CN102004421B - Intermediate transfer method for electronic camera, intermediate transfer system, image forming method and its device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an intermediate transfer method for a long-life full-color electronic camera capable of forming high-quality full-color images, an image forming method using the electronic camera way with features of stable electric performance, excellent wear resistance performance, no abnormal image such as image drop-out or concentration nonuniformity, color nonuniformity. The invention also provides an intermediate transfer system for electronic camera and an image forming device using the electronic camera way of the system. The image forming device uses an intermediate transfer belt for the electronic camera including nitrogen on its surface and a zinc-containing metal soap is applied on a surface of the intermediate transfer bet and the image is formed, characterized in that: (1-C/D)*100(%)-(B/A)*100(%)<=10(%), wherein A (% by atom) and B (% by atom) represent a percentage content of nitrogen at the surface of the intermediate transfer belt before and after image formation on 1,000 sheets, respectively, measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), C (% by atom) represents a percentage content of zinc at the surface of the intermediate transfer belt after the image formation on 1,000 sheets, measured by XPS, and D (% by atom) represents a percentage content of zinc based on all elements other than hydrogen in the zinc-containing metal soap.

Description

Electrophotography intermediate transfer method, intermediate transfer system, image forming method and device thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to for the electrophotography intermediate transfer method of electro-photography apparatus and adopted the image forming method of the electrofax mode of this electrophotography intermediate transfer system, and also relate to for the electrophotography intermediate transfer system of electro-photography apparatus and adopted the image processing system of the electrofax mode of this electrophotography intermediate transfer system.

Background technology

Using the annular belt member because of variety of functions and purposes in electro-photography apparatus.As the example of this annular belt member, can enumerate transfer belt, defeated paper tape etc.

In recent years, in the full color electronic photographing device, the endless belt member is used for intermediate transfer belt, its mode for by will four looks that form on photosensitive drums or more polychrome the toner image primary transfer to the intermediate transfer belt of electrophotography (below, sometimes be referred to as " intermediate transfer belt ") on, form full-color image on intermediate transfer belt, then, gather on the transfer printing medium that is transferred to copy paper etc.

Along with the process of duplicating machine full color, the requirement of intermediate transfer belt increases severely.As intermediate transfer belt, can use thermoplastic resin or thermoset resin, the material of rubber or elastic body etc.In this mode, in order to obtain to duplicate at a high speed performance, the so-called tandem moor that has been arranged side by side versicolor developing apparatus facing to intermediate transfer belt becomes main flow.

Owing to requiring the intermediate transfer belt for this tandem moor that the skew of colour superimposition does not occur to cause because of distortion in walking, intensity is high, can stand Reusability, also require in addition fire-retardant, so the most handy polyimide or polyamide-imide resin.Especially from the control viewpoint of croop property and permanance, electric property, it is gratifying using polyimide resin.

The toner that the intermediate transfer belt of polyimide resin system has after toner image is transferred to a certain degree remains on intermediate transfer belt, so the band cleaning device that needs the such remaining toner of handlebar to get rid of.

In order to get rid of this residual toner, the scraper plate pushing of cleaning balde is close to the surface of intermediate transfer belt, it is the most effective that residual toner " is wiped off ".

Given the electric property of intermediate transfer belt necessity when the toner image transfer printing, yet, during prolonged and repeated formation image, because the pushing of cleaning balde contact impairs such electric property, produced the problem of the intermediate transfer belt lost of life.The abnormal image that its result generation is not good at causing because of cleaning.

Along with the photographic fixing operation without oiling development, as the occasion of the toner content of wax of developer many get up, simultaneously, follow the reduction of the fixing temperature of energy-conservation requirement, used in the toner parent than more softening material in the past.Above-mentioned wax and toner parent easily are attached on intermediate transfer belt, and when being concatenated to form image, membranaceous adhering to just occurs the toner component, namely produce so-called film forming (filming), make the electric property variation of intermediate transfer belt.In addition, for the paper that is used for image formation, be not only copying paper in the past, also seek to form image always on the paper of the filler that contains many talcums, porcelain earth, calcium carbonate etc. as art paper or printing.But the filler of these paper easily adheres to toward intermediate transfer belt from paper when secondary transfer printing, easily occurs with the film forming phenomenon of these fillers as starting point.

For the pushing that alleviates due to above-mentioned cleaning balde contacts the damage that causes, suppress the film forming of toner material or filler, the skin-friction coefficient of known reduction intermediate transfer belt is effective way.In order to reduce above-mentioned skin-friction coefficient, someone has proposed to be coated with the metallic soap (reference example such as patent documentation 1,2) as lubricant on the surface of intermediate transfer belt.

In fact, in these on the surface of transfer belt the image processing system of coating metal soap can form high-quality image when low speed.But, being accompanied by the high speed that image forms, the linear velocity of intermediate transfer belt improves, and when forming image continuously, easily produces for example banded abnormal image.Do not compare with there is no the image part, have image to have the skin-friction coefficient height of part, the membranaceous of filler that toner component or paper have occured adheres to, i.e. so-called film forming phenomenon.Because variation has occured the electric property that film forming phenomenon part has occured, this has just caused the generation of the banded even phenomenon of density unevenness.Therefore, as the reason that the film forming phenomenon produces, can enumerate the adhesion amount of metallic soap insufficient is one of its major reason.

Therefore, in order to allow lubricant be attached to fully on the surface of intermediate transfer belt, can consider to control the configuration of surface of intermediate transfer belt, so far, there has been proposed the method (reference example such as patent documentation 3,4) that makes the surface become coarse with sand paper, lapping compound grinding intermediate transfer belt surface etc.

[the patent documentation 1 flat No. 8-95455 public Reported of] Te Open

No. 3753909 public Reported of [patent documentation 2] patent

[No. 2005-316231 public Reported of patent documentation 3] Te Open

[No. 2004-361694 public Reported of patent documentation 4] Te Open

[No. 2005-17469 public Reported of patent documentation 5] Te Open

[No. 2005-249901 public Reported of patent documentation 6] Te Open

[No. 2005-004051 public Reported of patent documentation 7] Te Open

[No. 2004-198662 public Reported of patent documentation 8] Te Open

The method that the present inventors put down in writing with reference to patent documentation 3 and 4 attempts to hold the optimal configuration of surface of intermediate transfer belt.But, although should there be metallic soap to have fully (adhesion amount on intermediate transfer belt is sufficient) on the estimation intermediate transfer belt, when but intermediate transfer belt forms image under high linear speed, exist the film forming phenomenon part to occur and part does not appear in the film forming phenomenon.

In addition, when the present inventors use Electronic Speculum that the intermediate transfer belt that film forming phenomenon part occurs and film forming phenomenon part do not occur is carefully analyzed, understood that the metallic soap that occurs on film forming phenomenon part intermediate transfer belt is considerably less, adhering to of metallic soap is inhomogeneous.Again, it is said, metallic soap is stable with existing of bimolecular state usually.

Can understand that by above-mentioned it is important that metallic soap exists.Therefore, can think, in order to realize under the high linear velocity state of intermediate transfer belt forming high-quality image, it is important making metallic soap cover on the surface of intermediate transfer belt comprehensively.

Summary of the invention

the present invention solves above-mentioned technical matters in the past, its objective is and be, the image forming method that a kind of intermediate transfer method of long-life used for full color electronic photographing is provided and has adopted the electrofax mode of the method, and the image processing system that a kind of intermediate transfer system of electrophotography is provided and has adopted the electrofax mode of this system, intermediate transfer method and image forming method according to described used for full color electronic photographing, even when forming image at a high speed, also can form electric property stable, the antifriction consumption can be outstanding, without image come off or density unevenness even, the high-quality full-color image of the even such abnormal image of irregular colour.

In order to grasp the coverage rate of metallic soap on intermediate transfer belt, the present inventors utilize XPS (x-ray photoelectron power spectrum) to analyze, obtain usually the method (patent documentation 5～8) of the coverage rate of zinc stearate on photosensitive drum surface of using as metallic soap, attempt obtaining metallic soap and conform with desirable coverage rate on intermediate transfer belt.

Utilize the XPS analysis method can detect all elements except hydrogen atom on sample limit surface, so, when adopting XPS that the photosensitive drum surface that has been coated with zinc stearate is analyzed, increase along with the zinc stearate coverage rate, the elemental ratio that photosensitive drums is held is progressively near the elemental ratio of zinc stearate, when the coverage rate of zinc stearate became 100%, in theory just the elemental ratio with zinc stearate was consistent for elemental ratio, and the zinc element that is detected is saturated.That is zinc stearate is when all covering photosensitive drum surface, and according to the ratio of the element except hydrogen in the molecule of zinc stearate, the zinc element that is detected by XPS is 2.44 atom % for the ratio of whole elements in theory.For this reason, just can be calculated the coverage rate (Zn/2.44) * 100 (%) of zinc stearate by the atom % of this zinc.

Again, when in zinc stearate, if the length of molecule contains a certain amount of above some little zinc palmitate, because the melting point of zinc palmitate is lower than the zinc stearate, so metallic soap is easily sprawled, even the linear velocity of intermediate transfer belt is very high, metallic soap also easily fully covers intermediate transfer belt.

The potpourri that adopts zinc stearate and zinc palmitate does not use the theoretical value of above-mentioned zinc element ratio during as metallic soap, but needs the ratio value of the zinc in the potpourri of use zinc stearate and zinc palmitate.

But, in the stage of feeding intake, due to batch difference, mixture ratio has variation slightly, therefore, need to hold mixture ratio for the degree of feeding intake, its time-consuming and cost of institute becomes miscellaneous.

Therefore, the present inventors explore to have nothing to do and hold the method for covering state on the surface of metallic soap at intermediate transfer belt in the mixture ratio of metallic soap zinc stearate and zinc palmitate, find at last, not the zinc element containing ratio that is conceived to the intermediate transfer belt surface, but make the minimizing of the nitrogen element containing ratio of intermediate transfer belt surface calculate the method for exposure ratio from the coating by metallic soap.

In the present invention, described intermediate transfer belt surface contains the nitrogen element.For this reason, can calculate exposure according to the minimizing of the nitrogen element containing ratio of intermediate transfer belt surface, can utilize 100-(exposure of intermediate transfer belt surface) to calculate the metallic soap coverage rate of intermediate transfer belt surface.

Like this, utilize the coverage rate of metallic soap as the present inventor, when trial is determined to conform with desirable intermediate transfer belt unit, found under the state that does not have toner and paper, the exposure of above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt is below 30%, and is preferred below 20%, more appropriately in the words below 10%, even the speed of intermediate transfer belt is very high, also can realize chronically the formation of high quality graphic.

Again, although the present inventors attempt to stipulate to conform with desirable intermediate transfer belt with the coverage rate of metallic soap when forming image, even but after image formation, the surperficial exposure of intermediate transfer belt is below 30%, under the situation of hot and humid degree, still have image blurring occasion to occur more.When carefully analyzing the intermediate transfer belt that produces blurred picture, understand silicon dioxide or wax as external additive beyond generation blurred picture part is attached with metallic soap, attachment beyond the perhaps filler of paper, these metallic soaps has caused the abnormal of image.Can recognize thus, must consider that image forms the coverage rate of attachment beyond the lip-deep metallic soap of intermediate transfer belt afterwards.

Therefore, the method that the present inventors find out is, the exposure of the intermediate transfer belt surface of not only calculating according to the nitrogen element ratio of intermediate transfer belt surface, the coverage rate of the intermediate transfer belt surface of also calculating according to the zinc element ratio of intermediate transfer belt surface, then the exposure 100-that calculates thus (coverage rate of being calculated by the zinc element) compares.

In image processing system of the present invention, do not contain the material take the nitrogen element as principal ingredient in developer or film forming matter, the minimizing of intermediate transfer belt surface nitrogen element is because surface attachments causes.Therefore, can form according to image before the nitrogen element containing ratio A atom % of intermediate transfer belt surface and image form after the nitrogen element containing ratio B atom % of intermediate transfer belt surface calculate the exposure (B/A) * 100% of intermediate transfer belt surface.

Do not exist the ratio (1-C/D) * 100 (%) in metallic soap zone less with the difference of the exposure (B/A) * 100 (%) of the intermediate transfer belt surface of being calculated by the ratio of nitrogen element on the intermediate transfer belt surface of being calculated by the ratio of above-mentioned zinc element, the attachment of above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt surface may not be more film forming matter but metallic soap.

As previously mentioned, though the coverage rate imprecision of the metallic soap of being calculated by the zinc element can fully be used for holding the coverage rate of the attachment beyond metallic soap.

Adopting said method to carry out evaluation result can think, the difference of (1-C/D) * 100 (%) and (B/A) * 100 (%) is below 10%, preferred below 5%, more preferably below 3%, can obtain sufficient metallic soap Painting effect.Under these conditions, can the be right attachment on transfer belt surface is not film forming matter but metallic soap.

(1-C/D) * 100 (%) from (B/A) * 100 (%) although calculation method different, due to expression be the ratio (exposure) of metallic soap uncovered area, therefore, this value is less, the ratio that metallic soap covers is height just.The present inventors' discovery, these two values are below 30%, and are preferred below 20%, more preferably below 10%, can obtain further metallic soap Painting effect.

Namely, in order to solve above-mentioned problem, electrophotography intermediate transfer method of the present invention and the image forming method that has adopted the electrofax mode of the method, and, electrophotography intermediate transfer system and the image processing system that has adopted the electrofax mode of this system specifically have the technical characterictic that following (1)～(12) are put down in writing.

(1): a kind of image processing system, described image processing system has adopted the surface to contain the intermediate transfer belt of the electrophotography of nitrogen element, the metallic soap that described image processing system coating contains zinc forms image, it is characterized in that, the nitrogen element containing ratio A (atom %) that above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt surface before image forms is recorded with XPS, (B/A) * 100% of calculating with the nitrogen element containing ratio B (atom %) that the above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt surface that forms after 1000 images is recorded with XPS, account for the difference of (1-C/D) * 100% that the ratio D (atom %) in whole elements outside dehydrogenation calculates below 10% with zinc element in the zinc element containing ratio C (atom %) that the above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt surface that forms after 1000 images is recorded with XPS and metallic soap.

(2): image processing system as described in (1), it is characterized in that, (1) described (B/A) * 100% and (1-C/D) * 100% is below 30%.

(3): image processing system as described in (2) is characterized in that the potpourri that (1) described zinc-containing metal soap is zinc stearate and zinc palmitate.

(4): image processing system as described in (3), it is characterized in that, the blending ratio of (3) described zinc stearate and above-mentioned zinc palmitate is 45: 55～73: 27 weight ratios.

(5): image processing system as described in (1), it is characterized in that, the protuberance that has wire on the surface of (1) described intermediate transfer belt is characterized in that, the height of raised part is below the above 1 μ m of 0.01 μ m, and width is below the above 5 μ m of 0.5 μ m.

(6): image processing system as described in (5), it is characterized in that, (5) image forming area on described intermediate transfer belt is surrounded by the protuberance of wire, is divided into a plurality of little zones, and each area of this divided zonule is 1000 μ m ²Above 30000 μ m ²Below.

(7): image processing system, it has adopted the intermediate transfer method that is used for electrofax, and this intermediate transfer method has adopted the intermediate transfer of the electrophotography of surperficial Nitrogen element to bring to carry out intermediate transfer, it is characterized in that,

It has metallic soap is coated on metallic soap painting process on the intermediate transfer belt of above-mentioned electrophotography, this metallic soap painting process, by with XPS to the nitrogen element containing ratio E (atom %) that records at the above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt surface of coating before above-mentioned metallic soap and, it is below 30% that the nitrogen element containing ratio F (atom %) that the above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt surface that is coated with under toner and the non-existent state of paper after above-mentioned metallic soap 5 minutes is recorded with XPS calculates the exposure (F/E) of intermediate transfer belt * 100%.

(8): image processing system as described in (7), it has adopted the intermediate transfer method that is used for electrofax, it is characterized in that, and (7) described metallic soap is the potpourri of zinc stearate and zinc palmitate.

(9): image processing system as described in (8), it has adopted the intermediate transfer method that is used for electrofax, it is characterized in that, and the blending ratio of (8) described zinc stearate and zinc palmitate is that weight ratio is below 73: 27 more than 45: 55.

(10): image processing system as described in (7), it has adopted the intermediate transfer method that is used for electrofax, (7) protuberance that has wire on the surface of described intermediate transfer belt, it is characterized in that, the height of raised part is below the above 1 μ m of 0.01 μ m, and width is below the above 5 μ m of 0.5 μ m.

(11): image processing system as described in (10), it has adopted the intermediate transfer method that is used for electrofax, it is characterized in that, (10) image forming area on described intermediate transfer belt is surrounded by the protuberance of wire, be divided into a plurality of little zones, and each area of this divided zonule is 1000 μ m ²Above 30000 μ m ²Below.

(12): a kind of image processing system, described image processing system have adopted the surface to contain the electrophotography intermediate transfer belt of nitrogen element, form image with the metallic soap coating that contains zinc, it is characterized in that,

described image processing system adopts electrophotography intermediate transfer method, described electrophotography intermediate transfer method comprises metallic soap is coated on metallic soap painting process on above-mentioned electrophotography intermediate transfer belt, this metallic soap painting process is characterised in that, by with XPS to the nitrogen element containing ratio E (atom %) that records at the above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt surface of coating before above-mentioned metallic soap and, calculating the exposure (F/E) of intermediate transfer belt * 100% at the nitrogen element containing ratio F (atom %) that above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt surface records after coating above-mentioned metallic soap 5 minutes under to the state that does not have toner and paper with XPS is below 30%,

By the nitrogen element containing ratio A (atom %) that above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt surface before forming at image is recorded with XPS and (B/A) * 100% of calculating forming above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt surface records after 1000 images nitrogen element containing ratio B (atom %) with XPS, with the difference of (1-C/D) * 100% by with XPS, the ratio D (atom %) that accounts for the whole elements outside dehydrogenation with XPS to forming zinc element in above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt surface records after 1000 images zinc element containing ratio C (atom %) and metallic soap being calculated below 10%.

(13): image processing system as described in (12), it is characterized in that, (12) described (B/A) * 100% and (1-C/D) * 100% is below 30%.

(14): image processing system as described in (12) is characterized in that the potpourri that (12) described zinc-containing metal soap is zinc stearate and zinc palmitate.

(15): image processing system as described in (14), it is characterized in that, the blending ratio of (14) described zinc stearate and above-mentioned zinc palmitate is 45: 55～73: 27 weight ratios.

(16): image processing system as described in (12), (12) protuberance that has wire on the surface of described intermediate transfer belt, it is characterized in that, the height of raised part is below the above 1 μ m of 0.01 μ m, and width is below the above 5 μ m of 0.5 μ m.

(17): image processing system as described in (16), it is characterized in that, (16) image forming area on described intermediate transfer belt is surrounded by the protuberance of wire, is divided into a plurality of zonules, and each area of this divided zonule is 1000 μ m ²Above 30000 μ m ²Below.

The effect of invention

according to the present invention, can have nothing to do in the decomposition of the formation of metallic soap or metallic soap and hold the covering state of metallic soap on intermediate transfer belt, by the ratio (1-C/D) * 100 (%) in the metallic soap non-existent zone on the intermediate transfer belt surface that forms that the ratio of zinc element is calculated after 1000 images with, the difference of the exposure (B/A) * 100 (%) of the intermediate transfer belt surface of being calculated by the ratio of nitrogen element is below 10%, preferred below 5%, 3% when following more ideally, need not non-film forming matter at above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt surface and only be coated with metallic soap, can obtain sufficient metallic soap Painting effect.

In addition, according to the present invention, above-mentioned (1-C/D) * 100 (%) and (B/A) * 100 (%) are below 30%, and are preferred below 20%, and 10% when following more ideally, can further obtain the Painting effect of metallic soap.

According to the present invention, above-mentioned metallic soap is the potpourri of zinc stearate and zinc palmitate, and its blending ratio (weight ratio) is can more easily reduce the friction factor of intermediate transfer belt surface at 45: 55～73: 27 o'clock.

Again, according to the present invention, existing on the surface of above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt is highly below the above 1 μ m of 0.01 μ m, and width is the wire protuberances below the above 5 μ m of 0.5 μ m, and each area of the zone that is surrounded by above-mentioned wire protuberance at image forming area is 1000 μ m ²～30000 μ m ²The time, can eliminate the inhomogeneous of metallic soap coating, can removal of images come off or density unevenness even, the even such abnormal image of irregular colour.

According to the present invention, can have nothing to do in the formation of metallic soap or the decomposition of metallic soap, and the covering state of assurance metallic soap on intermediate transfer belt, the exposure (F/E) of the intermediate transfer belt of being calculated by the nitrogen element ratio after coating above-mentioned metallic soap 5 minutes under toner and the non-existent state of paper * 100% is below 30%, be preferably below 20%, more conforming with desirable is 10% when following, can obtain sufficient metallic soap Painting effect.

According to the present invention, above-mentioned metallic soap is the potpourri of zinc stearate and zinc palmitate, and its blending ratio (weight ratio) is more easily to reduce the friction factor of intermediate transfer belt surface in 45: 55～73: 27 when following.

Again, according to the present invention, existing on the surface of above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt is highly below the above 1 μ m of 0.01 μ m, and width is the wire protuberances below the above 5 μ m of 0.5 μ m, and each area of the zone that is surrounded by above-mentioned wire protuberance at image forming area is 1000 μ m ²～30000 μ m ²When following, can eliminate the inhomogeneous of metallic soap coating, can removal of images come off or density unevenness even, the even such abnormal image of irregular colour.

according to the present invention, can have nothing to do in the decomposition of the formation of metallic soap or metallic soap and hold the covering state of metallic soap on intermediate transfer belt, having adopted the exposure (F/E) of the intermediate transfer belt of being calculated by the nitrogen element ratio after coating above-mentioned metallic soap 5 minutes under the state that does not have toner and paper * 100% is below 30%, be preferably below 20%, more conforming with desirable is to be the intermediate transfer method that is used for electrofax of feature below 10%, by the ratio (1-C/D) * 100 (%) in the metallic soap non-existent zone on the intermediate transfer belt surface that forms that the ratio of zinc element is calculated after 1000 images with, the difference of the exposure (B/A) * 100 (%) of the intermediate transfer belt surface of being calculated by the ratio of nitrogen element is below 10%, preferred below 5%, 3% when following more ideally, need not non-film forming matter at above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt surface and only be coated with metallic soap, can obtain sufficient metallic soap Painting effect.

According to the present invention, above-mentioned metallic soap is the potpourri of zinc stearate and zinc palmitate, its blending ratio (weight ratio) be 45: 55～below 73: 27, can more easily reduce thus the friction factor of intermediate transfer belt surface.

Again, according to the present invention, existing on the surface of above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt is highly below the above 1 μ m of 0.01 μ m, and width is the wire protuberances below the above 5 μ m of 0.5 μ m, and each area of the zone that is surrounded by above-mentioned wire protuberance at image forming area is 1000 μ m ²～30000 μ m ²Below, thus, can eliminate the inhomogeneous of metallic soap coating, can removal of images come off or density unevenness even, the even such abnormal image of irregular colour.

According to the present invention, can form such full color electronic photographing device, the pushing that described full color electronic photographing device can alleviate due to cleaning balde contacts the damage that causes, suppress film forming, make electric property stable, improve antifriction consumption energy, make the life-span of intermediate transfer belt long, do not rely on the surface texture of photosensitive drums or copying paper and show high transfer printing performance, provide a kind of do not have image to come off or density unevenness even, the high-quality full-color image of the even such abnormal image of irregular colour.

According to the present invention, can provide electric property stable, the antifriction consumption can be outstanding, without image come off or density unevenness even, the even such abnormal image of irregular colour, form the intermediate transfer method of the long-life used for full color electronic photographing of high-quality full-color image, and the image processing system that has adopted the electrofax mode of the method.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is that the surperficial exposure of the intermediate transfer belt of embodiment of the present invention is coated with the passing of time with metallic soap.

Fig. 2 is the mode chart of image processing system critical piece of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is for adopting the image processing system of electrofax intermediate transfer system of the present invention, a critical piece mode chart that consists of example of a plurality of photosensitive drums that are arranged side by side along endless belt.

Embodiment

Below with regard to the intermediate transfer method for electrofax of the present invention and adopted the image processing system of the electrofax mode of the method to illustrate in further detail.

The embodiment of the following stated is owing to being the better embodiment of the present invention, therefore, although added various technical desirable restrictions, need only the clearly record that does not have in the following description of limiting the present invention to, scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

＜be used for the intermediate transfer belt of electrofax 〉

The form of the electrophotography intermediate transfer belt that adopts as the present invention, the band of ring-type conforms with desirable, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

As the resin that is used for endless belt, consider from croop property and permanance angle, used polyimide resin.Polyimide resin can with thermoplastic-type, solvent-soluble type, thermosetting type any one.Wherein, especially for considering with the necessity that coordinates of various materials, in particular for adjusting resistance will with the coordinating of resistance adjusting agent, it is desirable to, the solution (polyimide varnish) that use contains the polyimide precursor that has adopted organic polar solvent is coated with, and makes it the resin of the heat curing type of heat curing moulding.

In order to allow metallic soap be attached to fully on the surface of intermediate transfer belt, making the intermediate transfer belt surface moderately become coarse is effectively way.Can consider as using lapping compound, muller, sandblast processing, surperficial rolling ﹠ extruding process, the disposal route of the machineries such as change drying condition as the method; As etching, the disposal route of the chemistry such as electron beam treatment; Add filler, make coarse top layer with air painter, add to extract again after the solvent of stripping to wait to change the method for filling a prescription etc.

Most suitable in these methods is the method for protuberance of making on intermediate transfer belt.When on middle transfer belt, protuberance having been arranged, metallic soap is blocked by the periphery of this protuberance, easily stops, and has promoted the micronization of metallic soap due to this protuberance, so metallic soap is covered.

But the width of protuberance is wide, and the place that promotes metallic soap to supply with is restricted, and inhomogeneous phenomenon can occur the quantity delivered of metallic soap.The width of protuberance is narrow, becomes wire, can allow metallic soap cover efficiently on the surface of intermediate transfer belt.

The making of＜wire protuberance 〉

Below describe with regard to the method for making of wire protuberance on intermediate transfer belt.

The method of making protuberance on intermediate transfer belt has: make the method for protuberance during with polyamide heat curing moulding, and make the method for protuberance after moulding on the intermediate transfer belt surface.

Make protuberance during with polyamide heat curing moulding, if adopt as general film-forming method, namely the method for masking on support, can make the wire recess and make the wire protuberance by the surface at support.Can adopt centrifugal forming as film-forming method, roller coat, blade coating, ring is coated with, dip-coating, spraying disperses coating, and mould is coated with etc., as the film-forming method of polyimide endless belt, extensively adopts centrifugal casting.

The inner face of the mould of using at centrifugal forming is made into recess, and the rea adjusting of the zonule that will be surrounded by this recess becomes 1000 μ m ²Above 30000 μ m ²Below, just can control the area that the intermediate transfer belt surface is surrounded by the wire protuberance.

Cut is arranged, grinding, electromachining, sputter etc. as the method for making the mould recess that above-mentioned moulding uses.Utilize sputter to make recess in present embodiment.Utilize cut, grinding, it is very high that electromachining is carried out micro-machined cost, sputter can process uniformly on excircle and expense also low, be suitable so utilize the next making of sputter method.

When making protuberance on the intermediate transfer belt surface after the polyamide moulding, have as method for making, utilize the thermoplasticity of polyamide, while heat the method for the object that contacts recess, cut, grinding, electromachining etc.

The shape of above-mentioned wire protuberance can be rectilinear form, but the combination of mild curve and straight line adheres to equably than the metallic soap that more can allow of rectilinear form, and is effective.Although the protuberance of wire can consider to adopt clathrate, cellular, the various shapes such as random, but picture is cellular, and is random such, for the peripheral direction of intermediate transfer belt, composition on tilted direction arranges to get many words, can suppress the generation of film forming phenomenon, so, get up more to conform with ideal with other shape matchings.

The height of above-mentioned wire protuberance is below the above 1 μ m of 0.01 μ m, and width is below the above 5 μ m of 0.5 μ m, and being more preferably is highly below the above 0.1 μ m of 0.02 μ m, and width is below the above 2 μ m of 1 μ m.In addition, the zonule area that has been surrounded by raised part is 1000 μ m ²Above 30000 μ m ²Below, be more preferably 3000 μ m ²Above 15000 μ m ²Below.

No matter wish where the height of above-mentioned wire protuberance is all highly identical, even but different in different position height, perhaps Partial Height a bit deficient in, effect of the present invention also can be kept substantially, is short of the object reference area that the position also is regarded as protuberance.

The height of protuberance is during lower than 0.01 μ m, and is highly also too low because of it even itself compare with the metallic soap molecule because the molecular length of the zinc stearate that is mainly used in metallic soap is the degree of 0.01 μ m, as broad as long with smooth occasion, can not supply with efficiently metallic soap.When the height of protuberance surpassed 1 μ m, protuberance itself became the foreign matter of intermediate transfer belt surface, became the reason that produces abnormal image.Height 0.1 μ m more than 0.02 μ m especially can obtain the effect of protuberance when following fully, can not become the reason that produces abnormal image as foreign matter.

The width of protuberance is during lower than 0.5 μ m, and the shape of protuberance is too tiny, so that protuberance itself becomes is fragile, fractureing of protuberance might become the reason that produces abnormal image.When the width of protuberance surpassed 5 μ m, shape is too steady, and was as broad as long with smooth occasion, can not supply with efficiently metallic soap.Width 2 μ m permanance when following more than 1 μ m is good especially, can obtain fully the effect of protuberance.

The area that is surrounded by protuberance is lower than 1000 μ m ²The time, because the quantity delivered of metallic soap is too much, the surface gloss of intermediate transfer belt descends, detection is formed image color on intermediate transfer belt, adjust the condition that image forms, bring impact for so-called process control, metallic soap itself might become as foreign matter the reason that produces abnormal image.The area that is surrounded by protuberance surpasses 30000 μ m ²The time, under the fast state of the linear velocity of intermediate transfer belt, because the quantity delivered of metallic soap is very few, the crawling of metallic soap is even, becomes the reason that produces abnormal image.

The height of protuberance, width, although good when the area that is surrounded by protuberance is fixed value, so long as just can obtain the effect of sufficient protuberance in above-mentioned scope.The shape of protuberance can be utilized laser microscope, the optical interference microscope, and atomic force microscope (AFM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) is confirmed.

Can obtain the area that is surrounded by protuberance by the photo of scanning electron microscope.To be identified at scale in photo as benchmark, surround the zone of 400X400 μ m, the area that metering is surrounded by each protuberance in the zone is calculated the mean value of the area that is metered into, and obtains the area that is surrounded by protuberance.

The zone of being measured when calculating the area that is surrounded by protuberance is to select according to density and the shape of protuberance, but more than preferred 200X200 μ m, below 600X600 μ m.The zone of metering is during less than 200X200 μ m, and the inhomogeneous impact of protuberance part is large, and numerical value is far from being reliability.The zone of metering because the visual field is excessive, is difficult to measure the area that is surrounded by each protuberance, spended time too during greater than 600X600 μ m.

Below describe polyimide precursor and the polyimide by this precursor heat treated (imidizate) is generated as the constituent that is applicable to coating fluid of the present invention in detail.

＜polyimide 〉

Be used for polyimide of the present invention, at first utilize general known aromatic polycarboxylic acid acid anhydride or derivatives thereof and the reaction of aromatic diamine, make via polyamic acid (precursor of polyamide).That is, polyamide is insoluble to solvent etc. because of the backbone structure of its rigidity, character because cannot not having moltenly again, so at first by acid anhydrides and the synthetic soluble polyimide precursor (polyamic acid) that is dissolved in organic solvent that generates of aromatic diamine, carry out in various manners processing and forming in this stage, then polyamic acid heated or generate polyimide with chemical method through dehydration cyclisation (imidizate).Shown in the outline reaction equation described as follows (1) of reaction.

Change 1]

In above-mentioned chemical equation (1), Ar ¹Expression contains the quaternary aromatic residue of at least one hexa-atomic carboatomic ring, Ar ²Expression contains the binary aromatic residue of at least one hexa-atomic carboatomic ring.

object lesson as above-mentioned aromatic polycarboxylic acid acid anhydride, for example can enumerate pyromellitic dianhydride, 3, 3 ', 4, 4 '-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2, 2 ', 3, 3 '-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 3, 3 ', 4, 4 '-BPDA, 2, 2 ', 3, 3 '-BPDA, 2, 2-two (2, 3-two carboxy phenyls) propane dianhydride, two (3, 4-two carboxy phenyls) ether dianhydride, two (3, 4-two carboxy phenyls) sulfone dianhydride, 1, 1-two (2, 3-two carboxy phenyls) ethane dianhydride, two (2, 3-two carboxy phenyls) methane dianhydride, two (3, 4-two carboxy phenyls) methane dianhydride, 2, 2-two (3, 4-two carboxy phenyls)-1, 1, 1, 3, 3, the 3-hexafluoropropane dianhydride, 2, 3, 6, 7-naphthalene tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1, 4, 5, 8-naphthalene tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1, 2, 5, 6-naphthalene tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1, 2, 3, 4-benzene tertacarbonic acid dianhydride, 3, 4, 9, the 10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2, 3, 6, 7-anthracene tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1, 2, 7, the luxuriant and rich with fragrance tetracarboxylic dianhydride of 8-etc.They can use separately or two or morely mix use.In addition, other (the non-aromatic family) polybasic acid anhydride (in scope of 50 % by mole) in the scope of not damaging the object of the invention such as ethylidene tetracarboxylic dianhydride or cyclopentane tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride can merge use.

below, as with the object lesson of the aromatic diamine of aromatic polycarboxylic acid anhydride reactant, for example can enumerate m-phenylene diamine, o-phenylenediamine, p-phenylenediamine (PPD), between amino-benzylamine, p-benzylamine, 4, 4 '-diaminodiphenyl ether, 3, 3 '-diaminodiphenyl ether, 3, 4 '-diaminodiphenyl ether, 3, the 3-diaminodiphenyl sulfide, (3-aminophenyl) (4-aminophenyl) thioether, 4, the 4-diaminodiphenyl sulfide, 3, the 3-diaminodiphenyl sulfide, (3-aminophenyl) (4-aminophenyl) sulfoxide, two (3-aminophenyl) sulfone, (3-aminophenyl) (4-aminophenyl) sulfone, two (4-aminophenyl) sulfone, 3, 3 '-diamido benzoquinones, 3, 4 '-diamido benzoquinones, 4, 4 '-diamido benzoquinones, 4, 4 '-diaminodiphenylmethane, two [4-(3-amino-benzene oxygen) phenyl] methane, two [4-(4-amino-benzene oxygen) phenyl] methane, 1, two [4-(3-amino-benzene oxygen) phenyl] ethane of 1-, 1, two [4-(4-amino-benzene oxygen) phenyl] ethane of 1-, 1, two [4-(3-amino-benzene oxygen) phenyl] ethane of 2-, 1, two [4-(4-amino-benzene oxygen) phenyl] ethane of 2-, 2, two [4-(3-amino-benzene oxygen) phenyl] propane of 2-, 2, two [4-(4-amino-benzene oxygen) phenyl] propane of 2-, 2, two [4-(3-amino-benzene oxygen) phenyl] butane of 2-, 2, two [3-(3-amino-benzene oxygen) phenyl]-1 of 2-, 1, 1, 3, 3, the 3-HFC-236fa, 2, two [4-(4-amino-benzene oxygen) phenyl]-1 of 2-, 1, 1, 3, 3, the 3-HFC-236fa, 1, two (3-amino-benzene oxygen) benzene of 3-, 1, two (4-amino-benzene oxygen) benzene of 3-, 1, two (3-amino-benzene oxygen) benzene of 4-, 1, two (4-amino-benzene oxygen) benzene of 3-, 4, 4 '-two (3-amino-benzene oxygen) biphenyl, 4, 4 '-two (4-amino-benzene oxygen) biphenyl, two [4-(3-amino-benzene oxygen) phenyl] ketone, two [4-(4-amino-benzene oxygen) phenyl] ketone, two [4-(3-amino-benzene oxygen) benzene] thioether, two [4-(4-amino-benzene oxygen) benzene] thioether, two [4-(3-amino-benzene oxygen) phenyl] sulfoxide, two [4-(4-amino-benzene oxygen) phenyl] sulfoxide, two [4-(3-amino-benzene oxygen) phenyl] sulfone, two [4-(4-amino-benzene oxygen) phenyl] sulfone, two [4-(3-amino-benzene oxygen) phenyl] ether, two [4-(4-amino-benzene oxygen) phenyl] ether, 1, two [4-(3-amino-benzene oxygen) benzyl] benzene of 4-, 1, two [4-(3-amino-benzene oxygen) benzyl] benzene of 3-, 4, 4 '-two [3-(4-amino-benzene oxygen) benzyl] diphenyl ether, 4, 4 '-two [3-(3-amino-benzene oxygen) benzyl] diphenyl ether, 4, 4 '-two-[4-(4-amino-α, α-dimethylbenzyl) phenoxy group] benzophenone, 4, 4 '-two-[4-(4-amino-α, α-dimethylbenzyl) phenoxy group] diphenylsulphone, two [4-{4-(4-amino-benzene oxygen) phenoxy group } phenyl] sulfone, 1, 4-pair-[4-(4-amino-benzene oxygen) phenoxy group-α, α-dimethylbenzyl] benzene, 1, 3-pair-[4-(4-amino-benzene oxygen) phenoxy group-α, α-dimethylbenzyl] benzene etc.They can be independent or two or morely mix use.

Roughly equimolar above-mentioned polybasic carboxylic acid anhydride component and two amine components in organic polar solvent, can obtain the precursor (polyamic acid) of polyimide through polyreaction.Below make specific description with regard to the manufacture method of polyamic acid.

the organic polar solvent that uses as the polyreaction of polyamic acid, for example can enumerate dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), the solvent of the sulfoxide types such as diethyl sulfoxide, N, dinethylformamide, N, the benzamide type solvents such as N-diethylformamide, N, the N-dimethyl acetamide, N, the ethanamide solvents such as N-diethyl acetamide, METHYLPYRROLIDONE, the pyrrolidone kind solvents such as NVP, phenol, ortho-, meta-or p-, meta-or p-cresols, xylenol, halogenated phenol, the phenol solvents such as catechol, tetrahydrofuran, diox, the ether solvents such as dioxolanes, methyl alcohol, ethanol, the alcohols solvents such as butanols, cellosolve class or the hexamethyl phosphoramides such as butyl cellosolve, butyrolactam etc., wish that they are independent or use as mixed solvent.As long as can dissolve polyamic acid, solvent is not particularly limited, but DMA, METHYLPYRROLIDONE is gratifying especially.

Example during as the manufacturing polyimide precursor, at first, the diamines with one or more under the atmosphere of the inert gases such as argon or nitrogen is dissolved in above-mentioned organic solvent, perhaps makes to diffuse into paste-like.With at least a above-mentioned polybasic acid anhydride or its derivant (solid state might as well, being dissolved in the solution state in the organic solvent might as well, slurry state might as well can) join in this solution, be accompanied by heating, the ring opening polyaddition reaction has occured, the viscosity that can find solution increases fast, obtains the polyamide-based acid solution of high molecular.The temperature of reaction of this moment is-20 ℃～100 ℃, wishes preferably can be controlled at below 60 ℃.Approximately 30 minutes～12 hours reaction time.

Above-mentioned is an example, with above-mentioned reinforced order conversely, first above-mentioned polybasic acid anhydride or its derivant is dissolved or is diffused in organic solvent, then being added in this solution above-mentioned diamines also passable during reaction.Add diamines can directly use solid state, also can be dissolved in solution state and the slurry state in the organic solvent and add.That is, order by merging and the indefinite of carboxylic acid dianhydride composition and two amine components.In addition, also above-mentioned tetracarboxylic dianhydride and above-mentioned diamines can be joined simultaneously they are reacted.

As mentioned above, by the polyreaction that above-mentioned polybasic acid anhydride or its derivant and above-mentioned two amine components occur, obtained to be dissolved in equably with the polyamide-based acid composition polyimide precursor solution of the state in the organic polar solvent in organic polar solvent.

Polyimide precursor solution in the present invention (polyamide-based acid solution) can be used synthetic as described above material, but for for simplicity, also can buy the commercially available prod, with the state of polyamic acid composition dissolves in organic solvent, so-called polyimide varnish uses.

As such example, can enumerate representational product as, beautiful Nice, east (TORAYNEECE, Dong Li company goods), U-Giovanni these (U-Varnish, emerging product company of space section goods), OPTOMER (JSR company goods), SE812 (daily output chemical company goods), CRC8000 (Sumitomo Bakelite Bakelite company goods) etc.

As the thermoplasticity class AURUM (Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. goods), Vespel (D μ Pont company of Du Pont goods) etc. are arranged.RIKACOAT (new Japanese physics and chemistry company goods) arranged, block copolymerized polyimide (PI skill developed product), GPI (group flourish chemical industrial company goods) etc. as the solvent-soluble class.These materials can be used as the minor component resin that does not damage the object of the invention, and the material that makes an addition to the thermosetting class mixes use.

To synthesizing or buying in next polyamide-based acid solution, can coordinate as required the material fusion enter to be mixed with coating fluid.Coating fluid be coated on support (mould that moulding is used) upper after, wait processing by heating, carry out by as the polyamic acid of polyimide precursor conversion (imidizate) process to polyimide.

Can utilize (one) only with method of heating by polyamic acid to the method for transformation of polyimide, or method of (two) chemistry realize imidizate.Only the method () with heating is polyamic acid to be heated to 200～350 ℃ process the method that changes into polyimide, is the easy method of practical acquisition polyimide (polyimide resin) again.And the method (two) of chemistry is that polyamic acid is carried out heat treated after reacting with cyclodehydration reagent (potpourri of carboxylic acid anhydrides and tertiary amine etc.), the method of complete imidizate, with only with the heating method () compare, it is miscellaneous and expensive method, so, usually adopt the methods of () more.

But a kind of of above-mentioned (two) methods that adopt are also arranged recently, namely by with the amine of imidazoles or quinoline etc. as catalyzer, it is included in varnish, promote the method for imidizate in dry run.In order to bring into play the original performance of polyimide, must heat be equivalent to the glass transition temperature of polyimide more than, imidizate is completed, but has been used the method, allegedly can promote imidizate at lower temperature, and can improve the mechanical endurance energy.Yet the amount of these catalyzer is few, can decompose in dry run/distillation, left behind but also have as impurity, and this is unsatisfactory part.

The carrying out state (degree of imidizate) and can estimate by the way of mensuration acid imide rate commonly used of imidizate.

Assay method as such acid imide rate, for example have, according near 9～11ppm owing near the 1H of amide group and 6～9ppm owing to the integration of the 1H of aromatic ring than the nuclear magnetic resonance method of calculating (NMR method), Fourier transform infrared optical spectroscopy (FT-IR method), the method of supporter's acid imide ring-closure reaction quantitative measurement moisture, the whole bag of tricks such as carboxylic acid neutralization titration can utilize, but wherein, Fourier transform infrared optical spectroscopy (FT-IR method) is the most general method.

When adopting Fourier transform infrared optical spectroscopy (FT-IR method), the acid imide rate can be defined as follows.That is, the molal quantity of the imide when the stage of burning till (processing stage of imidizate) is (A), and the molal quantity of 100% imide of (theoretic) during by imidizate is (B), and the acid imide rate is as shown in the formula expression.

Acid imide rate=[(A)/(B)] x100

The molal quantity of the imide in this definition can be obtained according to the ratio of the absorbance of the characteristic absorption of the imide that is recorded by the FT-IR method.For example, as representational characteristic absorption, can adopt the ratio of following absorbance to estimate the acid imide rate.

(1) 725cm of one of imido characteristic absorption ^-1The characteristic absorption 1015cm of (the deformation vibration band of imide ring C=O base) and phenyl ring ^-1The ratio of absorbance,

(2) 1380cm of one of imido characteristic absorption ^-1The characteristic absorption 1500cm of (the deformation vibration band of imide ring C-N base) and phenyl ring ^-1The ratio of absorbance,

(3) 1720cm of one of imido characteristic absorption ^-1The characteristic absorption 1500cm of (the deformation vibration band of imide ring C=O base) and phenyl ring ^-1The ratio of absorbance,

(4) 1720cm of one of imido characteristic absorption ^-1Characteristic absorption 1670cm with amide group ^-1The ratio of the absorbance of (interaction between amide group N-H deformation vibration and C-N stretching vibration).

Again, if can confirm at 3000～3300cm ^-1From the disappearance of the multi-absorption band of amide group, further improved the reliability that the imidizate process has been completed.

In being applicable to coating fluid of the present invention, also can merge the resin that uses except above-mentioned polyimide other.In order to give intermediate transfer belt necessary function, various materials have also been admixed again.Material as blending for example can mix the resistance adjusting agent, reinforcing material, even paint, surfactant, lubricant, antioxidant, catalyzer etc.Resistance adjusting agent particularly importantly wherein.

Below be illustrated with regard to the resistance adjusting agent.The resistance of intermediate transfer belt be adjusted to the resistance value of appointment, the resistance adjusting agent is necessary, and its interpolation is indispensable.

So long as can adjust can being suitable for as the resistance adjusting agent of resistance value of polyimide.For example can use, carbon black, graphite, perhaps, copper, tin, aluminium, the metal of indium etc.; As tin oxide, zinc paste, titanium dioxide, indium oxide, antimony oxide, bismuth oxide, the tin oxide of the antimony that adulterated, the packing material of the metal oxide attritive powders such as the indium oxide of the tin that adulterated etc., or polyether-amide or polyether-ester-amide, polypyrrole, polythiophene, the conducting polymer composite that polyaniline etc. are such; Tetraalkylammonium salt, triakyl benzyl ammonium salt, alkyl sulfonate, alkyl benzene sulfonate, alkyl sulfate, fatty acid glyceride, sorbitan fatty ester, polyoxyalkylene alkyl amine, the polyoxyalkylene aliphatic alcohol ester, alkyl betaine, the ion conductive material that lithium perchlorate etc. are such.Also can merge and use these materials.Again, resistance adjusting agent of the present invention is not limited to these illustrative compounds.

In above-mentioned resistance adjusting agent of the present invention, it is gratifying using carbon black.As carbon black, can adopt furnace black, acetylene carbon black, Ketjen black (Ketjen), channel blacks etc. are gratifying but the oxidized black that oxidation processes crosses is carried out on the surface of these carbon blacks.

Can also utilize dispersing aid as required.Can also carry out surface treatment with having to react with the reactive organic compound of the surface functional group of carbon black and surface functional group.

Secondly, be illustrated with regard to the method for utilizing the coating fluid that contains above-mentioned polyimide precursor to make endless belt.For example, as described below operation is made.

Can be via the dispersion liquid preparation section that the resistance adjusting agent is dispersed in the polyamide-based acid solution, resistance adjusting agent in the dispersion liquid that adjustment is made by this operation is to the coating fluid preparation section of regulation content, the operation of coating fluid coating/curtain coating on support (mould that moulding is used) that will be made by this operation, remove by heating and be coated with/operation of solvent in curtain coating filming on support, the operation of the precursor imidizate that heat temperature raising contains in promoting to film becomes ring-type with the demoulding from the support of formed film and brings manufacturing.

According to the operation that makes the resistance adjusting agent disperse, the method for directly the resistance adjusting agent being disperseed/being blended in polyimide precursor solution is arranged, perhaps in advance the resistance adjusting agent is dispersed in the method for mixing with polyimide precursor solution more afterwards in solvent.

Here, for example explicit order as the method for the carbon black dispersion of resistance adjusting agent.But this is an example, and described method is not limited thereto.

Carbon black and a small amount of polyimide precursor are mixed with METHYLPYRROLIDONE, utilize zirconium oxide bead, at bowl mill or coating jolting machine, disperse certain hour in ball mill etc.After the particle diameter that is dispersed into to a certain degree, with the liquid that takes out as dispersion liquid.

Polyimide precursor solution is mixed with this dispersion liquid, carbon black concentration is diluted to the concentration value of regulation.Mixed method as this moment can adopt centrifugal blender, Henschel (Henschel) mixer, homogenizer, planetary stirring machine etc.

As required, can add the adjuvant of even paint or catalyzer etc. this moment.

In addition, it is gratifying adopting after stirring vacuum Defoaming machine etc. to carry out froth breaking.

Below, the operation of the curing of coating that just will make via above-mentioned operation is illustrated.

As described in the method for making of the wire protuberance on above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt, using the outside surface of the metal-made cylinder support of mould as centrifugal forming, utilize after the sputter legal system finishs recess, release agent is coated on mould, after the coating fluid that will contain polyamic acid is applied to the regulation thickness, utilize air drier, the IH well heater, far infrared heaters etc. make dried coating film.When dry, first at the temperature of 80～120 ℃ of degree dry 10～60 minutes, then, heat up with the speed of 2～5 ℃ of/minute degree, carry out imidizate and burn till under 300～400 ℃.

As the thickness of the intermediate transfer belt that forms in the present invention to be advisable below 100 μ m more than 50 μ m.The too thin insufficient strength of thickness, poor durability, too thick words rigidity are excessive, utilize the little driven roller of curvature to be difficult to realize stable driving.

As the content of carbon black of resistance adjusting agent to be advisable below 25 % by weight more than 5 % by weight.Content of carbon black (lower than 5 % by weight) very little is difficult to the error of controlling resistance value, too many (surpassing 25 % by weight) film become fragile, bending property variation, permanance become bad.

In addition, as the volume resistance value of intermediate transfer belt with 10 ⁶Ω cm above 10 ¹⁰Be advisable below Ω cm.Resistance value is too low (less than 10 ⁶Ω cm), during transfer printing, toner can be scattering into non-image position, and fineness reduces.And it is too high (over 10 ¹⁰Ω cm), the effect that can not bring into play of transfer electric field, not satisfied aspect transfer efficiency

＜metallic soap 〉

Below just the metallic soap as lubricant that adopts of the present invention be illustrated.

As metallic soap, can use zinc stearate, barium stearate, ferric stearate, nickel stearate, cobaltous octadecanate, copper stearate, strontium stearate, calcium stearate etc. have the compound of stearic acid-base.

Can also use same fatty acid-based zinc oleate, barium oleate, plumbi oleas, iron oleate, oleic acid nickel, cobalt oleate, copper oleate, oleic acid strontium, calcium oleate etc. have the compound of oleic acid base.

In addition, can use zinc palmitate, palmitic acid barium, the palm lead plumbate, palmitic acid iron, palmitic acid nickel, the palmitic acid cobalt, copper palmitate, palmitic acid strontium, calcium palmitate etc. have the compound of Palmic acid.

The compound of more than enumerating is easily made the solid metal soap of organic, and is good with the compatibility of toner.

Again, metallic soap of the present invention is nonnitrogenous element.But, if contain nitrogen as impurity levels, so also can contain the nitrogen element.

＜zinc stearate and zinc palmitate 〉

In the present invention, it is gratifying adopting the potpourri of zinc stearate and zinc palmitate.By a certain amount of zinc palmitate is mixed with zinc stearate, even the linear velocity of intermediate transfer belt is very fast, metallic soap can be sprawled on intermediate transfer belt, can cover fully intermediate transfer belt, so be gratifying.

Zinc stearate and zinc palmitate are all fatty acid metal salts, and the carbon number of fatty acid part, stearic acid are 18, and palmitic acid is 16.Therefore, the structural similarity of zinc stearate and zinc palmitate has good compatibility, almost can be used as identical material and plays a role, and either party can provide same protective effect for intermediate transfer belt.

Although its detailed reason is still not clear, can infer, because the fusing point of zinc palmitate is lower than the zinc stearate, when containing a certain amount of above zinc palmitate, metallic soap is easily sprawled and is come, so, even the linear velocity of intermediate transfer belt is very fast, metallic soap can cover intermediate transfer belt fully.

When the linear velocity of photosensitive drums is accelerated, pour into the rechargeable energy on intermediate transfer belt, especially the energy of AC charging is stronger, so, in order to improve metallic soap for the protection effect of intermediate transfer belt, be necessary to increase the thickness of metallic soap on intermediate transfer belt.

Zinc stearate is not to be attached on intermediate transfer belt randomly, and is stable with the state that bimolecular adheres to.That is to say, even zinc stearate is coated on intermediate transfer belt, be saturable with the thickness of zinc stearate bimolecular composition.

Compare with zinc stearate, the slightly short zinc palmitate amount of molecular length surpasses when a certain amount of, and the height of molecular layer becomes and is not a fixed value, and low part coexists with high part.So, smaller molecule enters low part, forms molecular layer.Therefore, estimation result can form the metallic soap layer thicker than bimolecular, has improved the protection effect for intermediate transfer belt.Certainly, the content of zinc palmitate is too many, easily forms the bilayer of zinc palmitate, and the thickness of metallic soap layer just can not increase.Moreover, because the molecule of the molecular proportion zinc stearate of zinc palmitate is little, compare separately with zinc stearate, for the protection weak effect of intermediate transfer belt.

Zinc stearate in the metallic soap that the present invention adopts and the weight ratio of zinc palmitate are to be advisable more than 45: 55 below 73: 27.In the scope of this weight ratio, even the linear velocity of intermediate transfer belt is very fast, metallic soap also can be protected whole intermediate transfer belts, and the thickness of metallic soap layer can attenuate, and the protection of metallic soap is effective, so be gratifying.

Be used for metallic soap of the present invention except zinc stearate, zinc palmitate also can add other different metallic soaps.But, with zinc stearate, the metallic soap that the structure of zinc palmitate differs greatly may be upset zinc stearate, the metallic soap layer that zinc palmitate forms on intermediate transfer belt, so be unfavorable, it is desirable to, with zinc stearate, the metallic soap of the structural similarity of zinc palmitate (carbon number is the zinc soap of 13～20 fatty acid).

Below illustrate the metallic soap that is consisted of by zinc stearate and zinc palmitate, but the present invention is defined in this.

In the present invention, the powder of above-mentioned metallic soap directly can be supplied to intermediate transfer belt gets on, but also can adopt metallic soap is processed into bulk, with scraping metal soap blanks such as scraper plates, make the fine efflorescence of metallic soap resupply the method for intermediate transfer belt, due to the performance of holding of metallic soap, the coating means of metallic soap are simple, so this method can seek to supply with equably metallic soap. and be suitable.

When utilizing the melt molding legal system to make the metal soap blank, with zinc stearate and zinc palmitate melting, after mixing, with melting metallic soap flow in the mould of moulding and go, by cooling, can be made into the metal soap blank.

The metal soap blank of making is attached to metal with bonding agent etc., and alloy uses on the base materials such as plastics.

In the present invention, if the material that uses is really clear and definite, the ratio of zinc stearate and zinc palmitate in the metal soap blank, can calculate according to the dosage of material, but because must contain impurity in material, so preferably the ratio of zinc stearate and zinc palmitate in the middle of every batch of metal soap blank of making is measured.In the middle of described metal soap blank, the ratio of zinc stearate and zinc palmitate can be by being dissolved in the metal soap blank in hydrochloric acid-methanol solution, be heated to 80 ℃, stearic acid and palmitic acid are methylated, utilize gas chromatograph to obtain the ratio of stearic acid and palmitic acid, then the proportionate relationship that this ratio is converted into zinc stearate and zinc palmitate is obtained.

Below, forming afterwards with regard to computed image, the method for the surperficial exposure of intermediate transfer belt is illustrated.Calculate intermediate transfer belt surface exposure itself according to the ratio of nitrogen element, simultaneously, calculate the ratio that does not have the metallic soap zone according to the ratio of zinc element, consider metallic soap attachment in addition, can hold the coverage rate of metallic soap.

Below be described in detail.

The computing method of the surperficial exposure of intermediate transfer belt after＜image forms 〉

In the occasion that obtains metallic soap coating status data, the degree of depth that detects of analyser becomes extremely important.That is, analysis depth is excessively dark, and under metallic soap covered occasion on intermediate transfer belt thinly, probably just the signal of intermediate transfer belt can be detected consumingly.And XPS (the X-ray PhotoelectronSpectroscopy:X linear light electron spectrometer) degree of depth of the lip-deep 5～8nm of detection limit only, so, as on intermediate transfer belt thinly the method analyzed of covered metallic soap state be very gratifying.

Form by measuring image with XPS the nitrogen element containing ratio A atom % that above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt surface before obtains, calculate with the nitrogen element containing ratio B atom % that obtains with the above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt surfaces after 1000 images formation of XPS mensuration.

In image processing system of the present invention, the nearly all nonnitrogenous element of material of metallic soap or generation film forming, the slip of nitrogen element can be regarded as the slip of intermediate transfer belt surface exposure.Therefore, intermediate transfer belt surface exposure can be opened calculating with (B/A) * 100 (%).The possibility that the less metallic soap of this exposure covers is just higher, and is preferred below 20% below 30%, is more preferably to meet hope when following 10%.

After forming,＜image do not have the calculating of the regional percentage of metallic soap on the intermediate transfer belt surface 〉

The containing ratio C atom % of the zinc that the above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt surfaces after forming with 1000 images of XPS mensuration obtain, what the present invention adopted for the ratio D atom % of the whole elements except protium, can use (1-C/D) * 100 (%) calculate the ratio that does not have the zone of metallic soap on intermediate transfer belt as zinc element in the potpourri of the zinc stearate of metallic soap and zinc palmitate.The non-existent ratio of this metallic soap is less, and the possibility of metallic soap covering is just higher, it is desirable to, and this ratio is below 30%, and is preferred below 20%, is more preferably below 10%.

If the attachment on intermediate transfer belt is not film forming matter, be only metallic soap, it should be consistent not having the ratio (1-C/D) * 100 (%) in the zone of metallic soap on above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt surface exposure (B/A) * 100 (%) and intermediate transfer belt.The difference of these two numerical value is less, and the attachment on a transfer belt that can be right is not film forming matter but metallic soap.It is desirable to, the difference of these two is below 10%, and is preferred below 5%, is more preferably below 3%.

Below, just under toner and the non-existent state of paper after coating metal soap 5 minutes the computing method of intermediate transfer belt surface exposure be illustrated.Can itself estimate middle printing transferring method accordingly.When adopting the intermediate transfer method of estimating accordingly, can be in right amount and coating metal soap equably, and reduce attachment beyond metallic soap.

Below this is elaborated.

＜coating metal soap the calculating of intermediate transfer belt surface exposure afterwards in 5 minutes 〉

Method as coating metal soap under toner and the non-existent state of paper, the method that makes image form action under the state of not inputting toner and paper in image processing system can illustratively be arranged, or as using image processing system, make the method for intermediate transfer monomer action under the state of not inputting toner and paper, but in the present invention, can with any method coating.

Fig. 1 is presented in embodiment of the present invention, and intermediate transfer belt surface exposure is with the variation of metallic soap coating passage of time.After the coating beginning, metallic soap is accumulated on intermediate transfer belt rapidly, and after several minutes, accumulation is almost saturated becomes stable.In the present embodiment, the accumulation stabilization energy of metallic soap obtains to have reproducible determination data, get rear 5 minutes of metallic soap coating beginning, namely arranged, as obtaining the reproducible determination data determination data of such needed time of accumulation abundant excess time.According to using embodiments of the present invention, which kind of image processing system no matter, the metallic soap accumulation reaches the stable time and all is discontented with 5 minutes.

The surperficial exposure of intermediate transfer belt after metallic soap coating 5 minutes, by measure with XPS before the metallic soap coating obtain intermediate transfer belt surface nitrogen element containing ratio E atom % with, the nitrogen element containing ratio F atom % that measures the intermediate transfer belt surface after the coating of metallic soap under toner and the non-existent state of paper that obtains 5 minutes with XPS calculates.The material that there is no Nitrogen element in metallic soap of the present invention, the slip of nitrogen element can be regarded as the slip of intermediate transfer belt surface exposure.Therefore, the surperficial exposure of intermediate transfer belt can be calculated with (F/E) * 100 (%).This exposure is lower, and the possibility that covers of metallic soap is just higher, and is preferred below 20% below 30%, is more preferably to meet hope when following 10%.

the intermediate transfer method of the electrophotography that the present invention uses is, the surperficial exposure (F/E) * 100 (%) of 5 minutes intermediate transfer belts afterwards of metallic soap coating is below 30%, preferred below 20%, be better below 10%, and, the difference of the surperficial exposure (B/A) * 100 (%) of the intermediate transfer belts after image forms 1000 and the ratio (1-C/D) * 100 (%) in metallic soap non-existent zone is below 10%, preferred below 5%, be more preferably 3% when following, can be in right amount and coating metal soap equably, and the attachment beyond the minimizing metallic soap.

[image processing system, image forming method]

Below be illustrated with regard to an embodiment of image processing system of the present invention.

Present embodiment just adopts the image processing system of the electrophotography intermediate transfer system of the above-mentioned endless belt of purchasing, and is described in detail with reference to the mode chart of the critical piece of endless belt periphery.Mode chart is an example, concurrently is defined in this.

In the image processing system that has used the electrophotography intermediate transfer system that is coated with metallic soap on endless belt, also can not supply with toner and paper using, other are applied to accumulation with metallic soap and reach capacity as the occasion of usually carrying out image formation.Again, this occasion (basis) is after coating saturating capacity metallic soap, supplies with toner and paper using, carries out image and form as normal conditions.

The mode chart of Fig. 2 demonstrates the general configuration at the image processing system main position of adopting the electrophotography intermediate transfer system.

Intermediate transfer unit (500) as the band structure parts shown in Figure 2 is by by formations such as the intermediate transfer belts as middle transfer body of a plurality of roller tensionings (501).The conduct that the periphery of this intermediate transfer belt (501) disposes secondary transfer printing unit (600) opposed to each other applies the secondary transfer printing bias voltage roller (605) of the means of secondary transfer printing electric charge, as the band cleaning balde (504) of middle transfer body cleaning means, as the metallic soap coating brush (505) of the metallic soap coating parts of metallic soap coating means etc.

This intermediate transfer belt (501) is used as the primary transfer bias voltage roller (507) that applies primary transfer electric charge means, band driven roller (508), belt tension roller (509), secondary transfer printing subtend roller (510), cleaning subtend roller (511), and feedback current is surveyed the tensionings such as roller (512).Each roller is made with conductive material, and except primary transfer bias voltage roller (507), each roller is ground connection all.On primary transfer bias voltage roller (507), to utilize by the primary transfer power supply (801) of continuous current or constant voltage control and applied transfer bias, this transfer bias is controlled by the curtage that the stacking fold according to toner image determines.

Intermediate transfer belt (501) is with driven roller (508) to drive along the direction of arrow, and band driven roller (508) is rotated along the direction of arrow by not shown drive motor.As the intermediate transfer belt (501) of these band structure parts normally semiconductor or insulator, have the single or multiple lift structure, but that above-mentioned endless belt uses is satisfactory.Can realize the formation of qualitative picture thus when improving permanance.For overlapping with the upper toner image that forms of photosensitive drums (200), intermediate transfer belt is set greater than the maximum possible size by paper.

Secondary transfer printing bias voltage roller (605) as the secondary transfer printing means faces toward by the band outer peripheral face of the intermediate transfer belt (501) of the part of secondary transfer printing subtend roller (510) tensioning, utilizes the contact separation device as the contact separation means described later to consist of possible contact separation.The setting of secondary transfer printing bias voltage roller (605) is wanted to clamp at it and is recorded the copy paper of media with conduct between by the intermediate transfer belt (501) of the part of secondary transfer printing subtend roller (510) tensioning, and the secondary transfer printing power supply (802) of controlling by continuous current is applied in the transfer bias of continuous current.

According to the rules time qualified of registration roller (610) will be sent into secondary transfer printing bias voltage roller (605) and by between the intermediate transfer belt (501) of the part of secondary transfer printing subtend roller (510) tensioning as the copy paper (P) of transfer materials.Cleaning balde (608) as cleaning means is close to secondary transfer printing bias voltage roller (605).This cleaning balde (608) is removed the attachment that is attached to secondary transfer printing bias voltage roller (605) surface, implements cleaning course.

In the color copy machine of this spline structure, the cycle period that image forms at the beginning, photosensitive drums (200) is rotated along the counter clockwise direction shown in arrow by the not shown CD-ROM drive motor that goes out, corresponding to every kind of color, charged by charger (203), after the image exposure from the light (L) of the not shown exposure means that goes out, at upper Bk (deceiving) toner image that forms of this photosensitive drums (200), C (green grass or young crops) toner image, M (magenta) toner image, Y (Huang) toner image.Intermediate transfer belt (501) driven rolls (508) rotates along the direction that clockwise rotates shown in arrow.Be accompanied by the rotation of this intermediate transfer belt (501), by being applied to the formed transfer bias of voltage on primary transfer bias voltage roller (507), carried out the Bk toner image, C toner image, M toner image, the primary transfer of Y toner image, at last, according to Bk, C, M, each toner image of the order of Y overlaps to form on intermediate transfer belt (501).

For example, above-mentioned Bk toner image is according to as described below formation.

In Fig. 2, charger (203) makes negative charge the same with the regulation current potential on the surface band of photosensitive drums (200) by corona discharge.Decide time qualifiedly according to above-mentioned tape label detectable signal, by the not shown laser cell that writes, carry out the grating exposure of laser according to Bk color image signal.When this grating image is exposed, disappeared with the part that is exposed on the photosensitive drums that has gone up identical charges (200) surface electric charge proportional to the light quantity of exposure originally, formed the Bk electrostatic latent image.By by the Bk toner of negative charge and contacting of this Bk electrostatic latent image on Bk developing machine (231K) development roller strap, the non-cohesive toner of part at the upper residual charge of photosensitive drums (200), toner is adsorbed on the part that there is no electric charge, the part that namely has been exposed forms the Bk toner image similar to electrostatic latent image.

Thus, be contact condition with photosensitive drums (200) and constant speed drives on the band outer peripheral face of the intermediate transfer belt (501) that rotates at the upper Bk toner image that forms of photosensitive drums (200) by primary transfer.The remaining toner that remains in the more lip-deep not transfer printing of photosensitive drums (200) after this primary transfer is removed clean by photosensitive drums cleaning device (201), in order to reusing of photosensitive drums (200).In these photosensitive drums (200) one sides, then the Bk image forms operation and just carries out Y image formation operation, in limiting, official hour utilize the color scanning device to begin reading of Y view data, according to this Y view data, write by laser, form the Y electrostatic latent image on the surface of photosensitive drums (200).

Then, after the rear end part of Bk electrostatic latent image formerly passes through, and before the fore-end of electrostatic latent image arrives, the action that revolution developing cell (230) rotates, Y developing machine (231Y) is set in developing location, and the Y electrostatic latent image is by the Y toner development.After, the development in Y electrostatic latent image zone is also continuing, but the time point that passes through at the rear end part of Y electrostatic latent image, and is the same with the situation of previous Bk developing machine (231K), turn round the action that developing cell rotates, move to the developing location of next C developing machine (231C).This action is also just to have completed before the fore-end of next C electrostatic latent image arrives.Again, with regard to the image of C and M formed operation, it is the reading of view data of color separately, forms electrostatic latent image, the action of development all with above-mentioned Bk, the operation of Y is the same, omits.

In addition, around photosensitive drums 200, except above-mentioned parts, it is desirable to, for example, as shown in Figure 2, dispose the current potential that detects photosensitive drums 200, survey the potentiometric sensor 204 of the electriferous state before development after exposing, and detect the toner image concentration sensor 205 of the image color on the front photosensitive drums 200 of rear brick seal of developing.

Like this, the Bk that forms successively on photosensitive drums (200), Y, C, the toner image of M in order position consistency ground by primary transfer on the same face of intermediate transfer belt (501).Thus, formed on intermediate transfer belt (501) four kinds of colour superimpositions toner image (513) has together been arranged at most.In addition, form action at first at above-mentioned image, copy paper (P) is supplied with by the sheet feeding section of carton or hand paper feed tray etc., locates standby at the roll gap (jaw) of registration roller (610).

Then, by being located by the roll gap (jaw) between the intermediate transfer belt (501) of secondary transfer printing subtend roller (510) tensioning and secondary transfer printing bias voltage roller (605) on formed secondary transfer printing position, when the front end of the toner image on above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt (501) closes on, make the front end of copy paper (P) consistent with the front end of this toner image, registration roller (610) is driven, copy paper (P) is transferred along copy paper guide plate (601), and the location of carrying out copy paper (P) and toner image is involutory.

This copy paper (P) is transferred along guide plate (601), subtend position by the electric charger (606) that disappears that consists of with the acusector that disappears that is configured in the transfer section downstream is disappeared after electricity, is sent to fixing device (270) (with reference to Fig. 2) by the defeated paper-tape equipment (210) with component part.Then, this copy paper (P) is at the fixing roller (271) of fixing device (270), (272) roll gap (jaw) is located after toner image is melted photographic fixing, be sent to outside apparatus main body buttress code outwardly in the not shown autotype pallet that goes out through the not shown exit roller that goes out.As required, fixing device (270) also can be used as the structure of purchasing with component part.

On the other hand, above-mentioned surface with the photosensitive drums (200) after transfer printing is by photosensitive drums cleaning device (201) cleaning, by the above-mentioned electric light that disappears (202) by the electricity that disappears equably.After copy paper (P) was upper, what remain in intermediate transfer belt (501) was with cleaning balde (504) to dispose with the remaining toner on outer peripheral face with the toner image secondary transfer printing.This is to utilize the not shown cleaning member that goes out to separate contact device by the structure with cleaning balde (504), and the band outer peripheral face that faces toward this intermediate transfer belt (501) in official hour limits contacts/separates.

The upstream side of moving direction at the above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt (501) of this band cleaning balde (504) is provided with the toner seal member (503) that carries out contact separation with outer peripheral face facing to this intermediate transfer belt (501).This toner seal member (503) is caught from the toner that above-mentioned band cleaning balde (504) falls down during with above-mentioned removing remaining toner, prevents that this toner that falls down from dispersing to the conveying paper road of above-mentioned copy paper (P).This toner seal member (503) is by above-mentioned cleaning member contact separation device, along with above-mentioned band cleaning balde (504) together, contact/separate facing to the band outer peripheral face of this intermediate transfer belt (501).

So, will be applied on the band outer peripheral face of the intermediate transfer belt (501) of removing remaining toner by the metallic soap (506) that above-mentioned metallic soap coating brush (505) cuts out.This metallic soap is configured to contact with coating brush (505).Utilization by with intermediate transfer belt (501) contact with outer peripheral face, the not shown band that the goes out electrical bias that disappears that brush applied that disappears, remove remain in this intermediate transfer belt (501) with the residual charge on outer peripheral face.Above-mentioned metallic soap coating brush (505) and the above-mentioned band brush utilization not shown contact separation device separately that disappears contacts/separates at the band outer peripheral face of in setting time facing to this intermediate transfer belt (501).

Here, when repeating to duplicate, the image forming course that the action of color scanning device and tax photosensitive drums (200) is, then the image of the 4th kind of color (M) of first forms operation, and the image that enters the first color (Bk) of second in the limiting time of regulation forms operation.Again, intermediate transfer belt (501), then the four look overlapping toner images of first gather transfer printing process on the copy paper, in the zone of having been cleaned by above-mentioned band cleaning balde (504) on the outer peripheral face of being with, make the Bk toner image of second by primary transfer.Carry out with first same action thereafter.Be more than the copy mode that obtains four-color full-color look autotype, in the triple color copying pattern, the occasion of dual color copying pattern about the distribution of appointed color and number of times, can be carried out and above-mentioned same action.Occasion in the single-color copying pattern, until in the number interval of completing of regulation, the developing cell (230) of rotation is in the state that the developing machine of specified color is just done developing operation, makes under band cleaning balde (504) and state that intermediate transfer belt (501) contacts directly to carry out copying operation.

In addition, the optical sensor (514) of also can having purchased, it is configured in the position facing to intermediate transfer belt (501) surface.This optical sensor (514) is configured between primary transfer position (the subtend position of photosensitive drums 200 and primary transfer bias voltage roller 507) and secondary transfer printing position (positions of secondary transfer printing bias voltage roller 605 and secondary transfer printing subtend roller 510 subtends), by detecting the Sample Image of primary transfer, carry out adhesion amount and the detection of taking away line position.

In addition, also the electric roller of disappearing of contact (70) and ground connection roller (80) can be set at the back side of intermediate transfer belt (501).The electric roller (70) that disappears is the roller of electric conductivity, is used for eliminating the residual charge on intermediate transfer belt (501).Ground connection roller (80) is metallic roll, is used for making intermediate transfer belt (501) to be become zero by the current potential that the electric roller (70) that disappears disappears after electricity.Can make the residual electric potential of intermediate transfer belt (501) can not bring impact to following image forming course by them.

In the above-described embodiment, only have the duplicating machine of a photosensitive drums 200 to be described with regard to having purchased, go for but relate to image processing system of the present invention, for example, as shown in Figure 3, the image processing system that has a plurality of photosensitive drums to set up side by side along an intermediate transfer belt.

Fig. 3 shows the structure example of four drum type digital colored printers, four drum type digital colored printers possess be used to form four different colours (black, Huang, magenta, green grass or young crops) toner image, four photosensitive drums (21BK), (21Y), (21M), (21C).

In Fig. 3, the main body of printer (10) is by the coloured image that forms that is used for carrying out the electrofax mode,, the not shown exposure (12) that writes part from image, image forming portion (13), paper feeding part (14) consists of.First in image processing section, picture signal is carried out image and process, be transformed into black (BK) that form for image, pinkish red (M), yellow (Y), blue or green (C) versicolor signal, then signal is sent to image writes part (12).Image writes part (12), for example, by LASER Light Source, and the deflector of the polygonal mirror that rotates etc., scanned imagery optical system, and the laser scanning optical system of mirror group formation, have corresponding with above-mentioned shades of colour signal four and write light path, with correspondence the image of each chrominance signal be written as image-carrier (photosensitive drums) that every kind of color of image forming portion arranges (21BK), (21M), (21Y), (21C).

Image forming portion has been purchased conduct for black (BK), and pinkish red (M), yellow (Y), the photosensitive drums (21BK) of green grass or young crops (C) each image-carrier, (21M), (21Y), (21C).As being used for versicolor each photosensitive drums, usually adopt opc photosensitive drum.Each photosensitive drums (21BK), (21M), (21Y), configured charging device (21C), write the exposed portion of laser (12) irradiation of part from above-mentioned image, be used for black, pinkish red, Huang, blue or green versicolor developing apparatus (20BK), (20M), (20Y), (20C), as the primary transfer bias voltage roller (23BK) of primary transfer means, (23M), (23Y), (23C), cleaning device (show omit), and the not shown photosensitive drums discharge system that goes out etc.At above-mentioned developing apparatus (20BK), (20M), (20Y), (20C) in, adopted bi-component magnetic brush development mode.As with the intermediate transfer belt (22) of component part between each photosensitive drums (21BK), (21M), (21Y), (21C) with each primary transfer bias voltage roller (23BK), (23M), (23Y), (23C) between, the versicolor toner image that has formed on each photosensitive drums is overlapping being transferred successively.Intermediate transfer belt (22) be with driven roller (22) and is with the tensioning of driven voller (26) institute.

On the other hand, copy paper (P) by registration roller (16), is used as to carry on a shoulder pole with the transfer printing tapes (50) of component part and holds after paper feeding part (14) is sent.Then, on intermediate transfer belt (22) and position that transfer printing tapes (50) contacts, be transferred to the secondary transfer printing bias voltage roller (60) that toner image on above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt (22) is used as the secondary transfer printing means and carried out secondary transfer printing (gathering transfer printing).Thus, formed coloured image on copy paper (P).This copy paper (P) that is formed with coloured image is transferred tapes (50) and is delivered to fixing device (15), and the image that has been transferred, is discharged from outside printer main body by after photographic fixing by this fixing device (15).

In addition, be not transferred, remain in the remaining toner on above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt (22) during above-mentioned secondary transfer printing, utilize band cleaning device (25) to be eliminated from middle transfer belt (22).It is desirable to, in upstream side being provided with rotation direction of this band cleaning device (25) the electric hand section (27) that disappears, carry out the electricity that disappears of secondary transfer printing remaining toner.Simultaneously, be provided with metallic soap apparatus for coating (show and omit) in the downstream of this band cleaning device (25).This metallic soap apparatus for coating is by the metallic soap of solid forms, and by scraping, the metallic soap of solid forms is applied to the conduction brush that intermediate transfer belt (22) gets on and consists of.This conduction brush contacts with intermediate transfer belt (22) at ordinary times, the metallic soap of solid forms is applied to intermediate transfer belt (22) gets on.

The surface configuration optical sensor (28) that also can face toward in addition, intermediate transfer belt (22).This optical sensor (28) is configured between primary transfer position (the subtend position of photosensitive drums 21 and primary transfer bias voltage roller 23) and secondary transfer printing position (the antagonism position of secondary transfer printing bias voltage roller 60 and intermediate transfer belt 22), by the regulation Sample Image that has detected by primary transfer, carry out adhesion amount and walk the detection of line position.

The bias voltage roller (70) of contact also can be set at the back side of intermediate transfer belt (22) in addition.Bias voltage roller (70) is the roller of electric conductivity, applies bias voltage by giving intermediate transfer belt (22), can alleviate the burden of primary transfer bias voltage roller (23).

Above-mentioned endless belt, image processing system except the intermediate transfer mode that can be suitably be used for being equipped with intermediate transfer belt as described above (501) or (22), also can be applicable to not be equipped with this intermediate transfer belt (501) or (22), but be equipped with the image processing system of transfer printing tapes mode.And, even under the occasion of the image processing system that adopts transfer printing tapes mode, can be suitable for for the mode of an above-mentioned photosensitive drums or any of mode of four photosensitive drums.

The linear velocity of intermediate transfer belt is restriction not, but to be advisable more than 200 mm/second.When the linear velocity of intermediate transfer belt surpasses 450 mm/second, if do not adopt mode of the present invention, can produce the inhomogeneous of metallic soap coating.

[embodiment]

Below, enumerate embodiment the present invention is made specific description, but only otherwise break away from main points of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.

(XPS analysis condition)

XPS analysis has adopted AXIS/ULTRA, and Shimadzu/KRATOS carries out, x-ray source: Mono Al, analyzed area: 700X 300 μ m.

Zero embodiment 1

[making of intermediate transfer belt A]

At first, the various constituent materials shown in lower note are mixed, utilize

Zirconium oxide bead disperseed 5 hours in pearl mill dispersion machine, be made into the charcoal dispersion liquid.

＜dispersion liquid constituent material 〉

This A of-polyimide solution U-Giovanni (emerging product company of space section goods, solid composition 18 % by weight) 2 weight portions

-carbon black Special Black 4A (Degussa (Deg μ ssa) company's goods) 8 weight portions

-METHYLPYRROLIDONE (Mitsubishi Chemical Ind's goods) 90 weight portions

Utilize above-mentioned dispersion liquid, following constituent material is mixed, mix in centrifugal stirring Defoaming machine, froth breaking obtains coating fluid.

＜be used for the coating fluid constituent material of undercoat 〉

-above-mentioned carbon black dispersion liquid

50 weight portions

This A of-polyimide solution U-Giovanni (emerging product company of space section goods, solid composition 18 % by weight) 50 weight portions

-Siloxane-Oxyalkylene Copolymers FZ2105 (eastern beautiful DOW CORNING TORAY DowCorning company goods) 0.01 weight portion

The making of＜endless belt 〉

The external diameter that its inwall had been coated with release agent is 100 millimeters, length be the wound packages metal cylinder of 300 millimeters as mould, on one side with the speed of 50 rev/mins, metal cylinder is rotated, the inside that above-mentioned coating fluid is cast in equably metal cylinder on one side is coated with.Utilizing the sputter legal system to do on the inner face of tubular metal cylinder is highly 0.01 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 1 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 3000 μ m ²Coating weight becomes 70 μ m like that as the condition of liquid measure with final thickness.The regulation whole liquid measures watered, film do not have to sprawl blankly be in, go while rotate to put in hot air circular drying machine, be warming up to 100 ℃ with the programming rates of 3 ℃/minute, heated 30 minutes.Then, stop operating, it is put in the heating furnace (firing furnace) that can carry out pyroprocessing go, be warming up to 300 ℃ with the programming rates of 2 ℃/minute, heat treated (burning till) 60 minutes.After stopped heating, slowly be cooled to normal temperature.

By this method, having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 0.01 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 1 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 3000m ²Intermediate transfer belt A.

[making of metallic soap A]

Zinc stearate and zinc palmitate (primary particle diameter: 0.18 μ m) in following ratio weighing, be heated to 145 ℃ of meltings, with melting metallic soap water in mould, be made into the metal soap blank of 40mmx80mmx length 350mm after cooling (because being uses the method for melt molding to make, so the degree of compression is 100%).With bonding agent, this lubricated piece is attached to base material for metallic soap, obtains metallic soap A.According to the blending ratio of zinc stearate and zinc palmitate, calculate in metallic soap except protium the ratio D atom % of zinc element in whole elements.

＜metallic soap constituent material 〉

-zinc stearate 45 weight portions

-zinc palmitate 55 weight portions

＜evaluation method 〉

Measure the surface of intermediate transfer belt A with XPS, obtain the containing ratio A atom % of nitrogen element.Then, intermediate transfer belt A and metallic soap A are arranged on as shown in Figure 2 image processing system, at 23 ℃, form the image that 1000 image colors are 7% debugging version (test chart) under the environment of 45%RH.Copy paper adopts TYPE6200 (company of Ricoh goods).The linear velocity that image forms is 250mm/ second.Then, the surface with XPS measures intermediate transfer belt A obtains the containing ratio B atom % of nitrogen element and the containing ratio E atom % of zinc element.Calculate the exposure on intermediate transfer belt A surface according to the slip (B/A) * 100 (%) of nitrogen element containing ratio respectively, according to the ratio of the zinc element containing ratio in zinc element containing ratio and metallic soap in theory, calculate the ratio (1-C/D) * 100 (%) that intermediate transfer belt A surface is not covered by metallic soap.Simultaneously, the image of output is under these conditions estimated.

Secondly, during the no abnormality seen image, the linear velocity that forms image is increased to 450mm/ second, at 23 ℃ when above-mentioned evaluation, add up under the environment of 45%RH to form the image that 30000 image colors are 7% debugging version (test chart), every 5 evaluation map pictures once.

Zero embodiment 2

[making of intermediate transfer belt B]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt A that is put down in writing with embodiment 1 is same.Making on the inner face of mould is highly 0.02 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 1 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 3000 μ m ², having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 0.02 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 1 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 3000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt B.

The metallic soap A that employing embodiment 1 puts down in writing uses the same method and estimates intermediate transfer belt A except replacing with intermediate transfer belt B on evaluation method as metallic soap.

Zero embodiment 3

[making of intermediate transfer belt C]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt A that is put down in writing with embodiment 1 is same.Making on the inner face of mould is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 1 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 3000 μ m ², having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 1 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 3000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt C.

The metallic soap A that employing embodiment 1 puts down in writing uses the same method and estimates intermediate transfer belt A except replacing with intermediate transfer belt C on evaluation method as metallic soap.

Zero embodiment 4

[making of intermediate transfer belt D]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt A that is put down in writing with embodiment 1 is same.Making on the inner face of mould is highly 1 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 1 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 3000 μ m ², having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 1 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 1 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 3000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt D.

The metallic soap A that employing embodiment 1 puts down in writing uses the same method and estimates intermediate transfer belt A except replacing with intermediate transfer belt D on evaluation method as metallic soap.

Zero embodiment 5

[making of intermediate transfer belt E]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt A that is put down in writing with embodiment 1 is same.Making on the inner face of mould is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 0.5 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 3000 μ m ², having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 0.5 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 3000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt E.

The metallic soap A that employing embodiment 1 puts down in writing uses the same method and estimates intermediate transfer belt A except replacing with intermediate transfer belt E on evaluation method as metallic soap.

Zero embodiment 6

[making of intermediate transfer belt F]

The carbon black dispersion liquid of the intermediate transfer belt A that employing embodiment 1 puts down in writing mixes following constituent material, mixes in centrifugal stirring Defoaming machine, and froth breaking obtains coating fluid.

＜be used for the coating fluid constituent material of undercoat 〉

-above-mentioned carbon black dispersion liquid 45 weight portions

This A of-polyimide solution U-Giovanni (emerging product company of space section goods, solid composition 18 % by weight) 55 weight portions

-Siloxane-Oxyalkylene Copolymers FZ2105 (eastern beautiful DOW CORNING TORAY DowCorning company goods) 0.01 weight portion

The making of＜endless belt 〉

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make intermediate transfer belt F with the method that the intermediate transfer belt A that is put down in writing with embodiment 1 is same.Making the cellular degree of depth on the inner face of mould is 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 2 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 3000 μ m ², having obtained existing on the surface cellular height is 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 2 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 3000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt F.

＜evaluation method 〉

The metallic soap A that employing embodiment 1 puts down in writing uses the same method and estimates intermediate transfer belt A except replacing with intermediate transfer belt F on evaluation method as metallic soap.

Zero embodiment 7

[making of intermediate transfer belt G]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt F that is put down in writing with embodiment 6 is same.Making on the inner face of mould is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 5 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 3000 μ m ², having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 5 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 3000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt G.

The metallic soap A that employing embodiment 1 puts down in writing uses the same method and estimates intermediate transfer belt A except replacing with intermediate transfer belt G on evaluation method as metallic soap.

Zero embodiment 8

[making of intermediate transfer belt H]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt F that is put down in writing with embodiment 6 is same.Making on the inner face of mould is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 1 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 1000 μ m ², having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 1 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 1000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt H.

The metallic soap A that employing embodiment 1 puts down in writing uses the same method and estimates intermediate transfer belt A except replacing with intermediate transfer belt H on evaluation method as metallic soap.

Zero embodiment 9

[making of intermediate transfer belt I]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt F that is put down in writing with embodiment 6 is same.Making on the inner face of mould is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 1 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 15000 μ m ², having obtained surperficial existence is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 1 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 15000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt I.

The metallic soap A that employing embodiment 1 puts down in writing uses the same method and estimates intermediate transfer belt A except replacing with intermediate transfer belt I on evaluation method as metallic soap.

Zero embodiment 10

[making of intermediate transfer belt J]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt F that is put down in writing with embodiment 6 is same.Making on the inner face of mould is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 1 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 30000 μ m ², having obtained surperficial existence is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 1 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 30000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt J.

The metallic soap A that employing embodiment 1 puts down in writing uses the same method and estimates intermediate transfer belt A except replacing with intermediate transfer belt J on evaluation method as metallic soap.

Zero embodiment 11

The intermediate transfer belt C that employing embodiment 3 puts down in writing is as intermediate transfer belt.

[making of metallic soap B]

Except the ratio of zinc stearate and zinc palmitate, the same making of metallic soap A of putting down in writing with embodiment 1.According to the zinc stearate shown in following and the ratio of zinc palmitate, obtain metallic soap B.According to the blending ratio of zinc stearate and zinc palmitate, calculate in metallic soap except protium the ratio D atom % of the zinc element in whole elements.

Except replacing intermediate transfer belt A with intermediate transfer belt C, replace using the same method and estimating outside metallic soap A with metallic soap B on evaluation method.

＜metallic soap constituent material 〉

-zinc stearate 72.5 weight portions

-zinc palmitate 27.5 weight portions

Zero embodiment 12

The intermediate transfer belt C that employing embodiment 3 puts down in writing is as intermediate transfer belt.

[making of lubricant C]

Except the ratio of zinc stearate and zinc palmitate, the same making of metallic soap A of putting down in writing with embodiment 1.According to the zinc stearate shown in following and the ratio of zinc palmitate, obtain lubricant C.According to the blending ratio of zinc stearate and zinc palmitate, calculate in metallic soap except protium the ratio D atom % of zinc element in whole elements.

Except replacing intermediate transfer belt A with intermediate transfer belt C, replace using the same method and estimating outside metallic soap A with metallic soap C on evaluation method.

＜metallic soap constituent material 〉

-zinc stearate 70 weight portions

-zinc palmitate 30 weight portions

Zero embodiment 13

The intermediate transfer belt C that employing embodiment 3 puts down in writing is as intermediate transfer belt.

[making of lubricant D]

Except the ratio of zinc stearate and zinc palmitate, the same making of metallic soap A of putting down in writing with embodiment 1.According to the zinc stearate shown in following and the ratio of zinc palmitate, obtain lubricant D.According to the blending ratio of zinc stearate and zinc palmitate, calculate in metallic soap except protium the ratio D atom % of zinc element in whole elements.

Except replacing intermediate transfer belt A with intermediate transfer belt C, replace using the same method and estimating outside metallic soap A with metallic soap D on evaluation method.

＜metallic soap constituent material 〉

-zinc stearate 40 weight portions

-zinc palmitate 60 weight portions

Zero embodiment 14

[making of intermediate transfer belt K]

At first, the various constituent materials shown in lower note are mixed, utilize

Zirconium oxide bead disperseed 5 hours in pearl mill dispersion machine, be made into the charcoal dispersion liquid.

＜dispersion liquid constituent material 〉

This A of-polyimide solution U-Giovanni (emerging product company of space section goods, solid composition 18 % by weight) 4 weight portions

-carbon black Special Black 4A (Degussa (Deg μ ssa) company's goods) 8 weight portions

-METHYLPYRROLIDONE (Mitsubishi Chemical Ind's goods) 8 weight portions

Utilize above-mentioned dispersion liquid, following constituent material is mixed, mix in centrifugal stirring Defoaming machine, froth breaking obtains coating fluid.

＜be used for the coating fluid constituent material of undercoat 〉

-above-mentioned carbon black dispersion liquid 45 weight portions

This A of-polyimide solution U-Giovanni (emerging product company of space section goods, solid composition 18 % by weight) 55 weight portions

-Siloxane-Oxyalkylene Copolymers FZ2105 (eastern beautiful DOW CORNING TORAY DowCorning company goods) 0.01 weight portion

The making of＜endless belt 〉

The external diameter that its inwall had been coated with release agent is 100 millimeters, length be the wound packages metal cylinder of 300 millimeters as mould, on one side with the speed of 50 rev/mins, metal cylinder is rotated, the inside that above-mentioned coating fluid is cast in equably metal cylinder on one side is coated with.Utilizing the sputter legal system to do on the inner face of tubular metal cylinder is highly 0.01 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 1 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 3000 μ m ²Coating weight becomes 70 μ m like that as the condition of liquid measure with final thickness.The regulation whole liquid measures watered, film do not have to sprawl blankly be in, go while rotate to put in hot air circular drying machine, be warming up to 100 ℃ with the programming rates of 3 ℃/minute, heated 30 minutes.Then, stop operating, it is put in the heating furnace (firing furnace) that can carry out pyroprocessing go, be warming up to 300 ℃ with the programming rates of 2 ℃/minute, heat treated (burning till) 60 minutes.After stopped heating, slowly be cooled to normal temperature.

By this method, having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 0.01 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 1 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 3000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt K.

＜evaluation method 〉

Measure the surface of intermediate transfer belt K with XPS, obtain the containing ratio E atom % of nitrogen element.Then, the metallic soap A that intermediate transfer belt K and embodiment 1 are put down in writing is arranged on as shown in Figure 2 image processing system, do not supply with toner and copy paper, as the intermediate transfer system that is used for electrofax, be made into the intermediate transfer belt K that was coated with 5 minutes like this.In addition, the power of 20g f/cm imposes on metallic soap by brush, brush is rotated make metallic soap become fine powder to offer intermediate transfer belt K, is sprawled to come by scraper plate to be coated with.

Then, the intermediate transfer belt K that has been coated with metallic soap is taken out, measure the surface of intermediate transfer belt K with XPS, obtain the containing ratio F atom % of nitrogen element.Calculate the exposure (F/E) * 100 (%) on intermediate transfer belt K surface from the slip of nitrogen element containing ratio.

Subsequently, then intermediate transfer belt K is formed the image processing system (Fig. 2) of the routine supplied with toner and copy paper, at 23 ℃, forming 1000 image colors under the environment of 45%RH is the image of 7% debugging version.Copy paper adopts TYPE6200 (company of Ricoh goods).The linear velocity that image forms is 250mm/ second.Simultaneously, each image of output is under these conditions estimated.

Then, during the no abnormality seen image, the linear velocity that forms image is increased to 450mm/ second when above-mentioned evaluation, at 23 ℃, adds up under the environment of 45%RH to form the image that 30000 image colors are 7% debugging version, every 5 each images of estimating output once.

Zero embodiment 15

[making of intermediate transfer belt L]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt K that is put down in writing with embodiment 14 is same.Making on the inner face of mould is highly 0.02 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 1 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 3000 μ m ², having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 0.02 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 1 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 3000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt L.

Adopt metallic soap A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing as metallic soap, except replace intermediate transfer belt K that embodiment 14 puts down in writing with intermediate transfer belt L, use the same method and estimate on evaluation method.

Zero embodiment 16

[making of intermediate transfer belt M]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt K that is put down in writing with embodiment 14 is same.Making on the inner face of mould is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 1 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 3000 μ m ², having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 1 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 3000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt M.

Adopt metallic soap A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing as metallic soap, except replace intermediate transfer belt K that embodiment 14 puts down in writing with intermediate transfer belt M, use the same method and estimate on evaluation method.

Zero embodiment 17

[making of intermediate transfer belt N]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt K that is put down in writing with embodiment 14 is same.Making on the inner face of mould is highly 1 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 1 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 3000 μ m ², having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 1 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 1 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 3000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt N.

Adopt metallic soap A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing as metallic soap, except replace intermediate transfer belt K that embodiment 14 puts down in writing with intermediate transfer belt N, use the same method and estimate on evaluation method.

Zero embodiment 17

[making of intermediate transfer belt O]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt K that is put down in writing with embodiment 14 is same.Making on the inner face of mould is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 0.5 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 3000 μ m ², having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 0.5 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 3000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt N.

The metallic soap A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing is as metallic soap, except replace intermediate transfer belt K that embodiment 14 puts down in writing with intermediate transfer belt O, uses the same method and estimates on evaluation method.

Zero embodiment 19

[making of intermediate transfer belt P]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt K that is put down in writing with embodiment 14 is same.Making on the inner face of mould is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 2 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 3000 μ m ², having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 2 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 3000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt P.

Adopt metallic soap A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing as metallic soap, except replace intermediate transfer belt K that embodiment 14 puts down in writing with intermediate transfer belt P, use the same method and estimate on evaluation method.

Zero embodiment 20

[making of intermediate transfer belt Q]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt K that is put down in writing with embodiment 14 is same.Making on the inner face of mould is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 5 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 3000 μ m ², having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 5 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 3000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt Q.

Adopt metallic soap A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing as metallic soap, except replace intermediate transfer belt K that embodiment 14 puts down in writing with intermediate transfer belt Q, use the same method and estimate on evaluation method.

Zero embodiment 21

[making of intermediate transfer belt R]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt K that is put down in writing with embodiment 14 is same.Making on the inner face of mould is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 1 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 1000 μ m ², having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 1 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 1000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt R.

Adopt metallic soap A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing as metallic soap, except replace intermediate transfer belt K that embodiment 14 puts down in writing with intermediate transfer belt R, use the same method and estimate on evaluation method.

Zero embodiment 22

[making of intermediate transfer belt S]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt K that is put down in writing with embodiment 14 is same.Making on the inner face of mould is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 1 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 15000 μ m ², having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 1 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 15000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt S.

Adopt metallic soap A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing as metallic soap, except replace intermediate transfer belt K that embodiment 14 puts down in writing with intermediate transfer belt S, use the same method and estimate on evaluation method.

Zero embodiment 23

[making of intermediate transfer belt T]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt K that is put down in writing with embodiment 14 is same.Making on the inner face of mould is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 1 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 30000 μ m ², having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 1 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 30000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt T.

Adopt metallic soap A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing as metallic soap, except replace intermediate transfer belt K that embodiment 14 puts down in writing with intermediate transfer belt T, use the same method and estimate on evaluation method.

Zero embodiment 24

Adopted intermediate transfer belt M that embodiment 16 puts down in writing as intermediate transfer belt.

＜evaluation method 〉

Metallic soap 14 except the metallic soap B that puts down in writing with embodiment 11 replaces embodiment 14 to put down in writing replaces using the same method and estimating outside intermediate transfer belt K with intermediate transfer belt M.

Zero embodiment 25

Adopted intermediate transfer belt M that embodiment 16 puts down in writing as intermediate transfer belt.

＜evaluation method 〉

Metallic soap A except the metallic soap C that puts down in writing with embodiment 12 replaces embodiment 14 to put down in writing replaces using the same method and estimating outside intermediate transfer belt K with intermediate transfer belt M.

Zero embodiment 26

Adopted intermediate transfer belt M that embodiment 16 puts down in writing as intermediate transfer belt.

＜evaluation method 〉

Metallic soap 14 except the metallic soap D that puts down in writing with embodiment 13 replaces embodiment 14 to put down in writing replaces using the same method and estimating outside intermediate transfer belt K with intermediate transfer belt M.

Zero embodiment 27

Image processing system in the evaluation method that embodiment 16 is put down in writing (Fig. 2) changes into image processing system (Fig. 3), uses the same method and carries out.

Zero embodiment 28

Image processing system in the evaluation method that embodiment 24 is put down in writing (Fig. 2) changes into image processing system (Fig. 3), uses the same method and carries out.

Zero embodiment 29

[making of intermediate transfer belt U]

At first, the various constituent materials shown in lower note are mixed, utilize

Zirconium oxide bead disperseed 5 hours in pearl mill dispersion machine, be made into the charcoal dispersion liquid.

＜dispersion liquid constituent material 〉

This A of-polyimide solution U-Giovanni (emerging product company of space section goods, solid composition 18 % by weight) 4 weight portions

-carbon black Special Black 4A (Degussa (Deg μ ssa) company's goods) 8 weight portions

-METHYLPYRROLIDONE (Mitsubishi Chemical Ind's goods) 88 weight portions

Utilize above-mentioned dispersion liquid, following constituent material is mixed, mix in centrifugal stirring Defoaming machine, froth breaking obtains coating fluid.

＜be used for the coating fluid constituent material of undercoat 〉

-above-mentioned carbon black dispersion liquid 50 weight portions

This A of-polyimide solution U-Giovanni (emerging product company of space section goods, solid composition 18 % by weight) 50 weight portions

-Siloxane-Oxyalkylene Copolymers FZ2105 (TORAY Dow Corning company goods) 0.01 weight portion

The making of＜endless belt 〉

The external diameter that its inwall had been coated with release agent is 100 millimeters, length be the wound packages metal cylinder of 300 millimeters as mould, on one side with the speed of 50 rev/mins, metal cylinder is rotated, the inside that above-mentioned coating fluid is cast in equably metal cylinder on one side is coated with.Utilizing the sputter legal system to do on the inner face of tubular metal cylinder is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 1 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 3000 μ m ²Coating weight becomes 70 μ m like that as the condition of liquid measure with final thickness.The regulation whole liquid measures watered, film do not have to sprawl blankly be in, go while rotate to put in hot air circular drying machine, be warming up to 100 ℃ with the programming rates of 3 ℃/minute, heated 30 minutes.Then, stop operating, it is put in the heating furnace (firing furnace) that can carry out pyroprocessing go, be warming up to 310 ℃ with the programming rates of 2 ℃/minute, heat treated (burning till) 60 minutes.After stopped heating, slowly be cooled to normal temperature.

By this method, having obtained existing on two surfaces is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 1 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 3000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt U.

＜evaluation method 〉

Measure the surface of an intermediate transfer belt U with XPS, obtain the containing ratio E atom % of nitrogen element.Then, the metallic soap A that intermediate transfer belt U and embodiment 1 are put down in writing is arranged on as shown in Figure 2 image processing system, do not supply with toner and copy paper, as the intermediate transfer system that is used for electrofax, be made into the intermediate transfer belt U that was coated with 5 minutes like this.In addition, the power of 20g f/cm imposes on metallic soap by brush, brush is rotated make metallic soap become fine powder to offer intermediate transfer belt U, is sprawled to come by scraper plate to be coated with.

Then, the intermediate transfer belt U that has been coated with metallic soap is taken out, measure the surface of intermediate transfer belt U with XPS, obtain the containing ratio F atom % of nitrogen element.Calculate the exposure (F/E) * 100 (%) on intermediate transfer belt U surface from the slip of nitrogen element containing ratio.

Then, measure the surface of an other intermediate transfer belt U with XPS, obtain the containing ratio A atom % of nitrogen element.Then, intermediate transfer belt U and metallic soap A are arranged on as shown in Figure 2 image processing system, at 23 ℃, forming 1000 image colors under the environment of 45%RH is the image of 7% debugging version.Copy paper adopts TYPE6200 (company of Ricoh goods).The linear velocity that image forms is 250mm/ second.Then, the surface with XPS measures intermediate transfer belt U obtains the containing ratio B atom % of nitrogen element and the containing ratio E atom % of zinc element.Calculate the exposure on intermediate transfer belt U surface according to the slip (B/A) * 100 (%) of nitrogen element containing ratio respectively, according to the zinc element containing ratio in zinc element containing ratio and metallic soap in theory it, calculate the ratio (1-C/D) * 100 (%) that intermediate transfer belt U surface is not covered by metallic soap.Simultaneously, the image of output is under these conditions estimated.

Then, when above-mentioned evaluation no abnormality seen image, the linear velocity that forms image is increased to 450mm/ second, at 23 ℃, adds up under the environment of 45%RH to form the image that 30000 image colors are 7% debugging version, every 5 evaluation map pictures once.

Zero embodiment 30

Use the intermediate transfer belt U of two embodiment 29 records, used the metallic soap B of embodiment 11 records.Image processing system in the evaluation method that embodiment 29 is put down in writing (Fig. 2) changes into image processing system (Fig. 3), uses the same method and estimates.

Zero embodiment 31

Use the intermediate transfer belt U of two embodiment 29 records, used the metallic soap A of embodiment 1 record.

＜evaluation method 〉

Measure the surface of an intermediate transfer belt U with XPS, obtain the containing ratio E atom % of nitrogen element.Then, the metallic soap A that intermediate transfer belt U and embodiment 1 are put down in writing is arranged on the uniset image processing system of transformed imagio NP C6000 (company of Ricoh goods), do not supply with toner and copy paper, as the intermediate transfer system that is used for electrofax, be made into the intermediate transfer belt U that was coated with 5 minutes like this.In addition, the power of 20g f/cm imposes on metallic soap by brush, brush is rotated make metallic soap become fine powder to offer intermediate transfer belt U, sprawls to come by scraper plate to be coated with.

Then, the intermediate transfer belt U that has been coated with metallic soap is taken out, measure the surface of intermediate transfer belt U with XPS, obtain the containing ratio F atom % of nitrogen element.Calculate the exposure (F/E) * 100 (%) on intermediate transfer belt U surface from the slip of nitrogen element containing ratio.

Then, measure the surface of an other intermediate transfer belt U with XPS, obtain the containing ratio A atom % of nitrogen element.Then, intermediate transfer belt U and metallic soap A are arranged on the uniset image processing system of transformed imagio NP C 6000 (company of Ricoh goods), at 23 ℃, 1000 images that image color is 7% debugging version have been formed under the environment of 45%RH.Copy paper adopts TYPE6200 (company of Ricoh goods).The linear velocity that image forms is 250mm/ second.Then, the surface with XPS measures intermediate transfer belt U obtains the containing ratio B atom % of nitrogen element and the containing ratio E atom % of zinc element.Calculate the exposure on intermediate transfer belt U surface according to the slip (B/A) * 100 (%) of nitrogen element containing ratio respectively, calculate according to the ratio of the zinc element containing ratio in zinc element containing ratio and metallic soap in theory the ratio (1-C/D) * 100 (%) that intermediate transfer belt U surface is not covered by metallic soap.Simultaneously, the image of output is under these conditions estimated.

Then, when above-mentioned evaluation no abnormality seen image, the linear velocity that forms image is increased to 450mm/ second, at 23 ℃, adds up under the environment of 45%RH to form the image that 3000000 image colors are 7% debugging version, every 5 evaluation map pictures once.

Zero comparative example 1

[making of intermediate transfer belt V]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt A that is put down in writing with embodiment 1 is same.Making on the inner face of mould is highly 0.005 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 1 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 3000 μ m ², having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 0.005 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 1 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 3000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt V.

Adopt metallic soap A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing as metallic soap, except replace intermediate transfer belt A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing with intermediate transfer belt V, use the same method and estimate on evaluation method.

Zero comparative example 2

[making of intermediate transfer belt W]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt A that is put down in writing with embodiment 1 is same.Making on the medial surface of mould is highly 1.5 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 1 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 3000 μ m ², having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 1.5 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 1 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 3000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt V.

Adopt metallic soap A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing as metallic soap, except replace intermediate transfer belt A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing with intermediate transfer belt W, use the same method and estimate on evaluation method.

Zero comparative example 3

[making of intermediate transfer belt X]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt A that is put down in writing with embodiment 1 is same.Making on the medial surface of mould is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 0.4 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 3000 μ m ², having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 0.4 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 3000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt X.

Adopt metallic soap A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing as metallic soap, except replace intermediate transfer belt A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing with intermediate transfer belt X, use the same method and estimate on evaluation method.

Zero comparative example 4

[making of intermediate transfer belt Y]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt A that is put down in writing with embodiment 1 is same.Making on the medial surface of mould is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 6 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 3000 μ m ², having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 6 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 3000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt Y.

Adopt metallic soap A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing as metallic soap, except replace intermediate transfer belt A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing with intermediate transfer belt Y, use the same method and estimate on evaluation method.

Zero comparative example 5

[making of intermediate transfer belt Z]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt A that is put down in writing with embodiment 1 is same.Making on the medial surface of mould is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 1 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 900 μ m ², having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 1 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 900 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt Z.

Adopt metallic soap A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing as metallic soap, except replace intermediate transfer belt A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing with intermediate transfer belt Z, use the same method and estimate on evaluation method.

Zero comparative example 6

[making of intermediate transfer belt AA]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt A that is put down in writing with embodiment 1 is same.Making on the medial surface of mould is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 1 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 35000 μ m ², having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 1 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 35000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt AA.

Adopt metallic soap A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing as metallic soap, except replace intermediate transfer belt A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing with intermediate transfer belt AA, use the same method and estimate on evaluation method.

Zero comparative example 7

Adopted intermediate transfer belt C that embodiment 3 puts down in writing as intermediate transfer belt.

[making of metallic soap E]

With zinc stearate (primary particle diameter: 0.18 μ m) be heated to 145 ℃ of meltings, with melting metallic soap water in mould, be made into the metal soap blank of 40mmx80mm x length 350mm after cooling (because being uses the method for melt molding to make, so the degree of compression is 100%).With bonding agent, this lubricated piece is attached to base material for metallic soap, obtains metallic soap E.Calculate in zinc stearate except protium the ratio D atom % of zinc element in whole elements.

Except the intermediate transfer belt A that replaces embodiment 1 to put down in writing with intermediate transfer belt C, replace metallic soap A with metallic soap E, outside, use the same method and estimate.

Zero comparative example 8

[making of intermediate transfer belt AB]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt K that is put down in writing with embodiment 14 is same.Making on the medial surface of mould is highly 0.005 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 1 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 3000 μ m ², having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 0.005 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 1 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 3000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt AB.

Adopt metallic soap A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing as metallic soap, except replace intermediate transfer belt K that embodiment 14 puts down in writing with intermediate transfer belt AB, use the same method and estimate on evaluation method.

Zero comparative example 9

[making of intermediate transfer belt AC]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt K that is put down in writing with embodiment 14 is same.Making on the inner face of mould is highly 1.5 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 1 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 3000 μ m ², having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 1.5 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 1 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 3000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt AC.

Adopt metallic soap A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing as metallic soap, except replace intermediate transfer belt K that embodiment 14 puts down in writing with intermediate transfer belt AC, use the same method and estimate on evaluation method.

Zero comparative example 10

[making of intermediate transfer belt AD]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt K that is put down in writing with embodiment 14 is same.Making on the medial surface of mould is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 0.4 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 3000 μ m ², having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 0.4 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 3000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt AD.

Adopt metallic soap A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing as metallic soap, except replace intermediate transfer belt K that embodiment 14 puts down in writing with intermediate transfer belt AD, use the same method and estimate on evaluation method.

Zero comparative example 11

[making of intermediate transfer belt AE]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt K that is put down in writing with embodiment 14 is same.Making on the inner face of mould is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 6 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 3000 μ m ², having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 6 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 3000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt AE.

Adopt metallic soap A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing as metallic soap, except replace intermediate transfer belt K that embodiment 14 puts down in writing with intermediate transfer belt AE, use the same method and estimate on evaluation method.

Zero comparative example 12

[making of intermediate transfer belt AF]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt K that is put down in writing with embodiment 14 is same.Making on the inner face of mould is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 1 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 900 μ m ², having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 1 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 900 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt AF.

Adopt metallic soap A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing as metallic soap, except replace intermediate transfer belt K that embodiment 14 puts down in writing with intermediate transfer belt AF, use the same method and estimate on evaluation method.

Zero comparative example 13

[making of intermediate transfer belt AG]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt K that is put down in writing with embodiment 14 is same.Making on the inner face of mould is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 1 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 35000 μ m ², having obtained surperficial upper existence is highly 0.1 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 1 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 35000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt AG.

Adopt metallic soap A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing as metallic soap, except replace intermediate transfer belt K that embodiment 14 puts down in writing with intermediate transfer belt AG, use the same method and estimate on evaluation method.

Zero comparative example 14

Except the intermediate transfer belt K that the intermediate transfer belt M that puts down in writing with embodiment 16 replaces embodiment 14 to put down in writing, the metallic soap E that puts down in writing with comparative example 7 replaces metallic soap A, outside, use the same method and estimate.

Zero comparative example 15

Image processing system in the evaluation method that comparative example 8 is put down in writing (Fig. 2) changes into image processing system (Fig. 3), uses the same method and estimates.

Zero comparative example 16

Image processing system in the evaluation method that comparative example 14 is put down in writing (Fig. 2) changes into image processing system (Fig. 3), uses the same method and estimates.

Zero comparative example 17

[making of intermediate transfer belt AH]

Except the shape of surperficial upper convex portion, make with the method that the intermediate transfer belt U that is put down in writing with embodiment 29 is same.Making on the inner face of mould is highly 0.005 μ m, and width is the wire recess of 1 μ m, and the rea adjusting that will be surrounded by above-mentioned recess is to 3000 μ m ², having obtained existing on two surfaces is highly 0.005 μ m, and width is the wire protuberance of 1 μ m, and the area that is surrounded by raised part is 3000 μ m ²Intermediate transfer belt AH.

Adopt metallic soap A that embodiment 1 puts down in writing as metallic soap, except replace intermediate transfer belt U that embodiment 29 puts down in writing with intermediate transfer belt AH, use the same method and estimate on evaluation method.

Zero comparative example 18

The metallic soap A that replaces embodiment 29 to put down in writing except the metallic soap E with comparative example 7 records on evaluation method changes image processing system (Fig. 2) outside image processing system (Fig. 3) into, uses the same method and estimates.

Above-described embodiment 1～13, the evaluation result of comparative example 1～7 is as shown in table 1, above-described embodiment 14～28, the evaluation result of comparative example 8～16 is as shown in table 2, above-described embodiment 29～30, the evaluation result of comparative example 17～18 is as shown in table 3.

In table to the output image standard of evaluation be: ◎ represents whole no abnormality seen images, can access high-quality image.The linear velocity that zero expression forms image does not have abnormal image to occur when being 250 mm/second, when linear velocity is brought up to 450 mm/second, although still in allowing unit, but when observing with magnifier, find to exist the site that the place of slippage is slightly arranged.X represents to have exceeded permissible range, has seen abnormal image.

The evaluation result of embodiment 31 is respectively, A (atom %)=5.40, B (atom %)=0.06, C (atom %)=2.52, D (atom %)=2.58, (B/A) * 100 (%)=1.2, (1-C/D) * 100 (%)=2.3, (1-C/D)-(B/A) (%)=1.1, (F/E) * 100 (%)=0.9, the result of output image is ◎.

[table 1]

[table 2]

[table 3]

according to above-mentioned result as can be known, forming 1000 images intermediate transfer belt exposure (B/A) * 100 (%) afterwards is below 30%, preferred below 20%, be more preferably below 10%, the non-existent ratio of intermediate transfer belt surface metal soap (1-C/D) * 100 (%) is below 30%, preferred below 20%, be more preferably below 10%, difference as these two numerical value is below 10%, preferred below 5%, be more preferably 3% when following, metallic soap is coated with on the intermediate transfer belt surface in right amount equably, there is no film forming matter, do not have abnormal image to occur yet, can obtain high-quality full-color image.

Also understand in addition, under toner and the non-existent state of copy paper, being coated with 5 minutes intermediate transfer belt surface exposure afterwards of metallic soap is below 30%, preferred below 20%, be more preferably 10% when following, metallic soap is coated with on the intermediate transfer belt surface in right amount equably, there is no film forming matter, do not have abnormal image to occur yet, can obtain high-quality full-color image.

can understand again, employing is under toner and the non-existent state of copy paper, being coated with 5 minutes intermediate transfer belt surface exposure afterwards of metallic soap is below 30%, preferred below 20%, be more preferably the intermediate transfer method that is used for electrofax below 10%, forming 1000 images intermediate transfer belt exposure (B/A) * 100 (%) afterwards is below 30%, preferred below 20%, be more preferably below 10%, the non-existent ratio of intermediate transfer belt surface metal soap (1-C/D) * 100 (%) is below 30%, preferred below 20%, be more preferably below 10%, and the difference of these two numerical value is below 10%, preferred below 5%, be more preferably 3% when following, metallic soap is coated with on the intermediate transfer belt surface in right amount equably, there is no film forming matter, do not have abnormal image to occur yet, can obtain high-quality full-color image.

Can understand, for realizing this mode, be preferably, be more than 0.01 μ m below 1 μ m at the height of the protuberance that has wire on the intermediate transfer belt surface, width is below the above 5 μ m of 0.5 μ m, be highly better below the above 0.1 μ m of 0.02 μ m, width is that below the above 2 μ m of 1 μ m, the area that is surrounded by raised part is 1000 μ m ²Above 30000 μ m ²Below, be better 3000 μ m ²Above 15000 μ m ²Below, simultaneously, metallic soap is the potpourri of zinc stearate and zinc palmitate, more than being more preferably blending ratio and being following 45: 55 weight ratios of 73: 27 weight ratios.

According to the present invention, can provide electric property stable, the antifriction consumption can be outstanding, without image come off or density unevenness even, the even such abnormal image of irregular colour, the intermediate transfer method of the long-life used for full color electronic photographing of the high-quality full-color image of formation, and the image forming method that has adopted the electrofax mode of the method, and, the image processing system that is used for the intermediate transfer system of electrofax and has adopted the electrofax mode of this system is provided.

The above is with reference to the accompanying drawings of example of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned example.Can do all changes in the technology of the present invention thought range, they all belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1. image processing system, adopt the intermediate transfer belt of the electrophotography of surperficial Nitrogen element, form image while the intermediate transfer belt of using the described electrophotography of metallic soap coating that contains zinc, it is characterized in that, (B/A) * 100% that is calculated by the nitrogen element containing ratio A (atom %) that the above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt surface before forming at image is recorded with XPS and the nitrogen element containing ratio B (atom %) that the above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt surface that forms after 1000 images recorded with XPS, with by zinc element in the zinc element containing ratio C (atom %) that the above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt surface that forms after 1000 images is recorded with XPS and metallic soap outside dehydrogenation all the difference of (1-C/D) * 100% of calculating of the ratio D (atom %) in elements below 10%, wherein above-mentioned metallic soap is zinc stearate, any in the potpourri of zinc palmitate and zinc stearate and zinc palmitate, exist on the surface of above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt is highly below the above 1 μ m of 0.01 μ m, width is the following wire protuberances of the above 5 μ m of 0.5 μ m.

2. image processing system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described (B/A) * 100% and (1-C/D) * 100% is below 30%.

3. image processing system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described zinc-containing metal soap is the potpourri of zinc stearate and zinc palmitate.

4. image processing system as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, the blending ratio of described zinc stearate and zinc palmitate is 45: 55～73: 27 weight ratios.

5. image processing system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the image forming area on described intermediate transfer belt is surrounded by the protuberance of wire, is divided into a plurality of zonules, and each area of this divided zonule is 1000 μ m ²Above 30000 μ m ²Below.

6. image processing system has adopted the intermediate transfer method that is used for electrofax, and described intermediate transfer method has adopted intermediate transfer that the electrophotography of nitrogen element is contained on the surface to bring to carry out intermediate transfer, it is characterized in that:

described intermediate transfer method for electrofax comprises metallic soap is coated on metallic soap painting process on the intermediate transfer belt of above-mentioned electrophotography, described metallic soap painting process is characterised in that, by with XPS to the nitrogen element containing ratio E (atom %) that records at the above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt surface of coating before above-mentioned metallic soap and, it is below 30% that the nitrogen element containing ratio F (atom %) that above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt surface after coating above-mentioned metallic soap 5 minutes under toner and the non-existent state of paper is recorded with XPS calculates the exposure (F/E) of intermediate transfer belt * 100%, wherein above-mentioned metallic soap is zinc stearate, any in the potpourri of zinc palmitate and zinc stearate and zinc palmitate, exist on the surface of above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt is highly below the above 1 μ m of 0.01 μ m, width is the following wire protuberances of the above 5 μ m of 0.5 μ m.

7. the image processing system that is used for the intermediate transfer method of electrofax that adopted as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, described metallic soap is the potpourri of zinc stearate and zinc palmitate.

8. the image processing system that has adopted the intermediate transfer method that is used for electrofax as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, the blending ratio of described zinc stearate and zinc palmitate is that weight ratio is below 73: 27 more than 45: 55.

9. the image processing system that has adopted the intermediate transfer method that is used for electrofax as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, image forming area on described intermediate transfer belt is surrounded by the protuberance of wire, be divided into a plurality of zonules, and each area of this divided zonule is 1000 μ m ²Above 30000 μ m ²Below.

10. an image processing system, adopted the intermediate transfer belt of the electrophotography of surperficial Nitrogen element, while use the metallic soap coating that contains zinc to form image, it is characterized in that:

The intermediate transfer method that described image processing system adopts electrofax to use, described intermediate transfer method comprise metallic soap be coated on metallic soap painting process on the intermediate transfer belt of above-mentioned electrophotography,

Described metallic soap painting process is characterised in that, by with XPS to the nitrogen element containing ratio E (atom %) that records at the above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt surface of coating before above-mentioned metallic soap and, with XPS to toner and the non-existent state of paper under the nitrogen element containing ratio F (atom %) that records of above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt surface after coating above-mentioned metallic soap 5 minutes to calculate the exposure (F/E) of intermediate transfer belt * 100% be below 30%

By the nitrogen element containing ratio A (atom %) that the above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt surface before forming at image is recorded with XPS and (B/A) * 100% of calculating with the nitrogen element containing ratio B (atom %) that XPS records the above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt surface that forms after 1000 images, with zinc element in zinc element containing ratio C (atom %) by with XPS, the above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt surface that forms after 1000 images being recorded and metallic soap outside dehydrogenation all the difference of (1-C/D) * 100% of calculating of the ratio D (atom %) in elements below 10%

Wherein above-mentioned metallic soap is any in the potpourri of zinc stearate, zinc palmitate and zinc stearate and zinc palmitate, existing on the surface of above-mentioned intermediate transfer belt is highly below the above 1 μ m of 0.01 μ m, and width is the following wire protuberances of the above 5 μ m of 0.5 μ m.

11. image processing system as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, described (B/A) * 100% and (1-C/D) * 100% is below 30%.

12. image processing system as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, described zinc-containing metal soap is the potpourri of zinc stearate and zinc palmitate.

13. image processing system as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, the blending ratio of described zinc stearate and zinc palmitate is 45: 55～73: 27 weight ratios.

14. image processing system as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, the image forming area on described intermediate transfer belt is surrounded by the protuberance of wire, is divided into a plurality of zonules, and each area of this divided zonule is 1000 μ m ²Above 30000 μ m ²Below.

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