The hot error test device of machine tool chief axis under the simulated condition load-up condition
Technical field
The present invention relates to the numerical control machine tool technique field, the hot error test device of machine tool chief axis under particularly a kind of simulated condition load-up condition.
Background technology
The error source of Digit Control Machine Tool mainly comprises geometric error, hot error, load error and control system error, and wherein, geometric error and hot error account for the 40%-70% of error total amount.For high-grade, digitally controlled machine tools, because the heat that the high-speed driving parts produce is higher than traditional machine tool far away, and because its supporting each parts machining accuracy, assembly precision and self rigidity is higher, the load error proportion that geometric error and cutting force cause reduces, therefore hot error proportion is bigger, becomes the main factor that influences machining accuracy.At present at the hot error testing of the main shaft under the Digit Control Machine Tool idle condition, the existing big quantity research of modeling and simulation analysis.But, under the processing operating mode, because the caused main shaft temperature rise of chip-load and thermal deformation are difficult to be embodied in the main shaft thermal characteristics and hot error test model under the idle condition, the main shaft thermal field balance of idle condition is inconsistent with the main shaft thermal field balance of processing operating mode, and issuable coupling effect between lathe thermal characteristic and dynamic characteristic and the load, usually the hot error model under the Light Condition is difficult to reflect real thermal characteristic of main shaft and hot error condition, thereby is difficult to obtain satisfied error compensation effect under reality processing working condition; And truly process the real-time in-line testing that can't carry out machine tool thermal error under the operating mode, therefore thermal characteristic and the hot error of thermal characteristic to further understanding main shaft in depth of lathe under the research simulation operating loading condition improves the heat error compensation effect of Digit Control Machine Tool, to improve the machining accuracy of lathe conscientiously significant.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of experimental rig that can carry out the hot error test of machine tool chief axis under the simulated condition load-up condition for solving the technical problem that exists in the known technology, is used to study thermal characteristic and the hot error of machine tool chief axis under operating loading.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes for the technical problem that exists in the solution known technology is: the hot error test device of machine tool chief axis under a kind of simulated condition load-up condition, comprise the hot error testing pilot system of main shaft, this experimental rig also comprises simulated condition load main shaft charger; Described main shaft charger comprises torque load charger and radial load load charger; Described torque load charger comprises magnetic powder brake, described magnetic powder brake is installed on the charger support, described magnetic powder brake is connected with check rod by feather key, described check rod is connected with described main shaft, and described magnetic powder brake will be simulated torque load by described feather key and described check rod and is applied on the described main shaft; Described radial load load charger comprises the pressure meter, described pressure meter is installed on the radial load charger supporting mass, described radial load charger supporting mass is fixedlyed connected with described charger support, described pressure meter is provided with and is subjected to pull end and is subjected to pressure side, the pull end that is subjected to of described pressure meter is provided with radial load adjustment bolt, described pressure meter is subjected to pressure side to be provided with the radial load guide rod, the pressure meter end far away of described radial load guide rod is equipped with rolling bearing, described rolling bearing rolls with described check rod and is connected, and described radial load is adjusted bolt by the described pressure meter generation of extruding simulation radial load load and by described radial load guide rod, described rolling bearing and described check rod roll to contact and will simulate radial load load and be applied on the described main shaft.
The hot error testing pilot system of described main shaft is by being installed in eddy current displacement sensor and the hot error of the described main shaft of described check rod non-cpntact measurement on the sensor stand, and described sensor stand is provided with vertical installed surface and horizontal mounting surface; Described charger support is provided with vertical installed surface and horizontal mounting surface.
The hot error testing pilot system of described main shaft is measured temperature by the thermal resistance that is installed in described main shaft detected part, described thermal resistance is installed in the detected part of described main shaft by magnetic support, described magnetic support comprises fixed cover and magnetosheath, described thermal resistance is threaded with described fixed cover, and described magnetic support is adsorbed on described main shaft surface by the magnetic force of described magnetosheath; The test lead of described thermal resistance contacts with surface, the tested position of main shaft, perhaps is inlaid in the measured hole of described main shaft tested position setting, and contacts with described measured hole bottom surface.
Described radial load guide rod is contained in the radial load guide pin bushing, and described radial load guide pin bushing is fixed on the described radial load charger supporting mass.
Advantage and good effect that the present invention has are:
1) main shaft simulated condition load loads with detected part temperature, the hot error measure of main shaft and carries out synchronously, can obtain main shaft thermal characteristic and hot error model under the approximate true processing working condition, for accuracy prediction, accuracy Design and the heat error compensation of machine tool chief axis provides a kind of practicable experimental rig and means;
2) the simulation torque load that is produced by magnetic powder brake can be regulated magnitude of load by exciting current, can adjust the change in displacement adjusting magnitude of load of bolt by radial load by the simulation radial load load of pressure meter generation, thereby can simulate the chip-load under the true processing operating mode in the certain limit, make that simulated condition load and real working condition load are more approaching;
3) the hot error testing device of simulated condition load main shaft charger and main shaft need not other auxiliary mounting bracket, promptly applicable to the machine tool chief axis of horizontally-mounted machine tool chief axis and vertical installation;
4) thermal resistance that is used for measuring the main shaft temperature rise can be installed in the annular surface or the instrument connection of main shaft detected part easily by magnetic support, and it is simple to make main shaft temperature measure.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is test principle figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the hot error test device of machine tool chief axis under the horizontal simulated condition load-up condition that is installed on the main shaft testing stand;
Fig. 3 is the hot error test device of machine tool chief axis under the vertical simulated condition load-up condition that is installed on the platen;
Fig. 4 is simulation moment load charger;
Fig. 5 is simulation radial load load charger;
Fig. 6 is the eddy current displacement sensor mounting bracket;
Fig. 7 is the mounting structure schematic diagram that the thermal resistance test lead contacts with surface, the tested position of main shaft;
Fig. 8 is installed in structural representation in the tested site tests of the main shaft hole for the thermal resistance test lead.
Among the figure: 1, main shaft, 2, the main shaft testing stand, 3, sensor stand, 3-1, vertical installed surface, 3-2, horizontal mounting surface, 4, magnetic support, 5, thermal resistance, 6, check rod, 7, the radial load load charger, 8, the torque load charger, 9, eddy current displacement sensor, 10, platen, 11, the charger support, 11-1, vertical installed surface, 11-2, horizontal mounting surface, 12, feather key, 13, magnetic powder brake, 14, radial load is adjusted bolt, 15, sideboard, 16, the pressure meter, 17, the radial load guide rod, 18, the radial load guide pin bushing, 19, radial load charger supporting mass, 20, rolling bearing, 21, bearing pin, 22, magnetosheath, 23, fixed cover.
The specific embodiment
For further understanding summary of the invention of the present invention, characteristics and effect, exemplify following examples now, and conjunction with figs. is described in detail as follows:
See also Fig. 1~Fig. 8, in order further to understand main shaft thermal characteristic and the hot error under the true processing operating mode in depth, the invention provides the hot error test device of machine tool chief axis under a kind of simulated condition load-up condition, during test, this device can be installed on the main shaft testing stand 2 or on the platen 10.This device comprises simulated condition load main shaft charger and the hot error testing pilot system of main shaft two parts; Wherein, simulated condition load main shaft charger comprises simulation moment load charger 8 and simulation radial load load charger 7 two parts.
Above-mentioned simulation moment load charger comprises magnetic powder brake 13, magnetic powder brake 13 is installed on the charger support 11, be connected with check rod 6 by feather key 12, check rod 6 is connected with main shaft 1, and magnetic powder brake 13 will be simulated torque load by feather key 12, check rod 6 and is applied on the main shaft 1; By regulating the size of magnetic powder brake 13 exciting currents, can linear regulation simulate the size of torque load.
Above-mentioned simulation radial load load charger comprises pressure meter 16, pressure meter 16 is installed in the radial load charger supporting mass 19, pressure meter 16 is provided with and is subjected to pull end and is subjected to pressure side, the pull end that is subjected to of pressure meter 16 is provided with radial load adjustment bolt 14, the pressure side that is subjected to of pressure meter 16 is provided with radial load guide rod 17, the other end of radial load guide rod 17 is equipped with rolling bearing 20 by bearing pin 21, and rolling bearing 20 rolls with check rod 6 and is connected.Evenly transmit for the radial load that makes radial load adjustment bolt 14 impose on pressure meter 16, adjust between bolt 14 and the pressure meter 16 in radial load and be provided with sideboard 15, sideboard 15 is slidingly connected on the radial load charger supporting mass 19.Adjust bolt 14 by the rotation radial load, size that can linear regulation simulation radial load load.For reliable and stable transmission simulation radial load load, radial load guide rod 17 is contained in the radial load guide pin bushing 18, and radial load guide pin bushing 18 is fixed on the radial load charger supporting mass 19.
The hot error testing pilot system of main shaft comprises sensor installation subsystem and test data collection analysis subsystem.Wherein sensor installation subsystem comprises thermal resistance 5 that is installed in main shaft 1 detected part and the eddy current displacement sensor 9 that is installed on the sensor stand 3.
Above-mentioned thermal resistance 5 is installed in the magnetic support 4, magnetic support 4 comprises magnetosheath 22 and fixed cover 23, magnetosheath 22 is packed in the bottom in the fixed cover 23, top in the fixed cover 23 is provided with screw thread, be used to connect thermal resistance 5, the test lead of thermal resistance 5 and the tested position of main shaft contact or are inlaid in the measured hole that the tested position of main shaft is provided with, and realize the temperature survey at the tested position of main shaft.Magnetic support 4 is adsorbed on the main shaft by the magnetic force of magnetosheath 22.Above-mentioned thermal resistance 5 is connected with data collecting system, and data collecting system is carried out analyzing and processing with transfer of data to computer.
Above-mentioned eddy current displacement sensor 9 is installed on the sensor stand 3, the installation site of 5 eddy current displacement sensors 9 is determined with reference to national standard " GB/T 17421.3-2009 lathe check general rule the 3rd part: fuel factor determine ", above-mentioned 5 eddy current displacement sensors 9 are connected with the displacement measurement instrument, the displacement measurement instrument is connected with data collecting system, and data collecting system is carried out analyzing and processing with transfer of data to computer.Hot error testing system under the hot error testing of above-mentioned main shaft system and the main shaft Light Condition is identical, is not described in detail in this.
The hot error testing pilot system of above-mentioned main shaft is by being installed in the eddy current displacement sensor 9 and the hot error of check rod 6 non-cpntact measurement main shafts on the sensor stand 3, and sensor stand 3 is provided with vertical installed surface 3-1 and horizontal mounting surface 3-2; Charger support 11 is provided with vertical installed surface 11-1 and horizontal mounting surface 11-2.Therefore, the present invention does not need other auxiliary mounting bracket, promptly applicable to simulation loading under the simulated condition load-up condition of vertical installation or horizontally-mounted machine tool chief axis and hot error measure; By the horizontal mounting surface 11-2 of the horizontal mounting surface 3-2 of sensor stand and charger support is fixedlyed connected installation with platen 10 or main shaft testing stand 2, the present invention is applicable to hot error test under the simulated condition load-up condition of horizontal installation machine tool chief axis; By the vertical installed surface 11-1 of the vertical installed surface 3-1 of sensor stand and charger support is fixedlyed connected installation with platen 10 or main shaft testing stand 2, the present invention is applicable to hot error test under the simulated condition load-up condition of vertical installation machine tool chief axis.
The hot error testing pilot system of main shaft is measured temperature by the thermal resistance that is installed in the main shaft detected part, by being installed in eddy current displacement sensor and the hot error of check rod non-cpntact measurement main shaft on the sensor stand, the hot error testing pilot system of simulated condition load main shaft charger and main shaft is installed on platen or the main shaft testing stand simultaneously, simulated condition load main shaft charger applies simulated condition load by contacting with check rod to main shaft, has realized that main shaft simulated condition load loads and the hot error measure of main shaft is carried out synchronously.
The present invention applying simulation torque load and radial load load to main shaft when, the hot error of the temperature at the tested position of synchro measure main shaft and three directions of main shaft; By the comparative analysis of no-load test and load test, draw the hot error of simulated condition load-up condition lower main axis.Its main feature is to utilize magnetic powder brake simulation torque load, utilizes pressure meter simulation radial load, and simulation load is passed to axis system by the check rod that is installed on the main shaft; Adopt thermal resistance to measure main shaft detected part variations in temperature, adopt eddy current displacement sensor to measure spindle deformation; Can realize that main shaft simulated condition load loads and the hot error measure of main shaft is carried out synchronously.This device is applicable to the hot error test of the simulation loading of vertical installation and horizontally-mounted machine tool chief axis, for thermal characteristic and the hot error of research machine tool chief axis under operating loading provides a kind of practicable experimental rig.
Although in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described above; but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiment; the above-mentioned specific embodiment only is schematic; be not restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; not breaking away under the scope situation that aim of the present invention and claim protect, can also make a lot of forms, these all belong within protection scope of the present invention.