use with the topsin of 800～1000 times of dilutions or carbendazim after at 4 o'clock in afternoon and is sprayed.
Preferably, in the step (4), remain, in time cut off cella branch, intersection branch and damage by disease and insect branch at a distance from the wheel branch.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) through dwarfing culture method of the present invention, the root of Champion Rhodoleia tree crown is umbrella shape, and the height of tree is controlled in the 2m, and internode is short, and branch is close, and intersection branch and cella branch are few, and satisfactory degree is high;
(2) through dwarfing culture method of the present invention, the root of Champion Rhodoleia plant after the dwarfing is easy to carrying, can supply that hotel lobby, the open-air flower bed in park are put, planting down in the park, can obtain good social benefit, ecological benefits and economic benefit.
Embodiment
Below specify the present invention through specific embodiment.
The dwarfing culture method of 1 one kinds of root of Champion Rhodoleia of embodiment
May further comprise the steps:
(1) cultivates stock
Excavate the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 3～5cm ground and plant the root of Champion Rhodoleia nursery stock, last basin plantation requires native bulb diameter 35～40cm, and native ball length 35～45cm section dried apart from the high 40cm in ground place, as stock, vertically puts into the root of Champion Rhodoleia nursery stock in flowerpot with stock and plants; The about 60cm of flowerpot diameter, the basin inner bottom part of flowerpot covers with tile earlier, stays a small amount of slit to be used for draining between at the bottom of tile and the basin, on tile, fills up cinder 2～3cm again, fills potting media (peat soil+perlite, volume ratio are 1: 1) 5～10cm then; After stock is put into flowerpot, be filled to from flowerpot mouth 2～3cm place with potting media more all around; The compacting potting media, the normal root water of drenching is with the shade net sunshade of sunshade degree 50%～60%.Manage and protect stock at ordinary times and should see and driedly see wetly, must guard against overdrying or wet excessively.Behind stock first round rudiment bar blade aging, only keep 3 rudiment bars that are evenly distributed.
(2) collect scion
The former strain of root of Champion Rhodoleia scion is grown in the strong place of illumination, and robust growth, the age of tree reach 10～15 years.Choosing is positioned to the middle and upper part of tailo branch, and branch length 15～25cm cuts off blade, and is as scion, subsequent use with the wet towel parcel.
(3) grafting
The cut-grafting method is adopted in grafting.
A. earlier the tip of the rudiment bar in the step (1) is cut; Make the length of rudiment bar remain 3～4cm; Apart from 1/4～1/3 place, center of rudiment bar shear plane shear plane 1/4 radius～1/3 radius in the outer part of rudiment bar (promptly) vertically cut the dark edge of a knife of 1.5～2.0cm; Keep the edge of a knife level and smooth, form the stock otch;
B. select full scion of lateral bud or top scion, the rugosity of scion is not more than the rugosity of rudiment bar, scion length than stock long incision about 1/3 (about 2.0～3.0cm), keep 2～3 buds;
C. cut sth. askew from top to bottom to 1/4～1/3 of scion diameter from the middle and upper part of scion with cutter; Knife edge length approximates or is longer than stock rudiment bar knife edge length (about 1.5～2.0cm); The edge of a knife is level and smooth; Cut sth. askew from the incision ecto-entad of scion afterwards, scarf is 60 °, keeps the otch inboard to be longer than the outside;
D. the stock incision is inserted in the scion that cuts, scion has at least on one side to be close to the stock otch, scion and stock otch are close to the place pack tightly with the film of the about 0.05～0.08mm of thickness earlier; In order to avoid whole scion is up wrapped up in displacement again, make not ingress of air of scion and stock incision; Must guard against film tension and loose excessively in the wrapping process; Tension can damage scion bud point, crosses pine moisture or air are got into, and the edge of a knife is infected;
(4) managing after grafting
After the grafting above scion 1.5m place built, the shade net sunshade of loam cake sunshade degree 75% keeps water supply, executes concentration after the grafting after 2～3 months and be 15 ‰ potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (wherein, N, P, K ratio are 15%) aqueous solution 2000ml;
After the grafting 15～20 days, scion began rudiment, after the grafting 40～50 days, the first round sprouting break through film to outgrowth; After getting into autumn, scion begins second to be taken turns and takes out the tip, and rear blade began old materialization in 1 month, when second take turns the young sprout blade aging after, sever the wrapping film with pocket knife, promote the scion growth, opening shady net, to increase young sprout aging.
Next year, rainwater solar term front and back third round young sprout began growth, after the third round young sprout is aging, cut off the third round tip, the four-wheel young sprout is taken turns the tip from second extract out.The 5th takes turns young sprout extracts out from the four-wheel tip, the 5th take turns young sprout aging after, only keep 2～3 branches in the four-wheel tip, keeping branch will evenly distribute, and cuts off unnecessary cella branch and intersects branch.Summer is with the shade net sunshade of shade density 70%～80%.In cultivating process, remain at a distance from the wheel branch, in time cut off cella branch, intersection branch and damage by disease and insect branch.For preventing that disease from taking place, every at a distance from 1 month after the grafting, sunny day was sprayed at a distance from using with topsin or 800～1000 times of liquid phases of carbendazim after at 4 o'clock in afternoon.
Grafting through this embodiment is downgraded with pruning, and the root of Champion Rhodoleia tree crown is umbrella shape, and the height of tree is controlled in the 2m, has the internode weak point, and branch is close, and intersection branch and cella branch are few, satisfactorily spend advantages of higher.
The dwarfing culture method of 2 one kinds of root of Champion Rhodoleia of embodiment
Except that the potting media that uses in the step (1) is 3: 2 peat soil as volume ratio: the vermiculite, the dwarfing culture step among this embodiment is identical with the dwarfing culture step of embodiment 1.
Grafting through this embodiment is downgraded with pruning, and the root of Champion Rhodoleia tree crown is umbrella shape, and the height of tree is controlled in the 2m, has the internode weak point, and branch is close, and intersection branch and cella branch are few, satisfactorily spend advantages of higher.
Claims (8)
1. the dwarfing culture method of a root of Champion Rhodoleia is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) cultivates stock
With the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 3～5cm plant the root of Champion Rhodoleia nursery stock apart from ground high 35～45cm place cut to do as stock, stock is vertically put into flowerpot plants; Said flowerpot basin inner bottom part is coated with tile, is lined with cinder on the tile, is filled with potting media on the cinder, and the thickness of said cinder is 2～3cm, and said potting media is filled to from flowerpot mouth 2～3cm place; Said stock directly contacts with potting media; The compacting potting media, the normal root water of drenching, and with the shade net sunshade of sunshade degree 50%～60%; Behind stock first round rudiment bar blade aging, keep 2～3 rudiment bars that are evenly distributed;
(2) collect scion
Choose the branch 15～25cm that is positioned at the former strain of root of Champion Rhodoleia scion middle and upper part, cut off blade, as scion, subsequent use with the wet towel parcel; The former strain of said root of Champion Rhodoleia scion is that robust growth, the age of tree are the root of Champion Rhodoleia plant in 10～15 years;
(3) grafting
A. the rudiment bar in the step (1) is cut off, the length that makes the rudiment bar is 3～4cm, vertically cuts the dark edge of a knife of 1.5～2.0cm at 1/4～1/3 place, center apart from rudiment bar shear plane, keeps the edge of a knife level and smooth, forms the stock otch;
B. select full scion of lateral bud or top scion, the rugosity of scion is not more than the rugosity of rudiment bar, and the length of scion is 2.0～3.0cm, keeps 2～3 buds;
C. cut sth. askew from top to bottom to 1/4～1/3 of scion diameter from the middle and upper part of the scion of step b, incision length is 1.5～2.0cm; Radially to be 60 °～75 ° angle, cut sth. askew to the bottom of said otch afterwards from the opposite side ecto-entad of said scion with scion;
D. with the stock otch of the scion inserting step a that cuts of step c; Scion has at least on one side to be close to the stock otch, earlier scion and stock otch is close to the place and packs tightly with film, in order to avoid be shifted; Up wrap up whole scion again, make not ingress of air of scion and stock incision;
(4) managing after grafting
After the grafting above scion 1.0～2.0m place built; The shade net sunshade of loam cake sunshade degree 70%～80%; Keep water supply; Prevent that disease from taking place, concentration is executed in grafting after 2～3 months be 15 ‰ potassium sulfate compound fertilizer solution, and the part by weight of N, P, K is 15% in the said potassium sulfate compound fertilizer; After the grafting 15～20 days, scion began rudiment, after the grafting 40～50 days, the first round sprouting break through film to outgrowth; When scion second take turns young sprout aging after, sever film, open shady net; After the third round young sprout is aging, cut off the third round tip, the four-wheel young sprout is taken turns from second extract out the tip, the 5th takes turns young sprout extracts out from the four-wheel tip; The 5th take turns young sprout aging after, keep 2～3 equally distributed branches in the four-wheel tip, cut off unnecessary cella branch and intersect branch, the root of Champion Rhodoleia that can obtain downgrading.
2. the dwarfing culture method of root of Champion Rhodoleia according to claim 1 is characterized in that, when planting the root of Champion Rhodoleia nursery stock in the step (1), native bulb diameter is 35～40cm with excavating, and native ball length is 35～45cm.
3. the dwarfing culture method of root of Champion Rhodoleia according to claim 1 is characterized in that, potting media described in the step (1) is that volume ratio is the peat soil of 1: 1 or 3: 2: perlite or peat soil: vermiculite.
4. the dwarfing culture method of root of Champion Rhodoleia according to claim 1 is characterized in that, scion is at grafting clip on the same day described in the step (2).
5. the dwarfing culture method of root of Champion Rhodoleia according to claim 1 is characterized in that, grafting described in the step (3) is in 3～May of spring, and daily mean temperature reaches more than 18 ℃, carries out after day fine at 9 o'clock in the morning on the 2nd continuously, and the grafting continued is fine.
6. the dwarfing culture method of root of Champion Rhodoleia according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the thickness of film is 0.05～0.08mm described in the step (3).
7. the dwarfing culture method of root of Champion Rhodoleia according to claim 1 is characterized in that, it is every at a distance from 1 month to prevent described in the step (4) that disease from occuring as after the grafting, and sunny day is separated by to use with the topsin of 800～1000 times of dilutions or carbendazim after at 4 o'clock in afternoon and is sprayed.
8. the dwarfing culture method of root of Champion Rhodoleia according to claim 1 is characterized in that, remains in the step (4) at a distance from the wheel branch, in time cuts off cella branch, intersection branch and damage by disease and insect branch.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011100792863A CN102138490B (en) | 2011-03-30 | 2011-03-30 | Dwarfing culture method for Rhodoleia championii |
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| CN2011100792863A CN102138490B (en) | 2011-03-30 | 2011-03-30 | Dwarfing culture method for Rhodoleia championii |
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| CN102138490B true CN102138490B (en) | 2012-11-28 |
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| CN102550254A (en) * | 2012-01-16 | 2012-07-11 | 浙江省萧山棉麻研究所 | Technique for dwarfing curcuma alismatifolia with uniconazole |
| CN103598060B (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2015-01-07 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Alstonia scholaris propagation method with big tree trunks cut |
| CN105123509A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-09 | 广东省林业科学研究院 | Hybrid seed production method for bombax ceiba |
| CN111919609A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-13 | 德兴市荣兴苗木有限责任公司 | Grafting propagation method of witch hazel |
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 曹基武.优美的观赏树种——红花荷.《中国花卉盆景》.1990,(第4期),6. * |
| 陈策.优良的观赏和用材树种红苞木.<广东林业科技>.1985,(第4期),32,46. * |
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