CN101954857B - 用于混合动力车的传动系 - Google Patents

用于混合动力车的传动系 Download PDF

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CN101954857B
CN101954857B CN200910258455.2A CN200910258455A CN101954857B CN 101954857 B CN101954857 B CN 101954857B CN 200910258455 A CN200910258455 A CN 200910258455A CN 101954857 B CN101954857 B CN 101954857B
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planet gear
rotating element
gear
compound planet
clutch
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CN101954857A (zh
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徐罡寿
梁虎林
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Hyundai Motor Co
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Hyundai Motor Co
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445Differential gearing distribution type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/727Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path
    • F16H3/728Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path with means to change ratio in the mechanical gearing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H37/00Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0833Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
    • F16H37/084Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths at least one power path being a continuously variable transmission, i.e. CVT
    • F16H2037/0866Power split variators with distributing differentials, with the output of the CVT connected or connectable to the output shaft
    • F16H2037/0873Power split variators with distributing differentials, with the output of the CVT connected or connectable to the output shaft with switching, e.g. to change ranges
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H37/00Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/10Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts
    • F16H2037/103Power split variators with each end of the CVT connected or connectable to a Ravigneaux set
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H37/00Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/10Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts
    • F16H2037/105Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts characterised by number of modes or ranges, e.g. for compound gearing
    • F16H2037/107Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts characterised by number of modes or ranges, e.g. for compound gearing with switching means to provide three variator modes or ranges
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2200/00Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/003Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
    • F16H2200/0047Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising five forward speeds
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2200/00Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2002Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
    • F16H2200/2007Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with two sets of orbital gears
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2200/00Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/202Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the type of Ravigneaux set
    • F16H2200/2023Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the type of Ravigneaux set using a Ravigneaux set with 4 connections
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2200/00Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2043Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with five engaging means
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明可以通过仅使用塔阶式小齿轮行星齿轮组中的一组、单小齿轮行星齿轮组中的一组、三个离合器和两个制动器而获得具有输入分流模式、输出分流模式和复杂分流模式的混合动力模式,可以通过实现五档固定齿轮比模式而保证具有紧凑配置的车辆空间并降低成本,并且可以通过根据车辆的行驶状态改变模式而获得连续的变速齿轮比并提高车辆的燃料效率。此外,由于通过提高***的性能而使得有可能在相同状态下降低对电动发电机所要求的性能,所以有可能降低车辆的成本。因此,本发明提供了能够有助于降低车辆成本的用于混合动力车的传动系。

Description

用于混合动力车的传动系
技术领域
本公开涉及一种用于混合动力车的传动系,更详细地涉及一种用于使用发动机和由电力驱动的电动发电机作为向驱动轮提供驱动力的动力源的混合动力车的传动系结构,其中发动机是内燃发动机。
背景技术
基于在低速时利用来自具有相对优良的低速扭矩特性的电动发电机的动力驱动车辆,并且在高速时利用来自具有相对优良的高速特性的发动机的动力驱动车辆的技术,使用发动机和电动发电机的混合动力车通过实现怠速停止(idle stop)和再生制动的功能来提高车辆的燃料效率。
此外,当仅由电动发电机来驱动时,混合动力车不产生来自发动机的废气,这被认为是具有提高燃料效率和减少废气的优点的环境友好型车辆技术。
要求用于混合动力车的传动系提供足够的驱动力和高燃料效率。
本背景技术部分中公开的信息只是为了增强对本发明的一般背景的理解,并且不应被当作是承认或以任何形式暗示该信息形成了本领域技术人员已经知晓的现有技术。
发明内容
本发明的各方面旨在提供一种用于混合动力车的传动系,其通过实现基于功率分流类型的复合模式,提供多个固定齿轮比(诸如变速器的变速档(shift stage)),并允许车辆根据车辆的行驶状态以各种行驶模式组成的复合模式行驶,使得有可能保证车辆在整个驱动区域具有足够的驱动力并且提高燃料效率。
在一个方面中,本发明提供了一种用于混合动力车的传动系,包括:具有至少四个独立的旋转元件的第一行星齿轮组,所述至少四个独立的旋转元件中的一个连接于输入轴;具有连接于输出元件的旋转元件的第二行星齿轮组;配置成选择性地连接第一行星齿轮组的两个旋转元件的第一离合器;配置成选择性地连接第一行星齿轮组的一个旋转元件和第二行星齿轮组的一个旋转元件的第二离合器;配置成选择性地连接第一行星齿轮组的另一旋转元件和第二行星齿轮组的另一旋转元件的第三离合器;配置成对第二行星齿轮组的一个旋转元件的旋转进行限制的第一制动器;配置成对第二行星齿轮组的另一旋转元件的旋转进行限制的第二制动器;以及被连接以向第一行星齿轮组和第二行星齿轮组提供驱动力的至少两个或更多个动力源。
优选地,第二离合器可以布置在第一行星齿轮组的与第一离合器连接的旋转元件和第二行星齿轮组的旋转元件之间,第一制动器可以被连接以对第二行星齿轮组的与第二离合器连接的旋转元件进行限制,并且第二制动器可以被连接以对第二行星齿轮组的与第三离合器连接的旋转元件进行限制。在这种情况下,动力源可以包括连接于输入轴的发动机,与第一行星齿轮组的旋转元件连接的第一电动发电机,以及与第二行星齿轮组的旋转元件连接的第二电动发电机。此外,第一电动发电机可以直接连接于第一行星齿轮组的旋转元件中的任何一个,选择性地连接于另一个,并且选择性地连接于第二行星齿轮组的旋转元件中的任何一个,并且第二电动发电机可以连接于第二行星齿轮组的与第二制动器连接的旋转元件。适合地,第一行星齿轮组可以具有由两个塔阶组成的塔阶式小齿轮,包括分别与塔阶式小齿轮的塔阶啮合的第一环形齿轮A和第一环形齿轮B,并且第二行星齿轮组可以是具有三个旋转元件的单小齿轮行星齿轮组。在这种情况下,输入轴可以连接于第一行星齿轮组的作为塔阶式小齿轮的旋转轴的第一支架,并且输出元件可以连接于第二行星齿轮组的未连接于第一制动器和第二制动器的旋转元件。
适合地,在这种情况下,第一行星齿轮组的第一中心齿轮可以连接于第一电动发电机,第一支架可以连接于发动机,第一环形齿轮A可以通过第一离合器连接于第一电动发电机,并且第一环形齿轮B可以通过第三离合器连接于第二行星齿轮组。此外,第二行星齿轮组的第二中心齿轮可以与第二电动发电机和第二制动器连接,同时通过第三离合器连接于第一行星齿轮组,第二行星齿轮组的第二支架可以与输出元件连接,并且第二行星齿轮组的第二环形齿轮可以连接于第一制动器,同时通过第二离合器连接于第一电动发电机。在这种情况下,第一环形齿轮A可以与第一行星齿轮组的塔阶式小齿轮的具有相对小的直径的小齿轮啮合,并且第一环形齿轮B可以与具有相对大的直径的小齿轮啮合。
在另一方面中,本发明提供了一种用于混合动力车的传动系,包括:接收来自发动机的动力的输入轴;输出动力的输出元件;与输入轴连接并且具有第一数量的旋转元件的第一行星齿轮组;与第一行星齿轮组同轴布置、与输出元件连接并且具有第二数量的旋转元件的第二行星齿轮组;配置成选择性地连接第一行星齿轮组的两个元件的第一离合器;配置成选择性地连接第一行星齿轮组的一个旋转元件和第二行星齿轮组的一个旋转元件的第二离合器;配置成选择性地连接第一行星齿轮组的另一旋转元件和第二行星齿轮组的另一旋转元件的第三离合器;配置成对第二行星齿轮组的一个旋转元件的旋转进行限制的第一制动器;以及配置成对第二行星齿轮组的另一旋转元件的旋转进行限制的第二制动器。
优选地,第一行星齿轮组可以具有四个旋转元件,该四个旋转元件包括由两个塔阶组成的塔阶式小齿轮,第二行星齿轮组可以是包括三个旋转元件的单小齿轮行星齿轮组,第二行星齿轮组的连接于第一制动器的旋转元件可以通过第二离合器连接于第一行星齿轮组的旋转元件,并且第二行星齿轮组的连接于第二制动器的旋转元件可以通过第三离合器连接于第一行星齿轮组的旋转元件。在这种情况下,发动机可以连接于第一行星齿轮组的第一支架,第一电动发电机可以直接连接于第一行星齿轮组的第一中心齿轮,并通过第二离合器连接于第二行星齿轮组的第二环形齿轮,第二电动发电机可以连接于第二行星齿轮组的第二中心齿轮,第一制动器可以连接于第二行星齿轮组的第二环形齿轮,第二制动器可以连接于第二行星齿轮组的第二中心齿轮,并且输出元件可以连接于第二行星齿轮组的第二支架。此外,适合地,第一环形齿轮A可以与塔阶式小齿轮的具有相对小的直径的小齿轮啮合,并且第一环形齿轮B可以与具有相对大的直径的小齿轮啮合,第一环形齿轮A可以通过第一离合器连接于第一电动发电机,并且第一环形齿轮B可以通过第三离合器连接于第二行星齿轮组的第二中心齿轮。
根据本发明的用于混合动力车的传动系可以通过仅使用塔阶式小齿轮行星齿轮组中的一组、单小齿轮行星齿轮组中的一组、三个离合器和两个制动器而获得具有输入分流模式、输出分流模式和复杂分流模式的混合动力模式,可以通过实现五档固定齿轮比模式而保证具有紧凑配置的车辆空间并降低成本,并且可以通过根据车辆的行驶状态改变模式而获得连续的变速齿轮比并提高车辆的燃料效率。此外,由于通过提高***的性能而使得有可能在相同状态下降低对电动发电机所要求的性能,所以有可能降低车辆的成本。
以上及其它特征和优点将在结合在本文中的附图以及一起用于解释本发明的某些原理的本发明的以下详细描述中体现或更详细地阐述。
附图说明
图1是示出根据本发明的用于混合动力车的传动系的配置的示图;
图2是在图1中示出的用于混合动力车的传动系的简单杠杆图;
图3是示出图1的传动系的操作模式的示图;
图4是示出图1的传动系的第一固定齿轮比模式中的操作的杠杆分析图;
图5是示出图1的传动系的第二固定齿轮比模式中的操作的杠杆分析图;
图6是示出图1的传动系的第三固定齿轮比模式中的操作的杠杆分析图;
图7是示出图1的传动系的第五固定齿轮比模式中的操作的杠杆分析图。
具体实施方式
现在将详细参考本发明的各种实施例,其实例在附图中示出并在下面描述。虽然将结合示例性实施例来描述本发明,但应理解的是,本说明并非旨在将本发明限于那些示例性实施例。相反,本发明旨在不仅涵盖这些示例性实施例,而且涵盖可包括在所附权利要求所限定的本发明的精神和范围内的各种替代形式、改型、等效形式和其它实施例。
参考图1,根据本发明的一实施例的传动系包括:具有四个独立的旋转元件的第一行星齿轮组PG1,所述四个独立的旋转元件中的一个连接于输入轴IN;具有旋转元件的第二行星齿轮组PG2,所述旋转元件中的一个连接于输出元件;布置成选择性地连接第一行星齿轮组PG1的两个旋转元件的第一离合器CL1;布置成分别选择性地连接第一行星齿轮组PG1和第二行星齿轮组PG2的两个旋转元件的第二离合器CL2和第三离合器CL3;设置成对第二行星齿轮组PG2的两个旋转元件的旋转进行限制的第一制动器BK1和第二制动器BK2;以及被连接以向第一行星齿轮组PG1和第二行星齿轮组PG2提供驱动力的至少两个或更多个动力源。
第二离合器CL2布置在第一行星齿轮组PG1的与第一离合器CL1连接的旋转元件和第二行星齿轮组PG2的旋转元件之间。第一制动器BK1被连接以对第二行星齿轮组PG2的与第二离合器CL2连接的旋转元件进行限制。第二制动器BK2布置成对第二行星齿轮组PG2的与第三离合器CL3连接的旋转元件进行限制。
动力源包括连接于输入轴IN的发动机ENG,与第一行星齿轮组PG1的旋转元件连接的第一电动发电机MG1,以及与第二行星齿轮组PG2的旋转元件连接的第二电动发电机MG2。
即,第一电动发电机MG1直接连接于第一行星齿轮组PG1的旋转元件中的任何一个,以便选择性地连接于另一个。第一电动发电机MG1也选择性地连接于第二行星齿轮组PG2的旋转元件中的任何一个。
此外,第二电动发电机MG2连接于第二行星齿轮组PG2的与第二制动器BK2连接的旋转元件。
输出元件OUT通过主传动齿轮(final gear)连接于车辆的驱动轮以传送动力,该动力从发动机ENG、第一电动发电机MG1和第二电动发电机MG2通过第一行星齿轮组PG1和第二行星齿轮组PG2传送至驱动轮。
此外,高电压电池通过逆变器连接于第一电动发电机MG1和第二电动发电机MG2,使得它们可以在再生制动过程中给高电压电池充电并分别使用高电压电池的电力产生驱动力。
优选地,第一行星齿轮组PG1具有由两个塔阶组成的塔阶式小齿轮(stepped pinion),包括分别与塔阶式小齿轮的塔阶啮合的第一环形齿轮A R1A和第一环形齿轮B R1B,并且第二行星齿轮组PG2是具有三个旋转元件的单小齿轮行星齿轮组。
输入轴IN连接于第一行星齿轮组PG1的作为塔阶式小齿轮的旋转轴的第一支架C1,输出元件OUT连接于第二行星齿轮组PG2的未连接于第一制动器BK1和第二制动器BK2的旋转元件。
即,第一行星齿轮组PG1的第一中心齿轮S1连接于第一电动发电机MG1,第一支架C1连接于发动机ENG,第一环形齿轮AR1A通过第一离合器CL1连接于第一电动发电机MG1,并且第一环形齿轮BR1B通过第三离合器CL3连接于第二行星齿轮组PG2。
第二行星齿轮组PG2的第二中心齿轮S2与第二电动发电机MG2和第二制动器BK2连接,同时通过第三离合器CL3连接于第一行星齿轮组PG1,第二行星齿轮组PG2的第二支架C2与输出元件OUT连接,并且第二行星齿轮组PG2的第二环形齿轮R2连接于第一制动器BK1,同时通过第二离合器CL2连接于第一电动发电机MG1。
在该配置中,第一环形齿轮A R1A与塔阶式小齿轮的具有相对小的直径的小齿轮啮合,并且第一环形齿轮B R1B与具有相对大的直径的小齿轮啮合。
在下文中参考图3描述具有上述配置的传动系的操作模式。
如图3中所示,传动系可以以第一至第五档固定齿轮比模式、输入分流模式、输出分流模式和复合分流模式(multiple split mode)工作。
第一档固定齿轮比模式是通过接合第一离合器CL1、第三离合器CL3和第一制动器BK1并使第二离合器CL2和第二制动器BK2脱离接合而获得的,在该模式中,实现变速齿轮比A,其是传动系可以获得的最高变速齿轮比。
即,当第一离合器CL1接合时,第一中心齿轮S1和第一环形齿轮A R1A被直接连接,并且在它们之间啮合的塔阶式小齿轮不能旋转。第一环形齿轮B R1B与第一中心齿轮S1和第一环形齿轮A R1A整体地连接。结果,第一行星齿轮组PG1的所有旋转元件被整体地连接。当第三离合器CL3接合时,第一行星齿轮组PG1连接于第二行星齿轮组PG2的第二中心齿轮S2。在该状态下,第一制动器BK1被接合以固定第二行星齿轮组PG2的第二环形齿轮R2。因此,实现了图4中示出的杠杆分析图。在该模式下,来自发动机ENG的动力被减小至变速齿轮比A,然后通过第二支架C2输出至输出元件OUT。
第二档固定齿轮比模式是通过接合第二离合器CL2、第三离合器CL3和第一制动器BK1并使其它元件脱离接合而获得的,在该模式中,实现小于变速齿轮比A的变速齿轮比B。
即,第一中心齿轮S2和第二中心齿轮R2通过第二离合器CL2彼此啮合并通过第一制动器BK1被固定,并且第二中心齿轮S2和第一环形齿轮B R1B通过第三离合器CL3啮合,使得第一行星齿轮组PG1和第二行星齿轮组PG2形成一端固定的单个直杠杆,并且来自发动机ENG的输入通过第二支架C2以变速齿轮比B输出,如图5中所示。
第三档固定齿轮比模式是通过接合第一离合器CL1、第二离合器CL2和第二制动器BK2而获得的。如图6中所示,第一行星齿轮组PG1的旋转元件通过第一离合器CL1整体地连接,并且还通过第二离合器CL2与第二环形齿轮R2整体地连接,在该模式中,第二行星齿轮组PG2的第二中心齿轮S2通过第二制动器BK2固定,使得施加到第二环形齿轮R2的来自发动机ENG的动力根据第二行星齿轮组PG2的齿轮比,以小于变速齿轮比B的变速齿轮比C通过第二支架C2输出。
第四档固定齿轮比模式是通过接合第一离合器CL1、第二离合器CL2和第三离合器CL3而获得的。第一行星齿轮组PG1的所有旋转元件通过第一离合器CL1整体地连接,第一中心齿轮S1通过第二离合器CL2与第二环形齿轮R2连接,第一环形齿轮B R1B通过第三离合器CL3与第二中心齿轮S2连接。结果,第二行星齿轮组PG2的所有旋转元件被整体地锁定至第一行星齿轮组PG1的旋转元件,使得从发动机ENG传送至第一支架C1的动力通过第二行星齿轮组PG2的第二支架C2以变速齿轮比D输出,其中变速齿轮比D是1∶1的变速齿轮比,D<C。
第五档固定齿轮比模式是通过接合第二离合器CL2、第三离合器CL3和第二制动器BK2而获得的。即,第二环形齿轮R2和第一中心齿轮S1通过第二离合器CL2啮合,并且第一环形齿轮B R1B和第二中心齿轮S2通过第三离合器CL3啮合,使得获得了图7中示出的杠杆分析图,其中第一行星齿轮组PG1和第二行星齿轮组PG2以各自的齿轮比重叠为一直线。因此,施加到第一支架C1的来自发动机ENG的动力通过第二支架C2以增加的变速齿轮比E输出。
另一方面,输入分流模式是通过接合第三离合器CL3和第一制动器BK1并使其它元件脱离接合而获得的。在该模式下,连接于第二中心齿轮S2的第二电动发电机MG2以第二行星齿轮组PG2的固定齿轮比连接于第二支架C2,结果,它与输出元件OUT连接。该模式可以在低速下以高变速齿轮比使用。
输出分流模式是通过接合第一离合器CL1和第二离合器CL2并使其它元件脱离接合而获得的。在该模式下,第二环形齿轮R2和第一中心齿轮S1通过第二离合器CL2被整体地连接,并且第一行星齿轮组PG1的所有旋转元件通过第一离合器CL1被整体地连接,使得第一电动发电机MG1与发动机ENG直接连接。该模式可以在中速下以中等变速齿轮比使用。
复合(复杂)分流模式是通过接合第二离合器CL2和第三离合器CL3而获得的。在该模式下,第一中心齿轮S1和第二环形齿轮R2通过第二离合器CL2直接连接,并且第一环形齿轮B R1B和第二中心齿轮S2通过第三离合器CL3直接连接,使得第一行星齿轮组PG1和第二行星齿轮组PG2形成两端都重叠为自由直线的杠杆分析图,并且发动机ENG的输入和第二支架C2的输出被布置成与连接于第一中心齿轮S1的第一电动发电机MG1相隔开,并且还与连接于第二中心齿轮S2的第二电动发电机MG2相隔开。该复杂分流模式可以在中高速下以中低变速齿轮比使用。
根据本发明的传动系提供了包括下述的优点。混合动力模式可以通过具有更简单的结构的传动系获得。此外,高效的空间使用通过紧凑的配置得到了保证。另外,可以降低制造成本。此外,可以容易地获得连续的变速齿轮比。此外,可以提高燃料效率。
为了例证和描述的目的,已经给出了本发明的具体示例性实施例的前述说明。它们并非意在是无遗漏的或者将本发明限制于所公开的精确形式,并且根据上述教导显然有许多改型和变型是可能的。选择并描述示例性实施例是为了解释本发明的某些原理及其实际应用,从而使其他的本领域技术人员能够做出并利用本发明的各种示例性实施例及其各种替代形式和改型。本发明的范围应由所附权利要求及其等价形式来限定。

Claims (12)

1.一种用于混合动力车的传动系,其特征在于包括:
具有至少四个独立的旋转元件的第一行星齿轮组,所述至少四个独立的旋转元件中的一个连接于输入轴;
具有连接于输出元件的旋转元件的第二行星齿轮组;
配置成选择性地连接所述第一行星齿轮组的两个旋转元件的第一离合器;
配置成选择性地连接所述第一行星齿轮组的所述两个旋转元件中的一个旋转元件和所述第二行星齿轮组的一个旋转元件的第二离合器;
配置成选择性地连接所述第一行星齿轮组的所述两个旋转元件之外的另一旋转元件和所述第二行星齿轮组的另一旋转元件的第三离合器;
配置成对所述第二行星齿轮组的所述一个旋转元件的旋转进行限制的第一制动器;
配置成对所述第二行星齿轮组的所述另一旋转元件的旋转进行限制的第二制动器;以及
被连接以向所述第一行星齿轮组和所述第二行星齿轮组提供驱动力的至少两个或更多个动力源。
2.如权利要求1所述的用于混合动力车的传动系,其中
所述第二离合器布置在所述第一行星齿轮组的与所述第一离合器连接的旋转元件和所述第二行星齿轮组的旋转元件之间,
所述第一制动器被连接以对所述第二行星齿轮组的与所述第二离合器连接的旋转元件进行限制,并且
所述第二制动器被连接以对所述第二行星齿轮组的与所述第三离合器连接的旋转元件进行限制。
3.如权利要求2所述的用于混合动力车的传动系,其中所述动力源包括:
连接于所述输入轴的发动机;
与所述第一行星齿轮组的旋转元件连接的第一电动发电机;以及
与所述第二行星齿轮组的旋转元件连接的第二电动发电机。
4.如权利要求3所述的用于混合动力车的传动系,其中
所述第一电动发电机直接连接于所述第一行星齿轮组的旋转元件中的任何一个,选择性地连接于另一个,并且选择性地连接于所述第二行星齿轮组的旋转元件中的任何一个,并且
所述第二电动发电机连接于所述第二行星齿轮组的与所述第二制动器连接的旋转元件。
5.如权利要求4所述的用于混合动力车的传动系,其中
所述第一行星齿轮组具有由两个塔阶组成的塔阶式小齿轮,包括分别与所述塔阶式小齿轮的塔阶啮合的第一环形齿轮A和第一环形齿轮B,并且
所述第二行星齿轮组是具有三个旋转元件的单小齿轮行星齿轮组。
6.如权利要求5所述的用于混合动力车的传动系,其中
所述输入轴连接于所述第一行星齿轮组的作为所述塔阶式小齿轮的旋转轴的第一支架,并且
所述输出元件连接于所述第二行星齿轮组的未连接于所述第一制动器和所述第二制动器的旋转元件。
7.如权利要求6所述的用于混合动力车的传动系,其中
所述第一行星齿轮组的第一中心齿轮连接于所述第一电动发电机,所述第一支架连接于所述发动机,所述第一环形齿轮A通过所述第一离合器连接于所述第一电动发电机,并且所述第一环形齿轮B通过所述第三离合器连接于所述第二行星齿轮组,并且
所述第二行星齿轮组的第二中心齿轮与所述第二电动发电机和所述第二制动器连接,同时通过所述第三离合器连接于所述第一行星齿轮组,所述第二行星齿轮组的第二支架与所述输出元件连接,并且所述第二行星齿轮组的第二环形齿轮连接于所述第一制动器,同时通过所述第二离合器连接于所述第一电动发电机。
8.如权利要求7所述的用于混合动力车的传动系,其中
所述第一环形齿轮A与所述第一行星齿轮组的所述塔阶式小齿轮的具有相对小的直径的小齿轮啮合,并且所述第一环形齿轮B与具有相对大的直径的小齿轮啮合。
9.一种用于混合动力车的传动系,其特征在于包括:
接收来自发动机的动力的输入轴;
输出所述动力的输出元件;
与所述输入轴连接并且具有第一数量的旋转元件的第一行星齿轮组;
与所述第一行星齿轮组同轴布置、与所述输出元件连接并且具有第二数量的旋转元件的第二行星齿轮组;
配置成选择性地连接所述第一行星齿轮组的两个旋转元件的第一离合器;
配置成选择性地连接所述第一行星齿轮组的所述两个旋转元件中的一个旋转元件和所述第二行星齿轮组的一个旋转元件的第二离合器;
配置成选择性地连接所述第一行星齿轮组的所述两个旋转元件之外的另一旋转元件和所述第二行星齿轮组的另一旋转元件的第三离合器;
配置成对所述第二行星齿轮组的所述一个旋转元件的旋转进行限制的第一制动器;以及
配置成对所述第二行星齿轮组的所述另一旋转元件的旋转进行限制的第二制动器。
10.如权利要求9所述的用于混合动力车的传动系,其中
所述第一行星齿轮组具有四个旋转元件,该四个旋转元件包括由两个塔阶组成的塔阶式小齿轮,
所述第二行星齿轮组是包括三个旋转元件的单小齿轮行星齿轮组,
所述第二行星齿轮组的连接于所述第一制动器的旋转元件通过所述第二离合器连接于所述第一行星齿轮组的旋转元件,并且
所述第二行星齿轮组的连接于所述第二制动器的旋转元件通过所述第三离合器连接于所述第一行星齿轮组的旋转元件。
11.如权利要求10所述的用于混合动力车的传动系,其中
所述发动机连接于所述第一行星齿轮组的第一支架,
第一电动发电机直接连接于所述第一行星齿轮组的第一中心齿轮,并通过所述第二离合器连接于所述第二行星齿轮组的第二环形齿轮,
第二电动发电机连接于所述第二行星齿轮组的第二中心齿轮,
所述第一制动器连接于所述第二行星齿轮组的第二环形齿轮,
所述第二制动器连接于所述第二行星齿轮组的第二中心齿轮,并且
所述输出元件连接于所述第二行星齿轮组的第二支架。
12.如权利要求11所述的用于混合动力车的传动系,其中
第一环形齿轮A与所述塔阶式小齿轮的具有相对小的直径的小齿轮啮合,并且第一环形齿轮B与具有相对大的直径的小齿轮啮合,
所述第一环形齿轮A通过所述第一离合器连接于所述第一电动发电机,并且
所述第一环形齿轮B通过所述第三离合器连接于所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第二中心齿轮。
CN200910258455.2A 2009-07-15 2009-11-30 用于混合动力车的传动系 Expired - Fee Related CN101954857B (zh)

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