CN102132016A - 用于将尿素转化成氨的催化装置 - Google Patents

用于将尿素转化成氨的催化装置 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN102132016A
CN102132016A CN2009801336553A CN200980133655A CN102132016A CN 102132016 A CN102132016 A CN 102132016A CN 2009801336553 A CN2009801336553 A CN 2009801336553A CN 200980133655 A CN200980133655 A CN 200980133655A CN 102132016 A CN102132016 A CN 102132016A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
catalysis device
waste gas
downstream
equipment
urea
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN2009801336553A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN102132016B (zh
Inventor
阿尔温德·V·哈里纳特
布莱恩·E·布莱克韦尔
普拉迪普·普拉赛德
Z·杰拉尔德·刘
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cummins Filtration IP Inc
Original Assignee
Cummins Filtration IP Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cummins Filtration IP Inc filed Critical Cummins Filtration IP Inc
Publication of CN102132016A publication Critical patent/CN102132016A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN102132016B publication Critical patent/CN102132016B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/21—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media
    • B01F23/213—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids
    • B01F23/2132—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids using nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/313—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/103—Oxidation catalysts for HC and CO only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/105—General auxiliary catalysts, e.g. upstream or downstream of the main catalyst
    • F01N3/106—Auxiliary oxidation catalysts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/20—Reductants
    • B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
    • B01D2251/2067—Urea
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D2257/404—Nitrogen oxides other than dinitrogen oxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/01—Engine exhaust gases
    • B01D2258/012—Diesel engines and lean burn gasoline engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/20—Jet mixers, i.e. mixers using high-speed fluid streams
    • B01F25/25—Mixing by jets impinging against collision plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/40—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a hydrolysis catalyst
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/10—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of nitrous oxide (N2O)
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49345—Catalytic device making

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)

Abstract

所披露的是用于处理废气的设备、***和方法。所披露的设备和***典型地包括用于将尿素水转化成氨的催化装置。该催化装置可包括用于将尿素水转化成氨的热解催化剂和水解催化剂。该催化装置典型地包括上游面，当该装置放置在选择性催化还原(SCR)***中时，上游面放置成与废气流呈一个角度。

Description

用于将尿素转化成氨的催化装置
技术领域
本发明的领域涉及用于内燃机的废气后处理装置。尤其地，本发明的领域涉及包括适合在工业过程、在移动式和固定式柴油、天然气及其它发动机的应用中使用的用于内燃机废气的选择性催化还原(SCR)***。
背景技术
源于内燃机的废气典型地包括氮的氧化气体，如一氧化氮(NO)、二氧化氮(NO2)和一氧化二氮(N2O)，氮的氧化气体共同地称为“NOx”。因为NOx会是一种环境危害，多个***已经被开发以通过选择性催化还原(SCR)从废气中去除NOx。
在工业过程，还有在固定式柴油发动机的应用中，氮氧化物(NOx)的选择性催化还原(SCR)使用还原剂是已熟知的。氨是在SCR***中普遍使用的还原剂。NOx与氨反应，并通过SCR催化还原成氮气(N2)，伴有作为副产物的水。该反应通常可以表示如下：
NOx+NH3→N2+H2O
该反应可被称为“SCR催化剂”的催化剂所催化。
因为氨是有危害的物质，通常氨不被直接引入到SCR***。相反地，通过引入较少危害的产氨源到SCR***，原位产生氨。一种常用的产氨源是尿素水(aqueous urea)。在SCR***中，尿素水在SCR的上游被注入到废气气流。源于注入溶液的小滴中的水蒸发留下尿素，尿素在高温中分解(即，热解)成异氰酸和氨。在水中，异氰酸然后水解生成氨和二氧化碳。这些反应通常能表示如下：
CO(NH2)2+热量→HNCO+NH3
HNCO+H2O→NH3+CO2
这些反应可被称为“热解催化剂”和“水解催化剂”的催化剂分别催化。因此形成的氨可在SCR反应中反应并还原NOx。
用于移动式应用的SCR催化剂的使用是有问题的。一个妨碍是移动式应用在尺寸上是相对较小的。这使得在废气到达SCR催化剂之前，在SCR催化剂的上游注入尿素溶液到废气并将尿素溶液完全分解和水解成氨(和获得足够高的氨与NOx的比率)很困难。在低的柴油发动机排气温度和高气体流速下(例如，大约每秒20米)，在注入器和SCR催化剂之间需要几米的距离(即，0.1到0.3秒的时间)用于尿素水溶液喷出蒸发，用于尿素分解和水解成氨和二氧化碳，和用于在氨进入催化剂以前变得实用均匀地横跨流前端分布。尽管对于这个问题的各种各样的解决办法已经被提出(见，例如，美国专利号6,928,807；6,361,754；和6,203,770；和美国公开申请号2006/0115402)，这些解决办法包括在SCR***之外产生氨和直接将氨引入到废气流。在这些***中，如果SCR催化剂在这种氨引入之前没有预热，氨将通过SCR催化剂并污染空气。因此，存在适用于移动式应用的改进的SCR***的需求。
发明内容
所披露的是用于处理废气的设备、***和方法。所披露的设备、***和方法典型地包括或采用用于将尿素水溶液转化成氨的催化装置。
所披露的用于处理废气的设备和***可包括外壳，该外壳具有用于接纳废气的上游入口和用于排放废气的下游出口，其中所述外壳限定废气的轴向流动路径(axial flow path)。所披露的设备和***可进一步包括注入器，注入器被配置以将尿素溶液注入到废气。所披露的设备和***典型地包括用于将尿素转化成氨的催化装置，催化装置被放置在轴向流动路径中，位于注入器的的下游(例如，可渗透的催化装置)。所述催化装置具有上游面，上游面放置成与轴向流动路径呈一个角度(例如，与轴向流动路径呈大约20-70度的角度，优选地与轴向流动路径呈大约30-50度的角度)。所述催化装置典型地被配置以在上游面接纳源于注入器的尿素溶液。所披露的设备和***可进一步包括选择性催化反应器(SCR)，选择性催化反应器用于在氨存在下将NOx转化成氮气和水，其中SCR放置在所披露的催化装置的下游。
所披露的还有制造所披露的设备和***的方法。所述方法可包括制造用于处理废气的设备的方法。所述方法可包括：(a)提供外壳，该外壳具有用于接纳废气的上游入口和用于排放废气的下游出口，其中所述外壳限定废气的轴向流动路径；(b)在外壳内放置用于将尿素溶液注入到废气的注入器；和(c)在注入器的下游放置用于将尿素转化成氨的催化装置。典型地，所述催化装置具有上游面，上游面放置成与所述轴向流动路径呈一个角度(例如，与所述流动路径呈大约20-70度的角度，或优选地与所述流动路径呈大约30-50度的角度)。典型地，所述催化装置被配置成在上游面接纳源于注入器的尿素溶液。可选择地，所述方法可包括：(d)在所述催化装置的下游放置用于在氨存在下将NOx转化成氮气和水的选择性催化反应器。
所披露的方法可包括制造用于将尿素转化成氨的可渗透的催化装置的方法，其中所述装置包括热解催化剂、水解催化剂，或者两种都包括。制造所述装置的方法可包括：(a)制造所述装置的第一部分，其中第一部分包括热解催化剂并具有上游面和下游面；(b)制造所述装置的第二部分，其中第二部分包括水解催化剂并具有上游面和下游面；和(c)放置第一部分的下游面与第二部分的上游面邻接，由此制造所述装置；其中所制造的装置横截面为平行四边形或梯形。可选择地，制造所述装置的方法可进一步包括组合第一部分和第二部分。
所披露的还有采用所披露的设备和***处理废气的方法。在一些实施方式中，所述方法包括将废气通过所披露的催化装置，其中所述装置包含热解催化剂、水解催化剂，或两种都包含。废气可被动地加热所述催化装置并促进尿素水向氨的转化，其中尿素水被注入到废气流并在催化装置的上游面沉积。
所披露的设备和***采用用于将尿素转化成氨的催化装置。在一些实施方式中，通过采用所披露的催化装置，在SCR***中为实现尿素向氨的完全转化，所需要的注入器和催化装置之间的距离被减少。所披露的SCR***可适用于移动式应用。
附图说明
图1显示现有技术的废气SCR***。
图2是如本文披露的SCR***的一个实施方式的剖视图。
图3是如本文披露的SCR***的另一个实施方式的剖视图。
图4提供了如本文披露的催化装置的4种实施方式(A，B，C，和D)的剖视图。
图5提供了如本文披露的SCR***的一个实施方式的一个部分的剖视图。
图6提供了如本文披露的SCR***的另一个实施方式的一个部分的剖视图。
图7提供了如本文披露的催化装置的一个实施方式的透视图。
具体实施方式
所披露的是用于处理废气的设备、***和方法。所披露的设备、***和方法典型地包括或采用用于将尿素水溶液转化成氨的催化装置。催化装置可包括热解催化剂、水解催化剂，或两种都包括。催化装置典型地具有上游面，当装置放置在SCR***中时，上游面放置成与轴向废气流呈一个角度。该上游面典型地放置以接纳从尿素罐喷嘴注入的尿素水溶液。
所披露的设备和***典型地包括催化装置，催化装置具有上游面，上游面放置成与轴向流动路径呈一个角度。所披露的设备和***可包括催化装置，催化装置具有下游面，下游面放置成与轴向流动路径呈直角或与轴向流动路径呈90度(±15度)角，例如，如果流分布均匀性不重要并且不需要相同的废气径线长度。在一些实施方式中，所披露的设备和***可包括催化装置，催化装置具有下游面，下游面放置成与轴向流动路径呈大约20-70度的角度，或者与轴向流动路径呈大约30-50度的角度。在进一步的实施方式中，催化装置的上游面和下游面放置成与轴向流动路径大约成相同的角度。因为催化装置具有上游面，上游面放置成与轴向流动路径呈一个角度，该催化装置横截面典型地不为正方形或长方形。在一些实施方式中，催化装置横截面为梯形或者平行四边形。
在所披露的设备和***中，注入器可放置成与轴向流动路径不平行或不垂直的角度。在一些实施方式中，注入器放置成与轴向流动路径呈大约20-70度的角度(优选与轴向流动路径呈大约30-50度的角度)。在进一步的实施方式中，注入器可被放置成与所述催化装置的上游面呈大约90度(±15度)的角度。
催化装置催化尿素水向氨的转化。催化装置可包括热解催化剂、水解催化剂，或者两种都包括(优选两种都包括)。装置可为整体式的(也就是，由单个的一块材料组成)，或者分段的(也就是，由两块或者更多块分离的材料组成，可选择地，被组合在一起)。在一些实施方式中，催化装置由热解催化剂组成并涂覆水解催化剂。
催化装置可包括上游部分和下游部分，其中上游部分包括热解催化剂，下游部分包括水解催化剂。上游部分和下游部分可为独立的部分，被邻接放置，且可选择地被组合。在一些实施方式中，上游部分和下游部分为独立的部分，横截面为平行四边形。在进一步的实施方式中，上游部分和下游部分为独立的部分，横截面为三角形、梯形、正方形、或者长方形，并被邻接放置以提供横截面为梯形或者横截面为平行四边形的催化装置。
催化装置可包含材料，材料包括但不限于：挤压材料、包装材料(例如，打褶的材料或波纹状材料(pleated or corrugated material))和分层材料。催化装置优选包含选自由整块挤压材料、复合陶瓷材料(例如，像在美国专利号6,582,490和6,444,006，其全文通过引用并入本文)、纤维材料和金属样材料(例如，流通的(flow-through)金属薄片及其类似物)组成的组的材料。优选地，催化装置可为可渗透的或多孔的。在所披露的设备和***中，催化装置可被废气加热(例如，被动地加到至少大约200℃或大约200-700℃或大约200-300℃的温度)或者被热源(例如，主动地被电加热源)加热以加速蒸发和分解并促进尿素向氨的水解。
催化装置可包括热解催化剂、水解催化剂，或者两者都包括(优选两者都包括)以将尿素转化成氨。催化装置可由可起热解催化剂、水解催化剂，或者同时起两者作用的材料制造。在一些实施方式中，催化装置用起热解催化剂、水解催化剂，或者同时起两者作用的材料涂覆。
热解催化剂包含在高温(例如，在至少大约200℃的温度)存在下催化尿素向氨(或向异氰酸)的转化的材料。合适的热解催化剂可包括但不限于具有相对较高热容的材料，如金属或金属合金。合适的金属和金属合金可包括但不限于铁或铁合金(例如，不锈钢)、铝或铝合金、和铜或铜合金。在一些实施方式中，热解催化剂可被不同的热解催化剂或水解催化剂涂覆。水解催化剂包含在水存在下催化尿素向氨转化(或者在水存在下异氰酸向氨的转化)的材料。合适的水解催化剂可包括但不限于金属和金属氧化物(例如，过渡金属或过渡金属氧化物，如钛、钯、铂、钒、铬、钼、镍，或者它们的氧化物)。
所披露的设备和***典型地包括用于将尿素水转化成氨的催化装置。所披露的设备和***还可包括SCR催化剂。SCR催化剂包含催化NOx向氮气和水转化的材料，或者被包含催化NOx向氮气和水转化的材料涂覆或者浸渍。SCR催化剂可包括但不限于活性炭、木炭或焦炭、沸石、氧化钒、氧化钨、氧化钛、氧化铁、氧化铜、氧化锰、氧化铬、贵金属如铂族金属像铂、钯、铑、铱和它们的组合。
本文披露的催化剂，包括热解催化剂、水解催化剂和SCR催化剂，可包含载体材料或可被安装在载体材料上。载体材料可包括但不限于陶瓷物质、沸石、均质的整块材料及金属和金属合金。所披露的催化装置可在SCR废气后处理***中被采用。SCR***在美国专利号6,449,947；6,601,385；6,722,123；和7,328,572中披露，专利内容全篇并入本文。
现在参考附图，图1显示现有技术的废气SCR***。废气从发动机62放出。泵64从罐26抽取尿素水溶液并通过阀66供应，阀66被控制器68控制，控制器68进而被发动机控制。发动机废气首先通过预氧化催化剂70后供应，然后与在72处注入到废气管74的尿素水溶液混合。混合物然后向下游流到水解催化剂76、SCR催化剂28和氧化催化剂30。外壳10在SCR催化剂28处具有给定横截面积，SCR催化剂28横穿废气的轴向流48。
图2是本文披露的SCR***的一个实施方式的剖视图。废气沿着轴向流动路径148进入***。尿素罐102通过注入器106注入尿素水溶液104。尿素水溶液沉积在梯形的可渗透的催化装置111的上游面108上。催化装置包含热解催化剂和水解催化剂。废气加热该催化装置，尿素水溶液被蒸发和加热以催化尿素向氨(或异氰酸，随后转化成氨)的转化。废气在下游面114离开催化装置。废气离开***之前，通过SCR催化剂116和废气催化剂118。
图3是本文披露的SCR***的另一个实施方式的剖视图。废气沿着轴向流动路径248进入***。尿素罐202通过注入器206注入尿素水溶液204。尿素水溶液沉积在催化装置的上游面208上，催化装置包含可渗透的热解催化剂210和可渗透的水解催化剂212。废气加热热解催化剂，尿素水溶液被蒸发和加热以催化尿素向氨(或异氰酸，随后转化成氨)的转化。废气通过热解催化剂210到水解催化剂212。水解催化剂包含催化尿素(或异氰酸)水解成氨的试剂，或被该试剂涂覆或浸渍。废气在下游面214离开水解催化剂。废气离开***之前，通过SCR催化剂216和废气催化剂218。
图4提供了本文披露的催化装置的4种实施方式(A，B，C，和D)的剖视图。在图4A中，催化装置302是整块的，横截面为梯形。该装置包括上游面304，当该装置被放在SCR***中时，上游面304被配置成用来接纳尿素水溶液并被配置以接纳废气。装置包括下游面306，当该装置被放在SCR***中时，下游面306被配置成废气离开下游面。图4B说明横截面为平行四边形的催化装置，催化装置包括独立的横截面为梯形的热解催化剂312和独立的横截面为梯形的水解催化剂314。热解催化剂312和水解催化剂314邻接放置，其中热解催化剂的下游面318与水解催化剂的上游面320邻接以构成催化装置。当该装置被放在SCR***中时，热解催化剂的上游面316被配置成用来接纳尿素水溶液并被配置成用来接纳废气。当该装置被放在SCR***中时，热解催化剂的下游面322被配置成废气离开下游面。图4C说明横截面为平行四边形的催化装置，催化装置包括独立的横截面为平行四边形的热解催化剂332和独立的横截面为平行四边形的水解催化剂334。热解催化剂332和水解催化剂334被邻接放置，其中热解催化剂的下游面338与水解催化剂的上游面340邻接以构成催化装置。当该装置被放在SCR***中时，热解催化剂的上游面336被配置成用于接纳尿素水溶液并被配置成用于接纳废气。当该装置被放在SCR***中时，水解催化剂的下游面342被配置成废气离开下游面。图4D说明横截面为平行四边形的催化装置，催化装置包括独立的横截面为三角形的热解催化剂352和独立的横截面为三角形的水解催化剂354。热解催化剂352和水解催化剂354邻接放置，其中热解催化剂的下游面358与水解催化剂的上游面360邻接以构成催化装置。当该装置被放在SCR***中时，热解催化剂的上游面356被配置成用于接纳尿素水溶液并被配置成用于接纳废气。当该装置被放在SCR***中时，水解催化剂的下游面362被配置成废气离开下游面。
图5提供了本文披露的SCR***的一个实施方式的一部分的剖视图。废气沿着轴向流动路径48进入和离开***。***包括催化装置，催化装置包含具有上游面154的热解催化剂150和具有下游面156的水解催化剂154。热解催化剂150和水解催化剂横截面为平行四边形。热解催化剂的上游面放置成与轴向流呈角度α(其中α为大约20-70度的角度，优选大约30-50度)。尿素水溶液通过注入器160引入到***。注入器放置成与轴向流呈β角度(其中β为大约20-70度的角度，优选大约30-50度)。尿素水溶液在热解催化剂150的上游面154上沉积。废气通过热解催化剂并进入水解催化剂，在下游面156离开水解催化剂。水解催化剂的下游面156放置成与轴向流呈γ角度(其中γ为大约20-70度的角度，优选大约30-50度)。角度α和γ可相同或不同。当角度α和γ相同时，催化装置横截面可为平行四边形。
图6提供了本文披露的SCR***的另一个实施方式的一部分的剖视图。图6的SCR***配置为与图5的SCR***相似。但是，在图6中，热解催化剂170和水解催化剂172横截面为三角形。
图7提供了本文披露的催化装置的一个实施方式的透视图。在图6中，热解催化剂180和水解催化剂182从侧面看具有管的形状，可通过以一个角度横切管状材料来形成。热解催化剂180和水解催化剂182可邻接放置以构成催化装置，其中热解催化剂184的下游面放置成与水解催化剂186的上游面邻接。因此形成的催化装置可具有管状和呈一定角度的上游面和下游面。
在上文的描述中，为简洁、清晰和理解而使用了某些术语。因为这些术语用于描述目的且意欲进行广泛地解释，所以这些术语并不包含超出现有技术需求的不必要的限制。本文描述的不同构造、***和方法步骤可单独使用或与其它构造、***和方法步骤组合使用。可预期的是各种各样的等同物、替换物和修改物是可能的。

Claims (18)

1.一种用于处理废气的设备，包括：
(a)外壳，所述外壳具有用于接纳所述废气的上游入口和用于排放所述废气的下游出口，所述外壳限定所述废气的轴向流动路径；
(b)注入器，所述注入器被配置以注入尿素溶液到所述废气中；
(c)用于将尿素转化成氨的可渗透的催化装置，所述催化装置放置在所述轴向流动路径中，位于所述注入器的下游，其中所述催化装置具有上游面，所述上游面放置成与所述轴向流动路径呈大约20-70度的角度，所述催化装置被配置以在所述上游面接纳源于所述注入器的所述尿素溶液；和
(d)用于在氨存在下将NOx转化成氮气和水的选择性催化反应器，其中所述选择性催化反应器放置在所述催化装置的下游。
2.如权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述上游面放置成与所述轴向流动路径呈大约30-50度的角度。
3.如权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述催化装置具有下游面，所述下游面放置成与所述的轴向流动路径呈直角。
4.如权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述催化装置横截面为梯形。
5.如权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述注入器放置成与所述轴向流动路径呈大约20-70度的角度。
6.如权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述注入器放置成与所述催化装置的所述上游面呈大约90±15度的角度。
7.如权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述催化装置包含热解催化剂。
8.如权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述催化装置包含水解催化剂。
9.如权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述催化装置包含热解催化剂和水解催化剂。
10.如权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述催化装置包含上游部分和下游部分，所述上游部分包含热解催化剂，所述下游部分包含水解催化剂。
11.如权利要求10所述的设备，其中所述上游部分和所述下游部分是独立的。
12.一种处理废气的方法，包含将废气通过如权利要求1所述的设备。
13.一种制造用于处理废气的设备的方法，包含：
(a)提供外壳，所述外壳具有用于接纳所述废气的上游入口和用于排放所述废气的下游出口，所述外壳限定所述废气的轴向流动路径；
(b)在所述外壳内放置用于将尿素溶液注入到所述废气的注入器；和
(c)在所述注入器的下游放置用于将尿素转化成氨的催化装置，所述催化装置具有上游面，所述上游面放置成与所述轴向流动路径呈大约20-70度的角度，所述催化装置被配置成在所述上游面接纳源于所述注入器的所述尿素溶液。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法，进一步包含：
(d)在所述催化装置的下游放置用于在氨存在下将NOx转化成氮气和水的选择性催化反应器。
15.一种用于将尿素转化成氨的可渗透的催化装置，包含独立的第一部分和独立的第二部分，所述第一部分包含热解催化剂，所述第二部分包含水解催化剂，其中所述第一部分和所述第二部分被放置成相互邻接以构成所述催化装置，所述催化装置为横截面为平行四边形和横截面为梯形中的一种。
16.一种用于处理废气的设备，包含：
(a)外壳，所述外壳具有用于接纳所述废气的上游入口和用于排放所述废气的下游出口，所述外壳限定所述废气的轴向流动路径；
(b)注入器，所述注入器被配置以注入尿素溶液到所述废气中；
(c)如权利要求15所述的催化装置，所述催化装置放置在所述注入器的下游；和
(d)用于在氨存在下将NOx转化成氮气和水的选择性催化反应器，所述选择性催化反应器放置在所述将尿素转化成氨的催化装置的下游。
17.一种制造用于将尿素转化成氨的可渗透的催化装置的方法，所述装置包含热解催化剂和水解催化剂，所述方法包含：
(a)制造所述装置的第一部分，其中所述第一部分包含所述热解催化剂并具有上游面和下游面；
(b)制造所述装置的第二部分，其中所述第二部分包含所述水解催化剂并具有上游面和下游面；和
(c)将所述第一部分的所述下游面放置成邻接所述第二部分的所述上游面，由此构成所述装置。
其中所述所制造的装置横截面为平行四边形或横截面为梯形。
18.如权利要求17所述的方法，进一步包含组合所述第一部分和所述第二部分。
CN200980133655.3A 2008-06-25 2009-04-16 用于将尿素转化成氨的催化装置 Active CN102132016B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/145,618 2008-06-25
US12/145,618 US8071037B2 (en) 2008-06-25 2008-06-25 Catalytic devices for converting urea to ammonia
PCT/US2009/040831 WO2010008645A1 (en) 2008-06-25 2009-04-16 Catalytic devices for converting urea to ammonia

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN102132016A true CN102132016A (zh) 2011-07-20
CN102132016B CN102132016B (zh) 2014-12-24

Family

ID=41447701

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN200980133655.3A Active CN102132016B (zh) 2008-06-25 2009-04-16 用于将尿素转化成氨的催化装置

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US8071037B2 (zh)
EP (2) EP2300697B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN102132016B (zh)
WO (1) WO2010008645A1 (zh)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102635427A (zh) * 2012-04-24 2012-08-15 吉林大学 一种分段式固体尿素分解制氨装置
CN106062333A (zh) * 2014-02-28 2016-10-26 托普索公司 用于清洁来自压燃式发动机的废气的方法
CN110073089A (zh) * 2016-12-21 2019-07-30 珀金斯发动机有限公司 用于选择性催化还原***的方法
CN110541746A (zh) * 2019-09-24 2019-12-06 河南科技大学 一种柴油机scr***及尿素喷雾混合装置
CN110841475A (zh) * 2019-12-12 2020-02-28 安徽海螺建材设计研究院有限责任公司 一种水泥窑scr脱硝***及其工艺流程

Families Citing this family (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006047019A1 (de) * 2006-10-02 2008-04-03 Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bereitstellung eines ein Reduktionsmittel umfassenden Gasstroms
US20100146948A1 (en) * 2008-12-17 2010-06-17 Caterpillar Inc. Exhaust system promoting decomposition of reductants into gaseous products
FR2956154B1 (fr) * 2010-02-05 2015-02-20 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Ligne d'echappement pour un moteur a combustion interne
KR101177026B1 (ko) * 2010-02-18 2012-08-27 임인권 매연저감장치 및 매연저감방법
KR101631149B1 (ko) 2010-04-21 2016-06-20 희성촉매 주식회사 암모니아 분해 모듈을 가지는 디젤엔진 배기가스 배출장치
US8549838B2 (en) 2010-10-19 2013-10-08 Cummins Inc. System, method, and apparatus for enhancing aftertreatment regeneration in a hybrid power system
US8833496B2 (en) 2010-12-20 2014-09-16 Cummins Inc. System, method, and apparatus for battery pack thermal management
US8742701B2 (en) 2010-12-20 2014-06-03 Cummins Inc. System, method, and apparatus for integrated hybrid power system thermal management
US8473177B2 (en) 2010-12-31 2013-06-25 Cummins, Inc. Apparatuses, methods, and systems for thermal management of hybrid vehicle SCR aftertreatment
US9096207B2 (en) 2010-12-31 2015-08-04 Cummins Inc. Hybrid vehicle powertrain cooling system
US9043060B2 (en) 2010-12-31 2015-05-26 Cummins Inc. Methods, systems, and apparatuses for driveline load management
CN117048579A (zh) 2011-01-13 2023-11-14 卡明斯公司 用于控制混合动力传动系中的功率输出分布的***、方法和装置
CN102240506B (zh) * 2011-05-25 2013-02-27 上海龙净环保科技工程有限公司 模块化scr脱硝整流格栅装置
WO2013004634A2 (de) 2011-07-01 2013-01-10 Alzchem Ag Ammoniakgasgenerator zur erzeugung von ammoniak zur reduzierung von stickoxiden in abgasen
US8951492B2 (en) * 2012-04-25 2015-02-10 Fuel Tech, Inc. Ammonia gas generation from urea for low temperature process requirements
CN104271910A (zh) 2012-05-03 2015-01-07 斯堪尼亚商用车有限公司 废气后处理***及与该***相关的方法
US20140090374A1 (en) * 2012-10-03 2014-04-03 Caterpollar Inc. Exhaust aftertreatment system and method
US8747788B1 (en) 2013-01-25 2014-06-10 Caterpillar Inc. Aftertreatment module having angled catalyst bank
FR3003184B1 (fr) * 2013-03-18 2016-12-09 Inergy Automotive Systems Res (Societe Anonyme) Systeme de depollution par reduction catalytique selective
GB2564333B (en) 2015-06-28 2019-12-04 Johnson Matthey Plc Catalytic wall-flow filter having a membrane
EP3385516A1 (en) 2017-04-07 2018-10-10 Perkins Engines Company Limited Scr system and methodè
US10975879B2 (en) 2018-07-18 2021-04-13 The Charles Machine Works, Inc. Centrifugal fan
WO2020097008A1 (en) 2018-11-06 2020-05-14 Cummins Emission Solutions Inc. Systems and methods for reducing reductant deposit formation in a decomposition reactor of an exhaust gas aftertreatment system for an internal combustion engine
CN110645584A (zh) * 2019-11-26 2020-01-03 山东中航天业科技有限公司 一种全工况烟气脱硝***

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5330728A (en) * 1992-11-13 1994-07-19 General Motors Corporation Catalytic converter with angled inlet face
DE19913462A1 (de) * 1999-03-25 2000-09-28 Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag Verfahren zur thermischen Hydrolyse und Dosierung von Harnstoff bzw. wässriger Harnstofflösung in einem Reaktor
US20020116916A1 (en) * 1997-09-18 2002-08-29 Lothar Hofmann Expanded grid static mixer
CN1370092A (zh) * 1999-08-17 2002-09-18 排放技术有限公司 用于在内燃机的废气中减少氮的氧化物成份的装置
US20030213234A1 (en) * 2002-05-07 2003-11-20 Werner Funk Emission control system
CN1756897A (zh) * 2003-12-25 2006-04-05 丰田自动车株式会社 用于净化排气的装置
US20070051097A1 (en) * 2005-09-02 2007-03-08 Emitec Gesellschaft Fur Emissionstechnologie Mbh Method and apparatus for adding a reactant to an exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine
WO2007131785A1 (de) * 2006-05-16 2007-11-22 Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zur aufbereitung des abgases einer verbrennungskraftmaschine

Family Cites Families (96)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3656915A (en) * 1970-04-30 1972-04-18 Chemical Construction Corp Catalytic exhaust gas treatment apparatus
US4723988A (en) * 1984-06-11 1988-02-09 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Herbicidal thiophenesulfonamides
US4684393A (en) 1984-06-11 1987-08-04 E. I. Dupont De Nemours And Company Herbicidal thiophenesulfonamides
US5441713A (en) 1988-04-29 1995-08-15 Nalco Fuel Tech Hardness suppression in urea solutions
US4929586A (en) * 1988-06-09 1990-05-29 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Catalysts for selective catalytic reduction DeNOx technology
US5281403B1 (en) 1991-09-27 1996-06-11 Noell Inc Method for converting urea to ammonia
CA2088713C (en) * 1992-02-24 1999-11-16 Hans Thomas Hug Cleaning exhaust gases from combustion installations
US5310714A (en) * 1992-07-08 1994-05-10 Mobil Oil Corp. Synthesis of zeolite films bonded to substrates, structures and uses thereof
US5316661A (en) 1992-07-08 1994-05-31 Mobil Oil Corporation Processes for converting feedstock organic compounds
US5300270A (en) * 1992-08-20 1994-04-05 Wahlco Environmental Systems, Inc. Hot-side electrostatic precipitator
US5370849A (en) 1992-10-29 1994-12-06 The Regents Of The University Of California Metal chelate process to remove pollutants from fluids
US5308810A (en) * 1992-12-28 1994-05-03 Atlantic Richfield Company Method for treating contaminated catalyst
US5849818A (en) 1993-06-03 1998-12-15 Walles; Wilhelm E. Skin sulfonated particles in matrices
DE4334071C1 (de) 1993-10-06 1995-02-09 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Verminderung der Stickoxidkonzentration im Abgas einer Brennkraftmaschine oder einer Verbrennungsanlage
EP0652435A3 (de) 1993-11-04 1996-11-20 Siemens Ag Sensor zur Bestimmung des Verlaufs der Konzentration.
US5886177A (en) * 1994-01-11 1999-03-23 Isis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Phosphate linked oligomers
US5547650A (en) 1994-03-24 1996-08-20 The Regents Of The University Of California Process for removal of oxides of nitrogen
EP0693557A3 (en) 1994-07-19 1996-06-05 Mitsubishi Chem Corp Process for the production of fumaric acid
US5658545A (en) 1995-03-29 1997-08-19 The Regents Of California Metal regeneration of iron chelates in nitric oxide scrubbing
DE69700831T2 (de) 1996-01-31 2000-05-18 Eastman Chem Co Polyester/acryl hybridlatex mit einer kleinen teilchengrösse
TW329395B (en) 1996-02-12 1998-04-11 Siemens Ag Installation and method for decomposing nitrogen oxide in a gas-flow
US6038854A (en) * 1996-08-19 2000-03-21 The Regents Of The University Of California Plasma regenerated particulate trap and NOx reduction system
US5891409A (en) * 1996-08-19 1999-04-06 The Regents Of The University Of California Pre-converted nitric oxide gas in catalytic reduction system
US5711147A (en) * 1996-08-19 1998-01-27 The Regents Of The University Of California Plasma-assisted catalytic reduction system
US5809774A (en) 1996-11-19 1998-09-22 Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc. System for fueling and feeding chemicals to internal combustion engines for NOx reduction
US6548512B1 (en) * 1996-12-23 2003-04-15 Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharma Company Nitrogen containing heteroaromatics as factor Xa inhibitors
US6187797B1 (en) * 1996-12-23 2001-02-13 Dupont Pharmaceuticals Company Phenyl-isoxazoles as factor XA Inhibitors
US6361754B1 (en) * 1997-03-27 2002-03-26 Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc. Reducing no emissions from an engine by on-demand generation of ammonia for selective catalytic reduction
US6891138B2 (en) * 1997-04-04 2005-05-10 Robert C. Dalton Electromagnetic susceptors with coatings for artificial dielectric systems and devices
US6888116B2 (en) * 1997-04-04 2005-05-03 Robert C. Dalton Field concentrators for artificial dielectric systems and devices
US5968464A (en) * 1997-05-12 1999-10-19 Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc. Urea pyrolysis chamber and process for reducing lean-burn engine NOx emissions by selective catalytic reduction
US6972197B1 (en) 1999-03-18 2005-12-06 The University Of Chicago Plant chromosome compositions and methods
US5998424A (en) 1997-06-19 1999-12-07 Dupont Pharmaceuticals Company Inhibitors of factor Xa with a neutral P1 specificity group
US7060458B1 (en) 1997-08-14 2006-06-13 Wyeth Nucleic acid and amino acid sequences relating to Staphylococcus epidermidis for diagnostics and therapeutics
US6120580A (en) 1998-04-15 2000-09-19 Hera, Llc Method for testing systems designed for NOx reduction in the combustion of carbonaceous fuels
GB9808876D0 (en) * 1998-04-28 1998-06-24 Johnson Matthey Plc Combatting air pollution
US6282371B1 (en) 1998-07-02 2001-08-28 Richard J. Martin Devices for reducing emissions, and methods for same
JP2000041684A (ja) 1998-07-29 2000-02-15 Daicel Chem Ind Ltd 新規なｄ−アミノアシラーゼおよびその製造方法、並びに該ｄ−アミノアシラーゼを利用したｄ−アミノ酸の製造方法
US6267864B1 (en) 1998-09-14 2001-07-31 Nanomaterials Research Corporation Field assisted transformation of chemical and material compositions
US6531704B2 (en) * 1998-09-14 2003-03-11 Nanoproducts Corporation Nanotechnology for engineering the performance of substances
US6214195B1 (en) * 1998-09-14 2001-04-10 Nanomaterials Research Corporation Method and device for transforming chemical compositions
WO2000021647A1 (en) * 1998-10-12 2000-04-20 Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company Process and apparatus for treating combustion exhaust gas
US6093380A (en) 1998-10-16 2000-07-25 Siirtec Nigi, S.P.A. Method and apparatus for pollution control in exhaust gas streams from fossil fuel burning facilities
DE19861198B4 (de) * 1998-11-11 2004-04-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Sensor für die Untersuchung von Abgasen und Untersuchungsverfahren
US6182443B1 (en) * 1999-02-09 2001-02-06 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Method for converting exhaust gases from a diesel engine using nitrogen oxide absorbent
US6197268B1 (en) * 1999-07-02 2001-03-06 The Boc Group, Inc. Reduction of toxic substances in waste gas emissions
DE19931007C2 (de) 1999-07-06 2001-10-18 Daimler Chrysler Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung des Speicherzustands eines ammoniakspeichernden SCR-Katalysators
US6468489B1 (en) 1999-08-10 2002-10-22 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Apparatus and method for decreasing contaminants present in a gas stream
US6314722B1 (en) 1999-10-06 2001-11-13 Matros Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for emission control
US6264905B1 (en) 1999-10-12 2001-07-24 Hera, Llc Method and apparatus for reducing “ammonia slip” in SCR and/or SNCR NOX removal applications
ES2278639T3 (es) 1999-10-15 2007-08-16 Abb Lummus Global Inc. Conversion de oxidos de nitrogeno en presencia de un catalizador soportado por una estructura de tipo malla.
US6311484B1 (en) 2000-02-22 2001-11-06 Engelhard Corporation System for reducing NOx transient emission
US7052532B1 (en) * 2000-03-09 2006-05-30 3M Innovative Properties Company High temperature nanofilter, system and method
US6582490B2 (en) 2000-05-18 2003-06-24 Fleetguard, Inc. Pre-form for exhaust aftertreatment control filter
US6444006B1 (en) 2000-05-18 2002-09-03 Fleetguard, Inc. High temperature composite ceramic filter
US6715548B2 (en) * 2000-04-24 2004-04-06 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to produce nitrogen containing formation fluids
AU773413B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-05-27 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. A method for sequestering a fluid within a hydrocarbon containing formation
US7011154B2 (en) * 2000-04-24 2006-03-14 Shell Oil Company In situ recovery from a kerogen and liquid hydrocarbon containing formation
US6715546B2 (en) * 2000-04-24 2004-04-06 Shell Oil Company In situ production of synthesis gas from a hydrocarbon containing formation through a heat source wellbore
US6698515B2 (en) * 2000-04-24 2004-03-02 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation using a relatively slow heating rate
US6588504B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2003-07-08 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation to produce nitrogen and/or sulfur containing formation fluids
EP1339868A2 (en) 2000-06-23 2003-09-03 The University of Chicago Methods for isolating centromere dna
US6826906B2 (en) 2000-08-15 2004-12-07 Engelhard Corporation Exhaust system for enhanced reduction of nitrogen oxides and particulates from diesel engines
US6919047B1 (en) * 2000-10-10 2005-07-19 Corning Incorporated Reduction of nitrogen oxides in diesel exhaust gases and fuel injection system
US6835689B1 (en) 2000-10-10 2004-12-28 Corning Incorporated NH3 generation catalysts for lean-burn and diesel applications
US7829033B2 (en) 2003-07-03 2010-11-09 Fuel Tech, Inc. Selective catalytic reduction of NOx enabled by sidestream urea decomposition
US6670296B2 (en) 2001-01-11 2003-12-30 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Alumina/zeolite lean NOx catalyst
US6624113B2 (en) 2001-03-13 2003-09-23 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Alkali metal/alkaline earth lean NOx catalyst
US6455463B1 (en) 2001-03-13 2002-09-24 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Alkaline earth/transition metal lean NOx catalyst
US6864213B2 (en) * 2001-03-13 2005-03-08 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Alkaline earth / rare earth lean NOx catalyst
AU2002257221B2 (en) * 2001-04-24 2008-12-18 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. In situ recovery from a oil shale formation
US6782947B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2004-08-31 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a relatively impermeable formation to increase permeability of the formation
US7096942B1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2006-08-29 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a relatively permeable formation while controlling pressure
US6601385B2 (en) * 2001-10-17 2003-08-05 Fleetguard, Inc. Impactor for selective catalytic reduction system
US6722123B2 (en) * 2001-10-17 2004-04-20 Fleetguard, Inc. Exhaust aftertreatment device, including chemical mixing and acoustic effects
US6449947B1 (en) * 2001-10-17 2002-09-17 Fleetguard, Inc. Low pressure injection and turbulent mixing in selective catalytic reduction system
NZ532089A (en) * 2001-10-24 2005-09-30 Shell Int Research Installation and use of removable heaters in a hydrocarbon containing formation
US6786191B2 (en) 2001-11-30 2004-09-07 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Engine cylinder deactivation to improve vehicle interior heating and defrosting
DE10206028A1 (de) 2002-02-14 2003-08-28 Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak
US6712869B2 (en) * 2002-02-27 2004-03-30 Fleetguard, Inc. Exhaust aftertreatment device with flow diffuser
WO2003072915A1 (en) * 2002-02-28 2003-09-04 Csir Treatment of exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine
US7017389B2 (en) * 2002-04-20 2006-03-28 The Research Foundation Of Suny At Stony Brook Sensors including metal oxides selective for specific gases and methods for preparing same
US7060444B1 (en) 2002-09-13 2006-06-13 Curagen Corporation Zone 3 necrosis associated markers and method of use thereof
US6946013B2 (en) 2002-10-28 2005-09-20 Geo2 Technologies, Inc. Ceramic exhaust filter
US7040084B2 (en) * 2002-12-16 2006-05-09 General Motors Corporation Exhaust emission aftertreatment
US6979430B2 (en) 2002-12-18 2005-12-27 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation System and method for controlling NOx emissions from boilers combusting carbonaceous fuels without using external reagent
JP4262522B2 (ja) * 2003-05-28 2009-05-13 株式会社日立ハイテクノロジーズ エンジン用排気ガス処理装置および排気ガス処理方法
US6855303B1 (en) * 2003-06-19 2005-02-15 Sandia Corporation Method for selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides
DE10356000B4 (de) 2003-11-27 2006-01-12 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Schalldämpfer mit integriertem Katalysator
US7240484B2 (en) 2003-12-29 2007-07-10 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Exhaust treatment systems and methods for using the same
US6996975B2 (en) * 2004-06-25 2006-02-14 Eaton Corporation Multistage reductant injection strategy for slipless, high efficiency selective catalytic reduction
US7328572B2 (en) * 2006-02-23 2008-02-12 Fleetguard, Inc. Exhaust aftertreatment device with star-plugged turbulator
DE102006038288A1 (de) * 2006-08-16 2008-02-21 Man Nutzfahrzeuge Aktiengesellschaft Abgasnachbehandlungssystem
FR2906838B1 (fr) * 2006-10-09 2013-03-29 Renault Sas Ligne d'echappement munie d'un injecteur de carburant et de moyens d'homogeneisation des gaz brules.
US7814745B2 (en) * 2007-07-17 2010-10-19 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Approach for delivering a liquid reductant into an exhaust flow of a fuel burning engine
KR100999614B1 (ko) * 2007-12-14 2010-12-08 기아자동차주식회사 배기 가스 내의 질소산화물 저감 장치

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5330728A (en) * 1992-11-13 1994-07-19 General Motors Corporation Catalytic converter with angled inlet face
US20020116916A1 (en) * 1997-09-18 2002-08-29 Lothar Hofmann Expanded grid static mixer
DE19913462A1 (de) * 1999-03-25 2000-09-28 Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag Verfahren zur thermischen Hydrolyse und Dosierung von Harnstoff bzw. wässriger Harnstofflösung in einem Reaktor
CN1370092A (zh) * 1999-08-17 2002-09-18 排放技术有限公司 用于在内燃机的废气中减少氮的氧化物成份的装置
US20030213234A1 (en) * 2002-05-07 2003-11-20 Werner Funk Emission control system
CN1756897A (zh) * 2003-12-25 2006-04-05 丰田自动车株式会社 用于净化排气的装置
US20070051097A1 (en) * 2005-09-02 2007-03-08 Emitec Gesellschaft Fur Emissionstechnologie Mbh Method and apparatus for adding a reactant to an exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine
WO2007131785A1 (de) * 2006-05-16 2007-11-22 Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zur aufbereitung des abgases einer verbrennungskraftmaschine

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102635427A (zh) * 2012-04-24 2012-08-15 吉林大学 一种分段式固体尿素分解制氨装置
CN106062333A (zh) * 2014-02-28 2016-10-26 托普索公司 用于清洁来自压燃式发动机的废气的方法
CN106062333B (zh) * 2014-02-28 2021-11-09 优米科尔股份公司及两合公司 用于清洁来自压燃式发动机的废气的方法
CN110073089A (zh) * 2016-12-21 2019-07-30 珀金斯发动机有限公司 用于选择性催化还原***的方法
CN110073089B (zh) * 2016-12-21 2021-02-26 珀金斯发动机有限公司 用于选择性催化还原***的方法
CN110541746A (zh) * 2019-09-24 2019-12-06 河南科技大学 一种柴油机scr***及尿素喷雾混合装置
CN110541746B (zh) * 2019-09-24 2021-03-19 河南科技大学 一种柴油机scr***及尿素喷雾混合装置
CN110841475A (zh) * 2019-12-12 2020-02-28 安徽海螺建材设计研究院有限责任公司 一种水泥窑scr脱硝***及其工艺流程

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2300697A4 (en) 2014-07-30
EP2300697A1 (en) 2011-03-30
US8071037B2 (en) 2011-12-06
US20090324453A1 (en) 2009-12-31
WO2010008645A1 (en) 2010-01-21
EP2300697B1 (en) 2017-06-07
EP2907983B1 (en) 2016-12-14
EP2907983A1 (en) 2015-08-19
CN102132016B (zh) 2014-12-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN102132016B (zh) 用于将尿素转化成氨的催化装置
US8756923B2 (en) Mixing pipe for SCR mufflers
EP3102800B1 (en) Compact selective catalytic reduction system for nitrogen oxide reduction in the oxygen-rich exhaust of 500 to 4500 kw internal combustion engines
EP3137745B1 (en) Compact selective catalytic reduction system for nitrogen oxide reduction in the oxygen-rich exhaust of 500 to 4500 kw internal combustion engines
KR100999616B1 (ko) 배기 가스 내의 질소산화물 저감 장치
US20110146252A1 (en) Canister aftertreatment module
US9677440B2 (en) Aftertreatment system incorporating hydrolysis catalyst with particulate filtration and SCR
AU2007338356A1 (en) Method for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases of vehicles
CN103806989A (zh) 用于车辆的排放气体净化***
KR100999614B1 (ko) 배기 가스 내의 질소산화물 저감 장치
KR20080048769A (ko) 배기가스의 질소산화물 저감장치
KR101610061B1 (ko) 차량의 배기 가스 정화장치
CN114575978A (zh) 一种处理含氮氧化物气体的***及方法
KR20180096089A (ko) 디젤엔진 ＮＯｘ 저감장치

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant