CN102125185B - Flaky sea cucumber compound feed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Flaky sea cucumber compound feed and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102125185B CN102125185B CN2011100220686A CN201110022068A CN102125185B CN 102125185 B CN102125185 B CN 102125185B CN 2011100220686 A CN2011100220686 A CN 2011100220686A CN 201110022068 A CN201110022068 A CN 201110022068A CN 102125185 B CN102125185 B CN 102125185B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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Abstract
The invention relates to aquaculture feed, in particular to flaky sea cucumber compound feed and a preparation method thereof. The flaky sea cucumber compound feed is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 55-65% of seawood meal, 7-15% of fish meal, 5-10% of bean pulp, 7-15% of scallop skirt (dry), 1-3% of vitamin, 1-3% of trace elements, 2-4% of adhesive and 3-8% of wheat meal. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) weighing the raw materials according to the mass percentage of each component; (2) mixing and crushing the weighted raw materials; (3) mixing and stirring with a mixer of which the coefficient of variation is less than or equal to 5%; (4) mixing and curing the mixed raw materials; (5) preparing flaky particles with an extrusion bulking machine; and (6) drying. In the invention, the prepared flaky sea cucumber compound feed has a scientific and reasonable formula and is prepared by a simple and convenient process; the fed bait entirely sinks to the water bottom and slowly disintegrates and can be completely eaten by sea cucumber without being lost with flowing seawater; the utilization rate of the feed is high; the feed is convenient to use; and the growth speed and survival rate of sea cucumber can be improved.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aquaculture feed, is a kind of flaky sea cucumber compound feed and manufacture method thereof specifically.
Two, background technology
Sea cucumber belongs to without vertebra software echinoderm, is a kind of famous and precious marine products treasure, has unique effects such as improve immunity of organisms, delay senility, spectrum is antitumor, is well received by consumers, and supply falls short of demand for product.Wild sea cucumber live in the cay stone riprap in seabed or the silt of bottom, shallow sea in, take seabed algae and planktonic organism, organic debris as food, because its digestive system is simple, absorbability is relatively poor and food resource is deficient, thereby growth cycle long, yield poorly, do not satisfy people far away to the demand of sea cucumber.The nutritive value of sea cucumber and the wilderness demand in market have expedited the emergence of sea cucumber and have propagated fast development already artificially, have started the fourth wave of China's mariculture industry.In the production of propagating sea cucumber artificially, the holothurian feed that people adopt is wild bait or the algae powder of splashing a small amount of in water and powdery, graininess artifical compound feed normally, this traditional feeding method exists the hypotrophy face, uses inconvenience, environmental pollution and wastes the shortcomings such as serious, because the proportion of various compositions and water-soluble different in algae powder and the mash feed, can make the negative nutrient laden that seawater is muddy, cause seawater, thereby cause the hydroplankton amount reproduction, destroy the growing environment of sea cucumber, thereby the sea cucumber speed of growth is slow and easily ill.Granular bait than great, sinking speed is very fast, water stability is poor, during nutriment is soluble in water, is difficult for by the sea cucumber full use.These defectives of tradition holothurian feed have restricted the rapid scale development of holothruian cultures industries.
Three, summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the deficiency that above-mentioned prior art exists, a kind of suitable outdoor breeding flaky sea cucumber compound feed and the manufacture method thereof that use in the zone are provided.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of flaky sea cucumber compound feed, it is characterized in that comprising following component, be respectively by the mass percent of each component: seawood meal 55-65%, fish meal 7-15%, dregs of beans 5-10%, scallop edge dry product 7-15%, vitamin 1-3%, micro-1-3%, adhesive 2-4%, wheat flour 3-8%.
Adhesive adopts the bonding premix of aquatic feeds.
Vitamin adopts the special-purpose vitamin of aquatic products, contains any one or a few sea cucumber growth, the required vitamin of development and fecundity in vitamin A, cholecalciferol, prokeyvit, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, the cobalamin;
Trace element adopts the special-purpose mineral substance premix of aquatic products.
In technical scheme of the present invention, described sea cucumber compound feed profile state is sheet.
The manufacture method of above-mentioned flaky sea cucumber compound feed is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1, the mass percent by each component takes by weighing various raw materials;
2, load weighted raw material is mixed and be crushed to more than 80 orders;
3, adopt the mixer mix and blend, the time is 60 to 90 seconds;
4, with mixed raw material by modulator heating, slaking: modulating time is 1.5-2min, and refining temperature is 75-80 ℃, and modulation moisture reaches 28-35%, and steam pressure satisfies 0.4-0.5MPa;
5, extruder is granulated: the granulation pore size of template is 5-7mm, and granulation thickness 1.0-2.0mm makes sheet;
6, oven dry: drying time is 15-20min, and temperature is 75-85 ℃.
The coefficient of variation of said mixer≤5%.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: scientific formulation of the present invention is reasonable; simple process; after the flaky sea cucumber compound feed that utilizes the present invention to produce is thrown something and fed; bait can arrive water-bed and slowly disintegration by bulk settling; mixed feed after the disintegration is ingested by sea cucumber easily comprehensively; but can not scatter and disappear with flowing of seawater, this physical characteristic can demonstrate fully lost less, the advantages such as efficiency of feed utilization is high, easy to use, protection of the environment of flaky sea cucumber compound feed nutrition.Because flaky sea cucumber compound feed comprehensive nutrition and can fully being ingested by sea cucumber, therefore, this invention achieves noticeable achievement to the speed of growth of raising sea cucumber, survival rate etc.
Four, the specific embodiment
Below provide the specific embodiment of the present invention, be used for formation of the present invention is further specified.
Embodiment 1
A kind of flaky sea cucumber compound feed, comprise following component, mass percent by each component is respectively: seawood meal 55%, fish meal 15%, dregs of beans 8%, scallop edge (dry product) 12%, vitamin 1%, trace element 1.5%, adhesive 2.5%, wheat flour 5%, the sea cucumber compound feed profile state is sheet, and adhesive adopts the bonding premix of aquatic feeds (present embodiment adopt be the bonding premix of the precious board aquatic products of the precious feed Sheng Chan De of limited company of Zhe Jiang Jing Jing).Vitamin adopts the special-purpose vitamin of aquatic products, contains vitamin A, cholecalciferol, prokeyvit, vitamin C, vitamin E.
The manufacture method of above-mentioned flaky sea cucumber compound feed:
Take 1000 kilograms of flaky sea cucumber compound feed of preparation as example
1), takes by weighing various raw material components: 550 kilograms of seawood meals, 150 kilograms of fish meal, 80 kilograms of dregs of beans, scallop edge (dry product) 120 kg, 10 kilograms of vitamins, 15 kilograms of trace elements, 25 kilograms in adhesive, 50 kilograms of wheat flours.
2), pulverize: more than load weighted raw material co-grinding to 80 order, powder is retained the standard screen oversize less than 5%.
3), mix: adopt the mixer mix and blend of the coefficient of variation≤5%, incorporation time is 60 seconds.
4), modulation, slaking: after will mixing raw material by modulator heating, slaking, modulating time 1.5-2min, refining temperature 75-80 ℃, modulation moisture reaches 28-35%, steam pressure satisfies 0.4-0.5MPa.
5), extruder is made sheet-like particle: the granulation pore size of template is 5mm, and granulation thickness 1.0mm makes sheet.
6), oven dry: bake out temperature is 75 ℃, and drying time is 15min.
Embodiment 2
A kind of flaky sea cucumber compound feed, comprise following component, mass percent by each component is respectively: seawood meal 60%, fish meal 10%, dregs of beans 8%, scallop edge (dry product) 10%, vitamin 2%, trace element 2%, adhesive 3%, wheat flour 5%, the sea cucumber compound feed profile state is sheet, and adhesive adopts the bonding premix of aquatic feeds (present embodiment adopt be the bonding premix of the precious board aquatic products of the precious feed Sheng Chan De of limited company of Zhe Jiang Jing Jing).Vitamin adopts the special-purpose vitamin of aquatic products, contains vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, cobalamin.
The manufacture method of above-mentioned flaky sea cucumber compound feed:
Take 1000 kilograms of flaky sea cucumber compound feed of preparation as example
1), takes by weighing various raw material components: 600 kilograms of seawood meals, 100 kilograms of fish meal, 80 kilograms of dregs of beans, 100 kilograms of scallop edges (dry product), 20 kilograms of vitamins, 20 kilograms of trace elements, 30 kilograms in adhesive, 50 kilograms of wheat flours.
2), pulverize: more than load weighted raw material co-grinding to 80 order, powder is retained the standard screen oversize less than 5%.
3), mix: adopt the mixer mix and blend of the coefficient of variation≤5%, incorporation time 90 seconds.
4), modulation, slaking: after will mixing raw material by modulator heating, slaking, modulating time 1.5-2min, refining temperature 75-80 ℃, modulation moisture reaches 28-35%, steam pressure satisfies 0.4-0.5MPa.
5), extruder is made sheet-like particle: the granulation pore size of template is 6mm, and granulation thickness 1.5mm makes sheet.
6), oven dry: bake out temperature is 80 ℃, and drying time is 18min.
Embodiment 3
A kind of flaky sea cucumber compound feed, comprise following component, mass percent by each component is respectively: seawood meal 63.5%, fish meal 8%, dregs of beans 10%, scallop edge (dry product) 10%, vitamin 1.5%, trace element 2%, adhesive 2%, wheat flour 3%, the sea cucumber compound feed profile state is sheet, and adhesive adopts the bonding premix of aquatic feeds (present embodiment adopt be the bonding premix of the precious board aquatic products of the precious feed Sheng Chan De of limited company of Zhe Jiang Jing Jing).Vitamin adopts the special-purpose vitamin of aquatic products, contains vitamin A, cholecalciferol, prokeyvit, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, cobalamin.
The manufacture method of above-mentioned flaky sea cucumber compound feed:
Take 1000 kilograms of flaky sea cucumber compound feed of preparation as example
1), takes by weighing various raw material components: 635 kilograms of seawood meals, 80 kilograms of fish meal, 100 kilograms of dregs of beans, 100 kilograms of scallop edges (dry product), 15 kilograms of vitamins, 20 kilograms of trace elements, 20 kilograms in adhesive, 30 kilograms of wheat flours.
2), pulverize: more than load weighted raw material co-grinding to 80 order, powder is retained the standard screen oversize less than 5%.
3), mix: adopt the mixer mix and blend of the coefficient of variation≤5%, incorporation time 70 seconds.
4), modulation, slaking: after will mixing raw material by modulator heating, slaking, modulating time 1.5-2min, refining temperature 75-80 ℃, modulation moisture reaches 28-35%, steam pressure satisfies 0.4-0.5MPa.
5), extruder is made sheet-like particle: the granulation pore size of template is 7mm, and granulation thickness 2.0mm makes sheet.
6), oven dry: bake out temperature is 85 ℃, and drying time is 20min.
Embodiment 4
A kind of flaky sea cucumber compound feed, comprise following component, mass percent by each component is respectively: seawood meal 55%, fish meal 7%, dregs of beans 5%, scallop edge (dry product) 15%, vitamin 3%, trace element 3%, adhesive 4%, wheat flour 8%, the sea cucumber compound feed profile state is sheet, and adhesive adopts the bonding premix of aquatic feeds (present embodiment adopt be the bonding premix of the precious board aquatic products of the precious feed Sheng Chan De of limited company of Zhe Jiang Jing Jing).Vitamin adopts the special-purpose vitamin of aquatic products, contains vitamin A, cholecalciferol, prokeyvit, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, cobalamin.
The manufacture method of above-mentioned flaky sea cucumber compound feed:
Take 1000 kilograms of flaky sea cucumber compound feed of preparation as example
1), takes by weighing various raw material components: 550 kilograms of seawood meals, 70 kilograms of fish meal, 50 kilograms of dregs of beans, 150 kilograms of scallop edges (dry product), 30 kilograms of vitamins, 30 kilograms of trace elements, 40 kilograms in adhesive, 80 kilograms of wheat flours.
2), pulverize: more than load weighted raw material co-grinding to 80 order, powder is retained the standard screen oversize less than 5%.
3), mix: adopt the mixer mix and blend of the coefficient of variation≤5%, incorporation time 80 seconds.
4), modulation, slaking: after will mixing raw material by modulator heating, slaking, modulating time 1.5-2min, refining temperature 75-80 ℃, modulation moisture reaches 28-35%, steam pressure satisfies 0.4-0.5MPa.
5), extruder is made sheet-like particle: the granulation pore size of template is 7mm, and granulation thickness 2.0mm makes sheet.
6), oven dry: bake out temperature is 85 ℃, and drying time is 20min.
Embodiment 5
A kind of flaky sea cucumber compound feed, comprise following component, mass percent by each component is respectively: seawood meal 65%, fish meal 7%, dregs of beans 5%, scallop edge (dry product) 7%, vitamin 3%, trace element 1%, adhesive 4%, wheat flour 8%, the sea cucumber compound feed profile state is sheet, and adhesive adopts the bonding premix of aquatic feeds (present embodiment adopt be the bonding premix of the precious board aquatic products of the precious feed Sheng Chan De of limited company of Zhe Jiang Jing Jing).Vitamin adopts the special-purpose vitamin of aquatic products, contains vitamin A, cholecalciferol, prokeyvit, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, cobalamin.
The manufacture method of above-mentioned flaky sea cucumber compound feed:
Take 1000 kilograms of flaky sea cucumber compound feed of preparation as example
1), takes by weighing various raw material components: 650 kilograms of seawood meals, 70 kilograms of fish meal, 50 kilograms of dregs of beans, 70 kilograms of scallop edges (dry product), 30 kilograms of vitamins, 10 kilograms of trace elements, 40 kilograms in adhesive, 80 kilograms of wheat flours.
2), pulverize: more than load weighted raw material co-grinding to 80 order, powder is retained the standard screen oversize less than 5%.
3), mix: adopt the mixer mix and blend of the coefficient of variation≤5%, incorporation time 70 seconds.
4), modulation, slaking: after will mixing raw material by modulator heating, slaking, modulating time 1.5-2min, refining temperature 75-80 ℃, modulation moisture reaches 28-35%, steam pressure satisfies 0.4-0.5MPa.
5), extruder is made sheet-like particle: the granulation pore size of template is 7mm, and granulation thickness 2.0mm makes sheet.
6), oven dry: bake out temperature is 85 ℃, and drying time is 20min.
Through the clinical testing more than 3 years; throw in about 1360 tons of flaky sea cucumber compound feed; after flaky sea cucumber compound feed is thrown something and fed; bait can arrive water-bed and slowly disintegration by bulk settling; mixed feed after the disintegration is ingested by sea cucumber easily comprehensively; but can not scatter and disappear with flowing of seawater; this physical characteristic can demonstrate fully flaky sea cucumber compound feed nutrition and scatter and disappear few; efficiency of feed utilization is high; easy to use; the advantages such as protection of the environment; ingesting of the sea cucumber of raising; growing state obviously is better than the sea cucumber of feeding powdery and granular bait; the sea cucumber bait throwing in quantity of cultivation same size reduces more than 50%, and the sea cucumber production capacity improves more than 60%.
On October 17th, 2007, in Dongying cultivation base, Shandong Prov. Marine Aquatic Product Inst: 4 take up an area 500 kilograms in sea cucumber seed throwing in respectively 30-40 head/kilogram in the about 17 mu sea cucumber pond of 20 mu, the water surface, two ponds wherein are according to the weather conditions 40 kilograms of flaky sea cucumber compound feed of throwing something and feeding every 3-5 days, in addition two ponds adopt namely throw something and feed weekly 2-3 ooze and fresh macro (sea-tangle, sargassum thunbergii etc.) of conventional feed patterns to grind the mixture of liquid, throw something and feed 40 kilograms at every turn.
On May 20th, 2008, throw something and feed two sea cucumber ponds of flaky sea cucumber compound feed gather in the crops respectively 6-10 head/kilogram and become 2250 kilograms, 2380 kilograms of ginsengs, survival rate surpasses 90%, and the average specification of sea cucumber in other two sea cucumber ponds is 16-24 head/kilogram, does not all reach the specification of commodity ginseng.Compare and adopt the conventional feed pattern in throw something and feed two sea cucumber ponds of flaky sea cucumber compound feed, namely throw something and feed ooze and fresh macro grind the mixture of liquid, and the speed of growth of sea cucumber, survival rate etc. achieve noticeable achievement.
Year December in March, 2006 to 2008, Hai Mao source, Jiaonan City aquatic farm: utilize flaky sea cucumber compound feed to carry out apostichopus japonicus culture, 150 mu of culturing stichopus japonicus areas, institute's culturing stichopus japonicus weight ratio is thrown something and fed stichopus japonicus weightening finish that algae powder and ooze bait feeds more than 20%, survival rate reaches 92%, 19000 kilograms of culturing sea cucumbers, 2,700,000 yuan of newly-increased profits taxes.The throw something and feed stichopus japonicus quality of algae powder and ooze cultivation of the stichopus japonicus quality that the flaky sea cucumber compound feed of throwing something and feeding is simultaneously fed increases, and yield improves 20%, and the culture-cycle shortens 50-65%.
2007 to 2009, Longhai City, Penglai City sea-farming Co., Ltd: adopt 120 mu of flaky sea cucumber compound feed culturing stichopus japonicus, algae powder and ooze bait are raised sea cucumber than throwing something and feeding, yield improves 22%, culture-cycle shortens 52-65%, survival rate reaches 93%, 2,600,000 yuan of new output values, 1,150,000 yuan of newly-increased profits taxes.
Claims (2)
1. flaky sea cucumber compound feed, it is characterized in that comprising following component, mass percent by each component is respectively: seawood meal 55-65%, fish meal 7-15%, dregs of beans 5-10%, dry product scallop edge 7-15%, vitamin 1-3%, micro-1-3%, adhesive 2-4%, wheat flour 3-8%, and the sea cucumber compound feed profile state is sheet;
Described adhesive adopts the bonding premix of aquatic feeds;
Described vitamin adopts the special-purpose vitamin of aquatic products, contains any one or a few sea cucumber growth, the required vitamin of development and fecundity in vitamin A, cholecalciferol, prokeyvit, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, the cobalamin;
Described trace element adopts the special-purpose mineral substance premix of aquatic products;
The manufacture method of flaky sea cucumber compound feed may further comprise the steps:
(1), the mass percent by each component takes by weighing various raw materials;
(2), pulverize: load weighted raw material is mixed and be crushed to more than 80 orders;
(3), mix: adopt the mixer mix and blend, incorporation time is 60 to 90 seconds;
(4), modulation, slaking: by modulator heating, slaking, modulating time is 1.5-2min with mixed raw material, and refining temperature is 75-80 ℃, and modulation moisture reaches 28-35%, and steam pressure satisfies 0.4-0.5MPa;
(5), extruder is granulated: the granulation pore size of template is 5-7mm, and granulation thickness 1.0-2.0mm makes sheet;
(6), oven dry: drying time is 15-20min, and temperature is 75-85 ℃, makes flaky sea cucumber compound feed.
2. according to the described a kind of flaky sea cucumber compound feed of claim 1, it is characterized in that the coefficient of variation of said mixer≤5%.
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| CN102125185B true CN102125185B (en) | 2013-02-13 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102273570B (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2012-10-03 | 山东省海洋水产研究所 | Sea cucumber feed prepared from alfalfa and preparation method thereof |
| CN102389052A (en) * | 2011-11-12 | 2012-03-28 | 山东省海洋水产研究所 | Special compound feed for platichthys stellatus pallas adult fish and preparation method thereof |
| CN102648735A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-08-29 | 曹金党 | Composite premix for sea cucumbers |
| CN103181500B (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2015-08-26 | 青岛农业大学 | Sea cucumber parent participation artifical compound feed and manufacture method thereof and using method |
| CN103156093B (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2014-09-10 | 厦门大学 | Compound vitamin preparation for cultivating stichopus japonicus in summer |
| CN105029040B (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2019-03-05 | 上海市水产研究所 | Bait matches feeding method under a kind of sea cucumber cage aquaculture model |
| CN114982879A (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-09-02 | 福州天凯生物科技有限责任公司 | Spirulina sea cucumber feed and preparation process thereof |
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