CN101968117B - Spiral groove end face seal device with transitional groove wall structure - Google Patents
Spiral groove end face seal device with transitional groove wall structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN101968117B CN101968117B CN201010280284A CN201010280284A CN101968117B CN 101968117 B CN101968117 B CN 101968117B CN 201010280284 A CN201010280284 A CN 201010280284A CN 201010280284 A CN201010280284 A CN 201010280284A CN 101968117 B CN101968117 B CN 101968117B
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- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a spiral groove end face seal device with a transitional groove wall structure, which is arranged between an enclosure and a shaft of a rotary machine and comprises a tubbish shell, wherein the bottom of the shell is provided an open pore; the shaft of a rotary machine penetrates through the pore; a stationary ring is fixedly connected with the shell, provided with a seal end face and comprises a rotary ring; the rotary ring is connected with the shaft, can rotate around the shaft and is provided with a seal end face; the seal end face of the stationary ring is attached to the seal end face of the rotary ring; at least one between the seal end face of the rotary ring and the seal end face of the stationary ring in the fit zone is provided with a group of spiral grooves with transitional groove wall structures; the bottom surfaces of the spiral grooves are parallel to the seal end face and are in smooth transition with the groove wall face; and the transitional groove wall structure refers to that the cross-sectional area of the spiral groove is gradually increased with the increment of groove depth from the bottom surface of the spiral groove. The device of the invention can effectively avoid solid particles from accumulating on the seal end face under the working condition that the solid particles are mixed in the working medium, thereby having a more stable working mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rotary shaft sealing, and particularly relates to a spiral groove end face sealing device with a transition groove wall structure, which can be used on rotary shafts of rotary machines such as compressors, expanding agents, pumps, reaction kettle stirrers and the like.
Background
The known fluid dynamic and static pressure type spiral groove end face sealing device has the defects. For example, since the groove region and the weir region have a steep step-like structure, when solid particles are mixed in the sealing fluid, the solid particles may be accumulated on the step formed by the steep groove wall. The accumulation of particles can cause changes in the links such as end surface micro-morphology, end surface pressure distribution and the like, thereby causing unstable performance of the sealing device.
In end face shallow groove type non-contact dynamic pressure mechanical sealing products, at present, steep groove wall designs are mostly adopted, the designs have the characteristics of intuition and strong capability of generating dynamic pressure effect, and the basic purpose of designers is to generate and improve the dynamic pressure effect between sealing end faces as much as possible, and the dynamic pressure effect is unacceptable for all behaviors which possibly cause the reduction of the dynamic pressure effect. However, solid impurity particles are inevitably mixed in the sealed medium, and the impurity particles are easy to accumulate at a step formed by a steep groove wall, so that the microscopic appearance of the sealing end face is changed, the sealing working state deviates from the normal requirement, and even the mischief of sealing failure is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a spiral groove end face sealing device with a transition groove wall structure, which can effectively avoid the accumulation phenomenon of solid particles on a sealing end face under the working condition that solid particles are mixed in a working medium, so that the spiral groove end face sealing device has a more stable working state.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a spiral groove end sealing device with a transition groove wall structure is arranged between a shell and a shaft 1 of a rotary machine and comprises a barrel-shaped shell 2, the bottom of the shell 2 is provided with a hole, the shaft 1 of the rotary machine penetrates out of the hole, the shell is fixedly connected with a static ring 3, the static ring 3 is provided with a sealing end face, the rotary ring 4 is connected on the shaft 1 and can rotate around the shaft 1, the rotary ring 4 is also provided with a sealing end face, the sealing end face of the static ring 3 is attached to the sealing end face of the rotary ring 4, at least one of the sealing end face of the rotary ring 4 and the sealing end face of the static ring 3 in an attachment area is provided with a group of spiral grooves 5 with the transition groove wall structure, the groove bottom face of the spiral groove 5 is parallel to the sealing end face and the groove bottom face is in smooth transition with the groove, the transitional groove wall structure means that the area of the cross section of the spiral groove 5 is gradually increased from the bottom surface of the spiral groove 5 along with the increase of the depth and the height of the spiral groove.
The spiral groove 5 is one of a single-row spiral groove, a double-row spiral groove or a combination groove of the spiral groove and other groove types.
The molded line of the left and right groove walls of the groove bottom of the spiral groove 5 is one of a logarithmic spiral line, a constant-speed spiral line, an oblique straight line, a broken line or an eccentric arc line.
The helix angle of the helical groove 5 may be constant or may vary, ranging from 0 ° to 90 °.
The wall surface of the spiral groove 5 is a plane or a curved surface.
On the circumferential section of the spiral groove 5, the groove wall is a transition curve, and the space angle between the normal of any point on the transition curve and the normal of the groove bottom surface is less than 45 degrees.
The depth of the spiral groove 5 is constant or variable, and the depth ranges from 0.001 mm to 0.5 mm.
On the high-pressure side or the low-pressure side of the spiral groove 5, an unslotted plane ring belt, namely a sealing dam, is arranged.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention can avoid the low flow rate dead angle caused by the radial flow and the circumferential flow between the sealing end surfaces at the included angle of the vertical wall surface, thereby effectively avoiding the accumulation phenomenon of solid particles caused by the flow dead angle problem, and therefore, the invention has more stable performance under the working condition that the working medium is mixed with the solid particles.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the profile of the helical groove 5 of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of the helical groove 5 of fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the helical groove 5 in fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a schematic plan view of the spiral groove 5 in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic plan view of the spiral groove 5 in embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 5 of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 6 of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic plan view of the helical groove 5 of fig. 9.
Fig. 11 is an enlarged schematic view of the helical groove 5 of fig. 9.
Wherein,
r0-inner radius of sealing end face between rotating ring and stationary ring;
r1-inner radius of spiral groove 5;
r2-outer radius of spiral groove 5;
r3-the outer radius of the sealing end face where the rotating ring and the stationary ring are attached to each other;
rb-radius of equilibrium;
h is the depth of the spiral groove 5;
h-high pressure side, i.e., upstream;
l-low pressure side, i.e., downstream;
g-pumping direction of the spiral groove 5;
α -helix angle;
AB. A "B" -curve;
a 'B' -a straight line;
p, P "-the tangent point of the curve and circle;
p' — the tangent point of the line and circle;
c, when the spiral groove 5 is arranged on the end face of the rotating ring, the rotating direction of the rotating ring is rotated;
d, when the spiral groove 5 is arranged on the end face of the stationary ring, the rotating direction of the ring is rotated;
UL-groove wall profiles on the sealing end faces;
DL is a groove wall profile on the bottom surface of the spiral groove 5;
1-a shaft;
2-a housing;
3-stationary ring;
4-rotating ring;
5-spiral groove;
6-sealing dam.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, 3, 4 and 5, the present invention includes a barrel-shaped housing 2, a hole is formed at the bottom of the housing 2, a shaft 1 of a rotating machine penetrates through the hole, a stationary ring 3 is fixedly connected to the housing 2, the stationary ring 3 has a sealing end surface, the present invention further includes a rotating ring 4, the rotating ring 4 is connected to the shaft 1 and can rotate around the shaft 1, the rotating ring 4 also has a sealing end surface, the sealing end surface of the stationary ring 3 is attached to the sealing end surface of the rotating ring 4, a group of spiral grooves 5 with a transitional groove wall structure is arranged on the sealing end surface of the rotating ring 4 in the attachment region, the groove bottom surface of the spiral groove 5 is parallel to the sealing end surface and the groove bottom surface and the groove wall surface are in smooth transition, and the transitional groove wall structure means that the cross-sectional area of the spiral groove 5 is gradually increased along.
In this embodiment, the seal end face of the rotating ring 4 and the seal end face of the stationary ring 3 are bonded to each other, the former being rotatable relative to the latter, the bonding faces of the two being the seal end faces, the outer side of the seal end face being the high pressure side, i.e., the upstream H, and the inner side of the seal end face being the low pressure side, i.e., the downstream L. A spiral groove 5 is provided on the seal end face of the rotating ring 4. At a given spin direction, the helical groove 5 pumps sealing fluid from upstream to downstream in the direction of arrow G. In addition, a flat ring zone, i.e. the ring zone between R0 and R1, is provided on the inner side, i.e. the low pressure side, of the spiral groove 5, and functions as a throttling and parking seal, and may be referred to as a sealing dam 6.
Fig. 3 is a spiral groove pattern diagram. The helical groove 5 has left and right side groove walls, and the line of the helical groove on the seal end face is substantially helical, rather than the exact line mathematically referred to, and may be any curve other than concentric circles and a straight radial line, and the helix angle may be either constant or variable, ranging from 0 ° to 90 °.
Fig. 4 shows the shape and position of the spiral groove 5 with a transitional groove wall structure on the sealing end face, where the outside of the sealing end face is the high pressure side, i.e. upstream H, the inside of the sealing end face is the low pressure side, i.e. downstream L, the groove wall profile on the sealing end face is UL, and the groove wall profile at the groove bottom is DL. Inside the spiral groove 5 is also a planar ring belt, i.e. a sealing dam 6, between R1 and R0, the direction of rotation of which ring is in the direction of C in this embodiment.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of one of the spiral grooves 5 of fig. 4, particularly schematically illustrating the transition of the side wall surface and the bottom surface of the spiral groove 5. The side wall surface of the spiral groove 5 may be a flat surface or a curved surface. On the circumferential section of the spiral groove 5, the transition curve of the groove wall can be in any shape, and can be a straight line or a smooth curve, but the space angle between the normal of the transition curve and the normal of the bottom surface of the spiral groove 5 is ensured to be less than 45 degrees.
The dotted lines in fig. 4 and 5 indicate the inner and outer circles of the seal end surfaces between the rotating ring and the stationary ring. The effective radial height of the helical groove 5 in fig. 4 and 5 is (R3-R1).
In the invention, the groove wall molded line on the bottom surface of the spiral groove 5 is the same as the sidewall molded line of the spiral groove 5 in a steep form, and three sidewalls forming the spiral groove 5 are in a transitional groove wall structure form, namely, on the circumferential section of the spiral groove 5, the groove wall is a transitional curve, and the space angle between the normal of any point on the transitional curve and the normal of the groove bottom surface is less than 45 degrees. The section area of the spiral groove 5 in the equal depth is gradually increased along with the increase of the depth of the spiral groove 5 from the bottom surface, and the spiral groove has the geometrical characteristic of gradually contracting with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part. When the sealing fluid enters the spiral groove 5 to move, because the transition of the connection part of each groove wall surface and the bottom surface is approximately smooth, the flowing dead angle caused by the sudden change of the structure angle does not exist, and therefore solid particles mixed in the fluid are not easy to accumulate in the spiral groove 5.
Example two
The present embodiment differs from the first embodiment only in that the spiral groove 5 is provided on the sealing end face of the stationary ring, as shown in fig. 2. Here, the rotating direction of the rotating ring 4 facing the spiral groove 5 is the direction D, as shown in fig. 4.
EXAMPLE III
The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment only in that the spiral grooves 5 are provided on both the seal end surface of the stationary ring 3 and the seal end surface of the rotating ring 4, and the spiral grooves 5 on both are in a "face-to-face" state after being bonded.
Example four
The present embodiment has the same structure as the first, second and third embodiments, except for the change of the spiral groove 5 on the sealing end surface, in this case, the spiral groove 5 is a combination of a circular groove with a transitional groove wall structure and a single row of spiral grooves with a transitional groove wall structure, as shown in fig. 6.
EXAMPLE five
The present embodiment has the same structure as the first, second and third embodiments, except for the change of the spiral groove 5 on the sealing end surface, in this case, the spiral groove 5 is a combination of a circular groove with a transitional groove wall structure and a double-row spiral groove with a transitional groove wall structure, as shown in fig. 7.
EXAMPLE six
As shown in fig. 8, 10 and 11, the present embodiment is different from the embodiment only in that the inner side of the seal end surface in the present embodiment is a high pressure side, i.e., an upstream H ', and the outer side thereof is a low pressure side, i.e., a downstream L'. A spiral groove 5 is provided on the seal end face of the rotating ring. At a given rotation direction, the helical groove 5 pumps the sealing fluid from upstream to downstream in the direction of arrow G'. In addition, a plane ring zone, namely a ring zone between R4 and R5, namely a sealing dam 6 is arranged on the inner side of the spiral groove 5, as shown in figure 8.
Fig. 10 shows the shape and position of the spiral groove 5 on the seal end face. The effective radial height of the helical groove 5 in this figure is (R5-R7). In fig. 10 and 11, dotted lines indicate inner and outer circles of seal end surfaces that are in contact with each other between the rotating ring 4 and the stationary ring 3. In fig. 10 and 11, the profile of the spiral groove 5 on the sealing end surface and at the groove bottom corresponds to the groove of the rotating ring 4, and the rotation direction is C'; the groove wall molded line at the groove bottom is the same as the groove wall molded line of the steep spiral groove 5, and three side walls forming the spiral groove 5 are in a transition groove wall structure form, namely, on the circumferential section of the spiral groove 5, the groove wall is a transition curve, and the space angle between the normal of any point on the transition curve and the normal of the groove bottom surface is less than 45 degrees. The section area of the spiral groove 5 in the equal depth is gradually increased along with the increase of the depth and the height of the spiral groove 5 from the bottom surface of the spiral groove, and a three-dimensional gradually-converging spiral groove structure with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part is formed.
FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of one of the helicoidal grooves 5 of FIG. 10, particularly schematically illustrating a gradual transition of the walls of the helicoidal groove 5. The side wall surface of the spiral groove 5 may be a flat surface or a curved surface. On the circumferential section of the spiral groove 5, the transition curve of the groove wall may be any shape, either straight or curved, but the space angle between the normal of the transition curve and the normal of the bottom surface of the spiral groove 5 is ensured to be less than 45 °.
EXAMPLE seven
The present embodiment is different from the fourth embodiment only in that the spiral groove 5 is provided on the seal end face of the stationary ring 3, as shown in fig. 9.
In the invention, the groove wall molded line at the groove bottom is the same as the groove wall molded line of the steep spiral groove 5; each side wall surface forming the spiral groove 5 can be a plane or a curved surface; on the circumferential section of the spiral groove 5, the groove wall is a transition curve, and the space angle between the normal of any point on the transition curve and the normal of the groove bottom surface is less than 45 degrees; the spiral groove 5 formed by the groove walls has the characteristic of being wide at the top and narrow at the bottom in the groove depth direction, so that the possibility of accumulation of solid particle impurities in the sealing fluid at the corner between the wall surface and the bottom surface can be effectively reduced, and the sealing device can work more stably under the condition that the sealing fluid is mixed with the solid impurity particles.
The general layout of the seal embodying the invention may take a variety of forms: single seal, face-to-face double seal, back-to-back double seal, two-stage tandem seal, three-stage tandem seal, seal combining double seal with single seal or single seal with two-stage tandem seal, etc.
As described in the background art, there has long been a technical prejudice among the skilled man that any structure that may cause a reduction in the dynamic pressure effect between the sealing end faces is regarded as unacceptable, considering that the greater the dynamic pressure effect between the sealing end faces the better, and therefore most designers neglect the inevitable inclusion of solid foreign particles in the medium to be sealed, or, recognizing the presence of foreign particles, think of losing a small amount of the dynamic pressure effect in exchange for the operational stability of the seal. In the invention, although the spiral groove 5 with a transitional groove wall structure causes less loss of dynamic pressure effect between the sealing end surfaces, the possibility of accumulation of solid impurity particles in the groove channel can be effectively reduced and avoided, thereby improving the stability of sealing operation, obtaining unexpected technical results and overcoming the long-standing technical prejudice. The results of experimental tests and theoretical calculations show that the loss of the dynamic pressure effect does not substantially affect the overall operation of the sealing device.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a helicla flute end face seal device with transition cell wall structure, set up between rotary machine's casing and axle (1), casing (2) including tubbiness, casing (2) bottom trompil, rotary machine's axle (1) is worn out from the hole, fixed connection stationary ring (3) are gone up in casing (2), stationary ring (3) have a seal face, still include a rotatory ring (4), rotatory ring (4) are connected on axle (1) and can be rotated around axle (1), rotatory ring (4) also have a seal face, the seal face of stationary ring (3) is laminated with the seal face of rotatory ring (4) mutually, its characterized in that: a group of spiral grooves (5) with transition groove wall structures are arranged on at least one of the sealing end face of the rotary ring (4) and the sealing end face of the static ring (3) in the attachment area, the groove bottom faces of the spiral grooves (5) are parallel to the sealing end faces, and the groove bottom faces and the groove wall faces are in smooth transition, wherein the transition groove wall structures are that the cross-sectional areas of the spiral grooves (5) are gradually increased along with the increase of the groove depth and height from the groove bottom faces of the spiral grooves (5).
2. The spiral groove end face sealing device with the transitional groove wall structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the left and right groove wall molded lines at the bottom of the spiral groove (5) are one of logarithmic spiral lines, constant-speed spiral lines, oblique straight lines, broken lines or eccentric circular arc lines.
3. A helicoidal groove end face seal with a transitional groove wall structure, as per claim 1, characterized in that the helix angle of the helicoidal groove (5) is constant or variable, ranging from 0 ° to 90 °.
4. A spiral groove end face seal with a transitional groove wall structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the groove wall surface of the spiral groove (5) is a plane or a curved surface.
5. A helicoidal groove end face seal with a transitional groove wall configuration, as per claim 1, characterized in that in said helicoidal groove (5) in circumferential section, the groove wall is a transitional curve with a spatial angle of less than 45 ° between any point normal on the transitional curve and the groove bottom surface normal.
6. A spiral groove end face seal with a transitional groove wall structure as defined in claim 1, wherein the depth of the spiral groove (5) is constant or variable, and the depth is in the range of 0.001-0.5 mm.
7. A helicoidal groove end face seal with a transitional wall structure, according to claim 1, characterised in that there is also an unslotted flat zone, the sealing dam (6), on the high pressure side or the low pressure side of the helicoidal groove (5).
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CN201010280284A CN101968117B (en) | 2010-09-13 | 2010-09-13 | Spiral groove end face seal device with transitional groove wall structure |
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CN201010280284A CN101968117B (en) | 2010-09-13 | 2010-09-13 | Spiral groove end face seal device with transitional groove wall structure |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106812947A (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2017-06-09 | 四川日机密封件股份有限公司 | The non-contacting mechanical seal ring of combined fluid dynamic pressure groove |
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CN103133696A (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2013-06-05 | 江苏大学 | Dynamic pressure mechanical sealing ring for automatically draining particle type fluids |
CN104896099A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-09-09 | 浙江工业大学 | Gas lubrication cluster spiral groove end face mechanical sealing structure |
CN110566794B (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2020-12-08 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | Lubricating structure and mechanical lubricating device with same |
CN117366002A (en) * | 2023-11-13 | 2024-01-09 | 烟台东德实业有限公司 | High-pressure air seal waterproof method for worm end of high-speed centrifugal compressor |
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EP0369295A1 (en) * | 1988-11-18 | 1990-05-23 | Feodor Burgmann Dichtungswerke GmbH & Co. | Sliding annular seal |
EP0935086A2 (en) * | 1998-02-06 | 1999-08-11 | John Crane Inc. | Gas lubricated slow speed seal |
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CN201306445Y (en) * | 2008-10-16 | 2009-09-09 | 东营海森密封技术有限责任公司 | Liquid film lubrication double end surface non-contact mechanical seal device |
CN201818792U (en) * | 2010-09-13 | 2011-05-04 | 清华大学 | End surface sealing device |
Family Cites Families (1)
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PL187630B1 (en) * | 1998-12-10 | 2004-08-31 | Anga Uszczelnienia Mechaniczne | Contactless mechanical end-face seal |
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2010
- 2010-09-13 CN CN201010280284A patent/CN101968117B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
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EP0369295A1 (en) * | 1988-11-18 | 1990-05-23 | Feodor Burgmann Dichtungswerke GmbH & Co. | Sliding annular seal |
EP0935086A2 (en) * | 1998-02-06 | 1999-08-11 | John Crane Inc. | Gas lubricated slow speed seal |
CN1415877A (en) * | 2002-11-07 | 2003-05-07 | 天津新技术产业园区鼎名密封有限公司 | Unit for sealing end surface of 3D helical flute with double helix angles |
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Cited By (1)
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CN106812947A (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2017-06-09 | 四川日机密封件股份有限公司 | The non-contacting mechanical seal ring of combined fluid dynamic pressure groove |
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