CN102124629A - Large diameter square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor and assembling method thereof - Google Patents
Large diameter square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor and assembling method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102124629A CN102124629A CN2009801046264A CN200980104626A CN102124629A CN 102124629 A CN102124629 A CN 102124629A CN 2009801046264 A CN2009801046264 A CN 2009801046264A CN 200980104626 A CN200980104626 A CN 200980104626A CN 102124629 A CN102124629 A CN 102124629A
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- 210000000515 tooth Anatomy 0.000 claims description 108
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
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- 241001270131 Agaricus moelleri Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282465 Canis Species 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
- H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
- H02K41/03—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
- H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
- H02K1/148—Sectional cores
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
- H02K21/16—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures having annular armature cores with salient poles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
Abstract
A large diameter square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor and an assembling method thereof are provided. The number of magnetic poles 2P on a rotor core is 96. The number of slots Z in a stator core is 144. 144 teeth on the stator (2)are composed of 72 large teeth (6) and 72 small teeth. One insertion slot (11) is provided on each yoke between two adjacent large teeth (6). Each small tooth is formed by inserting an end part of each small tooth core (8) into one of the insertion slots (11). Each large tooth (6) has a circular electrical angle of 150 DEG to 234 DEG. Each small tooth together with two notches on its two sides has a circular electrical angle of 90 DEG to 6 DEG. The sum of electrical angles of one large tooth (6) and one small tooth is 240 DEG. Three-phase windings are wound on 72 large teeth (6) separately, and 24 concentrated windings are arranged at each phase. During assembling, firstly, the windings are wound on the large teeth (6) separately, and then the small teeth are embedded. The motor is convenient to wind the windings, and may be used as a servo motor or a wind generator.
Description
The square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor and its assembly method technical field of major diameter
The present invention relates to major diameter magneto, more specifically to the square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor and its assembly method of a kind of major diameter.This motor can be used as motor, for directly driving, or position, speed SERVO CONTROL；This motor also acts as wind-driven generator.Background technology
Permanent magnet motor can be divided into sine wave and the major class of square wave two according to driving current and counter potential waveform.It is general that sine wave permanent magnet motor is referred to as Yong Ci Tong Walk motor (PMSM), or be sine wave AC servomotor.Another kind of square wave permanent magnetic motor is then referred to as square wave brushless direct current motor（BLDCM).
Magneto is that the reversible motor that both can be used as also is used as generator.The exert oneself pi/2 bigger than sine wave permanent magnet generator, i.e., 1. 57 times of Square Wave Permanent Magnet Generator.
During the 80's, square wave permanent magnetic motor obtains commonly used, the external characteristics and brush DC motors of square wave permanent magnetic motor are essentially identical, control is fairly simple, but its maximum shortcoming is the presence of larger principle commutation torque fluctuations, in this regard, researcher proposes a variety of indemnifying measures, but practical application effect is undesirable.
Because the torque fluctuations of sine wave permanent magnet motor are then much smaller than square wave permanent magnetic motor, during the 90's, application scenario is driven in elaborate servo, square wave permanent magnetic motor is gradually substituted by sine wave permanent magnet motor, the main flow of present industrial application is had become at present.It is significantly increased however, sine wave permanent magnet motor can cause control system complexity significantly to increase with cost, it is often more important that the energy index of motor declines to a great extent.
On the other hand, traditional square wave brushless direct current motor and its control technology are recognized maturation, due to aforementioned drawback, cause it to be limited at less demanding applications, study it seldom both at home and abroad.
Preferable motor should have small volume, torque big and torque fluctuations are small, efficiency high and the low feature of cost.But in real world, can only often take into account can not meet this theory comprehensively.When being commonly designed high performance servomotor, priority is motion control performance, power, size, efficiency and price.Servomotor must pull against slot effect, with small location torque, torque fluctuations or velocity perturbation, can low speed,
Continuous and stable drives under high-torque.
The reason for torque fluctuations of generation, is a lot.It is generally believed that main cause is：The location torque that slot effect is produced, the non-sine distribution of air-gap field and three-phase current non-sine.Slot effect directly produces the location torque fluctuation related to tooth, slot number；The non-sine distribution of air-gap field produces back-emf (MMF) harmonic wave and produces harmonic torque with current harmonics；Therefore, the torque fluctuations of servomotor be by：What each location torque harmonic torque was constituted.Its major harmonic number of times is relevant with the number of teeth, slot number, number of poles and its mutual multiplier, times multiplier, beat number.
Big pole motor of the present invention is called concentratred winding motor, and it has, and winding overhang is small, copper loss is small, the low feature of simple in construction, production cost, have developed rapidly in last decade.The value for generally defining MgO-ZrO_2 brick q=S/ (2Pm) is less than or equal to 1/2 motor for big pole motor or concentratred winding motor, and wherein S is slot number, and m is the number of phases, and P is number of pole-pairs.It is a big pole three-phase permanent magnetic brushless motor of the groove of 8 pole 9 as shown in Figure 1.Wherein there are 4 N poles, 4 S poles to be spaced, totally 8 pole；It is correspondingly provided with each half that two neighboring winding is housed in 9 grooves, each groove.The N of such as topmost is extremely just to a tooth, and its left side is that A+ windings, right side are A- windings.Wherein, slot pitch electrical angle is：
4 x 360
a - - = 160
9
S1N (fourth)
Kdl = · = 0.960
20
3 sin pitch percents are：
= sin(—x 90) = 0.985
9
K KdlKpl=0.946 main location torque number of times:
In the above-mentioned formula of=pole groove=8 9/1=72, C is pole, the minimum common divisor of slot number.The ratio of number of times Kc and number of poles is
The number of times of 8/72=1/9, i.e. location torque is 9 times of fundamental wave.It is generally acknowledged that the amplitude of each location torque and the numerical value of number of times are inversely proportional, or think that the amplitude of each location torque is not more than 1/9 per phase fundamental wave torque.Therefore the design principle of tooth socket fit is：It is required that the most number of times of low order location torque is as big as possible relative to the number of times of fundamental wave torque.Tooth socket fit can also influence the stock utilization of motor, i.e. winding coefficient, it is desirable to which winding coefficient is close to 1.
The winding coefficient and location torque number of times of several " big pole motors "
In publication number CN101030721A application for a patent for invention, disclosing pole, slot number value does not have the tooth socket fit scheme of common divisor (for example：The pole of 21 groove 26, the pole of 33 groove 38 or 40 poles）.The publication number CN1856921A applications for a patent for invention of other applicant Kollmorgen Corp disclose groove and the ratio of magnetic pole is more than 0. 75 and the permanent magnet motor less than 1. 0（For example：The pole of 36 groove 46, the pole of 30 groove 38）.This kind of permanent magnet motor is unfortunately this kind of very limited just with the method effect of tooth socket fit to obtain sinusoidal pattern air-gap field and less location torque as target, and the location torque that its slot effect is produced typically can only achieve rated moment still than larger（5 1) % levels.
Above-mentioned " big pole motor " is applied in different occasions.But the simple effect for reducing location torque by tooth socket fit can not still meet the requirement of servomotor.Then a large amount of methods for reducing location torque come Jin mono- Walk by homogenizing air-gap reluctance are generated again, including：1) coreless permanent magnet motor；2) slotless magneto；3) skewed stator slot or the oblique pole of p-m rotor；4) stator rabbet is reduced；5) permanent magnet surfaces top rake, sineization, non-uniform gap, permanent magnet short distance etc. cause air-gap field sineization；6) the teeth groove unequally distributed blades of stator；7) stator is used per extremely per phase fraction groove；8) increase per pole slot number；9) air gap is increased；10) magnetic loading is reduced.
The above method has its pros and cons, for example：Air gap, reduction magnetic loading, the method using coreless permanent magnet motor and slotless magneto are increased, causes motor electromagnetic load and power density to decline, and cause air-gap field sineization；Used using skewed stator slot or the oblique pole of p-m rotor or stator per extremely per phase fraction groove method, improving production cost, stock utilization declines, and causes air-gap field sineization.Reducing stator rabbet makes
Leakage field increase causes loss to become big.Air-gap field sineization is caused using permanent magnet surfaces top rake, sineization, non-uniform gap, permanent magnet short distance etc..Air-gap field sineization is also generally so that using the purpose of the teeth groove unequally distributed blades of stator, the above method is traditional effective ways to sine wave servomotor.But traditional method is not suitable for square wave servomotor.
In utility model patent ZL 200720070700. 3, a kind of low-fluctuation permanent magnetic brushless motor of not wide structure is disclosed, wherein, the facewidth of stator tooth is more than or less than the facewidth of adjacent teeth or the groove width of the stator slot is more than or less than the groove width of adjacent slot；Or the magnet pole widths of the rotor core are more than or less than the spacing that the spacing between the width of adjacent pole or the rotor core magnetic pole is more than or less than between adjacent pole.Designed in general using different size tooth (not wide tooth) stator cores, influence may be produced on the number of times and amplitude of location torque, it is improper to design, and will instead result in bigger location torque.The also additional not wide method of rotor core magnetic pole of the utility model patent, its cost is that to generate winding back emf asymmetric.The tooth inner surface of the utility model patent also additional stator iron core is eccentric method, and its cost is also that to generate winding back emf asymmetric.Asymmetric winding back emf is critical defect for servomotor, and the target of the utility model patent is the relatively low small-power speed governing motor of performance.The content of the invention
The invention solves the problems that the problems of existing square wave permanent magnetic motor and sine wave permanent magnet motor, propose a kind of new principle, new construction, high-performance, the big pole square wave permanent magnetic motor of low cost.
The technical scheme is that, there is provided to be equipped with multipair permanent magnet, the groove of stator on a kind of square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor of major diameter, the rotor core of the motor and three-phase windings are housed, characterized in that, number of magnetic poles 2P=96 on the rotor core;, should mutually there be 144 teeth slot number Z=144 on the stator core, including 72 canine tooths, 72 small teeth；The three-phase windings are concentratred winding, and rotating around on 72 canine tooths, per mutually there is 24 concentratred windings, the ordering of the concentratred winding and tooth is：The small tooth of C phases concentratred winding one on the small canine tooth of tooth one of B phases concentratred winding one on the small canine tooth of tooth one of A phases concentratred winding one on canine tooth, the rest may be inferred；Wherein, the stator core includes canine tooth iron core and 72 independent small tooth iron cores, yoke portion between per two neighboring canine tooth is inserted into groove provided with one, have 72 and be inserted into groove, each small tooth iron core is inserted into by its afterbody and is inserted into one of them of the canine tooth iron core in groove, and then forms 72 small teeth.
In the preferred scheme of the present invention, the width of rebate of the groove on the stator core between adjacent canine tooth and small tooth is 0.1 3.0mm;Each canine tooth accounts for 234 ° of circumference electrical angle 150 °, and each small tooth accounts for 6 ° of circumference electrical angle 90 ° plus its both sides notch, and the electrical angle sum of a canine tooth and a small tooth is equal to 240 °.Reduce location torque for Jin mono- Walk, preferred scheme is that each canine tooth accounts for 205 ° of circumference electrical angle 195 °, each small tooth accounts for 35 ° of circumference electrical angle 45 ° plus its both sides notch.
In another preferred scheme of the present invention, the width of rebate of the groove on the stator core between adjacent canine tooth and small tooth is 0.1 3.0mm;In 72 canine tooths, 36 are the first canine tooth for accounting for 224 ° ± 2 ° of circumference electrical angle, and another 36 are the second canine tooth for accounting for 192 ° ± 2 ° of circumference electrical angle；Each small tooth accounts for 32 ° ± 2 ° of circumference electrical angle plus its both sides notch;Ordering between each tooth is：The small tooth of small one second canine tooth of tooth one of first canine tooth one, the rest may be inferred；And adjacent one group of first canine tooth, small tooth, the second canine tooth, small tooth account for circumference electrical angle sum for 480 °.
In the present invention, the canine tooth iron core can be the overall canine tooth iron core of integral type；Or be made up of 72 mutually isostructural monomer canine tooth iron cores, mutually splice in the stator slot centerline of two canine tooths between two neighboring monomer canine tooth iron core.
In the present invention, each permanent magnet N, S magnetic pole is spaced on the rotor core, the permanent magnet be the tile-shaped magnet steel of radial magnetizing or be parallel magnetization tile-shaped magnet steel, the tile-shaped magnet steel is waits radius tile-shaped magnet steel or top rake tile-shaped magnet steel；Physical air gap between the stator and rotor is l 4mm;The pole span of permanent magnet on the rotor core is (1 0.8) Χ π Ο/4, and wherein D is rotor diameter；Wherein also include the rotor-position sensor that is made up of hall position sensor, the magnetic susceptibility direction of the hall position sensor is consistent with rotor normal direction, is installed on stator support, and l 3mm air gap is kept with rotor permanent magnet between cylindrical.
In the present invention, drawn again after can 24 concentratred windings that belong to same phase be circumferentially sequentially sequentially connected in series, form one group of A-A', B-B', C-C' three-phase windings.It can will also belong to 24 concentratred windings of same phase and first two-by-two and be unified into 12 parallel units, then draw after being sequentially connected in series, and form one group of A-A', B-B', C-C' three-phase windings.Also 24 concentratred windings for belonging to same phase can individually be drawn, forms 24 groups of A-A', B-B', C-C' three-phase windings.
The present invention also provides a kind of assembly method for aforementioned motor, wherein, when the canine tooth iron core is the overall canine tooth iron core of integral type, after the canine tooth iron core is made, insulation processing is first done to canine tooth, then use
Coil winding machine coiling concentratred winding on 72 canine tooths, 72 small tooth iron cores then are respectively embedded into the canine tooth iron core 72 are inserted into groove, that is, are constituted per the stator core mutually with 24 concentratred windings.
The present invention also provides a kind of another assembly method for aforementioned motor, wherein, when the canine tooth iron core is made up of 72 monomer canine tooth iron cores, insulation processing first is done to each monomer canine tooth iron core respectively, again with the coil winding machine coiling concentratred winding on each monomer canine tooth iron core respectively, then 72 monomer canine tooth iron cores are pressed to the order of the small tooth iron core of the small one B phase monomer canine tooths iron core of tooth iron core one of A phase monomer canine tooths iron core one → small tooth iron core of C phase monomer canine tooths iron core one with three small tooth iron core again, assemble successively, constitute the stator core with 72 concentratred windings.
It is damascene structures from the small tooth in such scheme, the present invention, does not first fill small tooth, slot milling makes the coiling of concentratred winding very convenient, and more than 85% copper factor is also can guarantee that even if machine automatic winding.During as motor, it exerts oneself bigger by 33% than conventional sinusoidal ripple permanent-magnet servo motor, and winding overhang is smaller than conventional sinusoidal ripple permanent-magnet servo motor more than 3 times, so copper loss is greatly reduced.When the motor is driven using three-phase square wave electric current, stable torque can be produced, its torque fluctuations index is suitable with sine wave permanent magnet servomotor.The motor of the present invention is particularly suitable for use in large-scale wind driven generator, because every phase has 24 concentratred windings, equivalent to having, 24 phase and amplitude are identical, respective independent three-phase brushless permanent-magnet generator, then the connection in series-parallel that same motor passes through concentratred winding, it is possible to achieve different rotating speeds, different capacity capacity.Brief description of the drawings
Zuo Jin mono- Walk of the present invention are illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, in accompanying drawing：
Fig. 1 is the stator and rotor cross-sectional view of the groove motor of 8 pole 9 of the prior art；Fig. 2A is the stator and rotor deployed configuration schematic diagram of motor in a preferred embodiment of the invention；Fig. 2 B are the stator and rotor deployed configuration schematic diagrams of motor when having first, second two kinds of canine tooths in another embodiment；
Fig. 3 is motor general assembly structural representation in a preferred embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 A are stator tooth, angle of the v-groove distribution schematic diagram in Fig. 2A illustrated embodiments；
Fig. 4 B are stator tooth, angle of the v-groove distribution schematic diagram in Fig. 2 B illustrated embodiments；
Fig. 5 A are the display structure schematic diagrames of the overall canine tooth iron core of integral type；
Fig. 5 B are the structural representations of small tooth iron core；
Fig. 5 C are fit structure schematic diagram of the overall canine tooth iron core with multiple small tooth iron cores of integral type；Fig. 6 is by the structural representation of another embodiment sectional type stator core；
Fig. 7 is by the first schematic diagrames in parallel being sequentially connected in series again two-by-two of 24 concentratred windings in one embodiment of the invention.Embodiment
Fig. 3 shows total assembling structure of motor in a preferred embodiment of the invention, and the critical piece of this motor includes rotating shaft 30, rotor 1, stator 2 etc., and the physical air gap 5 between rotor 1 and stator 2 is 1 4mm.Wherein using hall position sensor as rotor-position sensor, the magnetic susceptibility direction of hall position sensor is consistent with rotor normal direction, on stator support 20, and and rotor magnetic steel（That is permanent magnet) it is cylindrical between keep l 3mm air gap.In the present embodiment, number of magnetic poles is 2P=96, slot number Z=144, stator core external diameter 1600mm, internal diameter 1400mm, physical air gap 3mm, the pole span 44mm of permanent magnet, motor rated speed 200rpm, rated power 500KW, rated moment is that 23800Nm location torques are less than 4Nm.
Because the motor teeth groove number is more, for the fit structure between the parts such as tooth, groove, magnetic pole, if being drawn as will be unable to clearly show that with corresponding circular ring structure in kind, so the expansion structure shown in Fig. 2 has been drawn as here, that is, the inner ring of stator 2, the outer ring of rotor 1 circular ring structure are expanded respectively.Wherein, on rotor core equipped with 48 pairs of 96 permanent magnets, i.e., 96 magnetic poles, their N, S as shown in Figure 2 are spaced, to produce air-gap field.When it is implemented, permanent magnet can be the tile-shaped magnet steel of radial magnetizing or be parallel magnetization tile-shaped magnet steel.The pole span of permanent magnet on rotor core is (1 0.8) Χ π Ο/4, and wherein D is rotor diameter.
Meanwhile, slot number Ζ=144 of stator core, to that should have 144 grooves, 144 teeth；As shown in Figure 5 C, the width of the notch of stator slot 4（Gap between i.e. adjacent canine tooth and small tooth bottom) it is 0. 1 3mm;144 teeth include 72 canine tooths, 72 small teeth, and the order circulation arrangement in circumference by canine tooth → small tooth → canine tooth-small tooth.In the present embodiment, three-phase windings are concentratred winding, respectively with coil winding machine (stator concentratred winding coil winding machine)
Directly it is wound on the canine tooth after insulation processing, the ordering of concentratred winding and tooth is：The small tooth of C phases concentratred winding one on the small canine tooth of tooth one of B phases concentratred winding one on the small canine tooth of tooth one of A phases concentratred winding one on canine tooth, the rest may be inferred；It can be seen that, the motor, which has in 72 concentratred windings, A, B, C three-phase, often mutually has 24 concentratred windings.
As can be seen from Figure 4A, each canine tooth accounts for 234 ° of circumference electrical angle 150 °, and each small tooth accounts for 6 ° of circumference electrical angle 90 ° plus its both sides notch, and the electrical angle sum of a canine tooth and a small tooth is equal to 240 °.Reduce location torque for Jin mono- Walk, each canine tooth preferably accounts for 205 ° of circumference electrical angle 195 °, each small tooth preferably accounts for 35 ° of circumference electrical angle 45 ° plus its both sides notch.
It can be seen in fig. 4b in another embodiment, in 72 canine tooths, 36 are the first canine tooth for accounting for 224 ° ± 2 ° of circumference electrical angle, and another 36 are the second canine tooth for accounting for 192 ° ± 2 ° of circumference electrical angle；Each small tooth accounts for 32 ° ± 2 ° of circumference electrical angle plus its both sides notch；Ordering between each described tooth is:The small small tooth of small one second canine tooth of tooth one of one first canine tooth of tooth one of small one second canine tooth of tooth one of first canine tooth one, the rest may be inferred；And adjacent one group of first canine tooth, small tooth, the second canine tooth, small tooth account for circumference electrical angle sum for 480 as shown in Fig. 5 A, Fig. 5 B, Fig. 5 C, stator core therein includes the overall canine tooth iron core 9 and 72 small tooth iron core 8 of an integral type;Provided with 72 canine tooths 6 on canine tooth iron core, the yoke portion between two neighboring canine tooth is respectively provided with one and is inserted into groove 11, has 72 and is inserted into groove；Each small tooth iron core 8 is inserted into by its afterbody and is inserted into one of them of canine tooth iron core 9 in groove 11.
When it is implemented, canine tooth iron core 9 by multilayer canine tooth silicon steel sheet group into the yoke portion of each layer of canine tooth silicon steel sheet and teeth portion are provided with Blind locating holes 12, and multilayer canine tooth silicon steel sheet passes through these integral structures of blind hole riveting.Equally, each small tooth iron core 8 by the small tooth silicon steel sheet group of multilayer into；Blind locating holes 12 also are provided with each small tooth silicon steel sheet 10 of layer, the small tooth silicon steel sheet of multilayer passes through these integral structures of blind hole riveting.In the present embodiment, canine tooth iron core 9 has the identical silicon steel sheet number of plies with each small tooth iron core 8.
As can be seen from Figure 5A, the groove 11 therein that is inserted into is the small swallowtail-shaped structure of internal big, oral area；Correspondingly, the afterbody of each small tooth iron core 8 is also swallowtail-shaped structure in Fig. 5 B, just can be engaged with being inserted into groove 11.
During specific assembling, for the overall canine tooth iron core of this integral type, after canine tooth iron core is made, first do insulation processing to canine tooth, then with coil winding machine on 72 canine tooths coiling concentratred winding, then by described in 72
Small tooth iron core be respectively embedded into the canine tooth iron core 72 are inserted into groove, that is, are constituted per the stator core mutually with 24 concentratred windings.In order that coiling more facilitates, in the embodiment shown in fig. 6, by the overall canine tooth iron core 9 with 72 canine tooths with the stator groove center line between two neighboring canine tooth（That is each center line for being inserted into groove）On the basis of be cut into 72 parts, as 72 monomer canine tooth iron cores.During assembling, insulation processing is done to this 72 monomer canine tooth iron cores respectively, again with the coil winding machine coiling concentratred winding on 72 monomer canine tooth iron cores respectively, then the canine tooth iron core of concentratred winding and 72 small tooth iron core by 72 coilings, by the order of the small small tooth iron core of small one C phase monomer canine tooths iron core of tooth iron core one of one B phase monomer canine tooths iron core of tooth iron core one of A phase monomer canine tooths iron core one, assemble successively, constitute the stator core with 72 concentratred windings.
Wherein, the structure of 72 monomer canine tooth iron cores is identical, it is easy to processing, then can optional 72 monomer canine tooth iron cores a complete canine tooth iron core is buckled into by way of boss, shrinkage pool are set, be the buckle structure in CN101371425A patent shown in Fig. 6 for example with notification number.Complete after foregoing coiling, assembling, drawn again after can 24 concentratred windings that belong to same phase be circumferentially sequentially sequentially connected in series, form one group of A-A', B-B', C-C' three-phase windings.
First two-by-two and 12 parallel units are unified into as shown in fig. 7, can will also belong to 24 concentratred windings of same phase, then are drawn after being sequentially connected in series, and form one group of A-A', B-B', C-C' three-phase windings.It should be noted that when including first, second two kinds of canine tooths, the mode that two the first canine tooth concentratred windings are in parallel or two the second canine tooth concentratred windings are in parallel should be taken, so as to ensure that the back-emf of two concentratred windings in parallel two-by-two is identical.
In addition, also can individually draw 24 concentratred windings for belonging to same phase, 24 groups of A-A', B-B', C-C' three-phase windings are formed.Now it is particularly suited for use as large-scale wind driven generator.The present invention this number of poles and slot number cooperation, by traditional concentratred winding electric machine theory be completely it is worthless because by traditional theory can not calculate its winding coefficient ^ ^=pl, main location torque number of times is 96x 144/48=288, and the ratio of the number of times and number of poles is 96/288=1/3, i.e. the number of times of location torque is only 3 times of fundamental wave torque.
As shown from the above technical solution, the number of magnetic poles of big pole square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor of the invention is 2P=96, slot number Z=144, slot pitch electrical angle (Px360/Z):
48 x 360° Λ。
a 120
144 due to 6 slot pitches of winding internal of same phase, and its electrical angle is 120 ° of 6=720 ° of X, so winding distribution ratio is kdl=i.In the present invention, the electrical angle sum of a canine tooth and a small tooth is equal to 240 °, and using the magnetic pole soverlay technique of 234 ° of scopes of electrical angle 150 °, air-gap field is had flat-top areas more than 120 ° of electrical angles；Using non-homogeneous teeth groove and the small tooth of magnetic balance, small 6 ° of tooth electrical angle 90 ° minimizes location torque.For this square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor, magnetic pole is covered up to 120.During the above, winding pitch coefficient kplThe winding coefficient k of=l o then this square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motorwCorpse kdl X kp\.Importantly, causing the armature-reaction of motor to increase magnetic state in global after magnetic pole covering, so that the armature-reaction of motor has been greatly optimized.
When the motor of the present invention is used as motor, its controller can be sampled and closed-loop control using the brushless DC motor continuous current of novel concept, and its combination property surmounts sine wave AC servo-drive system.This square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor, can substitute existing sine wave AC servomotor and its servo unit, the Main Branches as following servomotor and its servo unit.The motor of the present invention can be used as generator, it is small with internal resistance, the advantages of voltage regulation factor is high, this motor is particularly suitable for use in large-scale wind driven generator, it is wherein every mutually to have 24 concentratred windings, equivalent to 24 phase and amplitude identicals, independent three-phase brushless permanent-magnet generators, the connection in series-parallel that then same motor passes through winding, it is possible to achieve different rotating speeds, the compatibility of different capacity capacity.The present embodiment, stator core external diameter 1600mm, internal diameter 1400mm, core length 460mm, number of poles 2P=96, the big pole Square Wave Permanent Magnet Generator of slot number Z=144, rated speed 20rpm, power 50KW, after 24 concentratred winding series connection of phase, phase voltage 400V.If rated speed is changed to 200rpm, power 500KW, per 24 concentratred windings of phase first two-by-two and 12 parallel units are unified into by described, then it will be drawn again after 12 parallel units sequential series, A-A', B-B', C-C' three-phase windings shown in Fig. 7 are formed, then phase voltage remains 400 10/12=333V of X.
The present invention has developed the big pole motor of asymmetric groove on the basis of big pole motor.The concentratred winding coefficient of the asymmetric big pole motor of groove is 1, pole/groove ratio is 2/3, the number of teeth of big pole motor is slot number, there is concentratred winding on wherein 1/2 tooth, 1/2 tooth is the small tooth without concentratred winding, therefore MgO-ZrO_2 brick q=Z/ (2P X M)=1/9.The winding coefficient of the asymmetric big pole motor of groove is big, and seldom, copper loss is greatly decreased concentratred winding quantity, and the armature-reaction of motor is greatly improved, and motor manufacturing technology significantly simplifies,
The iron core magnetic of big pole motor of the invention is close lower than conventional motors, and iron core highest frequency should be not higher than 400Hz, therefore, the maximum speed n of motormax =60f/P=24000/p。
The big pole motor of the present invention can be applied to industrial circle and civil area, mainly include：
High-precision numerical control machine, robot, high-acruracy survey equipment；
Large-scale difficult deformable metal extruder, vertical spinning machine, large-scale precision forging equipment；
Heavy digital control machine tool (such as five-axle linkage superduty numerical control file milling machine, five-axle linkage superduty propeller blade machining tool）, efficient, the high-precision outfit that needs of wind-powered electricity generation, metallurgy, the manufacturing industry such as automobile；Light alloy material (aluminium, magnesium) shapes and complete equipment for processing, automation press line, precision casting transfer matic, the brave dress automation outfit of robot, robot spray dress outfit, general assembly automation complete set of equipments；The high-precision of Electronic and Telecommunication's Equipment Industry needs, high speed, production plant, including complete machine dressing equipment special (full-automatic chip mounter, high-accuracy large-scale full-automatic printer, high-speed component inserting equipment, wiring board high-speed drilling equipment）, production equipment special (litho machine, Organometallic Chemistry part extension, deposit, etching system）, and other broad sense numerical controlled machinery, such as textile machine, printing machinery, package packing machine, Medical Devices；
Semiconductor equipment, plastics, rubber manufacturing machinery, mailing machine, automatic production line, various special equipments etc. field.
Industry mechanical arm and robot, such as brave welding robot, adhesive dispensing robot, transfer robot, packaging robot, large-scale movement simulation platform；
All kinds of control systems and equipment of Aero-Space and military field.
Claims (1)
- Claim1st, it is equipped with a kind of square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor of major diameter, the rotor core of the motor in multipair permanent magnet, the groove of stator and three-phase windings is housed, it is characterised in thatNumber of magnetic poles 2P=96 on the rotor core;, should mutually there be 144 teeth slot number Z=144 on the stator core, including 72 canine tooths, 72 small teeth, and be spaced between the canine tooth, small tooth；The three-phase windings are concentratred winding, and rotating around on 72 canine tooths, per mutually there is 24 concentratred windings, the ordering of the concentratred winding and tooth is：The small tooth of C phases concentratred winding one on the small canine tooth of tooth one of B phases concentratred winding one on the small canine tooth of tooth one of A phases concentratred winding one on canine tooth, the rest may be inferred；Wherein, the stator core includes canine tooth iron core and 72 independent small tooth iron cores, yoke portion between per two neighboring canine tooth is inserted into groove provided with one, have 72 and be inserted into groove, each small tooth iron core is inserted into by its afterbody and is inserted into one of them of the canine tooth iron core in groove, and then forms 72 small teeth.2nd, big polar form square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the canine tooth iron core is the overall canine tooth iron core of integral type；Or, the canine tooth iron core is made up of 72 mutually isostructural monomer canine tooth iron cores, is mutually spliced in the stator slot centerline of two canine tooths between two neighboring monomer canine tooth iron core.3rd, the square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor of major diameter according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the width of rebate of the groove on the stator core between adjacent canine tooth and small tooth is 0.1 3.0mm;Each canine tooth accounts for 234 ° of circumference electrical angle 150 °, and each small tooth accounts for 6 ° of circumference electrical angle 90 ° plus its both sides notch, and the electrical angle sum of a canine tooth and a small tooth is equal to 240 °.4th, the square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor of major diameter according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the width of rebate of the groove on the stator core between adjacent canine tooth and small tooth is 0.1 3.0mm;In 72 canine tooths, 36 are the first canine tooth for accounting for 224 ° ± 2 ° of circumference electrical angle, and another 36 are the second canine tooth for accounting for 192 ° ± 2 ° of circumference electrical angle；Each small tooth accounts for 32 ° ± 2 ° of circumference electrical angle plus its both sides notch；Ordering between each tooth is：The small tooth of small one second canine tooth of tooth one of first canine tooth one, the rest may be inferred；And it is 480 that adjacent one group of first canine tooth, small tooth, the second canine tooth, small tooth, which account for circumference electrical angle sum,..5th, the square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor of major diameter according to claim 2, its feature exists In, each permanent magnet N, S magnetic pole is spaced on the rotor core, the permanent magnet be the tile-shaped magnet steel of radial magnetizing or be parallel magnetization tile-shaped magnet steel, the tile-shaped magnet steel is waits radius tile-shaped magnet steel or top rake tile-shaped magnet steel；Physical air gap between the stator and rotor is l 4mm;The pole span of permanent magnet on the rotor core is (1 0.8) Χ π Ο/4, and wherein D is rotor diameter；Wherein also include the rotor-position sensor that is made up of hall position sensor, the magnetic susceptibility direction of the hall position sensor is consistent with rotor normal direction, is installed on stator support, and l 3mm air gap is kept with rotor permanent magnet between cylindrical.6th, the square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor of major diameter according to claim 2, it is characterised in that belong to same phase 24 concentratred windings be circumferentially sequentially sequentially connected in series after draw again, form one group of A-A', B-B', C-C' three-phase windings.7th, the square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor of major diameter according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, belong to 24 concentratred windings of same phase and first two-by-two and be unified into 12 parallel units, then draw after being sequentially connected in series, form one group of A-A', B-B', C-C' three-phase windings.8th, the square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor of major diameter according to claim 2, it is characterised in that 24 concentratred windings for belonging to same phase are individually drawn, forms 24 groups of A-A', B-B', C-C three-phase windings.9th, the assembly method of the square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor of a kind of major diameter any one of claim 2-8, it is characterized in that, when the canine tooth iron core is the overall canine tooth iron core of integral type, after the canine tooth iron core is made, insulation processing first is done to canine tooth, coil winding machine coiling concentratred winding on 72 canine tooths is used again, then 72 small tooth iron cores are respectively embedded into the canine tooth iron core 72 are inserted into groove, that is, are constituted per the stator core mutually with 24 concentratred windings.10, a kind of assembly method of the square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor of major diameter any one of claim 2-8, it is characterized in that, when the canine tooth iron core is made up of 72 monomer canine tooth iron cores, insulation processing first is done to each monomer canine tooth iron core respectively, again with the coil winding machine coiling concentratred winding on each monomer canine tooth iron core respectively, then 72 monomer canine tooth iron cores are pressed to the order of the small small tooth iron core of small one C phase monomer canine tooths iron core of tooth iron core one of one B phase monomer canine tooths iron core of tooth iron core one of A phase monomer canine tooths iron core one with three small tooth iron core again, assemble successively, constitute the stator core with 72 concentratred windings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2009/073868 WO2011029227A1 (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2009-09-11 | Large diameter square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor and assembling method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102124629A true CN102124629A (en) | 2011-07-13 |
| CN102124629B CN102124629B (en) | 2013-02-13 |
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| CN2009801046264A Active CN102124629B (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2009-09-11 | Large diameter square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet direct current motor and assembling method thereof |
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| CN (1) | CN102124629B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2011029227A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62138051A (en) * | 1985-12-11 | 1987-06-20 | Hitachi Ltd | Rotary electric machine of permanent magnet |
| JPH0378458A (en) * | 1989-08-18 | 1991-04-03 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Motor |
| JPH11234990A (en) * | 1998-02-12 | 1999-08-27 | Okuma Corp | Permanent magnet motor |
| JP4311643B2 (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2009-08-12 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Method for manufacturing permanent magnet type rotating electric machine and method for manufacturing permanent magnet type synchronous generator for wind power generation |
| CN101030721A (en) * | 2006-03-03 | 2007-09-05 | 苏州扬名机电有限公司 | Assembled scheme for brushless DC motor slot number and magnetic steel number |
| CN201118414Y (en) * | 2007-10-29 | 2008-09-17 | 深圳航天科技创新研究院 | Square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnetic DC electromotor |
| CN201584825U (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2010-09-15 | 杜坤梅 | Large-diameter square-wave three-phase brushless permanent magnet DC motor |
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2009
- 2009-09-11 CN CN2009801046264A patent/CN102124629B/en active Active
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| CN102124629B (en) | 2013-02-13 |
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