CN102039984A - Super-buoyancy superhydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Super-buoyancy superhydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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CN102039984A
CN102039984A CN 201010555247 CN201010555247A CN102039984A CN 102039984 A CN102039984 A CN 102039984A CN 201010555247 CN201010555247 CN 201010555247 CN 201010555247 A CN201010555247 A CN 201010555247A CN 102039984 A CN102039984 A CN 102039984A
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aramid fiber
super
ship
fiber bundle
buoyancy
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姜再兴
黄玉东
刘丽
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Abstract

The invention aims to provide a super-buoyancy superhydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship and a manufacturing method thereof, which relate to a super-buoyancy fiber bundle ship and a manufacturing method thereof. The super-buoyancy superhydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship consists of a supporting body and superhydrophobic aramid fiber bundles covering the outside surface of the supporting body. The method comprises: immersing aramid fibers from which the surface coatings are removed in mixed solution of perfluoroalkylsiloxane, water, acid and alcohol; drying the aramid fibers in the air or by blowing; repeating the previous operation to obtain aramid fiber bundles coated with perfluoroalkylsiloxane on the surface; and drying the aramid fiber bundles and covering the outside surface of the ship-shaped supporting body with the aramid fiber bundle to obtain the super-buoyancy superhydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship. The contact angle of the aramid fiber bundles coated with perfluoroalkylsiloxane is between 142 and 153 DEG C, so that the ship can bear a load which is 30 to 50 percent higher than a theoretical load and the application range of the aramid fibers is enlarged.

Description

A kind of super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship and preparation method thereof with super buoyancy
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fibrous bundle ship and preparation method thereof with super buoyancy.
Background technology
Aramid fiber is the liquid crystal state poly-mer that is made of the long molecule of rigidity.Because its strand is height-oriented along its length, and has extremely strong interchain force, thereby gives the unprecedented high strength of fiber, high-modulus and high-temperature stability.The discovery of aramid fiber is considered to one important milestone of material circle development.Aramid fiber has high intensity, greater than 28 gram/dawn, is 5~6 times of high-quality steel, and modulus is steel or glass fibre 2~3 times, and toughness is 2 times of steel, and weight only is 1/5 of steel.The long-term use range of temperatures of aramid fiber is extremely wide, can normally move for a long time in-196 ℃ to 204 ℃ scopes.And the shrinkage percentage under 150 ℃ is 0, under 560 ℃ high temperature, do not decompose and do not melt, and have good insulation performance and resistance to corrosion, life cycle is very long, is widely used in national economy various aspects such as space flight and aviation, electromechanics, building, automobile, marine fishery, sports goods.But super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship and preparation method thereof yet there are no report.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship with super buoyancy and preparation method thereof.
Super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship with super buoyancy of the present invention, super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship with super buoyancy, constitute by supporter and the aramid fiber bundle that is coated on the supporter outside face with hydrophobic performance, wherein the fiber surface of the fine bundle of aramid fiber is coated with the perfluoroalkyl silicone film that a layer thickness is 30nm~40nm, the aramid fiber interfascicular is from being 0.1mm~1.5mm, and the chemical formula of perfluoroalkyl silicone is CF 3(CF 2) nSi (OC mH 2m+1) 3, wherein the span of n is 2~20, the span of m is 1~3.
Preparation method with super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship of super buoyancy of the present invention carries out according to the following steps: one, aramid fiber is handled with the organic solvent extracting and removed finish coat, wash then, dry; Two, take by weighing 0.1%~8% perfluoroalkyl silicone, 1%~10% water, 1%~10% acid, 72%~97.9% alcohol and join in the container by mass percentage, mix, with ultrasonic processing 30min~120min, obtain the perfluoroalkyl siloxane solution, wherein the chemical formula of perfluoroalkyl silicone is CF 3(CF 2) nSi (OC mH 2m+1) 3, wherein the span of n is 2~20, the span of m is 1~3; Three, keep 10s~60s in the perfluoroalkyl siloxane solution that the aramid fiber immersion step 2 of step 1 being handled obtains, taking out nature then dries or adopts hair dryer to dry up, repeated impregnations drying process 1~5 time obtains the aramid fiber bundle of surface coverage perfluoroalkyl silicone; It is dry 3h~12h in 80 ℃~150 ℃ the baking oven that the aramid fiber bundle of the surface coverage perfluoroalkyl silicone that four, step 3 is obtained is placed on temperature, obtains super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle; Five, the super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle that step 4 is obtained is coated on the outside face of ship shape supporter, makes the aramid fiber interfascicular apart from for 0.1mm~1.5mm, promptly gets the super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship with super buoyancy.
Organic solvent described in the step 1 is ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, toluene or dimethylbenzene;
Acid described in the step 2 is acetate, hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid;
Alcohol described in the step 2 is ethanol or methyl alcohol.
The method of the aramid fiber bundle ship that the present invention adopts simple method to prepare to have super buoyancy.It is the silicone cross-linked aramid fiber surface of handling in the process extracting with macro-asperity of perfluoroalkyl that at first will have low-surface-energy by the means of chemical reaction, form super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle through being heating and curing again, adopt super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle to be prepared into aramid fiber bundle ship at last.Super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship with super buoyancy of the present invention, because coating the super-hydrophobic aramid fiber of perfluoroalkyl silicone, its outside face has excellent hydrophobic property, the angle of contact of its water reaches 142 °~153 °, thereby gear has been had super be subjected to buoyancy, make ship can carry 30%~50% weight above theory load.Enlarged the field of application of aramid fiber, the outer boats and ships that adopt super-hydrophobic aramid fiber to coat, the resistance that not only travels in water reduces greatly, and buoyancy increases, and load-carrying capacity increases, and the defensive ability/resistance ability of extreme cases such as bump, scratch is increased greatly.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment one: the super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship with super buoyancy of present embodiment, constitute by supporter and the aramid fiber bundle that is coated on the supporter outside face with hydrophobic performance, wherein the fiber surface of the fine bundle of aramid fiber is coated with the perfluoroalkyl silicone film that a layer thickness is 30nm~40nm, the aramid fiber interfascicular is from being 0.1mm~1.5mm, and the chemical formula of perfluoroalkyl silicone is CF 3(CF 2) nSi (OC mH 2m+1) 3, wherein the span of n is 2~20, the span of m is 1~3.
The super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship with super buoyancy of present embodiment, the super-hydrophobic aramid fiber that its outside face coats has excellent hydrophobic property, the angle of contact of its water reaches 142 °~153 °, thereby gear has been had super be subjected to buoyancy, make ship can carry 30%~50% weight above theory load.Enlarged the field of application of aramid fiber, the outer boats and ships that adopt super-hydrophobic aramid fiber to coat, the resistance that not only travels in water reduces greatly, and buoyancy increases, and load-carrying capacity increases, and the defensive ability/resistance ability of extreme cases such as bump, scratch is increased greatly.
The specific embodiment two: what present embodiment and the specific embodiment one were different is: the thickness of the perfluoroalkyl silicone film that the fiber surface of aramid fiber fibre covers is 32nm~38nm.Other is identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment three: what present embodiment and the specific embodiment one were different is: the thickness of the perfluoroalkyl silicone film that the fiber surface of aramid fiber fibre covers is 35nm.Other is identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment four: what present embodiment was different with one of specific embodiment one to three is: the aramid fiber interfascicular is from being 0.2mm~1.3mm.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment one to three.
The specific embodiment five: what present embodiment was different with one of specific embodiment one to three is: the aramid fiber interfascicular is from being 0.8mm.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment one to three.
The specific embodiment six: the preparation method that present embodiment has the super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship of super buoyancy carries out according to the following steps: one, aramid fiber is handled with the organic solvent extracting and removed finish coat, wash then, dry; Two, take by weighing 0.1%~8% perfluoroalkyl silicone, 1%~10% water, 1%~10% acid, 72%~97.9% alcohol and join in the container by mass percentage, mix, with ultrasonic processing 30min~120min, obtain the perfluoroalkyl siloxane solution, wherein the chemical formula of perfluoroalkyl silicone is CF 3(CF 2) nSi (OC mH 2m+1) 3, wherein the span of n is 2~20, the span of m is 1~3; Three, keep 10s~60s in the perfluoroalkyl siloxane solution that the aramid fiber immersion step 2 of step 1 being handled obtains, taking out nature then dries or adopts hair dryer to dry up, repeated impregnations drying process 1~5 time obtains the aramid fiber bundle of surface coverage perfluoroalkyl silicone; It is dry 3h~12h in 80 ℃~150 ℃ the baking oven that the aramid fiber bundle of the surface coverage perfluoroalkyl silicone that four, step 3 is obtained is placed on temperature, obtains super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle; Five, the super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle that step 4 is obtained is coated on the outside face of ship shape supporter, makes the aramid fiber interfascicular apart from for 0.1mm~1.5mm, promptly gets the super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship with super buoyancy.
The method of the miniature ship of aramid fiber bundle that present embodiment adopts simple method to prepare to have super buoyancy.It is the silicone cross-linked aramid fiber surface of handling in the process extracting with macro-asperity of perfluoroalkyl that at first will have low-surface-energy by the means of chemical reaction, form super-hydrophobic aramid fiber through being heating and curing again, adopt super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle to be prepared into aramid fiber bundle ship at last.The super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship with super buoyancy of present embodiment, because coating the super-hydrophobic aramid fiber of perfluoroalkyl silicone, its outside face has excellent hydrophobic property, the angle of contact of itself and water reaches 142 °~153 °, thereby gear has been had super be subjected to buoyancy, make ship can carry 30%~50% weight above theory load.Enlarged the field of application of aramid fiber, the outer boats and ships that adopt super-hydrophobic aramid fiber to coat, the resistance that not only travels in water reduces greatly, and buoyancy increases, and load-carrying capacity increases, and the defensive ability/resistance ability of extreme cases such as bump, scratch is increased greatly.
The specific embodiment seven: what present embodiment and the specific embodiment six were different is: the organic solvent described in the step 1 is ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, toluene or dimethylbenzene.Other is identical with the specific embodiment six.
The specific embodiment eight: what present embodiment was different with the specific embodiment six or seven is: the acid described in the step 2 is acetate, hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid.Other is identical with the specific embodiment six or seven.
The specific embodiment nine: what present embodiment was different with one of specific embodiment six to eight is: the alcohol described in the step 2 is ethanol or methyl alcohol.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment six to eight.
The specific embodiment ten: what present embodiment was different with one of specific embodiment six to nine is: the chemical formula of the perfluoroalkyl silicone described in the step 2 is CF 3(CF 2) nSi (OC mH 2m+1) 3, wherein the span of n is 3~18, the span of m is 2.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment six to nine.
The specific embodiment 11: what present embodiment was different with one of specific embodiment six to nine is: the chemical formula CF of the perfluoroalkyl silicone described in the step 2 3(CF 2) nSi (OC mH 2m+1) 3The span of middle n is 5, and the span of m is 2.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment six to nine.
The constitutional formula of the perfluoroalkyl silicone of present embodiment is:
The specific embodiment 12: what present embodiment was different with one of specific embodiment six to nine is: the chemical formula CF of the perfluoroalkyl silicone described in the step 2 3(CF 2) nSi (OC mH 2m+1) 3The span of middle n is 15, and the span of m is 2.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment six to nine.
The constitutional formula of the perfluoroalkyl silicone of present embodiment is:
Figure BDA0000033785090000042
The specific embodiment 13: what present embodiment was different with one of specific embodiment six to nine is: the chemical formula CF of the perfluoroalkyl silicone described in the step 2 3(CF 2) nSi (OC mH 2m+1) 3The span of middle n is 10, and the span of m is 2.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment six to nine.
The constitutional formula of the perfluoroalkyl silicone of present embodiment is:
Figure BDA0000033785090000043
The specific embodiment 14: what present embodiment was different with one of specific embodiment six to 13 is: take by weighing 0.5%~7% perfluoroalkyl silicone, 2%~8% water, 2%~8% acid, 77%~95.5% alcohol in the step 2 by mass percentage.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment six to 13.
The specific embodiment 15: what present embodiment was different with one of specific embodiment six to 13 is: take by weighing 3% perfluoroalkyl silicone, 5% water, 5% acid, 87% alcohol in the step 2 by mass percentage.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment six to 13.
The specific embodiment 16: what present embodiment was different with one of specific embodiment six to 15 is: the ultrasonic processing time is 35min~110min in the step 2.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment six to 15.
The specific embodiment 17: what present embodiment and the specific embodiment six to 15 were different is: the ultrasonic processing time is 60min in the step 2.Other is identical with the specific embodiment six to 15.
The specific embodiment 18: what present embodiment was different with one of specific embodiment six to 17 is: in the step 3 aramid fiber immersed that the holding time is 15s~55s in the perfluoroalkyl siloxane solution.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment six to 17.
The specific embodiment 19: what present embodiment was different with one of specific embodiment six to 17 is: in the step 3 aramid fiber immersed that the holding time is 35s in the perfluoroalkyl siloxane solution.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment six to 17.
The specific embodiment 20: what present embodiment was different with one of specific embodiment six to 19 is: the repeated impregnations drying process is 2~4 times in the step 3.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment six to 19.
The specific embodiment 21: what present embodiment was different with one of specific embodiment six to 19 is: the repeated impregnations drying process is 3 times in the step 3.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment six to 19.
The specific embodiment 22: what present embodiment was different with one of specific embodiment six to 21 is: temperature of oven is 85 ℃~140 ℃ in the step 4, and be 4h~10h drying time.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment six to 21.
The specific embodiment 23: what present embodiment was different with one of specific embodiment six to 21 is: temperature of oven is 100 ℃ in the step 4, and be 8h drying time.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment six to 21.
The specific embodiment 24: what present embodiment was different with one of specific embodiment six to 23 is: the aramid fiber interfascicular is apart from being 0.2mm~1.3mm in the step 5.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment six to 23.
The specific embodiment 25: what present embodiment was different with one of specific embodiment six to 23 is: the aramid fiber interfascicular is apart from being 0.9mm in the step 5.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment six to 23.
The specific embodiment 26: the preparation method that present embodiment has the super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship of super buoyancy carries out according to the following steps: one, aramid fiber is handled with the toluene extracting and removed finish coat, wash then, dry; Two, take by weighing 6% perfluoroalkyl silicone, 8% water, 5% acid, 81% ethanol and join in the container by mass percentage, mix,, obtain the perfluoroalkyl siloxane solution with ultrasonic processing 60min; Three, keep 60s in the perfluoroalkyl siloxane solution that the aramid fiber immersion step 2 of step 1 being handled obtains, taking out nature then dries or adopts hair dryer to dry up, repeated impregnations drying process 4 times obtains the aramid fiber bundle of surface coverage perfluoroalkyl silicone; It is dry 8h in 120 ℃ the baking oven that the aramid fiber of the surface coverage perfluoroalkyl silicone that four, step 3 is obtained is placed on temperature, obtains super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle; Five, the super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle that step 4 is obtained is coated on the outside face of ship shape supporter, and the aramid fiber interfascicular promptly gets the super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship with super buoyancy apart from being 1.0mm.
The constitutional formula of the perfluoroalkyl silicone of present embodiment is:
Figure BDA0000033785090000061
The super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship with super buoyancy of present embodiment, the thickness of the perfluoroalkyl silicone film that its aramid fiber surface covers is 40nm, the angle of contact of aramid fiber and water is 150 °, has good hydrophobic performance.
Supporter described in the present embodiment step 5 is the open-top receptacle that is prepared by simple glass, is of a size of 30mm * 20mm * 10mm, and its theoretical load-carrying is 6g.The poly-load-carrying to penylene benzo-dioxazole fiber bundle ship that present embodiment prepares has super buoyancy reaches 7.8g, exceed supporter theoretical load-carrying 30%.Present embodiment has enlarged the field of application of aramid fiber, the outer boats and ships that adopt super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle to coat, the resistance that not only travels in water reduces greatly, and buoyancy increases, load-carrying capacity increases, and the defensive ability/resistance ability of extreme cases such as bump, scratch is increased greatly.

Claims (10)

1. super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship with super buoyancy, it is characterized in that having the super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship of super buoyancy, constitute by supporter and the aramid fiber bundle that is coated on the supporter outside face with hydrophobic performance, wherein the fiber surface of the fine bundle of aramid fiber is coated with the perfluoroalkyl silicone film that a layer thickness is 30nm~40nm, the aramid fiber interfascicular is from being 0.1mm~1.5mm, and the chemical formula of perfluoroalkyl silicone is CF 3(CF 2) nSi (OC mH 2m+1) 3, wherein the span of n is 2~20, the span of m is 1~3.
2. a kind of super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship with super buoyancy according to claim 1 is characterized in that the thickness of the perfluoroalkyl silicone film that the fiber surface of aramid fiber fibre covers is 32nm~38nm.
3. a kind of super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship with super buoyancy according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the aramid fiber interfascicular is from being 0.2mm~1.3mm.
4. a kind of preparation method as claimed in claim 1 with super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship of super buoyancy, the preparation method who it is characterized in that having the super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship of super buoyancy carries out according to the following steps: one, aramid fiber is handled with the organic solvent extracting and removed finish coat, wash then, dry; Two, take by weighing 0.1%~8% perfluoroalkyl silicone, 1%~10% water, 1%~10% acid, 72%~97.9% alcohol and join in the container by mass percentage, mix, with ultrasonic processing 30min~120min, obtain the perfluoroalkyl siloxane solution, wherein the chemical formula of perfluoroalkyl silicone is CF 3(CF 2) nSi (OC mH 2m+1) 3, wherein the span of n is 2~20, the span of m is 1~3; Three, keep 10s~60s in the perfluoroalkyl siloxane solution that the aramid fiber immersion step 2 of step 1 being handled obtains, taking out nature then dries or adopts hair dryer to dry up, repeated impregnations drying process 1~5 time obtains the aramid fiber bundle of surface coverage perfluoroalkyl silicone; It is dry 3h~12h in 80 ℃~150 ℃ the baking oven that the aramid fiber bundle of the surface coverage perfluoroalkyl silicone that four, step 3 is obtained is placed on temperature, obtains super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle; Five, the super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle that step 4 is obtained is coated on the outside face of ship shape supporter, makes the aramid fiber interfascicular apart from for 0.1mm~1.5mm, promptly gets the super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship with super buoyancy.
5. a kind of preparation method with super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship of super buoyancy according to claim 4 is characterized in that the organic solvent described in the step 1 is ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, toluene or dimethylbenzene.
6. according to claim 4 or 5 described a kind of preparation methods, it is characterized in that the acid described in the step 2 is acetate, hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid with super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship of super buoyancy.
7. according to claim 4,5 or 6 described a kind of preparation methods, it is characterized in that the alcohol described in the step 2 is ethanol or methyl alcohol with super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship of super buoyancy.
8. according to claim 4,5 or 6 described a kind of preparation methods, it is characterized in that taking by weighing by mass percentage in the step 2 0.5%~7% perfluoroalkyl silicone, 2%~8% water, 2%~8% acid, 77%~95.5% alcohol with super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship of super buoyancy.
9. according to claim 4,5 or 6 described a kind of preparation methods, it is characterized in that the aramid fiber interfascicular is apart from being 0.2mm~1.3mm in the step 5 with super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship of super buoyancy.
10. according to claim 4,5 or 6 described a kind of preparation methods, it is characterized in that in the step 3 aramid fiber immersed that the holding time is 15s~55s in the perfluoroalkyl siloxane solution with super-hydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship of super buoyancy.
CN 201010555247 2010-11-23 2010-11-23 Super-buoyancy superhydrophobic aramid fiber bundle ship and manufacturing method thereof Pending CN102039984A (en)

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CN103908903A (en) * 2014-03-13 2014-07-09 中科院广州化学有限公司南雄材料生产基地 Self-cleaning aramid fiber film, preparation method thereof, and applications thereof in gas separation
CN103937154A (en) * 2014-02-13 2014-07-23 甘肃康博丝特新材料有限责任公司 Super-hydrophobic epoxy solid buoyancy material, and preparation method thereof
CN105821656A (en) * 2016-06-07 2016-08-03 常州纺织服装职业技术学院 Modified aramid fibers and insulating rope prepared from same and preparation methods thereof
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CN102277733A (en) * 2011-06-21 2011-12-14 哈尔滨工业大学 Ultra-hydrophobic aramid fiber and preparation method thereof
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CN103937154B (en) * 2014-02-13 2016-11-30 甘肃康博丝特新材料有限责任公司 A kind of super-hydrophobic epoxy radicals solid buoyancy material and preparation method thereof
CN103908903A (en) * 2014-03-13 2014-07-09 中科院广州化学有限公司南雄材料生产基地 Self-cleaning aramid fiber film, preparation method thereof, and applications thereof in gas separation
CN103908903B (en) * 2014-03-13 2016-09-14 中科院广州化学有限公司南雄材料生产基地 A kind of self-cleaning aramid fiber film and preparation method thereof with separate at gas in application
CN105821656A (en) * 2016-06-07 2016-08-03 常州纺织服装职业技术学院 Modified aramid fibers and insulating rope prepared from same and preparation methods thereof
CN109023921A (en) * 2018-09-11 2018-12-18 南通大学 One kind being based on TiO2The preparation method of the bionic super-hydrophobic kevlar fabric of nanotube

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