CN102092709A - Combined biomass particle carbonization furnace and carbonizing method thereof - Google Patents
Combined biomass particle carbonization furnace and carbonizing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a combined carbonization furnace which utilizes agricultural and forestry residue biomass particles to produce biomass carbon particles, and a carbonizing method thereof. The carbonization furnace contains a furnace body, a top cover, a burner, a swing door, a transverse exhaust pipe and a longitudinal exhaust pipe, wherein each component adopts the split-type design and the components are combined for use. The invention also provides a method which uses agricultural and forestry residue biomass as raw material and adopts the carbonization furnace to prepare biochar. The method comprises the following steps: selecting materials, processing the materials, assembling the furnace body, igniting the materials, filling the materials in the furnace, closing the cover, banking, etc. The agricultural and forestry residue biomass refers to corn stalks, corn cobs, peanut hulls, rice hulls, straws, waste edible mushroom medium for production or other wastes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural mechanical field, particularly a kind of built-up type charring furnace and charcoal processing method thereof of utilizing agricultural abandoned biomass particle manufacture biological particles charcoal.
Background technology
Characteristics such as biomass resource has wide material sources, easily focuses on, lowly pollute, renewable, application potential is huge.According to statistics, China is one of crop material only, and total resources is just above 700,000,000 tons.But, wherein there is 33-40% to be discarded in field or open incineration approximately, not only caused the serious waste of biomass resource, destroyed Soil structure, throughput is descended, also cause the serious environmental pollution, threatened communications and transportation and people's production, living safety.These depleted biomass resources are prepared in addition diversification development and use of charcoal by charring process; can solve the challenge that fields such as Sustainable development, energy-saving and cost-reducing, environment protection and improvement face to a great extent; help to make up the low-carbon high-efficiency Economic Development Mode, significant to ensureing National Environmental, the energy, grain security.
At present, the charring process that generally adopts both at home and abroad mainly contains two kinds: the first adopts broken extruding system rod to handle the totally-enclosed high temperature carbonization stove distillation process in back.In extruding system rod motion, the multi-cellular structure that raw material itself is had produces substantive destruction, and not only charing difficulty improves because of density increases, energy consumption is bigger, and is that primary products are carried out deep processing with this type of carbon rod, also needs to pulverize again.This a series of course of processing not only makes the weave construction of charcoal that variation has taken place, and adsorptive power weakens, and complex process, and production cost increases.It two is with the production of flaming formula direct heating high temperature carbonization shaft furnace, can directly throw in the raw material without any processing, promptly needn't broken extruding system rod, but the charcoal of producing is diversified in specifications, and ash oontent is higher, and carbonaceous and charcoal amount are difficult to guarantee, also are not easy to the later stage deep processing.Above-mentioned two kinds of technologies all need be carried out under 600-1000 ℃ of hot conditions, to having relatively high expectations of charring furnace, need the extra energy that drops into more, the production technique relative complex, and production cost is higher.Be subjected to the restriction of raw materials such as stalk cost problems such as " haul distance are far away, freight charges are high ", " concentrating the charcoal processing type " production model of the above-mentioned large-scale fixed apparatus of existing use more and more has been difficult to satisfy the demand of charcoal industry development.
In recent years, along with the appearance of semi-enclosed charring furnace anoxic destructive distillation novel process, low cost simple charcoal processing technology makes a breakthrough finally, is described simple and easy granule carbonization furnace of Chinese invention patent and the charcoal processing technology thereof of ZL200710086505.4 as the patent No..But, this simple and easy charring furnace still adopts fixed design, go out charcoal, prepurging, attended operation inconvenience, be difficult for carrying, and need be with charing after the agricultural abandoned biomass centralized collection, increased transportation cost, feeding mode is single, and security is relatively poor, has increased labor force's input cost thus, and production process needs water, is difficult in the charing on the spot of the starting material place of production.
Charring furnace provided by the invention adopts anoxic destructive distillation decomposition technique under 260-450 ℃ of condition, and varigrained biological particles is carried out direct inferior high temperature carbonization, and controls the feed rate of oxygen, burning carbonate under the anoxybiotic condition with the thickness that feeds in raw material.The biological particles charcoal hardness of producing with the present invention is little, and porosity is good, has kept the micropore and the good adsorption of original biological particles substantially, and processing characteristics is good, for the diversification product development and the application in later stage are laid a good foundation.Compare with above-mentioned simple and easy charring furnace, charring furnace provided by the invention designs for separate assembling, and does not need the water source in the charcoal processing process.The innovation of these design and craft aspects has changed existing production model, has significantly reduced production costs, improved security.At first, the charring furnace easy accessibility, be easy to transportation, and not limited by the water source, can be in the charcoal processing on the spot of the abandoned biomass place of production, concentrate charing and deep processing to change the at source charing on the spot of agricultural abandoned biomass, collection charcoal strange land deep processing or deep processing on the spot into from existing agricultural abandoned biomass collection, accumulating, strange land production model, fundamentally solved the cost problem of starting material transportations.Secondly, feeding mode and furnace sealing mode can effectively reduce labor force's input when guaranteeing finished product carbonaceous amount flexibly, cooling cooling naturally behind the body of heater complete closed anoxybiotic, and it is on duty to need not night, and security is higher.The 3rd, it is convenient that charcoal, prepurging, attended operation are used in the design of separate assembling, significantly reduces operation easier, improves working condition.In addition, charring furnace provided by the invention can be arranged in open-air production, need not factory building, without ventilation installation, significantly reduces cost.
The present invention is to provide a kind of easy accessibility, be easy to transport, combined semi sealing anoxic dry distillation carbonizing furnace easy and simple to handle, and a kind of and this charring furnace is complementary, cleaning, environmental protection, efficiently, charcoal preparation technology cheaply, have a extensive future.
Summary of the invention
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of combined bio matter granule carbonization furnace, this charring furnace comprises base 12, body of heater 4, top cover 2, burner 5, revolving door 1, transverse row tracheae 10 and vertical vapor pipe 8; Each assembly adopts split-type design, is used in combination.
For the ease of assembling and fixing, can increase body of heater draw-in groove 11, burner draw-in groove 9, sleeve 3 and hinge 7.
For the ease of the intravital oxygen supply amount of control stove, be provided with two relative inlet mouths 6 and vertical vapor pipe 8 at the nearly base position in body of heater bottom.
Preferred, body of heater 4, burner 5 are right cylinder, are more conducive to material homogeneous combustion in the body of heater, avoid producing half-cooked charcoal.
The preferred specification of each parts be of a size of: body of heater 4 is double-layer plate, insulation interlayer in the middle of making of asbestos yarn; Body of heater is the cylinder bodily form, high 120cm, diameter 120cm; Base 12 is rectangle, long 200cm, wide 140cm; Transverse row tracheae 10 is the cylinder bodily form, makes of steel plate, and long 90cm, diameter are 14cm; Top cover 2 bottoms are frustoconical, diameter 122cm; Top is cylindrical, diameter 30cm, high 20cm; Circular revolving door 1 diameter 30cm; Burner 5 is cylindrical, high 60cm, and diameter 30cm, a circular open is arranged at the burner bottom, and opening diameter is 15cm, and burner is made of the thick checkered sheet of 4mm.
Body of heater draw-in groove 11 is rounded, diameter 126cm; Cover tube length 30cm, internal diameter 4cm is horizontal by 30 degree angles.
Inlet mouth diameter 14cm, attached circular air-inlet cover.
The present invention further provides the purposes of above-mentioned charring furnace aspect charcoal processing.
It is raw material that the present invention provides with the agricultural abandoned biomass simultaneously, uses the method that above-mentioned charring furnace prepares charcoal, comprise select materials, steps such as material processing, body of heater assembling, material are ignited, material shove charge, buckle closure, banking.
Described selecting materials is meant agricultural abandoned biomass natural air drying or artificial drying; Described agricultural abandoned biomass is meant one or more in the discarded edible mushroom matrix of maize straw, corn cob, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, rice husk, straw or production, but is not limited to this.
Described material processing is meant can adopt any crumbling method of the prior art that above-mentioned biomass processing is pulverized.
The assembling of described body of heater is meant with the combination of components of charring furnace together.
Described material ignites and is meant that a small amount of material with lighting sends into burner along vapor pipe, and wherein dried material ignites.
Described material shove charge is meant after material ignites, and rest materials is continued pour in the body of heater.
Described buckle closure is meant after body of heater is filled material, and top cover is buckled in the body of heater top.
Described banking is meant in the charcoal processing process, with the seam of each inter-module of earth sealing charring furnace that wets soft.
On in continuous flow procedure, also comprise the prepurging step, described prepurging is meant removes the carbon granule that remains on body of heater or the base; Resistates in the vapor pipe is removed.
Compare with existing large-scale centralized charring furnace, fixed simple and easy charring furnace, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, carrying is convenient in built-up type design, significantly reduces the starting material transportation cost.The charring furnace of the present invention's exploitation adopts the built-up type design, and assembling, dismounting, convenient transportation both be suitable for extensive centralized production, also were suitable for the small-scale production of single household.Can be transported to the starting material place of production easily, realize the charing on the spot of agriculture and forestry organic waste material, with the transportation of starting material transportation changing into charcoal, transportation cost significantly reduction reaches 70%.
2, need not the energy, water source, production cost and environmental requirement are extremely low.The charcoal processing technology of the present invention's exploitation need not the outside resources input, only relies on spontaneous combustion to finish carbonization process; Charring furnace sealing back is isolated with oxygen, extinguishes gradually, cools off.Comparing with existing charing method does not need energy input, does not need the water source to cool.Not retrained by the energy, water source, environmentally friendly, safety and environmental protection can be operated in the open air, does not need factory building, ventilation installation etc., and production cost is low.
3, charring process is flexible, easy.The built-up type charring furnace that the present invention uses can disposablely feed intake, also can the layering step feeding.Compare with the disposable feeding method that totally-enclosed charring furnace distillation process adopts, carbonaceous is even, does not have " half-cooked particle ", and quality is good; Compare with the branch secondary clearing feeding method that fixed semiclosed simple and easy charring furnace adopts, it is on duty that charcoal processing technology provided by the invention need not night, and labor cost significantly reduces.
4, carbonaceous is good, good processability.Compare with totally enclosed charring furnace destructive distillation decomposition technique, the present invention adopts anoxic destructive distillation decomposition technique under 150-450 ℃ of condition, varigrained biological particles is carried out direct inferior high temperature carbonization, the charcoal of preparation has kept the micropore and the good adsorption of original biological particles substantially, more meet and make slow-release fertilizer, soil improvement agent matrix, and the raw-material requirement of other diversification products.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a built-up type charring furnace structural representation.
Wherein: (1). revolving door, (2). top cover, (3). sleeve, (4). body of heater, (5). burner, (6). inlet mouth, (7). hinge, (8). vertical vapor pipe, (9). burner deck, (10). transverse row tracheae, (11). body of heater draw-in groove, (12). base.
Embodiment
Combined semi sealing Ya Gaowen anoxic dry distillation carbonizing furnace provided by the invention can use the agricultural abandoned biomass to be the feedstock production charcoal, but is not limited to the agricultural abandoned biomass.But the manual operation of combined semi sealing Ya Gaowen anoxic dry distillation carbonizing furnace, independent operating also can be used with equipment such as raw material travelling belt, agitators.
Charcoal preparation technology provided by the invention is simple, employing is anoxic destructive distillation decomposition technique under 150-450 ℃ of condition, varigrained biological particles is carried out direct inferior high temperature carbonization, control the feed rate of oxygen with reinforced thickness, adopt mechanical means to control anoxia condition automatically or the Artificial Control anoxia condition is produced the biological particles charcoal.Preferably, Artificial Control anoxia condition.Adopt the charcoal of equipment provided by the invention and prepared to keep the micropore and the good adsorption of original biological particles substantially, it is more met make slow-release fertilizer, soil improvement agent matrix, or directly prepare charing bio-coal etc.The byproducts such as wooden vinegar that produce in the charcoal processing process can be used as farm crop seedling bed earth modulator, odor scavenging agent, soil improvement agent (reduce soil pH value, improve soil acidity).
Charring furnace provided by the present invention as shown in Figure 1, comprises revolving door 1, top cover 2, body of heater 4, burner 5, inlet mouth 6, vapor pipe 8 and 10, base 12 etc.Vapor pipe 8 can be connected with the condensation of gas system with 10, be used to reclaim the byproduct that is produced when charring furnace is produced the biological particles charcoal, as wooden vinegar.Condenser system can adopt any condensation of gas system of the prior art (not shown, the common technology that it may occur to persons skilled in the art that), as long as can realize gas cooling is condensed into liquid.Preferably, adopt water cycle condensation of gas system.
Described charring furnace can use any flame-proof thermal insulation material to make.Preferably, add flame-proof thermal insulation material with the double-layer plate intermediate course and make body of heater 4.Described top cover 2, transverse row tracheae 10, base 12 can use the individual layer steel plate to make.The thickness of above-mentioned steel plate can be 4-10mm, preferably 4mm.The flame-proof thermal insulation material that the steel plate intermediate course adds is preferably asbestos yarn.
Described body of heater 4 can be made into different shapeies such as cuboid, the cube shaped or cylinder bodily form according to producing needs.Be preferably the cylinder bodily form, high 120cm, diameter 120cm.Body of heater upper edge steel reinforcing, and extend outward the top cover deck, in order to place top cover 2.The body of heater outer upper is provided with two relative sleeves 3, and sleeve is horizontal by 30 degree angles, and a lower end is towards the direction of vertical vapor pipe 8.The nearly base position in body of heater bottom is provided with two relative inlet mouths 6, by circular air-inlet cover sealing, is used to control oxygen supply amount in the body of heater.Inlet mouth diameter 12-15cm.Preferably, diameter 14cm.The inlet mouth diameter is the 1/10-1/8 of furnace diameter or width in principle, and those skilled in the art can adjust voluntarily according to the body of heater volume.The outside, body of heater 4 bottoms is provided with a venting port towards the direction of vapor pipe, is used to place transverse row tracheae 10.Venting port can be made into circle or rectangle.Preferably, venting port is circular, diameter 14cm.
Described body of heater 4 places in the body of heater draw-in groove 11 on the base 12, links to each other with base by hinge 7.Base is a rectangle, long 150-200cm, wide 140-160cm.Preferably, the long 200cm of base, wide 140cm.Draw-in groove is rounded, and diameter is greater than furnace diameter 2-8cm.Preferably, diameter is 126cm.Draw-in groove is welded on nearly vapor pipe one side of base upper surface.Hinge 7 is welded on the base position relative with vapor pipe, links to each other with draw-in groove.
Described base 12 lower surfaces can be reinforced by channel-section steel.
Described vapor pipe is made up of vertical vapor pipe 8 and transverse row tracheae 10.Vapor pipe 8 usefulness sheet plates are made, and the transverse row tracheae is made of steel plate.Vapor pipe can be made into triangle cylindricality, square column type or cylindrical, and vertically the vapor pipe height should be greater than the body of heater height, and transverse row tracheae length should be greater than the body of heater radius.Preferably, vapor pipe is cylindrical, diameter 14cm, and vertically the vapor pipe height is 2-3.5m, transverse row tracheae length is 90cm; Preferred, vertically the height of vapor pipe is 2-2.5m.
Described top cover 2 bottoms are frustoconical, radius greater than body of heater radius 1-2cm, place during use in the upper of furnace body top cover draw-in groove.Top cover top is cylindrical, diameter 30-40cm, high 20-30cm, in be provided with circular revolving door 1.Revolving door is fixed on the top cover by curved handle, can open and close degree by the handle adjustment.Preferably, top cover lower diameter 122cm, top cover upper diameter 30cm, high 20cm.
Described body of heater 4 inside are provided with burner 5, and are fixing by the burner deck on the base 9.Burner can be made into cylindrical or cube shaped, and lower surface is open, height 40-80cm, and diameter or width are 20-40cm.Preferably, burner is made into cylindrical, height 60cm, diameter 30cm.In principle, burner height is 1/2 of a body of heater height, and diameter is 1/4 of a furnace diameter, and those skilled in the art can adjust voluntarily according to charring furnace volume and shape.Bottom, burner side is provided with circle or square aperture, and in order to feed the transverse row tracheae, the diameter or the length of side should be slightly larger than horizontal row to tracheal diameter.Preferably, the burner opening is circular, diameter 15cm.Burner can be made of the thick steel plate of 3-7mm, and is preferred, makes of the steel plate that 5mm is thick.Steel plate should be made netted or evenly boring in the above, and the size in hole can not be by being as the criterion with material particles, and the density in hole should be tried one's best greatly, but will guarantee to bear the pressure of material in the body of heater.The position of burner deck 9 is adjusted according to burner size, and the angle bar of 4 high 30cm preferably is welded on the base the angular direction according to four of burner.
The available any temperature monitoring mode of the prior art of monitoring of temperature preferably adopts mechanical type or digital temperature controller to monitor in the above-mentioned charring furnace body of heater, and the digital temperature controller of preferred employing XMT-121 type is monitored.The digital temperature controller of XMT-121 type is the common instrument of this area, and the instrument shop is all available on market.Temperature controller can be installed in furnace body inside or plant in body of heater in the material.Preferably, temperature controller is installed in furnace body inside.
Charring furnace provided by the present invention adopts anoxic destructive distillation decomposition principle, will through the biological particles after the preliminary working one by one, layering packs into and lights in the stove, implementation feed particles spontaneous combustion (not external heat source) makes biological particles anoxic thermal degradation.When temperature was heated to more than 150 ℃, the complex construction of biological particles began to decompose.When temperature during, decompose aggravation, and generate tar, gas and black charcoal crude granule greater than 260 ℃.
The present invention provides simultaneously and uses above-mentioned charring furnace with the technical process that the agricultural abandoned biomass prepares charcoal, comprise select materials, material processing, prepurging, assemble, ignite, shove charge, buckle closure, banking, step such as come out of the stove.
Described agricultural abandoned biomass is meant maize straw, corn cob, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, rice husk, straw, production discarded edible mushroom matrix etc., but is not limited thereto.
Described selecting materials is meant agricultural abandoned biomass natural air drying or artificial drying, and its water content is reduced to below 20%.Preferably, water content is reduced to below 16%.Wherein, the material that is used to ignite should be reduced to water content below 8%.Preferably, water content is reduced to below 5%.
The processing of described material is meant can adopt the qualified biomass processing pulverizing that any crumbling method will be above-mentioned in the prior art.Biological particles diameter after the pulverizing is 2-10mm; Preferably, the biological particles diameter after the pulverizing is 2-7mm; Preferred, the biological particles diameter after the pulverizing is 2-5mm.The screening of can sieving of biological particles after the pulverizing can be processed again for undesirable biological particles.For Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, rice husk etc., can be without fragmentation, directly charing.
Described prepurging is meant removes the carbon granule that remains on body of heater or the base; Resistates in the vapor pipe is removed.
Described assembling is meant the base of charring furnace, body of heater, burner, top cover, exhaust stack is lumped together.Before igniting, at first body of heater to be placed in the base draw-in groove, the place is connected and fixed at hinge.A small amount of material that tiles in burner draw-in groove position then is buckled in burner on the material, is fixed by the burner draw-in groove.The transverse row tracheae is inserted by the body of heater exhaust ports, enter burner inside by the lateral opening of burner, the vapor pipe end places the bottom of furnace body central position.
Described igniting is meant that a small amount of material with lighting sends into burner along the transverse row tracheae, and wherein dried material ignites.
Described shove charge is meant after igniting, and the biological particles that processes is packed in the body of heater, and initial material add-on is advisable to cover on the burner 30-60 centimetre.Be preferably 30-40 centimetre.After material is lighted, continue spontaneous combustion, need not external heat source.Material is the anoxic charing under inferior hot conditions.Preferred inferior hot conditions is temperature 150-450 ℃, is more preferably 200 ℃-450 ℃ of temperature, further 260 ℃-450 ℃ of temperature preferably.When temperature was heated to more than 150 ℃, the particulate complex construction began to decompose; Decompose aggravation during greater than 260 ℃ when temperature, generate tar and gas; When temperature reaches 450 ℃, begin anoxybiotic, atomizing, generate black charcoal crude granule.With oxygen supply amount in the reinforced gauge control body of heater, anoxia condition can adopt mechanical means control or Artificial Control automatically in the body of heater.Preferably, Artificial Control anoxia condition.When temperature in the body of heater reaches 450 ℃, in time replenish Material control oxygen supply amount.The thickness that at every turn appends material is 10-30 centimetre, is preferably 15-20 centimetre.Also can replenish Material control oxygen supply amount at any time according to the intravital material combustion position of stove, the timed interval of at every turn appending material is approximately 1-2 hour.
Described buckle closure is meant after filling material, and top cover is buckled in the body of heater top.After last layer material begins charing, material is finally filled up and buckle closure, by the control of the revolving door on top cover oxygen inlet.
If temperature does not reach 450 ℃ in the stove, be prone to " half-cooked charcoal ", can reduce quality product.At this moment should check whether material bed on new seals lower floor tightly, and whether burner is out of joint, and in time adjusts as the case may be.
After described banking is meant and reaches buckle closure in the charcoal processing process,, guarantee that body of heater inside and extraneous oxygen completely cut off with the seam of each inter-module of sealing charring furnace such as soft earth that wet.
Described coming out of the stove is meant that the charcoal with preparing shifts out.Behind the banking, oxygen exhausts gradually in the body of heater, and material extinguishes.Place after 12-24 hour naturally cooling.After treating to cool off fully, the removal top cover inserts with two crowbars in the sleeve of body of heater both sides, and two people cooperate and firmly open burner downwards, the finished product charcoal are shifted out metering packing.
Charring furnace is made up of revolving door 1, top cover 2, sleeve 3, body of heater 4, burner 5, inlet mouth 6, hinge 7, vertical vapor pipe 8 and transverse row tracheae 10, burner deck 9, body of heater draw-in groove 11 and base 12, as shown in Figure 1.Vapor pipe is connected with water cycle condensation of gas system, reclaims wooden vinegar.Charring furnace body of heater 4 is the thick double-layer plate of 8mm, insulation interlayer in the middle of making of asbestos yarn.Body of heater is the cylinder bodily form, high 120cm, diameter 120cm.The cover tube length 30cm of body of heater outer upper, internal diameter 4cm is horizontal by 30 degree angles.Inlet mouth diameter 14cm is by circular air-inlet cover sealing.Diameter of outlet 14cm engages closely with vapor pipe.
Vertically vapor pipe 8 usefulness sheet plates are made, high 250cm, and transverse row tracheae 10 usefulness steel plates are made, long 90cm, diameter is 14cm, and the nook is connected by bend pipe.
This embodiment and embodiment 1 are roughly the same, and difference only is body of heater 4mm steel plate making.The size of each assembly is dwindled one times in the ratio of embodiment 1.
This embodiment and embodiment 1 are roughly the same, and difference only is body of heater 10mm steel plate making, no intermediate course.The size of each assembly is put in the ratio of embodiment 1 and is twice.
This embodiment and embodiment 1 are roughly the same, and difference only is not have base, body of heater to place on the smooth ground to get final product.
The description that present embodiment is exemplary the method for utilizing combined semi provided by the invention sealing granule carbonization furnace to produce the corn cob granule charcoal, comprise select materials, material processing, prepurging, assemble, ignite, shove charge, buckle closure, banking, step such as come out of the stove, but be not limited to this.
Select materials: its water content is reduced to below 16% the corn cob natural air drying.Wherein, the material that is used to ignite should be reduced to water content below 8%.
Material processing: adopt FB-1 type crusher that above-mentioned qualified corn cob processing is pulverized, the corn cob granule diameter after the pulverizing is 2-10mm.Described FB-1 type crusher is the conventional machinery of this area.
Prepurging: the carbon granule that will remain on body of heater or the base is removed; Resistates in the vapor pipe is removed.
Assembling: body of heater is placed in the base draw-in groove, and the place is connected and fixed at hinge.A small amount of material that tiles in burner draw-in groove position then is buckled in burner on the material, is fixed by the burner deck.Horizontal vapor pipe is inserted by the body of heater exhaust ports, enter burner inside by the lateral opening of burner, the vapor pipe end places the bottom of furnace body central position.
Ignite: a small amount of material that will light is sent into burner along the transverse row tracheae, and wherein dried material ignites.
Shove charge: the corn cob granule that processes is packed in the body of heater, and the bed of material is higher than burner 60cm.Fed in raw material once every about 1 hour, thickness is 10-30cm.Observe directly the interior material of body of heater and be subjected to thermal conditions, with oxygen supply amount in the bed thickness Artificial Control body of heater.Reinforced 5-10 time of whole process.
Buckle closure: after filling material for the last time, top cover is buckled in the body of heater top, the revolving door place closes revolving door when having a large amount of steam to overflow.
Banking: with the seam of each inter-module of yellow mud sealing charring furnace that wets soft.
Come out of the stove: cool off after 12 hours, the removal top cover inserts with two crowbars in the sleeve of body of heater both sides, and two people cooperate the blow-on body that pounds downwards, the finished product charcoal are shifted out metering packing.
Can become granularity to the further grinding and processing of corn cob granule charcoal of coming out of the stove as required is 80-100 purpose particulate.
The production technique of stalk particle charcoal, mushroom dish particle charcoal is except that the raw material difference, and other technology and present embodiment are basic identical, can this embodiment as a reference.
The description that present embodiment is exemplary the method for utilizing combined semi provided by the invention sealing granule carbonization furnace to produce Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae particle charcoal.This embodiment and embodiment 5 are roughly the same, and difference do not need only to be material processing, and Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae is the shove charge charing directly.
The production technique of rice husk particle charcoal is except that the raw material difference, and other technology and present embodiment are basic identical, can this embodiment as a reference.
The technique effect of embodiment 7 combined semis sealing anoxic dry distillation carbonizing furnace
The described simple and easy granule carbonization furnace of Chinese invention patent that the combined semi sealing anoxic dry distillation carbonizing furnace of embodiment 1 exemplary description and the patent No. are ZL200710086505.4 adopts production technique separately to produce the corn cob granule charcoal, carry out performance relatively, result such as following table.
Table 1
The purposes of embodiment 8 biological particles charcoals
Present embodiment is that the described special carbon-base slow release fertilizer for corn of Chinese invention patent of ZL200710097754.3 is an example with the patent No., the process that exemplary description utilizes the charcoal of embodiment 5-6 preparation to produce carbon-base slow release fertilizer.
Utilize the many micropores of biological particles charcoal, strong adsorptive power, compound with the necessary nitrogen of corn growth, phosphorus, potassium and other nutritive elements, and make binding agent with Acidic Bentonite or clay, make particulate state corn special efficient carbon-base slow release composite fertilizer.Following blending ratio is all by weight mixing.
(1) with nitrogen content is 46% granular urea, 80-100 purpose biological particles carbon particle and binding agent; mixed by 50%, 35% and 15%; carry out the pressure granulation with KP-300 type fertilizer tablets press, make nitrogen content (N) and be 23% particle charcoal slow-release nitrogen fertilizer.
(2) will contain N11%, P
2O
546% monoammonium phosphate powder, 80-100 purpose biological particles carbon particle and binding agent, the mixed by 70%, 20% and 10% is carried out the pressure granulation with KP-300 type fertilizer tablets press, makes nitrogen content (N) 7.7%, phosphorus content (P
2O
5) be 32.2% particle charcoal compound nitrogen phosphate fertilizer.
(3) with potassium content (K
2O) be that 60% Repone K, 80-100 purpose particle carbon particle, binding agent, zinc content (Zn) are 23% zinc sulfate, the mixed by 60%, 24%, 15%, 1% is carried out the pressure granulation with KP-300 type fertilizer tablets press, makes potassium content (K
2O) be 36% particle charcoal potassium zinc composite fertilizer.
(4) getting nitrogen content (N) is 90 parts of 46% granular ureas; 10 parts of 100 purpose particle carbon particles; the disc type tablets press that utilization has heating function carries out dressing, and this step adopts this area coating method commonly used in the prior art, makes particle charcoal simple substance slow-release nitrogen fertilizer.
(5) compound: the finished product of (1), (2), (3) and (4) in 30%, 16%, 23% and 31% ratio compound, and are stirred with ZLC-300 type stirrer.
Above-described granular urea, monoammonium phosphate powder, Repone K, zinc sulfate are all available at Agricultural Materials shop.Acidic Bentonite or clay are made binding agent.KP-300 type fertilizer tablets press, ZLC-300 type stirrer all are conventional machineries of this area.
The production technique and the present embodiment of special charcoal-base slow release fertilizer for peanut, special charcoal-base slow release fertilizer for soybean are basic identical, can this embodiment as a reference.
The purposes of the byproduct that embodiment 9 is produced when producing the biological particles charcoal
The byproduct that is produced when utilizing embodiment 1-4 charring furnace to produce the biological particles charcoal, preferably the wooden vinegar of Chan Shenging can be used as farm crop seedling bed earth modulator, odor scavenging agent, soil improvement agent (reduce soil pH value, improve soil acidity).Preferably, as farm crop seedling bed earth modulator, livestock and poultry house and other environmental odors scavenging agent or alkaline land modifying agents.
Utilize the condensation of gas system that is connected with venting port, reclaim the mixture of liquefaction, need not separate again, directly replace sulfuric acid or vitriol in the existing farm crop seedling bed earth modulator, preparation farm crop seedling bed earth modulator can effectively be avoided existing seedling bed earth modulator owing to use the irregular injury that the farm crop rice shoot is caused.Utilize bed soil amendment provided by the invention, the rice shoot root is thick, well developed root system, and the seedling stem is sturdy.Every square metre of seedbed consumption is the 20-50 gram.
Above embodiment only is used to explain the present invention, can not be interpreted as concrete restriction of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a combined bio matter granule carbonization furnace is characterized in that this charring furnace comprises body of heater (4), top cover (2), burner (5), revolving door (1), transverse row tracheae (10) and vertical vapor pipe (8); Each assembly adopts split-type design, is used in combination.
2. charring furnace as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that also comprising base (12), body of heater draw-in groove (11), burner draw-in groove (9), sleeve (3) and hinge (7); Be provided with two relative inlet mouths (6) at the nearly base position in body of heater bottom.
3. charring furnace as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that described body of heater (4) and burner (5) are right cylinder.
4. charring furnace as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: body of heater (4) is a double-layer plate, insulation interlayer in the middle of making of asbestos yarn, and body of heater is the cylinder bodily form, high 120cm, diameter 120cm; Transverse row tracheae (10) is the cylinder bodily form, makes of steel plate, and long 90cm, diameter are 14cm; Top cover (2) bottom is frustoconical, diameter 122cm, and top is cylindrical, diameter 30cm, high 20cm; Circular revolving door (1) diameter 30cm; Burner (5) is cylindrical, high 60cm, and diameter 30cm, a circular open is arranged at the burner bottom, and opening diameter is 15cm, and burner is made of the thick checkered sheet of 4mm.
5. charring furnace as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: body of heater (4) is a double-layer plate, insulation interlayer in the middle of making of asbestos yarn, and body of heater is the cylinder bodily form, high 120cm, diameter 120cm; Transverse row tracheae (10) is the cylinder bodily form, makes of steel plate, and long 90cm, diameter are 14cm; Top cover (2) bottom is frustoconical, diameter 122cm, and top is cylindrical, diameter 30cm, high 20cm; Circular revolving door (1) diameter 30cm; Burner (5) is cylindrical, high 60cm, and diameter 30cm, a circular open is arranged at the burner bottom, and opening diameter is 15cm, and burner is made of the thick checkered sheet of 4mm;
Base (12) is rectangle, long 200cm, wide 140cm; Body of heater draw-in groove (11) is rounded, diameter 126cm; Cover tube length 30cm, internal diameter 4cm is horizontal by 30 degree angles; Inlet mouth diameter 14cm, attached circular air-inlet cover.
6. utilize the method for the arbitrary described charring furnace charcoal processing of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that comprising select materials, material processing, body of heater assembling, material are ignited, material shove charge, buckle closure, banking step;
Described selecting materials is meant agricultural abandoned biomass natural air drying or artificial drying; Described agricultural abandoned biomass is meant one or more in the discarded edible mushroom matrix of maize straw, corn cob, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, rice husk, straw or production;
Described material processing is meant pulverizes above-mentioned biomass processing;
The assembling of described body of heater is meant with the combination of components of charring furnace together;
Described material ignites and is meant that a small amount of material with lighting sends into burner along the transverse row tracheae, and wherein dried material ignites;
Described material shove charge is meant after material ignites, and rest materials is continued pour in the body of heater;
Described buckle closure is meant after body of heater is filled material, and top cover is buckled in the body of heater top;
Described banking is meant in the charcoal processing process, with the seam of each inter-module of earth sealing charring furnace that wets soft.
7. method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that also comprising the prepurging step, and described prepurging is meant removes the carbon granule that remains on body of heater or the base, and the resistates in the vapor pipe is removed.
8. the purposes of the arbitrary described charring furnace of claim 1-5 aspect charcoal processing.
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| CN102659474A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-09-12 | 上海中科高等研究院 | Biological carbon base compound fertilizer and preparing method thereof |
| CN103087738A (en) * | 2012-12-06 | 2013-05-08 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | Internal-heating continuous type biochar equipment |
| CN103627418A (en) * | 2013-11-30 | 2014-03-12 | 云南榕正生物能源有限公司 | Method for preparing charcoal by using straw |
| CN104285654A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-01-21 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | High-quality flue-cured tobacco root cultivation method |
| CN108085083A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-05-29 | 肇庆学院 | A kind of packaged type field limits the apparatus and method for that oxygen prepares biomass carbon in situ |
| CN109179363A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2019-01-11 | 湖南工业大学 | A kind of charcoal and preparation method thereof of Screw Extrusion processing |
| CN109879282A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-06-14 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of method that thermal field argon-arc plasma field double-field coupled prepares biomass-based active carbon |
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| CN102659474A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-09-12 | 上海中科高等研究院 | Biological carbon base compound fertilizer and preparing method thereof |
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| CN109179363A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2019-01-11 | 湖南工业大学 | A kind of charcoal and preparation method thereof of Screw Extrusion processing |
| CN109879282A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-06-14 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of method that thermal field argon-arc plasma field double-field coupled prepares biomass-based active carbon |
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Application publication date: 20110615 Assignee: Liaoning Hefu Agricultural Development Co. Ltd. Assignor: Chen Wenfu Contract record no.: 2014210000070 Denomination of invention: Combined biomass particle carbonization furnace and carbonizing method thereof Granted publication date: 20120822 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20140822 |
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Effective date of registration: 20170703 Address after: Faku County Shenyang Liaoning province 110419 City Meng Jia Green Food Development Zone Patentee after: Shenyang Longtai Biological Engineering Co. Ltd. Address before: Dongling road in Shenhe District of Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, No. 120 110866 Patentee before: Chen Wenfu |