Steady plant of poultry and the steady cultural method of fryer
Technical field
The present invention relates to the poultry farming field, be specifically related to steady plant of a kind of poultry and the steady cultural method of fryer.
Background technology
The supply of China's poultry product before reform and open up to the outside world with ticket put on short allowance, nowadays serious predicament in short supply develop into meat occupancy volume (9.1 ㎏) per capita and surpass the grand occasion of world average level near world average level (10.8 ㎏), eggs occupancy volume per person, this mainly gives the credit to the develop rapidly of China's poultry industry.
But in recent years,, make livestock and poultry pestilence because the scale of aquaculture develops with livestock and poultry and products thereof circulation industry rapidly, particularly bird flu etc. greatly eqpidemic disease frequently take place, caused the worry of people thus to livestock and poultry and products thereof safety problem.And produce pollution-free, noresidue, nuisanceless meat poultry product harmless to human health, the high-quality and safety health is the basic demand of current society.Exist eqpidemic disease to threaten and the lower puzzlement of the level of production at China's poultry breeding scale always, be difficult to stable development.Its main cause is that the pouity dwelling place construction is unreasonable, and feeding facility is simple and easy, and the pouity dwelling place ventilation condition is poor, and the sterilization poor management causes eqpidemic disease to infect easily.To the ignorance of herding engineerings such as plant's addressing and architectural design, make the pouity dwelling place environment be difficult to control, Antiepidemic sterilizing can not thoroughly carry out, and buries potential safety hazard to chicken house.And plant's construction is investment in fixed assets, in whole breed investment, occupies very big proportion, just is not easy reconstruction in case build up, if will reconstruct, certainly will result in greater loss.And a large amount of breed facts have proved, cultures under the condition that guarantees with control measures at all other, and the quality that pouity dwelling place designs directly affects the height of breeding production level.
Influence the poultry productivity and the meat qualitative factor is a lot, except that feed nutrition, also have factors such as kind, ventilation, illumination.Therefore, reduce production costs, increase the benefit of raising chickens, make the productivity of poultry be able to give full play to, produce high-quality product, just must do environment control well.The environment control that poultry is cultured mainly comprises the inside and outside two parts of pouity dwelling place.House external environment control mainly comprises site layout and hen house structure, offal treatment etc.; Environment control mainly comprises the links such as selection, ventilation, illumination, feed, drinking-water, temperature, humidity of chick in the house.At present popularizing with technology such as feed nutrition of China's breeding had very big progress, but raise chickens hen house facility and the environment controlling technique progress of China are slow.
At present, many plants adopt gravity-flow ventilation and transversal ventilation more, and its shortcoming is to need blower fan quantity too many; Power consumption is big, and wind speed is low, and air-flow is inhomogeneous; Environment intersects each other between, and is seriously polluted, the livestock and poultry house longitudinal ventilation new technology of research and development at end of the eighties 21 century; In solving dissimilar livestock and poultry houses the dead corner problem, guarantee airflow homogeneity, the aspects such as mutual infection, raising health and epidemic prevention that reduce a my humble abode have obtained very big effect; Be incubated, add aspect the gentle cooling at hen house; The enforcement period of the ninth five-year plan has been researched and developed heat pipe and board-like two kinds of winter ventilations ventilation heat-energy recovering apparatus; To improve the temperature of the fresh air in the inlet chamber, alleviated the contradictory problems of livestock and poultry house winter ventilation and insulation to a certain extent.
Existing plant operation energy consumption is big, aquaculture cost high, the interior uppity hard nut to crack of environment of house yet above-mentioned improvement and innovation still fail to solve.Promote the sustainable development of poultry industry, must proceed reform and innovation, could further cut down the consumption of energy and environment is controlled cost, and then reach the purpose that improves the poultry culture benefit present poultry plant and poultry breeding way.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is a kind ofly to run the steady feed lot of poultry that energy consumption is low, aquaculture cost is low and the breeding environment condition is easy to control, and has provided with this kind feed lot and carry out the method that fryer, meat duck are raised.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
The steady plant of a kind of poultry; A house that comprises some is provided with in said house and cultures plain net and passage, and said passage is vertically laid zone line in the house; Said breed plain net is set up in the zone of these passage both sides; Below said passage, be provided with airway, said airway is communicated to the air inlet that is positioned at the first end of this house windward, and this airway is via cloth gas port even gas distribution in a house of the some that is located at said passage place; Said house front-back wall arranged outside coprodaeum is longitudinally arranged; And above this coprodaeum, be laid with the chimney of bleeding that exceeds a house roof of some; Below said breed plain net, be provided with the corresponding excrement inclined-plane of letting out, leak in the said coprodaeum through the vent fecal-oral of a She Qianggenchu so that drop down onto the brid guano of letting out the excrement inclined-plane.The breed plain net can be distinguished as required to be divided into and be several unit areas.
The air inlet place also can be provided with air filter (purifying air), both air flow modulation mechanism (regulating the ventilation size, control She Neiwen, humidity and composition of air) etc. as required.Ventilation is the effective means of regulating the pouity dwelling place environmental condition, not only can import fresh air, discharges ammonia (NH
3), hydrogen sulphide (H
2S) etc. pernicious gas can also be regulated temperature, humidity.
Be provided with the temperature adjustment grid below the said breed plain net or in said airway; Water feeder and/or stand-by boiler under this temperature adjustment grid ground connection can three-way cut-off valve when being communicated with underground water supply device and stand-by boiler simultaneously come the break-make of controlled water flow.
Said underground water supply device is the towerless water supply device that is arranged in the basement of house one end; Said stand-by boiler is arranged at house one end.
Said to let out the excrement inclined-plane smooth plain, and be provided with droplet water pipe longitudinally in the said position of leaning on most of letting out the excrement inclined-plane.
A house front wall and/or back wall zone on said breed plain net present position are provided with light inlet window; A house front wall and/or back wall zone under said breed plain net present position are provided with subsequent use transom.
Said coprodaeum passes through gradually and to form certain gradient deeply, and passes to stercoroma pond or harmless treatment facility, and said coprodaeum both sides inwall and diapire are plain smooth.
The said chimney of bleeding is coated with heat-sink shell outward, or is directly processed by heat-absorbing material, and the chimney port of bleeding is equipped with rainhat; At said the house vertical every interval 3~4m in top a subsequent use ventilative skylight is set.
In the said chimney of bleeding, be provided with the subsequent use ventilating fan that is complementary.
Be provided with and put the stock ground at said house one end.
Be provided with subsequent use soup blending bin at said house one end, be communicated to drinking-water system water inlet interface, when needs are fowl supply of chemical through drinking-water system, can launch this soup blending bin with the pipeline of band stop valve.
Plant at the said periphery clear area plantation plant height≤1m of plant.
The steady cultural method of a kind of fryer utilizes the steady plant of above-mentioned poultry to culture, and may further comprise the steps:
Stocking density is 30~50/m when (1) brooding for 1 age in week
2, 2 weeks hived off gradually during ages or were diffused as 15~30/m
2, 3 weeks hived off gradually during ages or were diffused as 10~15/m
20~3 age in days adopts 24h illumination, 4~7 ages in days, 22~23h illumination, the illumination of later 18~22h, brood time preceding 1 all illumination intensity 5~10W/m
2, the 2nd week 2~3W/m
2, 3 week back 1~1.5W/m
2Brooding temperature l week is 33~35 ℃, and later temperature is fallen 2~3 ℃ weekly, and 5 weeks back temperature change scope is 19~24 ℃; Brood time relative moisture is controlled to be 60~75%; Young fowl drinking-water temperature is controlled to be 18~25 ℃ before 3 ages in days; And add 5~8% G/Ws, brown sugar water in the drinking-water or in drinking-water, add the electrolysis multidimensional; Drinking-water was whenever changed once at a distance from 6~8 hours, and 4~7 ages in days are used cold water, directly drink with running water or phreatic water later on; Broiler chicks is cultivated in available green or the illumination of light blue colored lights.
(2) breeding stocking density is 8~12/m
2Temperature is 18~23 ℃ in the house, and relative moisture is controlled at 60~65%, and wind speed remains on 0.1~0.4m/s, ventilation 1.8~2.5m in winter
3/ h, summers 7~8 m
3/ h, spring and autumn 3~4m
3/ h; Ventilation and wind speed can carry out comprehensive regulation through the size of air inlet, cloth gas port open area.
(3) fatten 20~22 ℃ of the interior temperature of house, relative moisture is controlled at 55~60%, and through 15~20 days fatten, the fertile degree of chicken met the requirements, and can deliver for sale.General cock 110~120 days, hen was delivered for sale in 130~140 days, and the chicken body weight of delivering for sale this moment is suitable, fine and tender taste, good to eat, the pleasant aroma of delicate flavour, is body weight, meat, cost three's preferable binding site.
The present invention has actively useful effect:
1. the poultry house structure modern design is ingenious; The air that can rely on natural wind (blast effect) and house internal-external temperature difference (hot pressing function) to form flows naturally, and can avoid abominable microclimates such as dead angle and harmful wind occurring, makes the hen house inner air and outer air be able to exchange; Keep the interior air of house pure and fresh throughout the year; And air-flow is even in the steady air current in the house, whole hen house, no dead angle.
2. plant's integral layout is reasonable; Complete function; When ensureing ventilation; Help daylighting, reach implementing of other each item health measure; Each item environmental index control (material, water, light, temperature, wind, space and health) in being convenient to give up is for maximum production, the hereditary potential of poultry performance creates conditions; Help operation and the management of each production phase.
3. the bleed use of chimney can make to form the gas bath type windstream in the house, makes fowl body host property lift-off thalline avoid causing superinfection from body.
4. liquid dung can make brid guano arrange in a row rapidly to house and carries out harmless treatment from heat-extraction system; Both avoided dirty gases such as ammonia, hydrogen sulphide, no protein band thalline be floating and harmful substance volatilization to be floated in the house; Eliminated pollution and source of infection again, and this system can make raising labour intensity greatly reduce.
5. adopt ground temperature supply method, winter temperature is not less than 13 degree in the house, and summer temp is not higher than 26 degree, can make in the house cool in summer and warm in winter.
6. minimizing harmful and foul gas can reduce the livestock and birds respiratory disease incidence widely, and for the prevention other diseases is laid a good foundation, and the sterilization burden alleviates; The health care medication is few, and the breed expense reduces greatly, and the steady epidemic situation of whole breed is few; Power and insulation energy consumption are low, and culture benefit can significantly improve.
7. the present invention side of breed has feed conversion rate height, feed saving, the poultry survival rate is high, disease incident is low and the advantage of efficiency (promptly poultry is raised the number height per capita).
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the steady plant of an a kind of poultry integral layout sketch map;
Fig. 2 is a hen house plane figure sketch map in the steady plant of poultry;
Fig. 3 be hen house cross-sectional view in the steady plant of poultry (along the A-A among Fig. 2 to);
Fig. 4 is an end view in the steady plant of poultry.
1 is hen house among the figure, and 2 is biogas generating pit, and 3 is the warehouse, and 4 are the chimney of bleeding, and 5 are the house internal channel, and 6 is the cloth gas port; 7 for culturing the plain net unit area, and 8 for putting the stock ground, and 9 is stand-by boiler, and 10 is towerless water supply device, and 11 is air inlet, and 12 is coprodaeum; 13 is rainhat, and 14 is vent fecal-oral, and 15 for letting out the excrement inclined-plane, and 16 are the temperature adjustment grid, and 17 is airway, and 18 for culturing plain net; 19 is subsequent use transom, and 20 is light inlet window, and 21 is subsequent use ventilative skylight, and 22 is crossbeam, and 23 is coprodaeum, and 24 are the chimney of bleeding; 25,26 is the droplet water pipe, and 27 for culturing plain net, and 28 for letting out the excrement inclined-plane, and 29 is vent fecal-oral, and 30 is subsequent use soup blending bin.
Embodiment
1 one kinds of steady plants of poultry of embodiment; Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4; A house that comprises some is provided with in said house and cultures plain net 18,27 and passage 5 (wide 1.2m), and breed plain net 18,27 is distinguished as required to be divided into and is several unit areas 7; Passage 5 is vertically laid zone line in the house, cultures the zone that plain net 18,27 is set up in these passage 5 both sides, below passage 5, is provided with airway 17 (wide 1.1m; High 1.7m; Wall is with brick the building of bubble), airway 5 is communicated to air inlet 11 (2.5 * 1.5=3.75 ㎡, the degree of depth 1.8m that is positioned at the first end of this house windward; Can strengthen as required), and this airway 17 is via cloth gas port 6 even gas distribution in a house of the some that is located at said passage place; Be respectively equipped with coprodaeum 12,23 (wide 1.2m suitable for reading longitudinally in said the house front-back wall outside; The wide 1m of end opening; 3% gradient), every bleed chimney 4,24 (internal diameter 70cm, external diameter 80cm of exceeding a house roof that is laid with some at a distance from 3.5m and above every coprodaeum; High 4m, pump down volume is 1.53 m
3, the top rain cap of setting up defences, built-in diameter 60cm ventilating fan is subsequent use), the chimney 4,24 of bleeding is outer to be coated with heat-sink shell, and chimney 4,24 port of bleeding are equipped with rainhat 13; Coprodaeum 12,23 passes through gradually and to form certain gradient deeply, and passes to biogas generating pit 2, and coprodaeum 12 both sides inwalls and diapire are smooth plain; Be provided with the corresponding excrement inclined-plane 15 (being 20 degree slopes) of letting out below the plain net 18 culturing; So that drop down onto let out excrement inclined- plane 15,25 brid guano respectively through vent fecal-oral 14,29 (the high 50cm of a She Qianggenchu; Wide 275cm; Make with the slope) leak in the coprodaeum 12,23, it is smooth plain to let out excrement inclined- plane 14,29, and is provided with droplet water pipe 25,26 longitudinally in the position of leaning on most of letting out excrement inclined- plane 14,29; In airway 17, be provided with temperature adjustment grid 16; (big or small tonnage supplies water according to the whole audience and starts five every day once for well water feeder 10 under these temperature adjustment grid 16 ground connection; Be arranged in the basement of house one end) and stand-by boiler 9 (light-duty boiler, coal and firewood two purpose); Stand-by boiler 9 is arranged at house one end.A house front wall and the corresponding zone of wall, back culturing on plain net 18,27 present positions are provided with light inlet window 20 (high 70cm, wide 70cm, plastic-steel structure, biparting splitting, built-in screen window and steel chimney); House front wall under culturing plain net 18,27 present positions and the corresponding zone of wall, back be provided with subsequent use transom 19 (for outside outward opening, the plastic-steel structure).At a house vertical every interval 3.5m in top a subsequent use ventilative skylight 21 (the caping activity is closed for window 50 * 50cm, high 30cm, interior operation) is set.Also be provided with and put stock ground 8 at house one end.Be provided with subsequent use soup blending bin 30 at house one end, be communicated to drinking-water system water inlet interface, when needs are fowl supply of chemical through drinking-water system, can launch this soup blending bin 30 with the pipeline of band stop valve.
Approach gate is arranged on the higher side of physical features, go out fowl only, go out Fei Men and be arranged on the low end of physical features.Do not establish cross road between house row, the road around the field of wide 3~5m is set in.Last trade (hardening width 3m) and following trade (the hardening width 2m) of road surface sclerosis are set in, and data feedback channel is for advancing people, feeding-passage, and down going channel is for going out fowl, go out the fertilizer passage, and both sides, following trade are provided with wide 0.5m, the sclerosis drain ditch of 0.5m deeply.Close on inside outside the venue that living area, warehouse, power supply room can be laid in road and the higher zone of physical features, auxiliary facility such as between supplying water.
The plant of the periphery clear area plantation plant height≤1m of said plant, like vegetables, medicinal material, herbage etc., but both additional incomes also can guarantee the conversion of the carbonic acid gas and the oxygen of an interior subenvironment, and the while can also only provide an amount of green forage for fowl.
Can excavate perimeter trench (ditch bottom width 3m, wide 5~6m suitable for reading around the plant; Dark 2m), keeps the depth of water in the ditch more than 0.6m, can plant the water plants of the lotus rhizome that has an economic benefit, water caltrop and so in the ditch; And in water, put trash fish in a suitable place to breed, be beneficial to the circularly purifying of water body.
11.245 mu of this plant's floor spaces, 10.11 mu of land areas, wherein road takes up an area of 1.35 mu, and hen house takes up an area of 5.44 mu, and biogas generating pit takes up an area of 0.46 mu, and vegetation is taken up an area of 2.85 mu, can establish 23000 chicken positions, and year is delivered 140000 for sale.
Carry out the method that fryer is cultured with the steady plant of above-mentioned poultry, may further comprise the steps:
Stocking density is 40/m when (1) brooding for 1 age in week
2, 2 weeks hived off gradually during ages or were diffused as 20/m
2, 3 weeks hived off gradually during ages or were diffused as 11~14/m
20~3 age in days adopts 24h illumination, 4~7 ages in days, 22~23h illumination, the illumination of later 18~22h, brood time preceding 1 all illumination intensity 5~10W/m
2, the 2nd week 2~3W/m
2, 3 week back 1~1.5W/m
2Brooding temperature l week is 33~35 ℃, and later temperature is fallen 2~3 ℃ weekly, and 5 weeks back temperature change scope is 19~24 ℃; Brood time relative moisture is controlled to be 60~75%; Young fowl drinking-water temperature is controlled to be 18~25 ℃ before 3 ages in days; And add 5~8% G/Ws, brown sugar water in the drinking-water or in drinking-water, add the electrolysis multidimensional; Drinking-water was whenever changed once at a distance from 6~8 hours, and 4~7 ages in days are used cold water, directly drink with running water or phreatic water later on; Broiler chicks, other same conventional method are cultivated in available green or the illumination of light blue colored lights.
(2) breeding stocking density is 8~12/m
2Temperature is 18~23 ℃ in the house, and relative moisture is controlled at 60~65%, and wind speed remains on 0.1~0.4m/s, ventilation 1.8~2.5m in winter
3/ h, summers 7~8 m
3/ h, spring and autumn 3~4m
3/ h; Other same conventional method.
(3) fatten 20~22 ℃ of the interior temperature of house, relative moisture is controlled at 55~60%, other same conventional method, and through 15~20 days fatten, the fertile degree of chicken met the requirements, and can deliver for sale.General cock 110~120 days, hen was delivered for sale in 130~140 days, and the chicken body weight of delivering for sale this moment is suitable, fine and tender taste, good to eat, the pleasant aroma of delicate flavour, is body weight, meat, cost three's preferable binding site.
2 one kinds of steady plants of poultry of embodiment, basic identical with embodiment 1, difference is: said temperature adjustment grid is arranged on the below of culturing plain net.