CN102126942B - Method for synthesizing hypericin - Google Patents

Method for synthesizing hypericin Download PDF

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CN102126942B
CN102126942B CN 201010600246 CN201010600246A CN102126942B CN 102126942 B CN102126942 B CN 102126942B CN 201010600246 CN201010600246 CN 201010600246 CN 201010600246 A CN201010600246 A CN 201010600246A CN 102126942 B CN102126942 B CN 102126942B
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hypericin
reaction
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emodin anthrone
emodin
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CN102126942A (en
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刘明星
王小利
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Wuhan medical Polytron Technologies Inc
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Hubei University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for synthesizing hypericin. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) dissolving emodin and SnCl2.2H2O in glacial acetic acid, raising the temperature to 100-125 DEG C, adding concentrated hydrochloric acid with the concentration of between 36 percent and 40 percent for reaction of 1-3 hours and cooling to obtain emodin anthrone; (2) dissolving emodin anthrone and potassium tert-butoxide in DMF (Dimethyl Formamide), carrying out reaction in a microwave solid-liquid phase synthesis/extraction instrument for 30-90 minutes and cooling to obtain protohypericin; and (3) dissolving the protohypericin in acetone, irradiating with a halogen lamp for 15-24 hours, concentrating and precipitating to obtain the hypericin. The method has the advantages of easiness in operating, low cost, little pollution, high yield, high purity and the like.

Description

Method for synthesizing hypericin
Technical field
The invention belongs to the synthetic field of medicine, relate to the synthetic method of hypericin.
Background technology
Hypericin (hypericin), i.e. hypericin forms for the wounded in the battle herb of Garcinia maingayii Herba Hyperici perforati extracts through processing, and with strong points to virus functions such as influenzas, effect is remarkable.The multiple pharmacological effect such as that hypericin has is antiviral, antidepressant, calmness, antisepsis and anti-inflammation, wound convergence can suppress DNA, RNA viruses, and tumour cell is also had certain restraining effect.The multiple pharmacological effect of hypericin grows with each passing day its market demand.Because the content of hypericin in the Herba Hyperici perforati herb only has about 4/10000ths, at present, the content of hypericin in its extract that extracts from Herba Hyperici perforati both at home and abroad is no more than 1%, even if improve extraction process, the content of the hypericin of extract, separating neither be very high, but also can destroy a large amount of natural vegetations or take a large amount of arable lands.In order to enlarge the medicament sources of hypericin, improve the content of hypericin, only have by effective chemical synthesis process and realize this goal.
Chinese patent application CN1827574A discloses the chemical synthesis process of a kind of hypericin and derivative thereof.The method may further comprise the steps: 1) 1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methylanthraquinone is dissolved in the analytical pure glacial acetic acid, then adds and contain SnCl 22H 2The 36-40% concentrated hydrochloric acid of O be not higher than 125 ℃ of lower reactions 1-4 hour, and cooling obtains 1,3,8-trihydroxy--6-methyl anthrone; 2) with 1,3,8-trihydroxy--6-methyl anthrone and pyridine, piperidines, nitrogen oxy picolinate and FeSO 47H 2O is dissolved in acetone with reaction product again 100-130 ℃ of lower lucifuge reaction 0.5-3 hour, and is concentrated with halogen lamp irradiation 12-24 hour, uses n-hexane dissolution, and filtering-depositing obtains hypericin.The disclosed synthetic route of the document belongs to traditional synthetic reaction process, has long reaction time, and reacted constituent is complicated, and environmental pollution is large, the shortcomings such as the difficult purifying of troublesome poeration and product.
Summary of the invention
Shortcoming in view of the prior art of synthesizing hypericin exists the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of cost lower, and yield and productive rate are high relatively, the method for synthesizing hypericin that contaminate environment is few.
In order to realize purpose of the present invention, the contriver improves reaction conditions and method by lot of experiments, has explored a kind of method of effectively synthetic hypericin, and concrete technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of method for synthesizing hypericin comprises the step following steps:
(1) Schuttgelb is converted into emodin anthrone
Figure BDA0000039924900000021
(2) emodin anthrone is converted into former hypericin
Figure BDA0000039924900000022
(3) former hypericin is converted into hypericin
Figure BDA0000039924900000023
Described step (2) is under the condition of microwave, carries out the reaction of emodin anthrone catalyzing and condensing with potassium tert.-butoxide as catalyzer.
Above-mentioned method for synthesizing hypericin, wherein preferred steps (2) is: emodin anthrone and potassium tert.-butoxide are dissolved among the DMF, be combined at microwave solid-liquid/react in the abstraction instrument, cooling, separate obtaining former hypericin, wherein the mol ratio of emodin anthrone and potassium tert.-butoxide is 3-5: 0.5-0.7.Further preferred steps (2) is: emodin anthrone and potassium tert.-butoxide are dissolved among the DMF, be combined at microwave solid-liquid/react in the abstraction instrument, cooling separates obtaining former hypericin, and wherein the mol ratio of emodin anthrone and potassium tert.-butoxide is 3-5: 0.5-0.7; And the reaction of emodin anthrone catalyzing and condensing is with Ar 2Protection, microwave reaction power remains on 250-550W, and temperature of reaction is 130-150 ℃, and the reaction times is 30-90 minute.
Above-mentioned method for synthesizing hypericin, the product that the reaction of described step (2) catalyzing and condensing obtains needs through purification by silica gel column chromatography, and elutriant is that volume ratio is 4: 8: the sherwood oil of 2-0.3: ethyl acetate: methyl alcohol.
Above-mentioned any method for synthesizing hypericin, described step (1) is: with Schuttgelb and SnCl 22H 2O is dissolved in the glacial acetic acid, is warming up to 100-125 ℃, then adds concentrated hydrochloric acid in batches, keeps 100-125 ℃ of temperature of reaction, reaction 1-3 hour, and cooling separates obtaining emodin anthrone; Wherein Schuttgelb and SnCl 22H 2The mol ratio of O is 1: 3.5-5, glacial acetic acid and concentrated hydrochloric acid volume ratio are 5: 1-3.Further preferred steps (2) is: with Schuttgelb and SnCl 22H 2O is dissolved in the glacial acetic acid, is warming up to 100-125 ℃, then adds concentrated hydrochloric acid in batches, keeps 100-125 ℃ of temperature of reaction, reaction 1-3 hour, and cooling separates obtaining emodin anthrone; Wherein Schuttgelb and SnCl 22H 2The mol ratio of O is 1: 1.5-3.5, and glacial acetic acid and concentrated hydrochloric acid volume ratio are 5: 1-3; And in the whole reaction process with Ar 2Protection reaches 100-125 ℃ in temperature of reaction, and slowly adds concentrated hydrochloric acid when backflow phenomenon occurring in batches.
Above-mentioned any method for synthesizing hypericin, described step (3) is: after former hypericin is dissolved in acetone, halogen lamp irradiation 15-24 hour, concentrated, obtain hypericin; Wherein said former hypericin and acetone mol ratio are 0.5-0.7: 3-10.Further preferred steps (2) is: after former hypericin is dissolved in acetone, and Ar 2Protection, and with Ar 2Pass into below the liquid level, halogen lamp irradiation 15-24 hour, concentrated, obtain hypericin; Wherein said former hypericin and acetone mol ratio are 0.5-0.7: 3-10.
Compared with prior art, method for synthesizing hypericin of the present invention has following useful technique effect: the contriver is creatively take the condensation reaction of potassium tert.-butoxide as alkali catalyst catalysis emodin anthrone, so that the preparation hypericin is simple to operate, preparation cost is lower, yield and purity are higher relatively, low in the pollution of the environment, obtained comparatively desirable effect.
Embodiment
Below be specific embodiments of the invention, technical scheme of the present invention is done further the description, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.Every do not deviate from the change of the present invention design or be equal to substitute include within protection scope of the present invention.
Method therefor is ordinary method if no special instructions among the following embodiment.
The method synthetic hypericin of current series invention, specific examples may further comprise the steps:
(1) Schuttgelb is converted into emodin anthrone
Get Schuttgelb 2g (7.4mmol), add among the glacial acetic acid 120mL Ar 2The lower SnCl of adding is stirred in protection 22H 2O2.8g (12.4mmol) begins heating with mixture, and temperature of reaction reaches 115 ℃, begins to occur backflow phenomenon.About 110 ℃, dropwise add concentrated hydrochloric acid 48mL, finish back flow reaction 2h (TLC tracking).After placing cooling, filter with Büchner funnel, residue is washed till neutrality with deionized water, weighs after the vacuum-drying to obtain emodin anthrone 1.766mg, productive rate 93%.
When TLC follows the tracks of reaction mechanism, every half hour, draw 20 μ L reaction solutions, add an amount of dehydrated alcohol and make it dissolve fully, the preparation sample solution.Then accurately take by weighing emodin anthrone 1mg and add anhydrous alcohol solution, use the pipettor sucking-off, move in the 25mL volumetric flask, with absolute ethanol washing repeatedly, add dehydrated alcohol and be dissolved to 25mL, raw materials solution.With the reaction solution for preparing and emodin anthrone ethanolic soln point on thin layer chromatography board, select chloroform: the volume ratio of methyl alcohol be 3: 1 as developping agent, the variation of reactant yellow spotting and resultant fluorescence spot in the observing response system is judged the degree that reaction is carried out as index.
(2) emodin anthrone is converted into former hypericin
Get emodin anthrone 1.024g (4mmol) and 0.062g (0.55mmol) potassium tert.-butoxide is dissolved among the 40mL DMF (DMF), magnetic agitation is combined at microwave solid-liquid/react in the abstraction instrument, passes into Ar before the reaction 2, drain the air in the reaction flask.It is 145 ℃ that temperature of reaction is set, and reaction power is 450W, and the reaction times is 40mim, begins reaction.Treat its cool to room temperature after having reacted, add deionized water.Add 2mol hydrochloric acid, regulator solution pH value is 2, filters with Büchner funnel, and precipitation is extremely neutral with cold wash, vacuum-drying.Wash-out on the silica gel column chromatography post, elutriant (sherwood oil: ethyl acetate: methyl alcohol=4: 8: 0.9), obtain former hypericin 0.544mg, yield 53.9%
(3) former hypericin is converted into hypericin
After former hypericin 170mg (0.33mmol) is dissolved in 500mL acetone, Ar 2Protection, irradiation is 24 hours under 500 watts halogen lamp.After reaction was finished, the rotary evaporation solvent was to 5mL.Weigh after the vacuum-drying and obtain product.With above-mentioned products therefrom wash-out on the silica gel column chromatography post, elutriant (sherwood oil: ethyl acetate: methyl alcohol=4: 8: 0.5), obtain hypericin 150mg, yield 95%.(content is 〉=98.5%).

Claims (3)

1. method for synthesizing hypericin, comprise that step (1) is converted into emodin anthrone with Schuttgelb, (2) emodin anthrone is converted into former hypericin, (3) former hypericin is converted into hypericin, it is characterized in that: described step (2) is under the condition of microwave, carries out the reaction of emodin anthrone catalyzing and condensing with potassium tert.-butoxide as catalyzer; Described step (2) is that emodin anthrone and potassium tert.-butoxide are dissolved among the DMF, is combined at microwave solid-liquid/react in the abstraction instrument, and cooling separates obtaining former hypericin, and wherein the mol ratio of emodin anthrone and potassium tert.-butoxide is 3-5:0.5-0.7; The reaction of emodin anthrone catalyzing and condensing is with the Ar protection in the described step (2), and microwave reaction power remains on 250-550W, and temperature of reaction is 130-150 ℃, and the reaction times is 30-90 minute; The product that the reaction of described step (2) catalyzing and condensing obtains is through purification by silica gel column chromatography, and elutriant is that volume ratio is the sherwood oil of 4:8:2-0.3: ethyl acetate: methyl alcohol; Described step (1) is with Schuttgelb and SnCl 22H 2O is dissolved in the glacial acetic acid, is warming up to 100-125 ℃, then adds concentrated hydrochloric acid in batches, keeps 100-125 ℃ of temperature of reaction, reaction 1-3 hour, and cooling separates obtaining emodin anthrone; Wherein Schuttgelb and SnCl 22H 2The mol ratio of O is 1:3.5-5, and glacial acetic acid and concentrated hydrochloric acid volume ratio are 5:1-3; With Ar protection, reach 100-125 ℃ in temperature of reaction in the reaction process of described step (1), and slowly add concentrated hydrochloric acid when backflow phenomenon occurring in batches.
2. method for synthesizing hypericin as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step (3) is after former hypericin is dissolved in acetone, halogen lamp irradiation 15-24 hour is concentrated, obtains hypericin; Wherein said former hypericin and acetone mol ratio are 0.5-0.7:3-10.
3. method for synthesizing hypericin as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: after former hypericin is dissolved in acetone, and the Ar protection, and Ar passed into below the liquid level.
CN 201010600246 2010-12-22 2010-12-22 Method for synthesizing hypericin Expired - Fee Related CN102126942B (en)

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CN103274920B (en) * 2013-06-14 2014-12-17 西北农林科技大学 Efficient hypericin synthesizing method initiated by monochromatic light
CN108863741A (en) * 2017-05-11 2018-11-23 上海凯伟化工科技有限公司 A kind of synthetic method of hypericin
CN108084065B (en) * 2017-11-21 2020-06-16 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所 Hypericin derivative and preparation method and application thereof
CN111138262A (en) * 2020-01-13 2020-05-12 成都金石缘科技有限公司 Hypericin synthesis method

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CN1827574A (en) * 2006-04-19 2006-09-06 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所 Chemical synthesis process for hypericin and derivatives thereof

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CN1827574A (en) * 2006-04-19 2006-09-06 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所 Chemical synthesis process for hypericin and derivatives thereof

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