CN102054598A - Silver copper oxide/copper composite electrical contact material and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Silver copper oxide/copper composite electrical contact material and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a silver copper oxide/copper composite electrical contact material and a preparation process thereof. The process comprises the following steps: mixing silver and copper according to certain proportions, and then, smelting the mixture in an intermediate frequency furnace; then, carrying out alloy atomization by using high pressure water atomizing equipment; baking after atomization to obtain powder; screening; putting the screened powder into an internal oxidization furnace for oxidizing at certain temperature and oxygen pressure; carrying out isostatic cool pressing after oxidization to form a billet; sintering and extruding to form a plate; and then, carrying out composite rolling with copper to obtain a finished product. Because the formula and process disclosed by the invention are reasonable, the produced electrical contact has the characteristics of high conductivity, uniform and fine tissue, high bonding strength between a working layer and a welding layer, fusion welding resistance, electrical arc erosion resistance and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the metal-base composites field, specifically be meant a kind of silver copper oxide/copper composite electric contact material and preparation technology thereof.
Background technology
Electrical contact is the key element of appliance switches such as relay, contactor, and the quality of its performance directly influences appliance switch reliability of operation and useful life.Electrical apparatus industry both domestic and external for a long time uses Agcdo/silver contact material in a large number, but silver cadmium oxide material has certain toxicity.Raising along with people's living standard, people are also more and more higher to the requirement of the combination property of electrical equipment, the silver copper oxide material is current another novel environment-friendly type contact material that replaces silver cadmium oxide material, and adopts silver copper oxide/cuprum composite contact material can save 30 ~ 50% silver.
Some enterprises adopt " internal oxidation " development and production silver copper oxide contact material both at home and abroad at present, and the silver copper oxide contact that this method is produced is whole silver-based contact, and the weak point of these technologies is: the whole silver content height of contact material, production cost height.
Summary of the invention
Of the present invention first each and every one purpose is in order to overcome the shortcoming and defect that prior art exists, and provide a kind of silver copper oxide/copper composite electric contact material, this electrical contact has the conductivity height, characteristics such as even tissue is careful, a working lining and weldering knot layer bond strength height, anti-melting welding, anti-electrical arc erosion.
Another object of the present invention provides the preparation technology of above-mentioned silver copper oxide/copper composite electric contact material, and this technology has that preparation technology is simple, cost is low.
For realizing first purpose of the present invention, technical scheme of the present invention is that this electrical contact material working lining is made up of silver, cupric oxide and mixed rare-earth oxide, each composition weight content is: 87% ~ 91.8%Ag, 8% ~ 12%CuO, 0.1% ~ 1.0% mixed rare-earth oxide, the weld layer of electrical contact material are T2 copper.
Further being provided with is that mixed rare-earth oxide is the mixture of cerium oxide, lanthana, yittrium oxide.
T2 copper is No. 2 fine copper both, according to GB GB/T 1527-97, and copper content 〉=99.90% of T2 copper.
For realizing second purpose of the present invention, technical scheme of the present invention is to comprise following operation:
(1) melting atomizing preparation yellow gold powder, with Ag ingot, Cu ingot and mishmetal by after three's weight ratio: 90.5% ~ 91.8%:7.4% ~ 8.8%:0.1% ~ 0.8% proportioning, melting in intermediate frequency furnace, carry out alloy atomization with hydraulic atomized equipment then, be dried into the yellow gold powder after the atomizing;
(2) with after the yellow gold powder oven dry screening, granularity oxidation furnace in 100 orders ~ 300 purpose powder are packed into is carried out oxidation, temperature is controlled at 500 ℃ ~ 800 ℃ during oxidation, and oxygen is pressed and remained on 0.2 MPa ~ 0.6MPa, takes out after 2 h ~ 10h oxidation and detects;
(3) after the silver copper oxide pre-oxidation powder that step (2) made detects and meets the requirements, under static pressure pressure such as 100MPa ~ 250MPa, the powder compaction after the pre-oxidation become blank;
(4) in high temperature sintering furnace to the blank sintering, under the nitrogen atmosphere protection, 750 ℃ ~ 900 ℃ of sintering temperatures, sintering time 2 ~ 4h, the preheat temperature of extrusion die is 350 ℃ ~ 500 ℃, extrusion speed is 3 m/min ~ 8m/min, and extrusion ratio is 10 ~ 120, and the silver copper oxide sheet metal thickness after the extruding is 3 mm ~ 7mm;
(5) T
2It is 6 mm ~ 12mm that the copper coin material is processed into thickness;
(6) with silver copper oxide sheet material, T
2The copper coin contact-making surface cleans up, dries, the faying face polishing grinding, and at silver copper oxide sheet material and T
2It is compound to add parchment covering between the copper coin, and parchment covering thickness is 0.2 ~ 0.4mm; This is provided with and adds that parchment covering is compound can effectively to guarantee silver copper oxide sheet material and T2 copper coin bond strength.
(7) silver copper oxide/copper blank sintering in high temperature sintering furnace to fixing, under the nitrogen atmosphere protection, 700 ℃ ~ 800 ℃ of sintering temperatures, sintering time 2 h ~ 4h, the composite rolling deflection is 50% ~ 70%, and the silver copper oxide behind the composite rolling/copper coin material thickness is 3 mm ~ 6mm;
(8) silver copper oxide behind the composite rolling/copper coin material is rolled into silver copper oxide/copper compound electrical contact band through cold working heat treatment repeatedly.
Further being provided with is with the Ag ingot; Cu ingot and mishmetal be by weight: the ratio of 90.8:8.7:0.5; get Ag ingot 26.64Kg; Cu ingot 2.553Kg and mishmetal 0.147Kg; place be smelted into liquid state in the intermediate frequency (IF) smelting stove after; carry out alloy atomization with hydraulic atomized equipment; particle drying after the atomizing; after the screening with granularity oxidation in the oxidation furnace in 100 orders ~ 300 purpose powder are packed into; temperature is controlled at 550 ℃ during oxidation; keep the oxygen of 0.6MPa to press; take out behind the oxidation 4h; the back employing isostatic cool pressing that meets the requirements after testing technology; the special pressure equipment of putting into pressure 150MPa is processed into billet, sintering 4h in temperature is 870 ℃ equipment then, be squeezed into sheet material after; compound behind the polishing grinding again with copper coin; under the nitrogen atmosphere protection, sintering temperature is 730 ℃, and sintering time is 3h; the composite rolling deflection is 70%, and the silver copper oxide behind the composite rolling/copper coin material is through being rolled into silver copper oxide/copper compound electrical contact band.This is provided with can also be with the Ag ingot; Cu plate and mishmetal be by weight: the ratio of 91.7:7.8:0.5; get Ag ingot 26.90Kg; Cu plate 2.289Kg and mishmetal 0.147Kg; place be smelted into liquid state in the intermediate frequency (IF) smelting stove after; carry out alloy atomization with hydraulic atomized equipment; particle drying after the atomizing; after the screening with granularity oxidation in the oxidation furnace in 100 ~ 300 purpose powder are packed into; temperature is controlled at 580 ℃ during oxidation; keep the oxygen of 0.5MPa to press; oxidation was taken out after 2 hours; the back employing isostatic cool pressing that meets the requirements after testing technology; the special pressure equipment of putting into pressure 150MPa is processed into billet, and heat treatment 4h in temperature is 850 ℃ equipment is squeezed into sheet material then; compound behind the polishing grinding again with copper coin; under the nitrogen atmosphere protection, sintering temperature is 750 ℃, and sintering time is 1h; the composite rolling deflection is 68%, and the silver copper oxide behind the composite rolling/copper coin material is through being rolled into silver copper oxide/copper compound electrical contact band.
Further setting is that the thickness of described silver copper oxide/copper compound electrical contact band is 0.5 mm ~ 2mm.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. silver, copper and mishmetal are founded in intermediate frequency furnace after the proportioning by a certain percentage, have guaranteed the uniformity of yellow gold component distributing.
2. yellow gold powder oxidation in interior oxidation furnace makes grain refinement, even tissue, the microstructure of material segregation not occur, eliminates the poor ridge of oxide district.Referring to Fig. 2.
3. static pressure, extrusion process such as employing becomes sheet material, thereby makes the alloy structure uniformity of silver copper oxide better, and the physical property of product and electrical property are obviously improved.
4. adopt the silver copper oxide/carbon/carbon-copper composite material of aximal deformation value composite rolling preparation, add parchment covering in the middle of simultaneously compound, guaranteed to combine between silver copper oxide and the copper matrix firmly, the working lining of this composite contact material keeps silver alloy, solder side is a Cu alloy material, the characteristic that reaches each constituent element composition not only can be kept and be given full play to, and produce very useful combination property because of complex effect, and save noble metal silver effectively, reducing the electrical contact material cost, is 40 ~ 60% of full silver contact product price.
Because prescription of the present invention, technology are reasonable, the electrical contact of producing has the conductivity height, characteristics such as even tissue is careful, working lining and weld layer bond strength height, anti-melting welding, anti-electrical arc erosion.
Below in conjunction with specification drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is done further introduction.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 process chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 specific embodiments of the invention 1 AgCuO/Cu compound interface metallograph.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment the present invention is carried out concrete description; only be used for the present invention is further specified; can not be interpreted as the qualification to protection range of the present invention, the technician in this field can make some nonessential improvement and adjustment to the present invention according to the content of foregoing invention.
Embodiment one
With the Ag ingot; Cu plate and mishmetal be by weight: the ratio of 90.8:8.7:0.5; get Ag ingot 26.64Kg; Cu plate 2.553Kg and mishmetal 0.147Kg; place be smelted into liquid state in the intermediate frequency (IF) smelting stove after; carry out alloy atomization with hydraulic atomized equipment; particle drying after the atomizing; after the screening with granularity oxidation in the oxidation furnace in 100 orders ~ 300 purpose powder are packed into; temperature is controlled at 550 ℃ during oxidation; keep the oxygen of 0.6MPa to press; take out behind the oxidation 4h; isostatic cool pressing technology is adopted in the back that meets the requirements after testing, and the special pressure equipment of putting into pressure 150MPa is processed into billet, then sintering 4h in temperature is 870 ℃ equipment; after being squeezed into sheet material; compound with copper coin behind the polishing grinding again, under the nitrogen atmosphere protection, heat treatment temperature is 730 ℃; heat treatment time is 3h; the composite rolling deflection is 70%, the silver copper oxide behind the composite rolling/copper coin material through be rolled into band again punching out become contact, after surface treatment, promptly can be made into silver copper oxide/copper compound electrical contact.
Present embodiment silver copper oxide working lining detects as follows through mechanical industry electrical material product quality supervision inspection center performance index: density: 9.86g/cm3,
Hardness (HB): 82.3,
Resistivity: 2.29 μ Ω cm,
Metallographic structure: particle distributes evenly main in silver matrix, no aggregation, field trash, pore, and compound working lining is evenly distributed, and does not have the copper of leakage basis material around the surface.
Embodiment two:
With the Ag ingot; Cu plate and mishmetal be by weight: the ratio of 91.7:7.8:0.5; get Ag ingot 26.90Kg; Cu plate 2.289Kg and mishmetal 0.147Kg; place be smelted into liquid state in the intermediate frequency (IF) smelting stove after; carry out alloy atomization with hydraulic atomized equipment; particle drying after the atomizing; after the screening with granularity oxidation in the oxidation furnace in 100 ~ 300 purpose powder are packed into; temperature is controlled at 580 ℃ during oxidation; keep the oxygen of 0.5MPa to press; oxidation was taken out after 2 hours; isostatic cool pressing technology is adopted in the back that meets the requirements after testing, and the special pressure equipment of putting into pressure 150MPa is processed into billet, then heat treatment 4h in temperature is 850 ℃ equipment; be squeezed into sheet material; compound with copper coin behind the polishing grinding again, under the nitrogen atmosphere protection, sintering temperature is 750 ℃; sintering time is 1h; the composite rolling deflection is 68%, the silver copper oxide behind the composite rolling/copper coin material through be rolled into band again punching out become contact, after surface treatment, promptly can be made into silver copper oxide/copper compound electrical contact.
Silver copper oxide/copper the compound electrical contact that adopts the present invention to make, its silver copper oxide working lining performance index are as follows:
1. density 〉=9.6g/cm3;
2. hardness (HB) 〉=70;
3. resistivity≤3.3 μ Ω cm;
4. metallographic structure: uniform particles;
5. bond strength: silver copper oxide working lining and matrix copper faying face are seamless.
Claims (6)
1. silver copper oxide/copper composite electric contact material, it is characterized in that: this electrical contact material working lining is made up of silver, cupric oxide and mixed rare-earth oxide, each composition weight content is: 87% ~ 91.8%Ag, 8% ~ 12%CuO, 0.1% ~ 1.0% mixed rare-earth oxide, the weld layer of electrical contact material are T
2Copper.
2. a kind of silver copper oxide according to claim 1/copper composite electric contact material is characterized in that: mixed rare-earth oxide is the mixture of cerium oxide, lanthana, yittrium oxide.
3. preparation technology who prepares silver copper oxide as claimed in claim 1/copper compound electrical contact is characterized in that comprising following operation:
(1) melting atomizing preparation yellow gold powder, with Ag ingot, Cu ingot and mishmetal by after three's weight ratio: 90.5% ~ 91.8%:7.4% ~ 8.8%:0.1% ~ 0.8% proportioning, melting in intermediate frequency furnace, carry out alloy atomization with hydraulic atomized equipment then, be dried into the yellow gold powder after the atomizing;
(2) with after the yellow gold powder oven dry screening, granularity oxidation furnace in 100 orders ~ 300 purpose powder are packed into is carried out oxidation, temperature is controlled at 500 ℃ ~ 800 ℃ during oxidation, and oxygen is pressed and remained on 0.2 MPa ~ 0.6MPa, takes out after 2 h ~ 10h oxidation and detects;
(3) after the silver copper oxide pre-oxidation powder that step (2) made detects and meets the requirements, under static pressure pressure such as 100MPa ~ 250MPa, the powder compaction after the pre-oxidation become blank;
(4) in high temperature sintering furnace to the blank sintering, under the nitrogen atmosphere protection, 750 ℃ ~ 900 ℃ of sintering temperatures, sintering time 2 ~ 4h, the preheat temperature of extrusion die is 350 ℃ ~ 500 ℃, extrusion speed is 3 m/min ~ 8m/min, and extrusion ratio is 10 ~ 120, and the silver copper oxide sheet metal thickness after the extruding is 3 mm ~ 7mm;
(5) T
2It is 6 mm ~ 12mm that the copper coin material is processed into thickness;
(6) with silver copper oxide sheet material, T
2The copper coin contact-making surface cleans up, dries, the faying face polishing grinding, and at silver copper oxide sheet material and T
2It is compound to add parchment covering between the copper coin, and parchment covering thickness is 0.2 ~ 0.4mm;
(7) silver copper oxide/copper blank sintering in high temperature sintering furnace to fixing, under the nitrogen atmosphere protection, 700 ℃ ~ 800 ℃ of sintering temperatures, sintering time 2 h ~ 4h, the composite rolling deflection is 50% ~ 70%, and the silver copper oxide behind the composite rolling/copper coin material thickness is 3 mm ~ 6mm;
(8) silver copper oxide behind the composite rolling/copper coin material is rolled into silver copper oxide/copper compound electrical contact band through cold working heat treatment repeatedly.
4. the preparation technology of a kind of silver copper oxide according to claim 3/copper compound electrical contact; it is characterized in that: with the Ag ingot; Cu ingot and mishmetal be by weight: the ratio of 90.8:8.7:0.5; get Ag ingot 26.64Kg; Cu ingot 2.553Kg and mishmetal 0.147Kg; place be smelted into liquid state in the intermediate frequency (IF) smelting stove after; carry out alloy atomization with hydraulic atomized equipment; particle drying after the atomizing; after the screening with granularity oxidation in the oxidation furnace in 100 orders ~ 300 purpose powder are packed into; temperature is controlled at 550 ℃ during oxidation; keep the oxygen of 0.6MPa to press; take out behind the oxidation 4h; the back employing isostatic cool pressing that meets the requirements after testing technology; the special pressure equipment of putting into pressure 150MPa is processed into billet; sintering 4h in temperature is 870 ℃ equipment then; after being squeezed into sheet material; compound behind the polishing grinding again with copper coin; under the nitrogen atmosphere protection; sintering temperature is 730 ℃; sintering time is 3h; the composite rolling deflection is 70%, and the silver copper oxide behind the composite rolling/copper coin material is through being rolled into silver copper oxide/copper compound electrical contact band.
5. the preparation technology of a kind of silver copper oxide according to claim 3/copper compound electrical contact; it is characterized in that: with the Ag ingot; Cu plate and mishmetal be by weight: the ratio of 91.7:7.8:0.5; get Ag ingot 26.90Kg; Cu plate 2.289Kg and mishmetal 0.147Kg; place be smelted into liquid state in the intermediate frequency (IF) smelting stove after; carry out alloy atomization with hydraulic atomized equipment; particle drying after the atomizing; after the screening with granularity oxidation in the oxidation furnace in 100 ~ 300 purpose powder are packed into; temperature is controlled at 580 ℃ during oxidation; keep the oxygen of 0.5MPa to press; oxidation was taken out after 2 hours; the back employing isostatic cool pressing that meets the requirements after testing technology; the special pressure equipment of putting into pressure 150MPa is processed into billet; heat treatment 4h in temperature is 850 ℃ equipment then; be squeezed into sheet material; compound behind the polishing grinding again with copper coin; under the nitrogen atmosphere protection; sintering temperature is 750 ℃; sintering time is 1h; the composite rolling deflection is 68%, and the silver copper oxide behind the composite rolling/copper coin material is through being rolled into silver copper oxide/copper compound electrical contact band.
6. the preparation technology of a kind of silver copper oxide according to claim 3/copper compound electrical contact is characterized in that: the thickness of described silver copper oxide/copper compound electrical contact band is 0.5 mm ~ 2mm.
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| CN105047442A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-11-11 | 青海大学 | Ag-CuO low-voltage contact material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105483598A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-04-13 | 浙江帕特尼触头有限公司 | Silver-copper base composite contact material and preparing technology |
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| US9928971B2 (en) | 2014-04-16 | 2018-03-27 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Electrical contact tip for switching applications and an electrical switching device |
| CN104831105A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-08-12 | 昆明理工大学 | A preparing method of multi-layer Ni/AgMeO electric contact materials |
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| CN102054598B (en) | 2012-11-07 |
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