CN102124629B - Large diameter square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor and assembling method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A large diameter square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor and an assembling method thereof are provided. The number of magnetic poles 2P on a rotor core is 96. The number of slots Z in a stator core is 144. 144 teeth on the stator (2)are composed of 72 large teeth (6) and 72 small teeth. One insertion slot (11) is provided on each yoke between two adjacent large teeth (6). Each small tooth is formed by inserting an end part of each small tooth core (8) into one of the insertion slots (11). Each large tooth (6) has a circular electrical angle of 150 DEG to 234 DEG. Each small tooth together with two notches on its two sides has a circular electrical angle of 90 DEG to 6 DEG. The sum of electrical angles of one large tooth (6) and one small tooth is 240 DEG. Three-phase windings are wound on 72 large teeth (6) separately, and 24 concentrated windings are arranged at each phase. During assembling, firstly, the windings are wound on the large teeth (6) separately, and then the small teeth are embedded. The motor is convenient to wind the windings, and may be used as a servo motor or a wind generator.

Description

Large diameter square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor and assembly method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to the major diameter magneto, more particularly, relate to a kind of large diameter square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor and assembly method thereof.This motor can be used as motor, is used for directly driving, or position, speed SERVO CONTROL; This motor also can be used as wind-driven generator.

Background technology

Permanent magnet motor can be divided into sinusoidal wave and square wave two large classes according to drive current and counter potential waveform.Generally the sine wave permanent magnet motor is called permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), or is called the sine wave AC servomotor.Another kind of square wave permanent magnetic motor then is called square wave brushless DC motor (BLDCM).

Magneto is that the reversible motor that both can be used as also can be used as generator.Square Wave Permanent Magnet Generator exert oneself than the large pi/2 of sine wave permanent magnet generator namely 1.57 times.

During the eighties, the square wave permanent magnetic motor has obtained generally to use, external characteristic and the brush DC motors of square wave permanent magnetic motor are basic identical, control fairly simple, but its maximum shortcoming is to have larger principle commutation torque fluctuations, to this, the researcher has proposed multiple indemnifying measure, but practical application effect is undesirable.

Because the torque fluctuations of sine wave permanent magnet motor is then much smaller than the square wave permanent magnetic motor, during the nineties, drive the application scenario at elaborate servo, the square wave permanent magnetic motor is substituted by the sine wave permanent magnet motor gradually, has become the now main flow of commercial Application at present.Yet the sine wave permanent magnet motor can cause the control system complexity significantly to increase with cost significantly to be increased, and the more important thing is that the energy index of motor declines to a great extent.

On the other hand, traditional square wave brushless DC motor and control technology thereof are recognized ripe, because aforementioned drawback causes it to be limited at less demanding applications, both at home and abroad to its research seldom.

The desired electrical motivation should have that volume is little, moment is large and torque fluctuations is little, efficient is high and the characteristics such as cost is low.But in the real world, often can only take into account and to satisfy this theory comprehensively.When usually designing the high-performance servomotor, priority is motion control performance, power, size, efficient and price.Servomotor must overcome slot effect, has little location torque, torque fluctuations or velocity perturbation, can drive by continuous and stable under low speed, high-torque.

The reason of the torque fluctuations that produces is a lot.It is generally acknowledged, main cause is: the location torque that slot effect produces, the non-sine of air-gap field distributes and the three-phase current non-sine.The direct generation of slot effect and tooth, the location torque fluctuation that the groove number is relevant; The non-sine of air-gap field distributes and produces back-emf (MMF) harmonic wave and current harmonics generation harmonic torque; Therefore, the torque fluctuations of servomotor is made of: each location torque and harmonic torque.Its main harmonic number and the number of teeth, groove number, number of poles and multiplier, times multiplier, beat number are relevant mutually.

The large utmost point motor that the present invention relates to is named again concentrates winding electric machine, and it has the characteristics such as winding overhang is little, copper loss is little, simple in structure, production cost is low, and development is very fast in nearly ten years.Usually to be less than or equal to 1/2 motor be large pole motor or concentrated winding electric machine to the every extremely every phase groove of the definition value of counting q=S/ (2Pm), and wherein S is the groove number, and m is the number of phases, and P is number of pole-pairs.A large pole three-phase permanent magnetic brushless motor of 8 utmost points, 9 grooves as shown in Figure 1.4 N utmost points, 4 S interpolars are wherein arranged every arrangement, totally 8 utmost points; Correspondence is provided with 9 grooves, be equipped with in each groove adjacent two windings each half.For example the N utmost point of topmost is over against a tooth, and its left side is that A+ winding, right side are the A-windings.Wherein, the slot pitch electrical degree is:

After the anti-phase wiring be 20 °, breadth coefficient is:

$K_{d1}=\frac{\sin \left(\frac{3\×20}{2}\right)}{3\sin \frac{20}{2}}=0.960$

Pitch percent is:

$K_{p1}=\sin (\frac{8}{9}\×90)=0.985$

Winding coefficient:

K _w1＝K _d1K _p1＝0.946

Main location torque number of times:

K _C=the utmost point * groove/C=8 * 9/1=72

In the above-mentioned formula, C is the minimum common divisor of the utmost point, groove number.This number of times Kc is 8/72=1/9 with the ratio of number of poles, and namely the number of times of location torque is 9 times of first-harmonic.It is generally acknowledged that the amplitude of each location torque and the numerical value of number of times are inversely proportional to, or think that the amplitude of each location torque is not more than 1/9 of every phase first-harmonic moment.Therefore the design principle that cooperates of teeth groove is: require the number of times of low order location torque large as far as possible with respect to the number of times of first-harmonic moment.Teeth groove cooperates the stock utilization that also can affect motor, and namely winding coefficient requires winding coefficient near 1.

Winding coefficient and the location torque number of times of several " large utmost point motors "

	8 utmost points, 9 grooves	10 utmost points, 9 grooves	14 utmost points, 15 grooves	16 utmost points, 15 grooves	20 utmost points, 21 grooves	22 utmost points, 21 grooves
							Winding coefficient	0.945	0.945	0.957	0.957	0.953	0.953
Main location torque number of times	72	90	210	240	420	462
							Multiple with respect to first-harmonic moment	9	9	15	15	21	21

In the application for a patent for invention of publication number CN101030721A, the teeth groove coordinated scheme (for example: 21 grooves, 26 utmost points, 33 grooves, 38 utmost points or 40 utmost points) that the utmost point, groove numerical value do not have common divisor is disclosed.The publication number CN1856921A application for a patent for invention of the applicant Kollmorgen Corp ratio that discloses groove and magnetic pole is greater than 0.75 and less than 1.0 permanent magnet motor (for example: 36 grooves, 46 utmost points, 30 grooves, 38 utmost points) in addition.This class permanent magnet motor is to obtain sinusoidal pattern air-gap field and less location torque as target, unfortunately it is very limited that this class is only utilized the method effect of teeth groove cooperation, the location torque that its slot effect produces is still larger, generally can only reach (5～1) % level of rated moment.

Above-mentioned " large utmost point motor " obtains to use in different occasions.Yet the effect that merely cooperates to reduce location torque by teeth groove still can not be satisfied the requirement of servomotor.So produced again the method that further reduces in a large number location torque by the homogenizing air-gap reluctance, having comprised: 1) coreless permanent magnet motor; 2) slotless magneto; 3) the oblique utmost point of skewed stator slot or p-m rotor; 4) reduce stator rabbet; 5) permanent magnet surfaces top rake, sinusoidalization, non-uniform gap, permanent magnet short distance etc. cause the air-gap field sineization; 6) teeth groove of stator is not equally spaced; 7) stator adopts every extremely every phase fraction groove; 8) increase every utmost point groove number; 9) add air gaps; 10) reduce magnetic loading.

Said method has its pros and cons, for example: add the method for air gaps, reduction magnetic loading, employing coreless permanent magnet motor and slotless magneto, cause motor electromagnetic load and power density to descend, and cause the air-gap field sineization; Adopt skewed stator slot or the oblique utmost point of p-m rotor or stator to adopt every extremely every phase fraction groove method, production cost is improved, stock utilization descends, and causes the air-gap field sineization.Reducing stator rabbet makes the leakage field increase cause loss to become large.Adopt permanent magnet surfaces top rake, sinusoidalization, non-uniform gap, permanent magnet short distance etc. to cause the air-gap field sineization.Usually the purpose that adopts the teeth groove of stator not to be equally spaced also is so that the air-gap field sineization, and said method offset of sinusoidal ripple servomotor is traditional effective ways.But traditional method all is not suitable for the square wave servomotor.

Among the utility model patent ZL 200720070700.3, disclose a kind of low-fluctuation permanent magnetic brushless motor of not wide structure, wherein, the groove width that the facewidth of stator tooth is greater than or less than the facewidth of adjacent teeth or described stator slot is greater than or less than the groove width of adjacent slot; Perhaps the magnet pole widths of described rotor core is greater than or less than the width of adjacent pole or the spacing between described rotor core magnetic pole and is greater than or less than spacing between adjacent pole.Adopt in general the design of different big or small tooth (not wide tooth) stator core, may number of times and the amplitude of location torque be exerted an influence, it is improper to design, and will cause on the contrary larger location torque.This utility model patent is the additional not wide method of rotor core magnetic pole also, and its cost is that to have produced winding back emf asymmetric.This utility model patent also tooth inner surface of additional stator core is Eccentric method, and its cost also is that to have produced winding back emf asymmetric.Winding back emf is asymmetric to be critical defect for servomotor, and the target of this utility model patent is the lower small-power speed governing drive motors of performance.

Summary of the invention

The present invention will solve existing square wave permanent magnetic motor and the existing problem of sine wave permanent magnet motor, proposes a kind of new principle, new construction, high-performance, large utmost point square wave permanent magnetic motor cheaply.

Technical scheme of the present invention is, a kind of large diameter square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor is provided, is equipped with manyly to permanent magnet on the rotor core of described motor, three phase windings are housed in the groove of stator, it is characterized in that the number of magnetic poles 2P=96 on the described rotor core; Groove on the described stator core is counted Z=144, and 144 teeth should be arranged mutually, comprising 72 canine tooths, 72 little teeth; Described three phase windings are for concentrating winding, respectively on 72 canine tooths, every have 24 concentrated windings mutually, and the ordering of described concentrated winding and tooth is: A concentrates on winding → little tooth → canine tooth B to concentrate mutually that C concentrates winding → little tooth mutually on winding → little tooth → canine tooth mutually on the canine tooth, and the rest may be inferred; Wherein, comprise canine tooth iron core and 72 independently little tooth iron cores in the described stator core, yoke section between every adjacent two canine tooths is provided with one and is inserted into groove, have 72 and be inserted into groove, each described little tooth iron core be inserted at described canine tooth iron core by its afterbody one of them be inserted in the groove, and then form 72 little teeth.

In the preferred version of the present invention, the width of rebate of the groove on the described stator core between adjacent canine tooth and the little tooth is 0.1～3.0mm; Each canine tooth accounts for 150 °～234 ° of circumference electrical degrees, and each little tooth adds that its both sides notch accounts for 90 °～6 ° of circumference electrical degrees, and the electrical degree sum of a canine tooth and a little tooth equals 240 °.For further reducing location torque, preferred scheme is, each canine tooth accounts for 195 °～205 ° of circumference electrical degrees, and each little tooth adds that its both sides notch accounts for 45 °～35 ° of circumference electrical degrees.

In another preferred version of the present invention, the width of rebate of the groove on the described stator core between adjacent canine tooth and the little tooth is 0.1～3.0mm; In 72 canine tooths, 36 is the first canine tooth that accounts for 224 ° ± 2 ° of circumference electrical degrees, and 36 is the second canine tooth that accounts for 192 ° ± 2 ° of circumference electrical degrees in addition; Each little tooth adds that its both sides notch accounts for 32 ° ± 2 ° of circumference electrical degrees; Ordering between described each tooth is: the first canine tooth → little tooth → the second canine tooth → little tooth, and the rest may be inferred; And it is 480 ° that adjacent one group of first canine tooth, little tooth, the second canine tooth, little tooth account for circumference electrical degree sum.

Among the present invention, described canine tooth iron core can be the whole canine tooth iron core of integral type; Perhaps the monomer canine tooth iron core by 72 same structures forms, and mutually splices in the stator slot centerline of these two canine tooths between adjacent two monomer canine tooth iron cores.

Among the present invention, on the described rotor core each permanent magnet N, S magnetic pole alternately, described permanent magnet is the tile-shaped magnet steel of radial magnetizing or the tile-shaped magnet steel of parallel magnetization, described tile-shaped magnet steel is for waiting radius tile-shaped magnet steel or top rake tile-shaped magnet steel; Physics air gap between described stator and the rotor is for being 1～4mm; The pole span of the permanent magnet on the described rotor core is (1～0.8) * π D/4, and wherein D is rotor diameter; Wherein also comprise the rotor-position sensor of being made by hall position sensor, the magnetic susceptibility direction of described hall position sensor is consistent with the rotor normal direction, be installed on the stator support, and and the rotor permanent magnet cylindrical between keep the air gap of 1～3mm.

Among the present invention, draw again after 24 concentrated windings that belong to same phase can being connected successively by circumferential order, form one group of A-A ', B-B ', C-C ' three phase windings.Also can be with 24 of belonging to same phase concentrated winding in twos and be unified into 12 unit in parallel first, draw after the series connection successively again, form one group of A-A ', B-B ', C-C ' three phase windings.Also 24 concentrated windings that belong to same phase can be drawn separately respectively, form 24 groups of A-A ', B-B ', C-C ' three phase windings.

The present invention also provides a kind of assembly method for aforementioned motor, wherein, when described canine tooth iron core is the whole canine tooth iron core of integral type, after making described canine tooth iron core, first canine tooth being done insulation processes, concentrate winding with coil winding machine coiling on 72 canine tooths again, 72 that then 72 described little tooth iron cores are embedded respectively described canine tooth iron core are inserted in the groove, namely consist of every stator core that has mutually 24 concentrated windings.

The present invention also provides a kind of another assembly method for aforementioned motor, wherein, when described canine tooth iron core is comprised of 72 monomer canine tooth iron cores, respectively each monomer canine tooth iron core being done insulation first processes, again with coil winding machine respectively on each monomer canine tooth iron core coiling concentrate winding, and then the order of 72 monomer canine tooth iron cores and three little tooth iron cores being pressed A phase monomer canine tooth iron core → little tooth iron core → B phase monomer canine tooth iron core → little tooth iron core → C phase monomer canine tooth iron core → little tooth iron core, successively assembling consists of the stator core with 72 concentrated windings.

By such scheme as can be known, the little tooth among the present invention is damascene structures, does not fill first little tooth, and slot milling makes concentrates the coiling of winding very convenient, even the machine automatic winding also can guarantee the copper factor more than 85%.During as motor, it exerts oneself larger 33% than traditional sine wave permanent magnet servomotor, and winding overhang is less more than 3 times than traditional sine wave permanent magnet servomotor, so copper loss significantly reduces.When this motor adopts the three-phase square wave current drives, can produce stably moment, its torque fluctuations index is suitable with the sine wave permanent magnet servomotor.Motor of the present invention is specially adapted to large-scale wind driven generator, because every have 24 concentrated windings mutually, be equivalent to have that 24 phase places are identical with amplitude, three-phase brushless permanent-magnet generator independently separately, so same motor can be realized different rotating speeds, different capacity capacity by concentrating the connection in series-parallel of winding.

Description of drawings

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, in the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is the stator and rotor cross-sectional view of 8 utmost points, 9 groove motors of the prior art;

Fig. 2 A is the stator and rotor deployed configuration schematic diagram of motor in a preferred embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 B is the stator and rotor deployed configuration schematic diagram of motor when first, second two kinds of canine tooths are arranged among another embodiment;

Fig. 3 is motor general assembly structural representation in a preferred embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 4 A is stator tooth, the angle of the v-groove distribution schematic diagram in Fig. 2 A illustrated embodiment;

Fig. 4 B is stator tooth, the angle of the v-groove distribution schematic diagram in Fig. 2 B illustrated embodiment;

Fig. 5 A is the display structure schematic diagram of the whole canine tooth iron core of integral type;

Fig. 5 B is the structural representation of little tooth iron core;

Fig. 5 C is the whole canine tooth iron core of integral type and the fit structure schematic diagram of a plurality of little tooth iron cores;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation by another embodiment sectional type stator core;

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of in the one embodiment of the invention the first in twos parallel connection of 24 concentrated windings being connected successively again.

Embodiment

Fig. 3 shows total assembling structure of motor in a preferred embodiment of the invention, and the critical piece of this motor comprises rotating shaft 30, rotor 1, stator 2 etc., and the physics air gap 5 between rotor 1 and the stator 2 is 1～4mm.Wherein adopt hall position sensor as rotor-position sensor, the magnetic susceptibility direction of hall position sensor is consistent with the rotor normal direction, be installed on the stator support 20, and and rotor magnetic steel (being permanent magnet) cylindrical between keep the air gap of 1～3mm.

In the present embodiment, number of magnetic poles is 2P=96, and groove is counted Z=144, stator core external diameter 1600mm, internal diameter 1400mm, physics air gap 3mm, the pole span 44mm of permanent magnet, this motor rated speed 200rpm, rated power 500KW, rated moment is that the 23800Nm location torque is less than 4Nm.

Because this motor teeth groove number is more, for the fit structure between the parts such as tooth, groove, magnetic pole, if be drawn as with corresponding circular ring structure in kind and can't know demonstration, so be drawn as expansion structure shown in Figure 2 here, has launched respectively stator 2 inner rings, rotor 1 outer ring that namely are equivalent to circular ring structure.Wherein, at rotor core 48 pairs of 96 permanent magnets are housed, i.e. 96 magnetic poles, they by N, S shown in Figure 2 alternately, to produce air-gap field.During implementation, permanent magnet can be the tile-shaped magnet steel of radial magnetizing or the tile-shaped magnet steel of parallel magnetization.The pole span of the permanent magnet on the rotor core is (1～0.8) * π D/4, and wherein D is rotor diameter.

Simultaneously, the groove of stator core is counted Z=144, to 144 grooves, 144 teeth should be arranged; Shown in Fig. 5 C, the width of the notch of stator slot 4 (being the gap between adjacent canine tooth and the little tooth bottom) is 0.1～3mm; Comprise 72 canine tooths, 72 little teeth in 144 teeth, and the order circulation by canine tooth → little tooth → canine tooth → little tooth is arranged in circumference.

In the present embodiment, three phase windings are for concentrating winding, use respectively on the direct canine tooth after insulation processing of coil winding machine (stator is concentrated the winding coil winding machine), concentrate the ordering of winding and tooth to be: A concentrates on winding → little tooth → canine tooth B to concentrate mutually that C concentrates winding → little tooth mutually on winding → little tooth → canine tooth mutually on the canine tooth, and the rest may be inferred; As seen, this motor has 72 concentrated windings, and every in A, B, the C three-phase have 24 concentrated windings mutually.

As can be seen from Figure 4A, each canine tooth accounts for 150 °～234 ° of circumference electrical degrees, and each little tooth adds that its both sides notch accounts for 90 °～6 ° of circumference electrical degrees, and the electrical degree sum of a canine tooth and a little tooth equals 240 °.For further reducing location torque, each canine tooth preferably accounts for 195 °～205 ° of circumference electrical degrees, and each little tooth adds that its both sides notch preferably accounts for 45 °～35 ° of circumference electrical degrees.

As can be seen from Figure 4B, among another embodiment, in 72 canine tooths, 36 is the first canine tooth that accounts for 224 ° ± 2 ° of circumference electrical degrees, and 36 is the second canine tooth that accounts for 192 ° ± 2 ° of circumference electrical degrees in addition; Each little tooth adds that its both sides notch accounts for 32 ° ± 2 ° of circumference electrical degrees; Ordering between described each tooth is: the first canine tooth → little tooth → the second canine tooth → little tooth → the first canine tooth → little tooth → the second canine tooth → little tooth, and the rest may be inferred; And it is 480 ° that adjacent one group of first canine tooth, little tooth, the second canine tooth, little tooth account for circumference electrical degree sum.

Shown in Fig. 5 A, Fig. 5 B, Fig. 5 C, stator core wherein comprises whole canine tooth iron core 9 and 72 little tooth iron cores 8 of an integral type; Be provided with 72 canine tooths 6 at the canine tooth iron core, the yoke section between adjacent two canine tooths respectively is provided with one and is inserted into groove 11, has 72 and is inserted into groove; Each little tooth iron core 8 be inserted at canine tooth iron core 9 by its afterbody one of them be inserted in the groove 11.

During implementation, canine tooth iron core 9 is comprised of multilayer canine tooth silicon steel sheet, and the yoke section of every one deck canine tooth silicon steel sheet and tooth section are provided with location blind hole 12, and multilayer canine tooth silicon steel sheet becomes overall structure by these blind hole rivetings.Equally, each little tooth iron core 8 is comprised of the little tooth silicon steel sheet of multilayer; Also be provided with location blind hole 12 on the little tooth silicon steel sheet 10 of every one deck, the little tooth silicon steel sheet of multilayer becomes overall structure by these blind hole rivetings.In the present embodiment, canine tooth iron core 9 has the identical silicon steel sheet number of plies with each little tooth iron core 8.

As can be seen from Figure 5A, wherein the groove 11 of being inserted into is inner large, swallowtail-shaped structure that oral area is little; Correspondingly, the afterbody of each little tooth iron core 8 also is swallowtail-shaped structure among Fig. 5 B, can be just in time be inserted into groove 11 interlocks.

During concrete assembling, whole canine tooth iron core for this integral type, after making the canine tooth iron core, first canine tooth being done insulation processes, concentrate winding with coil winding machine coiling on 72 canine tooths again, then 72 that 72 described little tooth iron cores are embedded respectively described canine tooth iron core are inserted in the groove, namely consist of every stator core that has mutually 24 concentrated windings.

In order to make coiling convenient, in the embodiment shown in fig. 6, to have the whole canine tooth iron core 9 of 72 canine tooths take the stator slot center line between adjacent two canine tooths (being each center line that is inserted into groove) as benchmark is cut into 72 parts, become 72 monomer canine tooth iron cores.During assembling, respectively these 72 monomer canine tooth iron cores being done insulation processes, again with coil winding machine respectively on 72 monomer canine tooth iron cores coiling concentrate winding, then with 72 coiling canine tooth iron core and 72 little tooth iron cores of concentrated winding, press the order of A phase monomer canine tooth iron core → little tooth iron core → B phase monomer canine tooth iron core → little tooth iron core → C phase monomer canine tooth iron core → little tooth iron core, successively assembling consists of the stator core with 72 concentrated windings.

Wherein, the structure of 72 monomer canine tooth iron cores is identical, be convenient to processing, then can choose 72 monomer canine tooth iron cores wantonly and be buckled into a complete canine tooth iron core by the mode that boss, shrinkage pool are set, for example adopting notification number is buckle structure shown in Figure 6 in the patent of CN101371425A.

Finished after aforementioned coiling, the assembling, drawn again after 24 concentrated windings that belong to same phase can being connected successively by circumferential order, formed one group of A-A ', B-B ', C-C ' three phase windings.

As shown in Figure 7, also can be with 24 of belonging to same phase concentrated winding in twos and be unified into 12 unit in parallel first, draw after the series connection successively again, form one group of A-A ', B-B ', C-C ' three phase windings.It should be noted that when comprising first, second two kinds of canine tooths, should get two the first canine tooths and concentrate winding parallel or two the second canine tooths to concentrate the mode of winding parallel, thereby guarantee that the back-emf of two concentrated windings of parallel connection is identical in twos.

In addition, also 24 concentrated windings that belong to same phase can be drawn separately respectively, form 24 groups of A-A ', B-B ', C-C ' three phase windings.Be particularly suitable for as large-scale wind driven generator this moment.

The cooperation of this number of poles of the present invention and groove number, it is fully worthless concentrating the winding electric machine theory by tradition, because can't calculate its winding coefficient K by traditional theory _W1=K _D1K _P1, main location torque number of times is 96 * 144/48=288, and this number of times is 96/288=1/3 with the ratio of number of poles, and namely the number of times of location torque only is 3 times of first-harmonic moment.

As shown from the above technical solution, the number of magnetic poles of large utmost point square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor of the present invention is 2P=96, and groove is counted Z=144, the slot pitch electrical degree (P * 360/Z):

Because 6 slot pitches in winding interval of same phase, its electrical degree are 120 ° * 6=720 °, so winding distribution ratio is k _D1=1.

Among the present invention, the electrical degree sum of a canine tooth and a little tooth equals 240 °, and adopts the magnetic pole soverlay technique of 150 °～234 ° of scopes of electrical degree, makes air-gap field have the above flat-top district of 120 ° of electrical degrees; Adopt the little tooth of non-homogeneous teeth groove and magnetic balance, 90 °～6 ° of little tooth electrical degrees make location torque reduce to minimum.For this square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet DC motor, magnetic pole covers when reaching more than 120 °, the winding pitch coefficient k _P1=1.So winding coefficient k of this square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet DC motor _W1=k _D1* k _P1=1.The more important thing is, cause the armature reaction of motor to be the overall situation after magnetic pole covers and increase magnetic state, thereby significantly optimized the armature reaction of motor.

When motor of the present invention was used as motor, its controller can adopt the sampling of brushless DC motor continuous current and the closed-loop control of novel concept, and its combination property surmounts the sine wave AC servo system.This square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet DC motor can substitute existing sine wave AC servomotor and servo unit thereof, becomes the Main Branches of following servomotor and servo unit thereof.

Motor of the present invention can be used as generator, has internal resistance little, the voltage regulation advantages of higher, this motor is specially adapted to large-scale wind driven generator, wherein every have 24 concentrated windings mutually, be equivalent to 24 phase places identical with amplitude, three-phase brushless permanent-magnet generator independently, so same motor by the connection in series-parallel of winding, can be realized the compatibility of different rotating speeds, different capacity capacity.The present embodiment, stator core external diameter 1600mm, internal diameter 1400mm, core length 460mm, number of poles 2P=96, groove count the large utmost point Square Wave Permanent Magnet Generator of Z=144, rated speed 20rpm, power 50KW, after 24 concentrated windings in series of every phase, phase voltage 400V.If rated speed changes 200rpm into, power 500KW, with the concentrated windings of 24 of described every phases in twos and be unified into 12 unit in parallel first, and then will draw after 12 sequence of unit series connection in parallel, form A-A ', B-B ' shown in Figure 7, C-C ' three phase windings, then phase voltage remains 400 * 10/12=333V.

The present invention has developed the large utmost point motor of asymmetric groove on the basis of large utmost point motor.The concentrated winding coefficient of the large utmost point motor of asymmetric groove is 1, the utmost point/groove ratio is 2/3, and the number of teeth of large utmost point motor is the groove number, wherein on 1/2 the tooth concentrated winding is arranged, 1/2 tooth is without the little tooth of concentrating winding, and therefore every extremely every phase groove is counted q=Z/ (2P * M)=1/9.The winding coefficient of the large utmost point motor of asymmetric groove is large, concentrates winding quantity seldom, and copper loss significantly reduces, and the armature reaction of motor is greatly improved, and motor manufacturing technology is significantly simplified,

The iron core magnetic of the large utmost point motor of the present invention is close lower than conventional motors, and the iron core highest frequency should not be higher than 400Hz, therefore, and the maximum speed n of motor _Max=60f/P=24000/p.

Large utmost point motor of the present invention can be applicable to industrial circle and civil area, mainly comprises:

High-precision numerical control machine, robot, high-acruracy survey equipment;

Large-scale difficult deformable metal extruder, vertical spinning machine, large-scale precision forging equipment;

Efficient, high accuracy outfit that the manufacturing industry such as heavy digital control machine tool (such as five-axle linkage superduty numerical control file milling machine, five-axle linkage superduty propeller blade machining tool), wind-powered electricity generation, metallurgy, automobile need;

Light alloy material (aluminium, magnesium) shaping and complete equipment for processing, automation press line, precision casting transfer matic, the robot automation outfit that is welded, robot spray dress outfit, general assembly automation complete set of equipments;

That the electronic and communication facility manufacturing industry needs is high-precision, at a high speed, complete manufacturing equipment, comprise complete machine dressing equipment special (full-automatic chip mounter, high-accuracy large-scale full-automatic printer, high-speed component plug-in mounting equipment, wiring board high-speed drilling equipment), production equipment special (mask aligner, Organometallic Chemistry part extension, deposit, etching system), and the numerical controlled machinery of other broad sense, such as textile machine, printing machinery, package packing machine, Medical Devices;

Semiconductor equipment, plastics, rubber manufacturing machinery, mailing machine, automatic production line, various special equipments etc. field.

Industry mechanical arm and robot, such as welding robot, adhesive dispensing robot, transfer robot, packaging robot, large-scale movement simulation platform etc.;

All kinds of control system and the equipment of Aero-Space and military field.

Claims (10)

1. large diameter square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor is equipped with manyly to permanent magnet on the rotor core of described motor, three phase windings are housed in the groove of stator, it is characterized in that,

Number of magnetic poles 2P=96 on the described rotor core; Groove on the described stator core is counted Z=144, and 144 teeth should be arranged mutually, comprising 72 canine tooths, 72 little teeth, and is spaced between the described canine tooth, little tooth;

Described three phase windings are for concentrating winding, respectively on 72 canine tooths, every have 24 concentrated windings mutually, and the ordering of described concentrated winding and tooth is: A concentrates on winding → little tooth → canine tooth B to concentrate mutually that C concentrates winding → little tooth mutually on winding → little tooth → canine tooth mutually on the canine tooth, and the rest may be inferred;

Wherein, comprise canine tooth iron core and 72 independently little tooth iron cores in the described stator core, yoke section between every adjacent two canine tooths is provided with one and is inserted into groove, have 72 and be inserted into groove, each described little tooth iron core be inserted at described canine tooth iron core by its afterbody one of them be inserted in the groove, and then form 72 little teeth.

2. large diameter square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described canine tooth iron core is the whole canine tooth iron core of integral type; Perhaps, described canine tooth iron core is comprised of the monomer canine tooth iron core of 72 same structures, mutually splices in the stator slot centerline of these two canine tooths between adjacent two monomer canine tooth iron cores.

3. large diameter square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the width of rebate of the groove on the described stator core between adjacent canine tooth and the little tooth is 0.1～3.0mm; Each canine tooth accounts for 150 °～234 ° of circumference electrical degrees, and each little tooth adds that its both sides notch accounts for 90 °～6 ° of circumference electrical degrees, and the electrical degree sum of a canine tooth and a little tooth equals 240 °.

4. large diameter square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the width of rebate of the groove on the described stator core between adjacent canine tooth and the little tooth is 0.1～3.0mm; In described 72 canine tooths, 36 is the first canine tooth that accounts for 224 ° ± 2 ° of circumference electrical degrees, and 36 is the second canine tooth that accounts for 192 ° ± 2 ° of circumference electrical degrees in addition; Each little tooth adds that its both sides notch accounts for 32 ° ± 2 ° of circumference electrical degrees; Ordering between described each tooth is: the first canine tooth → little tooth → the second canine tooth → little tooth, and the rest may be inferred; And it is 480 ° that adjacent one group of first canine tooth, little tooth, the second canine tooth, little tooth account for circumference electrical degree sum.

5. described large diameter square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, each permanent magnet N, S magnetic pole are alternately on the described rotor core, described permanent magnet is the tile-shaped magnet steel of radial magnetizing or the tile-shaped magnet steel of parallel magnetization, and described tile-shaped magnet steel is for waiting radius tile-shaped magnet steel or top rake tile-shaped magnet steel;

Physics air gap between described stator and the rotor is 1～4mm;

The pole span of the permanent magnet on the described rotor core is (1～0.8) * π D/4, and wherein D is rotor diameter;

Wherein also comprise the rotor-position sensor of being made by hall position sensor, the magnetic susceptibility direction of described hall position sensor is consistent with the rotor normal direction, be installed on the stator support, and and the rotor permanent magnet cylindrical between keep the air gap of 1～3mm.

6. described large diameter square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor according to claim 2 is characterized in that, draws after 24 concentrated windings that belong to same phase are connected successively by circumferential order again, forms one group of A-A ', B-B ', C-C ' three phase windings.

7. described large diameter square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, belong to the concentrated windings of 24 of same phase in twos and be unified into 12 unit in parallel first, draw after the series connection successively again, form one group of A-A ', B-B ', C-C ' three phase windings.

8. described large diameter square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor according to claim 2 is characterized in that, 24 concentrated windings that belong to same phase are drawn separately respectively, form 24 groups of A-A ', B-B ', C-C ' three phase windings.

9. assembly method for each described large diameter square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor among the claim 2-8, it is characterized in that, when described canine tooth iron core is the whole canine tooth iron core of integral type, after making described canine tooth iron core, first canine tooth being done insulation processes, concentrate winding with coil winding machine coiling on 72 canine tooths again, 72 that then 72 described little tooth iron cores are embedded respectively described canine tooth iron core are inserted in the groove, namely consist of every stator core that has mutually 24 concentrated windings.

10. assembly method for each described large diameter square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor among the claim 2-8, it is characterized in that, when described canine tooth iron core is comprised of 72 monomer canine tooth iron cores, respectively each monomer canine tooth iron core being done insulation first processes, again with coil winding machine respectively on each monomer canine tooth iron core coiling concentrate winding, and then the order of 72 monomer canine tooth iron cores and three little tooth iron cores being pressed A phase monomer canine tooth iron core → little tooth iron core → B phase monomer canine tooth iron core → little tooth iron core → C phase monomer canine tooth iron core → little tooth iron core, successively assembling consists of the stator core with 72 concentrated windings.

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