CN102003721B - Purification method for straw gasified gas and equipment thereof - Google Patents
Purification method for straw gasified gas and equipment thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102003721B CN102003721B CN200910187264A CN200910187264A CN102003721B CN 102003721 B CN102003721 B CN 102003721B CN 200910187264 A CN200910187264 A CN 200910187264A CN 200910187264 A CN200910187264 A CN 200910187264A CN 102003721 B CN102003721 B CN 102003721B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a purification method for straw gasified gas and equipment thereof. Equipment for separating, recycling and converting tar-containing wastewater is designed and installed on a gas producer and a purification device of the current gasifier; the equipment separates most of tar from water in crude gas firstly; and the separated tar-containing wastewater is not discharged but fully converted into combustible gas to be sufficiently combusted in a cooking stove. In the invention, a tar-containing wastewater converting device and a three-dimensional oxygen supply device are installed on the cooking stove; a small amount of tar-containing wastewater which is not separated after the gas passes through the purification device is fully converted into the combustible gas by the tar-containing wastewater converting device, and the combustible gas is delivered with other gas into a combustion chamber and combusted in three-dimensional oxygen supply environment, thus realizing zero discharge of the tar-containing wastewater in the gasified gas; the calorific value of the gas is as high as 5100KJ/Nm<3>, and the gasification efficiency is greater than or equal to 72%; and the combustion temperature is 100-200 DEG C higher than that of the current cooking stove, fuel is saved by 10-15% compared with common gasifiers, and the gas is to easy ignite, has the advantages of sufficient combustion, no release of harmful gas and energy saving and is environmental friendly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the purification techniques of biomass gasification burning, particularly a kind of purification method of gasifying stalk combustion gas and equipment thereof.
Technical background
Stalk gasifier is a kind of with regenerative resource fuel---agricultural byproducts such as various agricultural crop straws, corncob, rice husk, leaf, sawdust, bacterium slag, animal wastes and house refuse (flammable) gasification reactor of packing into changes into combustible gas, after purifier purifies, delivers to burning on the special stove again, the chemical energy of living beings is changed into heat energy through oxidation, reduction, pyrolytic reaction, for people cook a meal usefulness, heating or in order to the renewable energy product-derived of other purposes.With traditional cooking stove relatively, stalk gasifier has fuel saving, safety and environmental protection, effect easy to use.But; Directly from the gasifying stalk combustion gas that gasification reactor comes out, contain tar, moisture and impurity particle; People are called thick combustion gas to this combustion gas; Will cause blocking pipe and kitchen range, incomplete combustion, peculiar smell is arranged, produce pernicious gas if thick combustion gas does not purify or purify thoroughly not direct burning, even gasification furnace can not be worked.In order to purify thick combustion gas, several kinds of measures below prior art has been taked:
1. wet purification: (1) water-bath type is arranged: (2) washing is tower.Wet purification is guided thick combustion gas exactly through water layer or water smoke district, utilizes the tiny water droplet of water layer or water smoke district to make gaseous state tar and steam be cooled to liquid and with the impurity particle adhesion, the three is mixed into waste water, then waste water is outwelled.
2. dry cleaning: have (1) whirlwind centrifugal filtration, inertia-type to filter; Its main feature is that the thick combustion gas of guiding is carried out high speed and rotated or swerve, and utilizes centrifugal force or inertia force that the solid impurity particle is separated with combustion gas with tar.(2) filter core or filtrate formula are filtered: guide thick combustion gas from the small spaces of filter core or filtrate, to pass through, make solid particle greater than the space by under the detention.
3. catalytic pyrolysis decoking: utilize tar to run into the characteristic that high temperature can be cracked into a combustion gas, the downdraft gasification furnace is adopted in (1); Guide thick combustion gas through red-hot burning zone, make tar obtain cracking; (2) in reactor, be provided with catalytic bed, fill, with a heater bed is heated in addition, guide thick combustion gas to pass through, make tar obtain cracking from catalytic bed by burnt dolomite or other catalysis material.
4. composite type: select above-mentioned two kinds or three kinds of technology that mode combines for use.
5. electrostatic separation utilizes electron ion to catch tar, hydrone and solid particle, then it is outwelled.
6. the tar and waste water after filtering that also has is directly introduced the oxide layer of gasification generator, or is delivered directly to the kitchen range burning to thick combustion gas without any purification.
There is following defective in prior art:
1. technology is imperfect: wet purification can only be separated tar, steam and impurity from thick combustion gas, and separates not thorough (separating 90% approximately), and these materials that are separated is not carried out the subsequent treatment of usefulization.
2. the tar and waste water of separating need often be outwelled, and not only air and soil is caused secondary pollution, has caused waste again, because contain the energy of 5-15% in the tar.
3. though dry cleaning system has reduced discharged waste water, can only the removing impurities solid particle, and the poor of separating tar and steam, the thick combustion gas that purified through dry cleaning system still contains more tar and steam.
4. the gas kitchen ranges of existing gasification furnace does not have the function of pyrolysis fuel oil; The combustion gas that purifies through existing purifier still contains a small amount of tar and steam; This combustion gas gets into can burn endless after the existing gasification furnace kitchen range, produces carbon black and condenses with tar, and its coagulation can stop up kitchen range; In addition, tar directly burns without cracking, can emit that a kind of the smell is awful, harmful gas, if thick combustion gas directly arrive existing stalk gasifier kitchen range and burnt without purifying, just more can aggravate the generation of above-mentioned condition.
5. the tar and waste water that comes out purification separation is directly introduced the gasification generator oxide layer; Can not make coke tar cracking; Can only cause the increase of gasification generator fuel humidity, gasification efficiency, combustion gas quality are caused adverse effect, cause ignition difficulties, the burning bad.
6. catalytic pyrolysis decoking system cost is high, difficult control of temperature, is not suitable for the family and uses miniature stalk gasification furnace.
Summary of the invention
Content of the present invention is the deficiency that overcomes prior art, and a kind of purification method and equipment thereof of gasifying stalk combustion gas is provided.Embodiment of the present invention can be accomplished: make tar and moisture in the gasification burning realize zero-emission, it is all changed into the burning of combustible gas confession kitchen range; Compare with the prior art kitchen range, ignition temperature exceeds 100～200 ℃, and is prone to light a fire, does not discharge when burning pernicious gas, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Be to realize above-mentioned purpose, the present invention be on existing gasification furnace gasification generator and purifier design and installation tar and waste water separate, recovery and converting apparatus; This equipment is at first separated most tar and moisture in the thick combustion gas, and the tar and waste water after separating does not discharge, but all changes into combustible gas fully burning in kitchen range to them.The present invention on kitchen range design and installation tar water reforming unit and three-dimensional apparatus of oxygen supply; Combustion gas can all change into combustible gas through purifier non-separating a small amount of tar and moisture through this device; Be transported to the combustion chamber with other combustion gas again, in the environment of three-dimensional oxygen supply mode, burn.
Technical scheme provided by the present invention is: a kind of purification method of gasifying stalk combustion gas; It is characterized in that comprising the steps: that (1) biomass fuel purifies through furnace purge device, stove external purifying device in the thick combustion gas that the gasification generator internal reaction generates successively, tar, moisture and the impurity particle overwhelming majority are separated from thick combustion gas;
(2) in step (1) stove, stove external purifying device tar, moisture and the impurity composite waste separated flow into respectively with it in the logical liquid choke device of UNICOM separately; Logical liquid choke device is transported to tar and waste water in the cracking air jet system; Go together with waste water, from the thick combustion gas detention in the gasifier in incoming road; Also detention is in incoming road the combustion gas of driving in the wrong direction, coming the autothermic cracking air jet system with waste water and steam, and impurity particle sinks at the bottom of the pond;
(3) tar and waste water gets into the described cracking air jet system of step (2); High temperature anaerobic environment in this device makes that tar and waste water distills, cracking and reduction reaction; Generate a combustion gas and high-temperature vapor; Get into gasifier oxide layer and position, reducing zone boundary afterwards, participate in reaction, generate new combustion gas once more with biomass fuel;
(4) thick combustion gas is after step (1) purifies; Be transported to the cracking kitchen range; Preheating chamber and cracking room by the cracking kitchen range utilizes burner exhaust heat that micro-tar non-separating in the combustion gas and moisture are all changed into combustion gas earlier, gets into the combustion chambers burn of kitchen range then with other combustion gas; This combustion chamber is three-dimensional oxygen supply mode.
The employed gasifying stalk gas cleaning device of the inventive method; Comprise and reach stove external purifying device, logical liquid choke device, cracking air jet system and cracking kitchen range in gasification generator, the stove; It is characterized in that the furnace purge device is installed on the feeding cover (7), lay many diversion rods (8) at feeding cover (7) inner surface; On the face of cylinder of sealing plate (5) between water collection sheet (6) and the feeding cover, be provided with mozzle (9), the mozzle import communicates with inboard, the face of cylinder, and outlet is communicated with choke pond (11); The fluid-through tube (10) of logical liquid choke device places choke pond (11), and a is concordant with horizontal plane for inlet, and outlet is communicated with the cracking air jet system; The gas outlet of gasification generator (2) is parallelly connected with air bleeding valve (4) and stove external purifying device import q, q water-bath chamber (28) import of holding concurrently, and outlet d feeds in sea water bath (24) water; The adjacent inertia chamber that is provided with water-bath chamber (28), import g in inertia chamber opens on lower clapboard (27), and communicates with space between the lower clapboard (27) with water-bath chamber (28) horizontal plane; The hold concurrently outlet of stove external purifying device of the outlet h of inertia chamber is communicated with cracking kitchen range (33); Stove external purifying device communicates through chamber (13-2) under sea water bath (24), pond fluid-through tube (23) and the cracking air jet system; The cracking air jet system is located at the oxide layer section of gasification generator bottom; Stove external purifying device communicates through chamber (13-2) under sea water bath (24), pond fluid-through tube (23), import (14-2) and the cracking air jet system.
One said feeding cover (7) is the taper pinnacle, is located at feeding cover (7) inner surface diversion rod (8) and is the umbrella arrangement, and an end of diversion rod (8) concentrates on feeding cover (7) top, and the other end is in the top of water collection sheet (6); Water collection sheet (6) is dish; Its outside is fixed on the inboard face of cylinder of sealing plate (5); On the face of cylinder, the outside of the sealing plate (5) between water collection sheet (6) and the feeding cover, be provided with mozzle (9); Mozzle (9) import is passed sealing plate (5) and is communicated with its inboard, face of cylinder, and its outlet inserts choke pond (11).
The indoor longitudinal baffle that alternately leaves downtake of one said inertia is divided into a plurality of cells; The import g of inertia chamber (29) opens and is leaning on the lower clapboard (27) of water-bath chamber (28) first cells (29-1); Communicate with the space of sea water bath (24) water surface top; The outlet h of inertia chamber opens the sidewall top of cell (29-3) in the end, and is communicated with cracking kitchen range (33) through gas valve (31).
One said cracking air jet system is located at the oxide layer section of gasification generator bottom; There is dividing plate that it is divided into chamber (13-1,13-2) up and down in it is characterized in that; There is import (14-1) and (14-2) following chamber (13-2), respectively be serially connected in stove inside and outside the fluid-through tube of logical liquid choke device on the pipeline of purifier and cracking air jet system UNICOM communicate; Have through hole c on the dividing plate and make up and down that the chamber communicates, last chamber has spout b to communicate with the gasification generator inner chamber.
One said logical liquid choke device is provided with three covers; Form by fluid-through tube and choke pond; Wherein a cover is connected on the pipeline of furnace purge device and cracking air jet system UNICOM; On the another set of pipeline that is connected on stove external purifying device and cracking air jet system UNICOM, the 3rd is set in below, stove external purifying device inertia chamber (29-3), and the fluid-through tube shaped design is S type, U type or straight tube.
The structure of one said cracking kitchen range (33) is: the inner core of coaxial setting, middle tube and urceolus constitute tube cracking room (33-2), ring cracking room (33-3) and preheating chamber (33-4) from inside to outside in the kitchen range chamber; Be provided with oxygen supply pipe (33-6) and flow distribution plate with holes (33-11) in the inner core; Flow distribution plate is spaced apart combustion chamber (33-5), top and below tube cracking room with the inner core chamber; At ring cracking room (33-3) and preheating chamber (33-4) top top board is set, its top is oxygen supplying chamber (33-7), and base plate (33-14) is located at a cracking room, ring cracking room and preheating chamber bottom surface; Its below is to adopt oxygen chamber (33-12), adopts the oxygen chamber through air admission hole (33-13) and atmosphere; Oxygen supply pipe (33-6) lower nozzle passes base plate and adopts the oxygen chamber and communicate; Oxygen supply pipe upper orifice passes flow distribution plate (33-11) and gets into combustion chamber (33-5); The tube cracking room communicates with the ring cracking room through inner core opening W; The ring cracking room communicates with preheating chamber through middle tube opening H, and preheating chamber is communicated with gas valve (31) and air valve (30) through the import (33-1) on the urceolus.
Further; In preheating chamber (33-4) and ring cracking room (33-3), be respectively equipped with plate washer; First baffle plate (33-15) is between urceolus and middle tube and in a side of encircling cracking room air inlet H, and second baffle (33-16) is between middle tube and inner core and at the opposite side that encircles cracking room air inlet H.
Further, pass flow distribution plate (33-11) more than oxygen supply pipe (33-6) middle part and get into combustion chamber (33-5), pass on tube wall partly and the top cover and have the some ventholes that communicate with the combustion chamber.
Further; The flame centralizing hood (33-8) that is positioned at the inner core top is oxygen supplying chamber (33-7) on every side; Top board double as oxygen supplying chamber base plate, the diameter of top board equate that with the external diameter of oxygen supplying chamber the top board periphery has feeding oxygen hole (33-10); Conically shaped is positioned at the flame centralizing hood outside, all has paranasal sinuses (33-9) on taper barrel and the dish plate.
The present invention compared with prior art has following beneficial effect: by stalk gasifier sample process many contrast tests (4h burns average every day) half a year that the present invention designs and produces, compare with not adopting common gasification furnace of the present invention, shown following good effect:
1. really realize the zero-emission of tar and waste water, avoided secondary pollution, thereby reached the thermal efficiency that improves biomass fuel, economic, convenient, practical resultant effect;
2. improved fuel gases calorific value and gasification efficiency, fuel gases calorific value reaches 5100KJ/Nm
3, gasification efficiency>=72%;
3. improved the kitchen range ignition temperature, reached 1300 ℃ (common gasification furnace kitchen range are≤1100 ℃);
4. than common gasification furnace fuel saving 10～15%, kitchen range are lighted a fire more easily;
5. reduced requirement, common gasification furnace≤12%, the present invention≤23% to the water-in-fuel rate;
6. realized the burning free from extraneous odour, no noxious gas emission, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the present invention purifies the cracking schematic flow sheet.
Fig. 2 is that each device of the present invention connects and structural representation.
Fig. 3 covers A-A to view along catchmenting in the furnace purge device among Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is cracking kitchen range structural representations.
Fig. 5 is to view along cracking kitchen range B-B among Fig. 4.
The specific embodiment
(1) apparatus of the present invention general structure
As shown in Figure 1, the present device assembly is made up of 6 devices: i.e. 1. gasification generators, 2. furnace purge device, 3, stove external purifying device, 4, logical liquid choke device (3), 5, cracking air jet system.6, cracking kitchen range (1 to 2).
(2) structure of each device of the present invention:
1. gasification generator adopts the updraft type gasification generator.Referring to Fig. 2, form by cylindrical shell 1, gas outlet 2, air bleeding valve 4, feeding cover 7, sealing plate 5, gray-drawing port 15, split-wind plate 16, air inlet 18.Sealing plate 5 is located on the feeding cover 7, and its lower edge is pressed in the airtight and watertight padding that is inserted in the gasification generator charge door closure gasket groove 3.The gas outlet 2 of gasification generator is parallelly connected with stove external purifying device water-bath chamber import c with air bleeding valve 4.The 20th, air blast, the air inlet 18 that links to each other with air blast stretches into cylindrical shell 1 bottom; Branch air port 19 links with air valve 31.Must connect with spring carrier arm between feeding cover 7 and the cylindrical shell 1.
2. furnace purge device: claim the condensation captation again,, be installed on the feeding cover 7 referring to Fig. 2.Feeding cover 7 and sealing plate 5 also belong to the parts of this device, together with water collection sheet 6, diversion rod 8 and mozzle 9 mutual group cost devices except that belonging to the gasification generator parts.Feeding cover 7 is the taper pinnacle.On feeding cover 7 inner surfaces, lay some diversion rods 8; As shown in Figure 3, diversion rod 8 is umbrella to be arranged, and an end points of diversion rod 8 concentrates on feeding cover 7 tops, and the other end is above water collection sheet 6.On feeding cover 7 inner surfaces keep to the side the edge position, be provided with sealing plate 5 and be cylinder barrel shaped, its inboard cylindrical drum face is provided with water collection sheet 6, and water collection sheet 6 is dish; On the face of cylinder, the outside of sealing plate 5, be provided with mozzle 9, mozzle 9 imports are passed sealing plate 5 and are communicated with its inboard, face of cylinder, and its outlet is inserted 11 bottoms, choke pond through a bit of flexible pipe.
3. stove external purifying device: claim clarifier again,, be located at the below of cracking kitchen range 33, form by water-bath chamber 28, inertia chamber 29, top board 32, base plate 27, sea water bath 24, gas valve 31, pressure relief opening 26, cleaning valve 22 referring to Fig. 2.
Water-bath chamber 28 import q also are the import and gasification generator gas outlet 2 UNICOMs of stove external purifying device, and outlet d in water-bath chamber inserts below the horizontal plane of sea water bath 24 a little.As shown in Figure 2: the inertia chamber is divided into 3～4 cells (this instance is 3, is respectively 29-1,29-2,29-3) with 2～3 longitudinal baffles.The import of inertia chamber g also is the import of cell 29-1, opens on the base plate below the 29-1 chamber 27, communicates with the space of sea water bath 24 horizontal planes top; The outlet of inertia chamber 29 also is that the outlet h of stove external purifying device opens above the sidewall of 29-3 cell, connects with gas valve 31 through exterior line.Referring to Fig. 2, cell 29-1 communicates through outlet m and cell 29-2, and outlet m opens the longitudinal baffle top between cell 29-1 and 29-2; Cell 29-2 communicates through outlet n and cell 29-3; The bottom that outlet n opens the longitudinal baffle between cell 29-2 and 29-3.
4. logical liquid choke device: form by fluid-through tube, choke pond; Its fluid-through tube shape can be the S type according to the difference of surrounding structure, U type, or straight tube.Three covers below the present invention is total are choke device all night:
The logical liquid choke device of first cover is installed in outer, mozzle 9 belows of charge door of gasification producer, is made up of logical liquid S bend pipe 10, choke pond 11; Basin bottom is provided with cleaning valve 12.S bend pipe 10 major parts are dipped in the water in choke pond 11, and its import a is concordant with choke pond 11 horizontal planes, and outlet is passed choke pond 11 pond end stretches and gone among the jet chamber 13-2 import 14-1 down of cracking; The 12nd, clean plug.
The logical liquid choke device of second cover is installed in the clarifier sea water bath 24; By sea water bath 24 and logical liquid U type pipe 23 forms, the sea water bath 24 choke pond of here having held concurrently acts on.Logical liquid U type pipe 23 is immersed in the pond, its import e is concordant with sea water bath 24 horizontal planes respectively with outlet f, and its outlet f is connected through jet another import 14-2 of chamber 13-2 down of external pipeline and cracking; Import 14-2 is lower than outlet f; Parallelly connected spilling water valve 21,22nd on external pipeline, blowoff valve.
The logical liquid choke device of the 3rd cover also is installed in the sea water bath 24, is made up of sea water bath 24 and logical liquid straight tube 25; Sea water bath 24 is its choke pond of double as also.Logical liquid straight tube 25 imports are located on the lower clapboard 27, communicate with inertia chamber 29, and outlet is suspended in sea water bath 24 near in the water at the bottom of the pond.
5. cracking air jet system: be installed in the oxide layer section of gasification generator cylindrical shell 1 bottom, by last chamber 13-1, down chamber 13-2, chamber import 14-1 and 14-2, cleaning plug 17 are formed down.C communicates with last chamber 13-1 for chamber 13-2 outlet down; B is last chamber 13-1 outlet, communicates with cylindrical shell 1 inner chamber.
6. the cracking kitchen range 33: clarifier upper spacer 32 tops that are installed in as shown in Figure 2; Referring to Fig. 4 Fig. 5,, flow distribution plate 33-11, tube cracking room 33-2, ring cracking room 33-3, preheating chamber 33-4, oxygen supply pipe 33-6, the 33-7 of oxygen supplying chamber, flame centralizing hood 33-8, adopt oxygen chamber 33-12 and form by combustion chamber 33-5.
Referring to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5: flow distribution plate 33-11 top is combustion chamber 33-5, and flow distribution plate 33-11 below is a cracking room 33-2; Combustion chamber 33-5 is ring cracking room 33-3, preheating chamber 33-4 with tube cracking room 33-2 periphery successively.Tube cracking room 33-2 communicates with ring cracking room 33-3 through the import W that is located at its bottom; Ring cracking room 33-3 communicates with preheating chamber 33-4 through the import H that is located at its top.Air mixture import 33-1 is oriented in a tangential direction and gets into preheating chamber 33-4 bottom, and parallelly connected with gas valve 31, air valve 30 by the road; Gas valve 31 other ends and stove external purifying device gas outlet h link; The other end of air valve 30 links through pipeline and air blast branch air port 19.
33-6 is the oxygen supply pipe, and its upper semisection passes flow distribution plate 33-11 and gets into combustion chamber 33-5, and has some ventholes; The lower semisection of oxygen supply pipe 33-6 passes a cracking room 33-2, and port passes lower clapboard 33-14 as import, and adopts oxygen chamber 33-12 and communicates.Adopt oxygen chamber 33-12 through import 33-13 and atmosphere.
Referring to Fig. 5, the first baffle plate 33-15 places in the preheating chamber 33-4, in contrary tangential direction one side of air mixture import 33-1, links to each other with the side of ring cracking room 33-3 air inlet H; Second baffle 33-16 places in the ring cracking room 33-3, links to each other with the opposite side of ring cracking room air inlet H and the side of tube cracking room 33-2 import W; The position of opening and baffle plate, should satisfy following requirement: it can force air mixture to get into preheating chamber 33-4 bottom from preheating chamber import 33-1 by tangential direction, circles to get into ring cracking room 33-3 top after encircle cracking room import H; Circle by same direction again after tube cracking room import W gets into tube cracking room 33-2 bottom, after the shunting of the circle of one on flow distribution plate 33-11 aperture, get into combustion chamber 33-5 then.
The concrete working method of the present invention
1. startup stalk gasifier:
Use at first to 11 water fillings of choke pond first, annotate to the water surface and the concordant position of S type water service pipe import a.Open spilling water valve 21 again, from relief valve 26 to sea water bath 24 water fillings, annotate there are flowing out to spilling water valve 21 till, close spilling water valve 21.
Open air bleeding valve 4, close gas valve 31 and air valve 30, in cylindrical shell 1, add biomass fuel and tamping, require wetness of fuel≤23%, granularity≤5cm * 5cm, close reinforced flap 7 after filling, open air blast 20 from the gasification generator charge door; Light biomass fuel, smoke evacuation 3-8 minute from lighting-up tuyere (not drawing the figure), just have this moment thick combustion gas to produce in the gasifier.Open gas valve 31, light cracking kitchen range 33, close air bleeding valve 4, open air valve 30, adjustment air valve 30 and gas valve 31 are till the adjustment intensity of a fire to the best.
2. the work of furnace purge device---purify the first time of accomplishing combustion gas
Gasification furnace when work, the tar in the gasifier and moisture with gaseous state exist, under the effect of air blast blast, when touching reinforced flap 7 and diversion rod 8 with combustion gas is up; Temperature descends; Gaseous state tar and about 60% condensation of steam in the thick combustion gas also is mixed into waste water, and waste water is dirty along the inclined-plane and the diversion rod 8 of reinforced flap 7, when flowing to the tip position that is positioned at water collection sheet 6 top diversion rods 8 instantly; Just drop onto on the water collection sheet 6; The ring-shaped groove of forming along water collection sheet 6 and sealing plate 5 again flows, then after mozzle 9 to flow to choke pond 11 diluted, impurity particle sinks at the bottom of the pond; So far; Tar and steam 60% in the thick combustion gas are separated; Making thick combustion gas not go out gasification generator just obtains purifying for the first time; Alleviate tar and outside stove, transmitted condensing of pipeline, also reduced the waste water that interior surface condenses in a large number and dropped onto the quantity on the biomass fuel, helped the gasification of gasifier fuel.
3. second, third time purification of the work of stove external purifying device---combustion gas:
Thick combustion gas through purify for the first time the back along gasifier gas outlet 2, transmission pipeline, water-bath chamber import q get into water-bath chamber 28, and in the water of the outlet d entering sea water bath 24 of passing through down, and then emerge; Get into the horizontal plane superjacent air space of sea water bath 24; In the emersion process, the tar in the combustion gas, moisture Yin Wendu reduce by gaseous state and are condensed into that liquid waste water is stayed in the sea water bath 24 and diluted, and impurity particle makes thick combustion gas obtain purifying for the second time also by the hydrone detention.
Combustion gas through purifying for the second time gets into inertia cell 29-1 through horizontal plane superjacent air space, the inertia chamber import g of sea water bath 24, gets into the outlet m that passes through on the back and gets into cell 29-2, passes through that outlet n gets into cell 29-3, pass through on again outlet h, exterior line and gas valve 31 get into cracking kitchen range 33 down.Combustion gas is through continuously changing airflow direction, temperature continuation reduction in inertia chamber 29; The further condensation of tar and steam is mixed into waste water, impurity particle is thrown out of under the effect of inertia force; Flow into sea water bath 24 in company with waste water through logical liquid straight tube 25; Tar condensing water is soluble in water diluted, and impurity particle sinks at the bottom of the pond; So far, combustion gas is purified for the third time.After thick combustion gas purifies through above-mentioned three times, being separated more than 90% of contained tar, water vapour and impurity particle.Relief valve 26 can be laid down the issuable gas high pressure in the gasification furnace whole system at any time, to guarantee safety, the double simultaneously water filling port of doing.
4. the work of logical liquid choke device:
(1) logical liquid: with the first cover ventilation device that blocks water is example; Connect 2 said; The tar and waste water that the furnace purge device is separated flows to choke pond 11, on the one hand makes tar obtain dilution through mozzle 9, makes on the other hand that horizontal plane constantly increases in the pond in, when the water surface during above the import a of S type fluid-through tube 10; Tar liquid and condensed water will flow into S type fluid-through tube 10, flow into chamber 13-2 down through the jet chamber inlet 14-1 down of cracking again.
(2) choke: as shown in Figure 2; Gaseous-pressure in the gasifier cylindrical shell 1; Can reach choke pond 11 through mozzle 9, can also reach choke pond 11 through the jet last chamber import b of cracking, last chamber 13-1, import c, following chamber 13-2, import 14-1, S type fluid-through tube 10; The combustion gas and the high-temperature vapor that are transformed into by tar and waste water of following chamber 13-2 also can reach choke pond 11 through import 14-1, S type fluid-through tube 10, and these three kinds of gas pressures all act on the water surface in choke pond 11; If do not have water or water layer thickness thin excessively in the choke pond, under this pressure effect, combustion gas will outwards be revealed so; When water layer thickness reached a certain thickness in making the choke pond, its hydraulic pressure and atmospheric pressure sum will stop combustion gas to be revealed, to accomplish the choke function.
In like manner, the logical liquid choke device U type fluid-through tube 23 of second cover can flow into the jet chamber 13-2 down of cracking to the tar and waste water that separate water-bath chamber 28 and inertia chamber through import e, outlet f, the jet chamber import 14-2 down of cracking; The tar and waste water importing sea water bath 24 that the logical liquid straight tube 25 of the logical liquid choke device of the 3rd cover can be separated inertia cell 29-2 and 29-3; The tar and waste water that water-bath chamber 29-1 condenses flows directly into sea water bath 24 through import g, and sea water bath 24 can be blocked the mutual crossfire of combustion gas between jet chamber 13-2 down and sea water bath 24 water surface superjacent air spaces; Also can stop the mutual crossfire of combustion gas between sea water bath 24 water surface superjacent air spaces and inertia chamber 29-2 and the 29-3; Guaranteed the operate as normal of purifier and cracking air jet system.
(3) impurity particle can constantly sink at the bottom of choke pond 11 and sea water bath 24 ponds at work, can remove with blowoff valve 22 regular cleanings through cleaning plug 12.
5. the work of pyrolysis device: the tar liquid waste water of separating through furnace purge device and stove external purifying device flow into jet time chamber 13-2 of cracking through inlet 14-1 and 14-2 respectively; Following chamber 13-2 and last chamber 13-1 are because of bearing gasifier oxide layer hot environment, and temperature reaches 900-1000 ℃, and is in anaerobic condition, and under this environment, tar liquid is distilling, is being cracked into a combustion gas rapidly among the 13-2 of chamber down; Waste water then flashes to high-temperature vapor rapidly, and sprays into chamber 13-1 through outlet c and continued to heat; In last chamber, part steam and a combustion gas generation reduction reaction generate H
2, CO, CH
4, C
mH
n, C
3Etc. new combustion gas; And mix with remaining high-temperature vapor; Spray into oxide layer and reducing zone boundary section in the gasifier cylindrical shell 1 through outlet b then, participate in oxidation reaction and reduction reaction, generate new biomass gasification burning once more in company with the biomass fuel in the gasifier.
6. the work of cracking kitchen range: the cracking kitchen range are terminals of gasifying stalk furnace system, and its combustibility is most important.As previously mentioned, although thick combustion gas through the purification of purifier, but still contains tar and the steam of 5-10%, and very difficult the separation, do not deliver to the combustion chamber and directly burn, still can cause burning to wait a series of bad phenomenon to produce not to the utmost if do not add to handle; If head it off, necessarily require the gasification furnace kitchen range to have cracking and burn function completely.
The course of work of cracking kitchen range in the system of the present invention: referring to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5; Thick combustion gas in the gasifier is after purifier inside and outside the stove purifies for three times; Be mixed into air mixture through gas valve 31, air valve 30; Get into preheating chamber 33-4 bottom, circle through preheating chamber import 33-1 tangential direction then after encircle cracking room import H by top entering ring cracking room 33-3; Circle after tube cracking room import W gets into tube cracking room 33-2 by the bottom by equidirectional, above-mentioned path has prolonged the holdup time of combustion gas in the high-temperature region again.In addition, preheating chamber 33-4, tube cracking room 33-2 and ring cracking room 33-3 are because close with combustion chamber 33-5 or adjacent, and the high temperature of combustion chamber can make their temperature reach 200 ℃, 800 ℃ and 1000 ℃ respectively.As previously mentioned, in the combustion gas of three purifications, still contain micro-tar water (about 10%), it mixes in combustion gas with the gaseous state mode; And very be difficult to separate, but get into after the cracking kitchen range 33, experienced the high-temperature region; And be detained the sufficiently long time in the high-temperature region; Cracking and reduction reaction just all take place in a small amount of tar in the combustion gas and steam, generate combustible gas, and the circle aperture on combustion gas flow distribution plate 33-11 gets into combustion chambers burn then.During burning; Oxygen supply pipe 33-6 and the 33-7 of oxygen supplying chamber can be from the bottoms of combustion chamber, the center, all around with the top to the three-dimensional oxygen supply of combustion chamber multiple spot; Make combustion gas get full and uniformly, burn more fully, also reduced dependence simultaneously the air blast air quantity with oxygen mix.The quickening flow velocity increased the suction to ambient oxygen when the many apertures on its conical by its shape of flame centralizing hood 33-8 and the barrel can make flame pass through, and also was beneficial to simultaneously flame is concentrated to improve ignition temperature.
Claims (10)
1. the purification method of a gasifying stalk combustion gas is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) biomass fuel purifies through furnace purge device, stove external purifying device in the thick combustion gas that the gasification generator internal reaction generates successively, and tar, moisture and the impurity particle overwhelming majority are separated from thick combustion gas;
(2) in step (1) stove, stove external purifying device tar, moisture and the impurity composite waste separated flow into respectively with it in the logical liquid choke device of UNICOM separately; Logical liquid choke device is transported to tar and waste water in the cracking air jet system; Go together with waste water, from the thick combustion gas detention in the gasifier in incoming road; Also detention is in incoming road the combustion gas of driving in the wrong direction, coming the autothermic cracking air jet system with waste water and steam, and impurity particle sinks at the bottom of the pond;
(3) tar and waste water gets into the described cracking air jet system of step (2); High temperature anaerobic environment in this device makes that tar and waste water distills, cracking and reduction reaction; Generate a combustion gas and high-temperature vapor; Get into gasifier oxide layer and position, reducing zone boundary afterwards, participate in reaction, generate new combustion gas once more with biomass fuel;
(4) thick combustion gas is after step (1) purifies; Be transported to the cracking kitchen range; Preheating chamber and cracking room by the cracking kitchen range utilizes burner exhaust heat that micro-tar non-separating in the combustion gas and moisture are all changed into combustion gas earlier, gets into the combustion chambers burn of cracking kitchen range then with other combustion gas; This combustion chamber is three-dimensional oxygen supply mode.
2. according to the employed gasifying stalk gas-purification of the method for claim 1 equipment; Comprise and reach stove external purifying device, logical liquid choke device, cracking air jet system and cracking kitchen range in gasification generator, the stove; It is characterized in that the furnace purge device is installed on the feeding cover (7), lay many diversion rods (8) at feeding cover (7) inner surface; On the face of cylinder of sealing plate (5) between water collection sheet (6) and the feeding cover, be provided with mozzle (9), the mozzle import communicates with inboard, the face of cylinder, and outlet is communicated with choke pond (11); The fluid-through tube (10) of logical liquid choke device places choke pond (11), and a is concordant with horizontal plane for inlet, and outlet is communicated with the cracking air jet system; The gas outlet of gasification generator (2) is connected with stove external purifying device import q; On this connecting path, be provided with air bleeding valve (4); Stove external purifying device import q water-bath chamber (28) import of holding concurrently, water-bath chamber outlet d feeds in sea water bath (24) water the adjacent inertia chamber that is provided with water-bath chamber (28); Import g in inertia chamber opens on lower clapboard (27), and communicates with space between the lower clapboard (27) with water-bath chamber (28) horizontal plane; The hold concurrently outlet of stove external purifying device of the outlet h of inertia chamber is communicated with cracking kitchen range (33); Stove external purifying device communicates through chamber (13-2) under sea water bath (24), pond fluid-through tube (23) and the cracking air jet system; The cracking air jet system is located at the oxide layer section of gasification generator bottom; Stove external purifying device communicates through chamber (13-2) under sea water bath (24), pond fluid-through tube (23), the jet chamber import (14-2) down of cracking and the cracking air jet system.
3. according to the described gasifying stalk gas-purification of claim 2 equipment; It is characterized in that feeding cover (7) is the taper pinnacle; Be located at feeding cover (7) inner surface diversion rod (8) and be the umbrella arrangement, an end of diversion rod (8) concentrates on feeding cover (7) top, and the other end is in the top of water collection sheet (6); Water collection sheet (6) is dish; Its outside is fixed on the inboard face of cylinder of sealing plate (5); On the face of cylinder, the outside of the sealing plate (5) between water collection sheet (6) and the feeding cover, be provided with mozzle (9); Mozzle (9) import is passed sealing plate (5) and is communicated with inboard, the sealing plate face of cylinder, and mozzle (9) outlet inserts choke pond (11).
4. according to the described gasifying stalk gas-purification of claim 2 equipment; It is characterized in that the indoor longitudinal baffle that alternately leaves downtake of said inertia is divided into a plurality of cells; Inertia chamber (29) import g opens and is leaning on the lower clapboard (27) of water-bath chamber (28) first cells (29-1); Communicate with the space of sea water bath (24) water surface top, the outlet h of inertia chamber opens the sidewall top of cell (29-3) in the end, and is communicated with cracking kitchen range (33) through gas valve (31).
5. according to the described gasifying stalk gas-purification of claim 2 equipment; It is characterized in that the cracking air jet system is located at the oxide layer section of gasification generator bottom; There is dividing plate that the cracking air jet system is divided into chamber (13-1,13-2) up and down in it is characterized in that; There are two imports (14-1,14-2) following chamber (13-2), respectively be serially connected in stove inside and outside the fluid-through tube of logical liquid choke device on the pipeline of purifier and cracking air jet system UNICOM communicate; Have through hole c on the dividing plate and make up and down that the chamber communicates, last chamber has spout b to communicate with the gasification generator inner chamber.
6. according to the described gasifying stalk gas-purification of claim 2 equipment; It is characterized in that logical liquid choke device is provided with three covers; Form by fluid-through tube and choke pond, wherein a cover is connected on the pipeline of furnace purge device and cracking air jet system UNICOM, on the another set of pipeline that is connected on stove external purifying device and cracking air jet system UNICOM; The 3rd is set in below, stove external purifying device inertia chamber (29-3), and the fluid-through tube shaped design is S type, U type or straight tube.
7. according to the described gasifying stalk gas-purification of claim 2 equipment; The structure that it is characterized in that cracking kitchen range (33) is: the inner core of coaxial setting, middle tube and urceolus constitute tube cracking room (33-2), ring cracking room (33-3) and preheating chamber (33-4) from inside to outside in the kitchen range chamber; Be provided with oxygen supply pipe (33-6) and flow distribution plate with holes (33-11) in the inner core, it is that combustion chamber (33-5) and below are described tube cracking room that flow distribution plate with holes is spaced apart the top with the inner core chamber, and ring cracking room (33-3) is made up of inner core and middle tube; Preheating chamber (33-4) is made up of middle tube and urceolus; At ring cracking room (33-3) and preheating chamber (33-4) top top board is set, its top is oxygen supplying chamber (33-7), and base plate (33-14) is located at a cracking room, ring cracking room and preheating chamber bottom surface; Its below is to adopt oxygen chamber (33-12), adopts the oxygen chamber through air admission hole (33-13) and atmosphere; Oxygen supply pipe (33-6) lower nozzle passes base plate and oxygen chamber (33-12), adopts the oxygen chamber through air admission hole (33-13) and atmosphere; Oxygen supply pipe (33-6) lower nozzle passes base plate and adopts the oxygen chamber and communicate; Oxygen supply pipe upper orifice passes flow distribution plate with holes (33-11) and gets into combustion chamber (33-5); The tube cracking room communicates with the ring cracking room through inner core opening W; The ring cracking room communicates with preheating chamber through ring cracking room air inlet H, and preheating chamber is communicated with gas valve (31) and air valve (30) through the import (33-1) on the urceolus.
8. according to the described gasifying stalk gas-purification of claim 7 equipment; It is characterized in that in preheating chamber (33-4) and ring cracking room (33-3), being respectively equipped with baffle plate; First baffle plate (33-15) is between urceolus and middle tube and in a side of encircling cracking room air inlet H, and second baffle (33-16) is between middle tube and inner core and at the opposite side that encircles cracking room air inlet H.
9. according to the described gasifying stalk gas-purification of claim 7 equipment; It is characterized in that passing flow distribution plate with holes (33-11) more than oxygen supply pipe (33-6) middle part gets into combustion chamber (33-5), passes on tube wall partly and the top cover and has the some ventholes that communicate with the combustion chamber.
10. according to the described gasifying stalk gas-purification of claim 7 equipment; The flame centralizing hood (33-8) that it is characterized in that being positioned at the inner core top is oxygen supplying chamber (33-7) on every side; Top board double as oxygen supplying chamber base plate, the external diameter of top board equate that with the external diameter of oxygen supplying chamber the top board periphery has feeding oxygen hole (33-10); Conically shaped is positioned at the flame centralizing hood outside, all has paranasal sinuses (33-9) on taper barrel and the dish plate.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200910187264A CN102003721B (en) | 2009-09-03 | 2009-09-03 | Purification method for straw gasified gas and equipment thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200910187264A CN102003721B (en) | 2009-09-03 | 2009-09-03 | Purification method for straw gasified gas and equipment thereof |
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| CN102003721A CN102003721A (en) | 2011-04-06 |
| CN102003721B true CN102003721B (en) | 2012-09-26 |
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| CN200910187264A Expired - Fee Related CN102003721B (en) | 2009-09-03 | 2009-09-03 | Purification method for straw gasified gas and equipment thereof |
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| CN105154143B (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2019-03-15 | 上海泽玛克敏达机械设备有限公司 | From the environment protecting gasifying oven of processing waste water |
| CN108384585B (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2024-05-17 | 南京林业大学 | Self-supplied thermal cracking device for gasifying tar in combustible gas by biomass fluidized bed |
| CN112716852A (en) * | 2021-01-17 | 2021-04-30 | 陈星宇 | Preparation method of shampoo capable of preventing hair loss, growing hair and blackening white hair |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2479382Y (en) * | 2001-03-14 | 2002-02-27 | 李清溢 | Stalk gasification stove and range for cooking and heating |
| CN1485415A (en) * | 2002-09-28 | 2004-03-31 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Cracking purification method for combustible gas produced by gasifying crude material |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2479382Y (en) * | 2001-03-14 | 2002-02-27 | 李清溢 | Stalk gasification stove and range for cooking and heating |
| CN1485415A (en) * | 2002-09-28 | 2004-03-31 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Cracking purification method for combustible gas produced by gasifying crude material |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| JP特开2004-256684A 2004.09.16 |
| JP特开2005-162811A 2005.06.23 |
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