CN102095649A - Direct shear testing device of saturated rock soil samples - Google Patents
Direct shear testing device of saturated rock soil samples Download PDFInfo
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- CN102095649A CN102095649A CN 201010612203 CN201010612203A CN102095649A CN 102095649 A CN102095649 A CN 102095649A CN 201010612203 CN201010612203 CN 201010612203 CN 201010612203 A CN201010612203 A CN 201010612203A CN 102095649 A CN102095649 A CN 102095649A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a direct shear testing device of saturated rock soil samples, which relates to the technology of mechanical strength test of rock soil. The structure of the direct shear testing device comprises a sample shear box, a loading system, a saturation system, a vacuum pump and a data acquisition system which are fixed on a frame to form a whole body, wherein the shear box is arranged in a water channel of the saturation system and guarantees the sample to be saturated completely, the loading system comprises a vertical loading system and a transverse loading system, the vertical loading system and the transverse loading system are respectively connected with the shear box and realize vertical loading and transverse loading of the shear box, the vacuum pump is connected with the saturation system and used for vacuumizing the closed water channel, and the data acquisition system is connected with the shear box and the loading system respectively and used for monitoring and recording the force and the displacement of the shear box. The direct shear testing device realizes direct shear tests of small-size and medium-size gravel soil, crack soil and soft rocks, and particularly can realize site tests of samples on the construction site and reciprocating direct shear tests of saturated rock soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rock-soil mechanics strength test technology, relate in particular to a kind of saturated rock soil sample direct shear test device.Specifically, relate in the measuring technology of mechanical strength under the unsaturation of small particle diameter rubble, crack soil and soft rock or the state of saturation; Adopt this test unit, the direct shear test of can be easily stickiness and non-stickiness ground sample being carried out saturated back in this device and carrying out saturated sample also can move to this device the mechanical strength index of on-the-spot real-time testing ground simultaneously easily.
Background technology
The unstability overwhelming majority of Geotechnical Engineering is owing to shear failure causes, the shear strength parameter of accurately measuring rock soil mass is significant in Geotechnical Engineering is built.The unstable failure of Geotechnical Engineering all is accompanied by the development of shear displacemant, therefore, comes into one's own by applying the method that shearing force (or shear displacemant) tests rock soil mass always, and wherein, direct shear test is subjected to widespread usage owing to it is easy and simple to handle.
As everyone knows, water is very big to soil body Mechanical Characters of Composite Ground especially intensity effect, all need test the Mechanical Characters of Composite Ground under the state of saturation of soil sample in engineering and the research.At direct shear test according to the soil nature different mining with different saturation process, saturated as mainly adopting leaching to soak at the gravel sample sample is carried out, mainly adopt for fine grained soil to vacuumize saturation process and carry out sample and sample is mounted in the shear box after saturated and tests.Because its water-retaining property of gravelly soil is relatively poor, can't accurately control saturation degree by the trickle method to sample is saturated, after even sample is saturated, water in the soil sample hole also can be discharged under action of gravity, also can not finely be suitable for and vacuumize saturation process because specimen size is excessive at the saturated employing of large-scale stickiness crack soil sample, even also have many difficulties by the installation that vacuumizes saturated back sample, solution preferably also do not arranged at present.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just is to overcome the shortcoming and defect that prior art exists, and a kind of saturated rock soil sample direct shear test device is provided.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
According to the different tests requirement, carry out the direct shear test of natural aqueous or saturated soil sample, solve the saturated and saturated soil sample staight scissors of soil sample problem in the soil direct shear test of coarse-grained soil and crack.
Specifically, this device comprises that sample cuts box, framework, loading system, saturation system, vacuum pump and data acquisition system (DAS);
Cut sample box, loading system, saturation system, vacuum pump and data acquisition system (DAS) all are fixed on the framework 20 and form a whole;
Sample is cut among the tank that box places saturation system, guarantees that sample can be saturated fully;
Loading system comprises vertical loading system and horizontal loading system, cuts box with sample respectively and is connected, and realizes that box vertically loads and horizontal the loading to cutting;
Vacuum pump is connected with saturation system, and the tank that seals is vacuumized processing;
Data acquisition system (DAS) respectively with cut box and be connected, the size of monitoring record power and the displacement of cutting box in real time with loading system.
Principle of work:
By the sealed cistern that can freely dismantle at sample shear box outer setting one top cover, sample is mounted to shear box after, the tank cover plate is installed good seal, open vacuum pump the tank inner air extracted; Behind the valve of closing vacuum pump again and being attached thereto, open Water filling valve, saturated to tank and sample water filling; Remove the tank cover plate again, carry out shear test after applying pressure at right angle.Require to utilize wheel box to carry out shear rate control according to difference in the shear test process, general every group is adopted four different vertical pressure, can obtain the horizontal stress of sample and strain curve and c, φ intensity index
The present invention has the following advantages and good effect:
1. vacuum saturation device and direct shear test equipment are organically combined, avoided large scale stickiness soil sample saturated with the dress sample inconvenience, also avoided of the disturbance of first saturated back dress sample simultaneously, more avoided the coarse chips soil retentiveness difference can't saturated fully problem loose soil sample.
2. realized the direct shear test test of middle small particle diameter gravelly soil, crack soil and soft rock, especially can realize the building-site test of sample and the reciprocal direct shear test of the water state ground of satisfying.
3. simple in structure, compactness is lighter, can conveniently be transported to the scene, has saved soil sample transportation cost and disturbance greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of this device;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation (main looking) of this device;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation (overlooking) of this device;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation (side-looking) of this device.
Among the figure:
10-sample is cut box,
11-go up shear boxs, 12-down cut box, 13-on cut the box fixed mount,
14-sample bearing plate, 15-sliding row, 16-cut seam to regulate pad;
20-framework,
21-vertical force-transmitting pole, 22-vertical reaction frame, 23-base, 24-horizontal force-transmitting pole;
30-loading system,
3A-vertical loading system, 3B-horizontal loading system,
31-manually oil pressure pump lifting jack, 32-speed-changing gear box, 33-variable-frequency motor;
40-saturation system,
41-water inlet pipe, 42-valve, 43-tank;
50-vacuum pump;
60-data acquisition system (DAS),
61-vertical direction stress and displacement transducer,
62-horizontal direction stress and displacement transducer.
Embodiment
Describe in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
1, overall
As Fig. 1, this device comprises that sample cuts box 10, framework 20, loading system 30, saturation system 40, vacuum pump 50 and data acquisition system (DAS) 60;
Its annexation is:
Cut sample box 10, loading system 30, saturation system 40, vacuum pump 50 and data acquisition system (DAS) 60 all are fixed on the framework 20 and form a whole;
Sample is cut among the tank 43 that box 10 places saturation system 40, guarantees that sample can be saturated fully;
Loading system 30 comprises vertical loading system 3A and horizontal loading system 3B, respectively and cut box 10 and is connected, realizes sample cut that box 10 vertically loads and horizontal loading;
Data acquisition system (DAS) 60 is cut box 10 with sample respectively and is connected with loading system 30, in real time the size of monitoring record power and the displacement of cutting box 10.
2, functional block
1) sample is cut box 10
As Fig. 1-4, it is a kind of modular construction (being made by Yongchang engineering experiment instrument company) that sample is cut box device 10, comprise shear box 11, down cut box 12, on cut box fixed mount 13, sample bearing plate 14, sliding row 15, cut seam adjusting pad 16;
Its annexation is:
Described upward shear box 11, down cut box 12 are two parts up and down of a kind of container;
Described sample bearing plate 14 is a kind of surface plate;
Described sliding row 15 is several smooth right cylinders that adopts the hard steel material to make;
The described seam adjusting pad 16 of cutting is smooth smooth stalloys that several employing hard steel materials are made, and the centre studs with steel ball and guaranteed sliding.
2) framework 20
As Fig. 1-4, framework 20(Yongchang engineering experiment instrument company makes) comprise vertical force-transmitting pole 21, vertical reaction frame 22, base 23 and horizontal force-transmitting pole 24;
Described vertical force-transmitting pole 21 is a kind of cylindrical steel column;
Described vertical reaction frame 22 is a kind of door type structure that is combined by crossbeam and two root posts, and crossbeam and column adopt nut to link closely the crossbeam adjustable height;
Described base 23 is processed by shaped steel, and the counter-force and the support of a whole set of instrument mainly are provided;
Described horizontal force-transmitting pole 24 is a kind of cylindrical steel column.
3) loading system 30
As Fig. 1-4, loading system 30 comprises vertical loading system 3A and horizontal loading system 3B,
Described vertical loading system 3A is a kind of manual oil pressure pump lifting jack 31;
Latter linked wheel box 32 and variable-frequency motor 33 before described horizontal loading system 3B comprises;
Its annexation is: manually oil pressure pump lifting jack 31 is fixed on the vertical reaction frame 22, applies vertical stress by force-transmitting pole 21 to sample; Vertical reaction frame 22 utilizes bolt on base 23; Wheel box 32 and variable-frequency motor 33 are fixed on the base 23, link to each other with down cut box 12 by horizontal force-transmitting pole 24, apply shear stress to sample.
Manually oil pressure pump lifting jack 31 selects for use Taiwan along the moving oil pressure pump lifting jack S-4T of emerging participants in a bridge game;
Variable-frequency motor 33 is common variable-frequency motor, selects the ZK145 of section in the Nanjing for use;
4) saturation device 40
As Fig. 1-4, saturation device 40 comprises water inlet pipe 41, valve 42 and the tank 43 that connects successively;
Described water inlet pipe 41 adopts common withstand voltage water pipe;
Described valve 42 adopts ordinary ball valve);
Described tank 43(Yongchang engineering experiment instrument company makes), adopt the corrosion resistant plate bolt combination to form, packing washer is arranged between the steel plate, can guarantee the sealing of tank.
5) vacuum pump 50
As Fig. 1, vacuum pump 50 is selected common vacuum pump for use, selects Zibo triumphant Buddhist nun's vacuum pump 2BE-165 for use.
6) data acquisition system (DAS) 60
As Fig. 1-4, data acquisition system (DAS) 60 is connected with displacement measurement sensor 62 with horizontal direction stress with displacement measurement sensor 61 with vertical direction stress respectively; Vertical direction stress and displacement measurement sensor 61 and horizontal direction stress and displacement measurement sensor 62 lay respectively on vertical force-transmitting pole 21 and the horizontal force-transmitting pole 24, and each sensor carries out collection analysis by 60 pairs of experimental datas of data acquisition system (DAS).
Data acquisition system (DAS) 60(Yongchang engineering experiment instrument company makes), gather stress, strain data in real time by sensor;
Vertical direction stress and displacement measurement sensor 61 adopt common displacement transducer and common strain gauge;
Displacement transducer is selected VOLFA linear displacement transducer, model WY020 for use;
Strain gauge is selected INTERFACE for use, the common s type of SM;
Horizontal direction stress and displacement measurement sensor 62 adopt common displacement transducer and common strain gauge;
Displacement transducer is selected VOLFA linear displacement transducer, model WY020 for use;
Strain gauge is selected INTERFACE for use, the common s type of SM.
Claims (6)
1. saturated rock soil sample direct shear test device is characterized in that:
Comprise that sample cuts box (10), framework (20), loading system (30), saturation system (40), vacuum pump (50) and data acquisition system (DAS) (60);
Cutting box (10), loading system (30), saturation system (40), vacuum pump (50) and data acquisition system (DAS) (60) all is fixed on the framework (20) and forms a whole;
Sample is cut among the tank (43) that box (10) places saturation system (40), guarantees that sample can be saturated fully;
Loading system (30) comprises vertical loading system (3A) and horizontal loading system (3B), respectively and cut box (10) and is connected, realizes sample cut that box (10) vertically loads and horizontal loading;
Vacuum pump (50) is connected with saturation system (40), and the tank (43) that seals is vacuumized processing;
Data acquisition system (DAS) (60) is cut box (10) with sample respectively and is connected with loading system (30), in real time the size of monitoring record power and the displacement of cutting box (10).
2. by the described a kind of saturated rock soil sample direct shear test device of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
It is a kind of modular construction that sample is cut box (10), comprise shear box (11), down cut box (12), on cut box fixed mount (13), sample bearing plate (14), sliding row (15), cut seam and regulate pad (16);
Last shear box (11) is positioned at down cut box 12(top), and by bolt and on cut box fixed mount (13) and be fixed on the base (23), shear box in the assurance (11) maintains static in experimentation;
Down cut box (12) is positioned between row sliding (15) and the last shear box (11), down cut box (12) is connected by cutting seam adjusting pad (16) with last shear box (11), directly reduce sliding friction by steel ball, down cut box (12) places on the sliding row (15) and is subjected to framework (20) fixedly to guarantee to slide along the shearing direction;
Sample bearing plate (14) places between shear box (11) sample and the vertical force-transmitting pole (21), vertical loading system (3A) passes to sample bearing plate (14) to vertical force by vertical force-transmitting pole (21), applies vertical stress by sample bearing plate (14) to sample;
Described upward shear box (11), down cut box (12) are two parts up and down of a kind of container;
Described sample bearing plate (14) is a kind of surface plate;
Described sliding row (15) is several smooth right cylinders that adopts the hard steel material to make;
The described seam adjusting pad (16) of cutting is several smooth smooth stalloys that adopt hard steel materials to make, and the centre studs with steel ball and guaranteed sliding.
3. by the described a kind of saturated rock soil sample direct shear test device of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Framework (20) comprises vertical force-transmitting pole (21), vertical reaction frame (22), base (23) and horizontal force-transmitting pole (24);
Described vertical force-transmitting pole (21) is a kind of cylindrical steel column;
Described vertical reaction frame (22) is a kind of door type structure that is combined by crossbeam and two root posts, and crossbeam and column adopt nut to link closely the crossbeam adjustable height;
Described horizontal force-transmitting pole (24) is a kind of cylindrical steel column.
4. by the described a kind of saturated rock soil sample direct shear test device of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Loading system (30) comprises vertical loading system (3A) and horizontal loading system (3B);
Described vertical loading system (3A) is a kind of manual oil pressure pump lifting jack (31);
Latter linked wheel box (32) and variable-frequency motor (33) before described horizontal loading system (3B) comprises;
Manually oil pressure pump lifting jack (31) is fixed on the vertical reaction frame (22), applies vertical stress by force-transmitting pole (21) to sample; Vertical reaction frame (22) utilizes bolt on base (23); Wheel box (32) and variable-frequency motor (33) are fixed on the base (23), link to each other with down cut box (12) by horizontal force-transmitting pole (24), apply shear stress to sample.
5. by the described a kind of saturated rock soil sample direct shear test device of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Saturation device (40) comprises water inlet pipe (41), valve (42) and the tank (43) that connects successively.
6. by the described a kind of saturated rock soil sample direct shear test device of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Data acquisition system (DAS) (60) is connected with displacement measurement sensor (62) with horizontal direction stress with displacement measurement sensor (61) with vertical direction stress respectively; Vertical direction stress and displacement measurement sensor (61) and horizontal direction stress and displacement measurement sensor (62) lay respectively on vertical force-transmitting pole (21) and the horizontal force-transmitting pole (24), and each sensor carries out collection analysis by data acquisition system (DAS) (60) to experimental data.
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| CN 201010612203 CN102095649A (en) | 2010-12-29 | 2010-12-29 | Direct shear testing device of saturated rock soil samples |
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| CN 201010612203 CN102095649A (en) | 2010-12-29 | 2010-12-29 | Direct shear testing device of saturated rock soil samples |
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