CN102012178A

CN102012178A - Shell-and-tube heat exchanger

Info

Publication number: CN102012178A
Application number: CN2010102789540A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 乔戈·扎卡赖亚斯
Original assignee: Krones AG
Current assignee: Krones AG
Priority date: 2009-09-08
Filing date: 2010-09-08
Publication date: 2011-04-13
Also published as: EP2299226A2; EP2299226A3; EP2299226B1; DE102009040560A1; US20110056653A1; ES2760913T3; DK2299226T3; BRPI1003503A2

Abstract

A shell-and-tube heat exchanger (W) including a casing tube (1) and at least one inner tube (3) for treating liquid food products, optionally also with a product/product flow guidance, and having at least one thermal-expansion compensating device (K) for the casing (1) and/or inner tube (3), with the compensating device (K) having a surface (12) which can be contacted by the product to be treated, where the surface is provided on a bellows (C) integrated into the casing (1) and/or inner tube (3), with a plurality of relatively wide folds (F1,F) which extend around the tube axis (X) and are of rounded cross-section, with the respective fold (F,F1) being configured with a radial depth B and an axial width T with a ratio of B:T of about 1 or more and to be cleanable on the product side in a hygienically irreproachable way.

Description

Shell and tube heat exchanger

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of shell and tube heat exchanger of following type: it comprises sleeve pipe (casing tube) and pipe at least one, this shell and tube heat exchanger is used to handle liquid food product, particularly such as low viscous products such as fruit juice or milk, this shell and tube heat exchanger also has the function of direct product/product stream, this shell and tube heat exchanger comprises at least one the temperature compensation device that is used for sleeve pipe and/or interior pipe, this compensation arrangement have be positioned at compensation arrangement can be by at least one surface of pending product contact.

Background technology

From DE 600 19 635 T2 and the known shell and tube heat exchanger that for example is used for direct product/product stream of DE 102 56 232 B4.Here, the temperature compensation device is the sliding connector with seal, or that float or movable bearing, the relative motion that this temperature compensation device permission is caused by heat, even can be with the dead band that can not removed again mode by thorough cleaning stops but produced product, perhaps this temperature compensation device need carry out operation splitting for the faultless cleaning of health.Aspect health, such compensation arrangement is not recommended by the authoritative sources, but at present as the synthetic solution (comprise solution) that is used for direct product/product stream and by general.

On the contrary, in the shell and tube heat exchanger of the generation product in food product industry/hot bearing medium (for example water) stream guiding, known: at least one bellows is installed into the temperature compensation device in the mode that is contacted by hot bearing medium specially but never contacted by product.After shell and tube heat exchanger had used moment, perhaps during product variations, bellows can not be cleaned, and this is because bellows only contacts with the hot bearing medium of any flow velocity.Deliberately bellows configuration is become to make that ratio B: T is little more a lot of than 1, alternatively, have the very little radius of curvature between straight side and the side, this be because, thereby this mode makes the compensation effect grow of each kink that the quantity of needed kink must be lacked as far as possible.Because it is little more a lot of than 1 that ratio B: T helps compensation ground, this bellows can not be cleaned to obtain the faultless state of health again, this is because because for example vortex formation causes when contacting with product with the dead band, the product deposit of secure adhesion will increase inevitably.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to construct a kind of shell and tube heat exchanger that is used for the above-mentioned type of direct product/product stream, this shell and tube heat exchanger can unimpeachably be cleaned by health.

Utilize following technical scheme to realize described purpose: a kind of shell and tube heat exchanger, it comprises sleeve pipe and pipe at least one, described shell and tube heat exchanger is used to handle liquid food product, particularly such as low viscous products such as fruit juice or milk, described shell and tube heat exchanger also has the function of direct product/product stream, described shell and tube heat exchanger comprises at least one the temperature compensation device that is used for described sleeve pipe and/or described interior pipe, described compensation arrangement have be positioned at described compensation arrangement can be by at least one surface of pending product contact, described shell and tube heat exchanger is characterised in that, with described sleeve pipe and/or described at least one bellows of tubular all-in-one-piece, can be provided with the kink of a plurality of broads by the described surface that product contacts, described kink extends and has a circular cross-section (rounded cross-section) around the axis of pipe, each kink is configured to the ratio B of radial depth T and axial width B on the described surface that can be contacted by product: T is about 1 or bigger, can be cleaned in the faultless mode of health thus.

Consideration gets around the ratio B of the common representative optimal heat coefficient of expansion of kink: T, and on the surface that can be contacted, adopt at least by product to compensation not too favourable be approximately 1 or bigger ratio B: T, the surface that makes it possible to be contacted by product can be cleaned, to realize the faultless state of health of product, this be because, in circular kink and more weak flexure plane, exist the direction that relaxes to change, and do not have serious dead band (dead space).Therefore, product is difficult for adhering to, and always flows to outside the kink soon.Cleaning medium can be removed product residue and medium self effectively and can easily flow out and/or be removed and can not produce any residue.For the compensating action of needing on the whole realizing, only need additionally to be provided with the kink of respective amount.Yet, yes aspect this air-tightness in the health that realizes direct product/product stream is above reproach state and shell and tube heat exchanger acceptable.Be provided with owing to the technical purpose for compensate for heat expansion and the deterioration for example compensating action of inboard each kink that contacts with product can be accepted, so only need bellows to have now to be used for the sanitary condition of product/product stream guiding of shell and tube heat exchanger, realized very favorable flow regime because extend on gentle surface in addition, this has improved cleaning effect especially significantly.Therefore, realized having the shell and tube heat exchanger of the bellows of health.

In favourable embodiment, ratio B: T for example can be about 1 to about 2.This ratio is big more, carries out in the process of cleaning after scheduled operating time or owing to product variations, and kink is favourable more.

In favourable embodiment, in bellows, be provided with several kinks; These kinks are directly continuous vertically, and these kinks are formed alternately inside and outside, the substantially similar at least and broad of these kinks.When this bellows is configured in sleeve pipe, can be existed only in the inboard by the surface that product contacts.On the contrary, if bellows is configured in interior pipe, then under the optimum condition that provides for cleaning action each time, both can be contacted inner surface or outer surface or surfaces externally and internally by product.

In optional embodiment, separate the configuration continuously and substantially similar a plurality of kinks inwardly are configured to or outwards of turning up the soil vertically; Kink can be formed on the surface that can be contacted by product and make that ratio B: T is about 1 or bigger, and the kink of ratio B1: T＜1 is set in the interval.The flexure plane that is recommended in the protrusion of kink on the bellows surface that can be contacted by product in the present embodiment should be configured to make ratio B1: T＜1, and this is because can easily clean these convex surface part.This has constituted the combination construction of bellows, can easily clean on the one hand ratio B: T and be about 1 or the concave surface portion of bigger broad kink and realized the less compensating action of every long measure, can on the convex surface part of the kink of ratio B1: T＜1, realize enough good cleaning effect on the other hand and obtain the compensating action by force of every long measure in described position.As mentioned above, if the inner surface of sleeve pipe is contacted by product, then this mixed form of bellows is special recommendation to sleeve pipe.

In another embodiment, the internal diameter of bellows has following size: this size is between the roughly internal diameter of interior pipe that comprises bellows or sleeve and the value than the degree of depth of the little kink of described internal diameter.Depend on the concrete application of bellows in sleeve pipe or interior pipe, can avoid the restriction of not expecting in the described bellows/inner diameter zone in each stream or this restriction is minimized.

In one embodiment, bellows comprises base roughly cylindraceous, pipe or sleeve pipe in this base is soldered to, and in being inserted in pipe or the end, cross section of sleeve pipe or in being enclosed within outside the end, cross section of pipe or sleeve pipe.Can easily control the integrated of bellows and each pipe by means of manufacturing technology.Welding is fine and close and can bears high pressure differential and can not produce any problem.Bellows can be configured in the optimum position of pipe respectively.

In optional embodiment, for example make bellows be integrally formed in the wall cylindraceous of each pipe by roller processing (roller treatment) or shaped by fluid pressure.No longer need solder joints thus.

In favourable embodiment, sleeve pipe and a plurality of interior pipe form the shell and tube heat exchanger module.Bellows, at least one bellows can be configured in the substantial distance direction central authorities of heat exchanger module, thereby represent its compensating action in the mode of the best.Preferably, bellows is positioned in the sleeve pipe as follows: the interior pipe of the surface that can be contacted by product in being contained in sleeve pipe of bellows is directed and can be level and smooth.

Kink has on the surface that can be contacted by product at least and promotes the roughly gentle surperficial extension of turbulent condition, and this is important for effectively cleaning, because this fluid arrives all recesses of bellows fully.Roughly turbulent condition provides following advantage: can not form and must worry that not only product will deposit but also cleaning medium can not carry out the zone of the position of effective cleaning action.

Particularly advantageously be that each kink is formed in the axial cross section of the interior pipe that disposes bellows and/or sleeve pipe, and each kink comprises the continuous bending sections that enters mutually.The radius of curvature of preferred each kink and half circular cross-section about equally of the degree of depth and/or width.

Description of drawings

Now, illustrate in greater detail the embodiment of theme of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the schematic longitudinal section of the module of typical shell and tube heat exchanger;

Fig. 2 shows the enlarged drawing of the details of the bellows in the sleeve pipe of shell and tube heat exchanger module of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the axial cutaway view of another embodiment of the sleeve pipe of for example module or interior pipe;

Fig. 4 is the axial cutaway view of another embodiment of the sleeve pipe of module or interior pipe;

Fig. 5 is the partial sectional view of the specific embodiment of module.

The specific embodiment

Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 all shows the individual module M that is illustrated by the broken lines of shell and tube heat exchanger W, for example (for example at the aqueous liquid foodstuff product, water, fruit juice, milk) bottling or can industry in, heat treatment (heating or cooling) direct product/product that this shell and tube heat exchanger is used at food product flows.In shell and tube heat exchanger W, a plurality of modules can be installed to obtain long as far as possible product stream.Here, the length of module M can be for example 3.0m, 6.0m or even longer.

In Fig. 1, module M comprises the sleeve pipe of for example being made by stainless steel 1, and this sleeve pipe 1 comprises the distolateral holding flange 2 that is used for being installed in shell and tube heat exchanger W.In sleeve pipe 1, pipe 3 at least one is set, pipe 3 extends vertically with sleeve pipe 1 almost parallel ground between holding flange 4 in this.In the embodiment of Fig. 1, setting is combined to form the several interior pipe 3 of tube bank, make and limiting

stream

5,6,7,8 between sleeve pipe 1 and the interior pipe 3 and in interior pipe 3 at least, wherein,

stream

6,7,8 belongs to primary flow path (primary flow), and stream 5 belongs to time stream (secondary channel).Food product circulates in these streams, and here, at least one stream also can be used for hot bearing medium (being stream 5 at Fig. 1 for example).Owing to mainly be the pipe 1 that causes of the different temperatures in the stream and manage inevitable thermal expansion between 3, in the embodiment of Fig. 1, the compensation arrangement K and the sleeve pipe 1 that are configured to have the bellows C of a plurality of kink F form as one in order to compensate.Can certainly on the length (for example more than the 6.0m) of module M, a plurality of bellows C be set.Bellows C shown in Figure 1 is provided with in the inboard can be by the surface 12 of the product in the stream 5 contact, and bellows comes axial thermal expansion poor of the axial thermal expansion of compensating jacket 1 and interior pipe 3 by means of dominant axial operation.In Fig. 5, the openend flange 2 of pipe 3 is set at sleeve pipe 1 in for example being used to connect, and side direction connector 2 ' is set in the sleeve pipe 1.

In addition, interior pipe 3 also can be equipped with bellows C, perhaps can be equipped with bellows C by only interior pipe 3; In this case, the bellows C in the interior pipe 3 has the surface 12 that can be contacted by product alternatively on the inboard and/or the outside.

Fig. 2 shows the enlarged drawing of the bellows C of Fig. 1.Utilize distolateral base 10 for example cylindraceous that bellows C is welded to sleeve pipe 1, here, base 10 is inserted into inboard and soldered at 11 places among casing profile end 1a, the 1b.As possibility, base 10 also can be installed to casing profile end 1a, 1b and soldered in the outside.Bellows C is by prefabricated and be installed to sleeve pipe 1 afterwards.

The difference of bellows C among Fig. 2 is, this bellows C comprises the kink F of a plurality of broads, the kink F of described a plurality of broads vertically each interval turn up the soil configuration, extend, have radial depth T and axial width B and similar each other around the axis X of pipe.Ratio B: T be about 1 or even bigger, preferably be about 2 to the maximum.The surface 12 that can be contacted by product mainly is the concavity circle, and relatively leniently extends with the radius of curvature of for example R1, and this radius of curvature R 1 can be the only about half of of degree of depth T or width B.

In the space between the isolated kink F opposite kink F1 ' is being set vertically; On the surface 12 that can be contacted by product, kink F1 ' all has convex surface part, and the radius of curvature of this convex surface part is R2 ', and this radius of curvature R 2 ' is littler than half of degree of depth T or width B, and can be width B 1 only about half of of kink F1 '.

The internal diameter of bellows C be designated as width d and with the inside diameter D of sleeve pipe 1 about equally.The twice of the outer diameter D 1 of bellows C and inner diameter d, degree of depth T and the material thickness sum of bellows C are about equally.The same with sleeve pipe 1, bellows C is preferably made by stainless steel.Pipe 3 in Fig. 2, not illustrating.The outer surface 9 of bellows C does not contact with product among the module M.

In the embodiment of Fig. 3, bellows C and sleeve pipe 1 or each interior pipe 3 form as one.When bellows C is arranged in pipe 3 the time, inner surface can be contacted by product with outer surface 12.In bellows C, form vertically directly continuously, replace inside and outside a plurality of kink F, F1; These kinks can be similarly and have continuous convex curvature and recessed curvature, advantageously have the only about half of radius of curvature R that equates 1, R2 with degree of depth T.Advantageously, these kinks have continuous each other circular cross-section, preferably have continuous each other semi-circular cross-section.The inner diameter d of the inner diameter d 1 of bellows C and sleeve pipe 1 or interior pipe 3 or with the outer diameter D of sleeve pipe 1 or interior pipe 3 about equally, and the twice of the outer diameter D 1 of bellows and outer diameter D, degree of depth T and material thickness sum are about equally.In shown embodiment, the outer diameter D of sleeve pipe 1 or interior pipe 3 is about 70.0mm, and the width B of each kink is slightly smaller than 10.0mm; The degree of depth T of each kink is about 10.0mm, and six kink F and five kink F1 are set on the whole length of bellows C.

In the embodiment of Fig. 4, the inner diameter d 1 of bellows C is littler than the inner diameter d of sleeve pipe 1 or interior pipe 3, and preferably than the little degree of depth T that approximately is no more than of inner diameter d, the outer diameter D 1 of bellows C than outer diameter D slightly greatly or almost the same with outer diameter D big.With the same among the bellows C of Fig. 3, be provided with vertically directly continuously, replace inside and outside a plurality of kink F, F1; These kinks can be similar.

In the embodiment of Fig. 4, outer diameter D is about 114.0mm, and the length of bellows C is about 146.0mm, and degree of depth T is about 12.0mm, and width B is about 11.0mm.

In each embodiment, the ratio B of kink F, F1: T is selected as about 1.0 or bigger, preferably is no more than about 2.0.

Here, this ratio can be slightly smaller than 1, but preferably always greater than 0.9.

The casing diameter of preferred implementation can reach 250mm.Yet sleeve pipe also can be the shape with larger diameter.

Claims

1. a shell and tube heat exchanger (W), it comprises sleeve pipe (1) and pipe (3) at least one, described shell and tube heat exchanger is used to handle liquid food product, particularly such as low viscous products such as fruit juice or milk, described shell and tube heat exchanger also has the function of direct product/product stream, described shell and tube heat exchanger comprises at least one the temperature compensation device (K) that is used for described sleeve pipe (1) and/or described interior pipe (3), described compensation arrangement (K) have be positioned at described compensation arrangement (K) can be by at least one surface (12) of pending product contact, described shell and tube heat exchanger is characterised in that, with described sleeve pipe (1) and/or described in pipe (3) form at least one bellows (C) of one, can be provided with the kink (F1 of a plurality of broads by the described surface (12) that product contacts, F), described kink extends and has a circular cross-section around the axis (X) of pipe, can gone up each kink (F by the described surface (12) that product contacts, F1) be configured to the ratio B of radial depth T and axial width B: T is about 1 or bigger, can be cleaned in the faultless mode of health thus.

2. shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1 is characterized in that, on the described surface (12) that can be contacted by product, described ratio B: T is positioned at about 1 to about 2 scope at least.

3. shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, be provided with directly continuous vertically, replace inside and outside, substantially similar at least a plurality of kinks (F, F1), described ratio B: T is about 1 or bigger, kink (F, F1) more than six preferably is set, and described kink is preferably the circle of protruding laterally.

4. shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, turn up the soil at interval vertically continuously and inwardly or outwards be provided with and be formed on the described surface (12) that can be contacted by product for the kink of a plurality of broads of similar kind (F) roughly, ratio B: T is about 1 or bigger, narrower kink (F1 ') is set in the interval between the kink (F) of described broad, and described narrower kink (F1 ') is constructed such that the ratio B1 of radial depth T and axial width B1: T is less than 1.

5. according at least one described shell and tube heat exchanger in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that the internal diameter (d1) of described bellows (C) has following size: this size is between roughly internal diameter (d) that comprises sleeve pipe of described bellows (1) or interior pipe (3) and the value than the little degree of depth of described internal diameter (d) (T).

6. according at least one described shell and tube heat exchanger in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, described bellows (C) comprises base roughly cylindraceous (10), described base (10) be soldered to described in pipe (3) or described sleeve pipe (1), and described base (10) be inserted among tube section end or casing profile end (1a, the 1b) or in being pushed onto outside tube section end or casing profile end (1a, the 1b).

7. according at least one described shell and tube heat exchanger in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, form described bellows (C) by described interior roller processing or shaped by fluid pressure of managing the cylindrical wall of (3) and/or described sleeve pipe (1) self.

8. according at least one described shell and tube heat exchanger in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, described sleeve pipe (1) and a plurality of interior pipes (3) form heat exchanger module (M), described bellows is configured in the substantial distance direction central authorities of described heat exchanger module (M), preferred described bellows is set at described sleeve pipe (1) and has in described the surface (12) that pipe (3) is directed and can be contacted by product, makes that ratio B: T is about 1 or bigger on the kink (F, F1) of broad.

9. according at least one described shell and tube heat exchanger in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, on the described surface (12) that can be contacted by product, described kink (F, F1) have and promote the roughly gentle surperficial extension of turbulent condition, make fluid arrive all degree of depth of described bellows.

10. according at least one described shell and tube heat exchanger in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, each kink (F, F1) is formed in the axial cross section of described interior pipe (3) or described sleeve pipe (1), described kink has the continuous bending sections that enters mutually, half circular cross-section that equates of preferred curvature radius (R1, R2, R2 ') and the degree of depth (T) and/or width (B).