The sodium hydroxide medium of the high basicity of a kind of usefulness extracts the method for vanadium from v-bearing steel slag
Technical field
The sodium hydroxide medium that the present invention relates to the high basicity of a kind of usefulness extracts the method for vanadium from v-bearing steel slag, belong to metallurgical technology field.
Background technology
V-bearing steel slag be vanadium-bearing hot metal because of various reasons the formed V2O5 of containing of (not oxidised vanadium extraction operation) direct steelmaking (normal slag making) compare its calcium contents with normal vanadium slag and exceed standard greatly at 2% ~ 10% v-bearing steel slag.Because its calcium, iron level height, content of vanadium is lower, vanadium occurrence status complexity, disperse be distributed in multi mineral mutually in, make vanadium wherein be difficult to recycle by traditional pyrogenic process roasting extraction process.There is millions of tons of v-bearing steel slag dischargings every year in China and not processed, and the not still loss of vanadium resource has also caused environmental pressure.Though existing process for extracting vanadium is many, is difficult to adapt to the resource characteristics of v-bearing steel slag, and ubiquity cost height, pollutes and problems such as weigh, the rate of recovery is low.Traditional wet method process for extracting vanadium mainly adopts sodium or calcification baking to add the leaching method vanadium extraction.The commentaries on classics of sodium roast technology vanadium soaks that rate is lower, and the sodium salt consumption is big, the maturing temperature height, and energy consumption is big, and this technology and be not suitable for containing the high basicity slag vanadium extraction that the vanadium grade is low, CaO is high.Calcification baking has certain selectivity to material, and there are problems such as transformation efficiency is on the low side, cost is higher in general slag, is unsuitable for mass production.In addition, adopt pyrometallurgical smelting to reclaim vanadium in the slag in addition, this technology is v-bearing steel slag to be added in the agglomerate enter blast-furnace smelting as flux, vanadium is enrichment in molten iron, the molten iron vanadiumcontent is increased, and blowing obtains high-grade vanadium slag again, produces V2O5 or ferro-vanadium with this.This method easily produces the circulation enrichment in molten iron of phosphorus, sulphur, increases the weight of to make steel dephosphorization sulphur task.In addition, slag impurity is many, and the content of free calcium oxide is relatively low, can reduce grade of sinter, increases the iron manufacturing process energy consumption, should not allocate in a large number, so this technology does not reach the demand of actual production to the treatment capacity of v-bearing steel slag.And some emerging technologies such as selectivity are separated out, microorganism leaching, in-pulp electrolysis etc., are used for the research of v-bearing steel slag vanadium extraction, though effect is better, technology is still immature, and therefore the process for extracting vanadium to v-bearing steel slag has significant limitation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the sodium hydroxide medium of the high basicity of a kind of usefulness from v-bearing steel slag, to extract the method for vanadium, rate of recovery height (85% ~ 90%) to vanadium in the v-bearing steel slag, extraction temperature low (180 ~ 240 ℃), the slag treatment process can be carried out under the wet method condition, do not need high-temperature roasting, shorten the reaction times, realize the single high efficiency extraction of vanadium, solve the problems referred to above that background technology exists.
Technological method of the present invention is as follows:
The sodium hydroxide medium of the high basicity of a kind of usefulness extracts the method for vanadium from v-bearing steel slag, comprise following technological process: wear into-100 purpose powders behind the particle of slag raw material crushing for≤20mm, add reactor with water, sodium hydroxide medium, wherein, the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide and slag be 3:1 to 5:1, the mass concentration of sodium hydroxide medium (useful effect concentration) is 65 ~ 90%; Decompose stripping in condition of normal pressure, 180 ~ 240 ℃ of temperature of reaction, effective reaction time 1 ~ 6h; Again the reaction paste that obtains is diluted with thinner, obtain containing the mixed slurry of sodium hydroxide, vanadic acid sodium, water glass and tailings; Basicity 100 ~ the 400g/L of ore pulp is leached in control, at 80 ~ 130 ℃ mixed slurry is incubated filtering separation, adopts washing composition to wash to slag, obtains the tailings and the aqueous solution that contains vanadium, finishes removal of impurities and vanadium recovery with ordinary method then.
Said sodium hydroxide medium is to be matrix with sodium hydroxide, comprises the sodium salt blending agent of pure cerium hydroxide sodium and sodium hydroxide and different proportionings, and sodium salt comprises SODIUMNITRATE, yellow soda ash, sodium-chlor etc.
At different v-bearing steel slags, the reaction conditions difference contains the slag of vanadium of high price oxidation state, be reflected under the condition that does not need to feed any gas to carry out, and promptly in uncovered normal pressure reactor recyclable vanadium; Contain the slag of the vanadium of oxidation state at a low price, need to feed oxidizing gas, for example air or oxygen.
Used thinner is water or dilute alkaline soln.
Used washing composition is the solution that contains alkali 100 ~ 400g/L.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: temperature of reaction of the present invention low (180 ~ 240 ℃), solubility rate height (85% ~ 90%), the slag treatment process can be carried out under the wet method condition, do not need high-temperature roasting, low-temperature atmosphere-pressure just can carry out down, shorten the reaction times, easy handling, technology is simple and security good, realizes the single high efficiency extraction of vanadium; And atmospheric polluting materials such as the Cl2 that roasting brings, H Cl, dust, SO2 in the vanadium extraction process, have effectively been stopped.In addition, in leaching process, the liquid phase that produces is returned and is leached the operation recycle, effectively reduce the generation and the quantity discharged of waste water, from solved traditional roasting process for extracting vanadium temperature of reaction height (energy consumption height) at all, to vanadium the v-bearing steel slag, be difficult to recovery and recycling, problem such as vanadium recovery is low, three wastes discharge amount is big, have that production cost is low, an advantage such as economic benefit and environmental benefit are good.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is further described by embodiment.
In the various embodiments of the present invention, v-bearing steel slag is a bessemer furnace slag, and its Chemical Composition is as follows:
TiO2?=4.82%;?MnO=?1.70%;?TFe?=15.27%;?S?=0.281?%;V2O5?=3.63?%;Cr2O3=?1.18%;?FeO?=7.76?%;Al2O3=?2.79%;SiO2=?11.23%;?CaO?=44.51%;?MgO?=11.80%;?P=?0.594% 。
NaOH selects analytical pure or technical pure for use, and technical pure NaOH contains sodium hydroxide 96.0%, yellow soda ash 1.3%, sodium-chlor 2.7%.
Embodiment 1:
The sodium hydroxide medium of the high basicity of a kind of usefulness extracts the method for vanadium from v-bearing steel slag: take by weighing solid industry NaOH 200g in reactor, the deionized water that adds 50mL is to starting point concentration 60%, open stirring, stirring velocity 600rpm, heat temperature raising to 200 ℃, take by weighing in 50g v-bearing steel slag and the reactor reaction times 6h; Reaction end adds entry 400mL dilution in reactor, filtered off with suction, the basicity of liquid phase are 345g/L, and slag is carried out three washings; Adopt chemistry and instrumental analysis analysis slag mutually, the content of liquid phase vanadium, contain in the tailings vanadium total amount at 0.435wt%(in Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES), the leaching yield of gained vanadium is 87.5%.
Embodiment 2:
The sodium hydroxide medium of the high basicity of a kind of usefulness extracts the method for vanadium from v-bearing steel slag: take by weighing the pure NaOH 200g of solid analysis in reactor, the deionized water that adds 50mL is to starting point concentration 80%, open stirring, stirring velocity 600rpm, heat temperature raising to 240 ℃, take by weighing in 50g v-bearing steel slag and the reactor reaction times 4h.Reaction end adds entry 400mL dilution in reactor, filtered off with suction, the basicity of liquid phase are 356.5g/L, and slag is carried out three washings; Adopt chemistry and instrumental analysis slag mutually, the content of liquid phase vanadium, contain in the tailings vanadium total amount at 0.338wt%(in Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES), the leaching yield of gained vanadium is 90.3%.
Embodiment 3
The sodium hydroxide medium of the high basicity of a kind of usefulness extracts the method for vanadium from v-bearing steel slag: take by weighing the pure NaOH 175g of solid analysis, NaNO3 25g is in reactor, and the deionized water that adds 50mL is to initial alkali concn 70%, SODIUMNITRATE starting point concentration 10%; Open stirring, stirring velocity 600rpm, heat temperature raising to 220 ℃ takes by weighing in 50g v-bearing steel slag and the reactor reaction times 5h; Reaction end adds entry 400mL dilution in reactor, filtered off with suction, the basicity of liquid phase are 346.40g/L, and slag is carried out three washings; Adopt chemistry and instrumental analysis analysis slag mutually, the content of liquid phase vanadium.Contain in the tailings vanadium total amount at 0.452wt%(in Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES), the leaching yield of gained vanadium is 87%.
Embodiment 4
The sodium hydroxide medium of the high basicity of a kind of usefulness extracts the method for vanadium from v-bearing steel slag: take by weighing the pure NaOH 200g of solid analysis in reactor, the deionized water that adds 50mL is to starting point concentration 80%, open stirring, stirring velocity 600rpm, heat temperature raising to 180 ℃, take by weighing in 50g v-bearing steel slag and the reactor reaction times 5h; Reaction end adds entry 400mL dilution in reactor, filtered off with suction, the basicity of liquid phase are 335.40g/L, and slag is carried out three washings; Adopt chemistry and instrumental analysis analysis slag mutually, the content of liquid phase vanadium.Contain in the tailings vanadium total amount at 0.622wt%(in Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES), the leaching yield of gained vanadium is 82.1%.
Embodiment 5
The sodium hydroxide medium of the high basicity of a kind of usefulness extracts the method for vanadium from v-bearing steel slag: take by weighing in pure NaOH 200g of solid analysis and the reactor, the deionized water that adds 50mL is to starting point concentration 90%, open stirring, stirring velocity 600rpm, heat temperature raising to 180 ℃, take by weighing in 50g v-bearing steel slag and the reactor reaction times 5h; Reaction end adds entry 400mL dilution in reactor, filtered off with suction, the basicity of liquid phase are 335.40g/L, and slag is carried out three washings; Adopt chemistry and instrumental analysis analysis slag mutually, the content of liquid phase vanadium.The leaching yield of gained vanadium is 82.1%.