CN101943127A - Wind collecting vertical type wind power generating system - Google Patents
Wind collecting vertical type wind power generating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101943127A CN101943127A CN2010102729130A CN201010272913A CN101943127A CN 101943127 A CN101943127 A CN 101943127A CN 2010102729130 A CN2010102729130 A CN 2010102729130A CN 201010272913 A CN201010272913 A CN 201010272913A CN 101943127 A CN101943127 A CN 101943127A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D3/005—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor the axis being vertical
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/10—Assembly of wind motors; Arrangements for erecting wind motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0276—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling rotor speed, e.g. variable speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/30—Wind power
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
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Abstract
The invention relates to a wind collecting vertical type wind power generating system which comprises a wind power system, a vertical type speed increaser, a vertical type generator and an excitation grid-connected control system, wherein the wind power system is connected with the speed increaser and the generator by a chain coupling; the generator is controlled by the excitation grid-connected control system; the wind power system is in a box frame structure and comprises a fan blade system and a wind collecting and protecting system; the upper end and the lower end of a box frame are respectively provided with an upper shed top and a lower shed plate; the wind collecting and protecting system comprises a plurality of wind collecting plates which are distributed at four sides of the box frame and hydraulic drive equipment; the upper shed top, the lower shed plate and the wind collecting plates are connected to form a wind tunnel box type wind collecting body; the generator works in a multi-winding pole-changing control way; and the generator and the speed increaser are installed on the ground. The invention has the advantages of small size, low installation, maintenance and transportation cost, high wind power utilization ratio and wind field land utilization ratio, stable performance, high storm wind resistance and favorable power generating quality and grid-connected performance, can form a high-power wind power generator unit system and is suitable for various weather and geographic environments.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vertical wind power generation system of technical field of wind power generation.What specifically, relate to is a kind of novel efficient collection wind vertical wind power generation system.
Background technique
Along with the generation of world energy sources crisis, utilize the generating of wind-force kinetic energy to become the focus of modern social development as new energy.The generator set of three traditional paddle wind-driven generators and speed increaser are installed in the high-altitude on tower tube top, and the heavy fan blade of growing up tiltedly hangs over the side, and need great balance weight body.Consider fan blade, speed increaser, generator set, balance weight body are added the weight that heavy cabin has the hundreds of ton, if utilize the tower tube to be supported in the high-altitude, then wind blows can produce huge tilting moment, can't resist wiping out and freezing damage of blast, simultaneously, the traditional wind volume is big, transportation is big with maintenance difficulty, and the wind power utilization rate is low.Though follow-uply develop the deficiency that the wind-driven generator that has partly overcome traditional wind, it still exists fan blade to be subjected to air quantity little, and the wind-force starting torque is big, starts defectives such as dead angle and commutation dead angle be big.For example, existing aerofoil profile fan blade blowing area is little, and the wind power utilization rate is low, and the aerofoil windage is big before existing, and the commutation dead angle is big, and the wind power utilization rate is low, is difficult to high capacity.
Find through literature search prior art, fan blade in the wind-driven generator of putting down in writing in the patent documentation among patent No. ZL200430067146.5 and the patent publication No. WO2007/140397A2 still exists the wind power utilization rate low, exists to start dead angle and the big problem in commutation dead angle in starting and rotatablely moving.
Same, the fan blade of related wind-driven generator system adopts the NACA0009 aerofoil profile in the patent of invention of number of patent application 200410023530.4, and this fan blade blowing area is little, the wind power utilization rate is low, there is the commutation dead angle in aerofoil windage face before existing in rotatablely moving, be difficult to high capacity.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of collection wind vertical wind power generation system, its structure is firm, ride quality stable, and wind power utilization rate height is convenient to assembling and is safeguarded, is easy to transportation, thereby has overcome deficiency of the prior art.
For achieving the above object, collection wind vertical wind power generation of the present invention system comprises pneumatic power system, speed increaser system, vertical type generator system, excitation grid-connection control system.
Described pneumatic power system adopts the box frame structure, comprises blade system and collection wind and protective system; Described speed increaser system adopts vertical speed increaser, and it is eccentric pendulum-type dual planetary gear structure; Described generator system adopts the vertical induction generator of pole-changing formula; Described vertical type generator system and speed increaser system install on the ground.
Below various piece of the present invention is elaborated:
1. pneumatic power system
Described pneumatic power system adopts the box frame structure, and it comprises fan blade arbor, blade system and collection wind and protective system and drive system thereof.
1.1 box frame structure
Described box frame structure can be selected from triangular framing system, tetragonal frame system, pentagon frame system, hexagon frame system, octagon frame system and N dihedral frame system or circular frame system.By adopting box frame structure (bellows type tower structure), make wind-power generating system overall structure of the present invention be convenient to assembling, maintenance and transportation, total height has reduced by 2/3, save material 60%, be convenient to land, install and operation with the sea on the mountain, wherein, little type is convenient to fishing boat, roof is installed and operation; Big type is convenient to land installation and operation; Large-scale unit is convenient to land, installs and operation with the large-scale wind field in sea on the mountain.
Also be provided with upper and lower refractory slab in this box frame structure, this upper and lower refractory slab of mat can reduce the invasion and attack of dust storm and sleet, reduce freezing to wind-power generating system, the especially damage of fan blade etc.
Preferably, also can supporting use framework stabilisation system on this box frame structure, it adopts four jiaos of anchor blocks that utilize cable wire to be fixed to ground above framework, and anchor block is four upright leaning on the diagonal angle elongation line of pedestal.Distance can be 1/3～1/1 of frame height.The anti-tilting moment of native system is big, and firm performance is good, can uprising wind ruin power.
1.2 fan blade arbor
The wind-driven generator capacity is bigger at present, fan blade is more, and therefore the fan blade arbor that needs is longer, and the present invention adopts large-scale multistage combined type arbor, it is to be decomposed into several sections by the arbor with a long wind-driven generator, and according to actual needs by increase and decrease stage casing arbor combination forming.Particularly, this fan blade arbor comprises lower shaft end and last axle head, following central siphon and last central siphon, lower shaft land and last axle land, last fan blade fixed flange, middle fan blade fixed flange and following fan blade fixed flange, axle center locating stud and fixing bolt and nut.Wherein, last axle head, go up central siphon, go up an axle land, middle fan blade fixed flange and axle center locating stud etc. are formed the epimere arbor, lower shaft land, central siphon down, and lower shaft end, fan blade fixed flange and fixing bolt etc. are formed the hypomere arbor down.Described lower shaft end all adopts strong the cooperation to be welded to connect with following central siphon and last axle head with last central siphon, following central siphon and last central siphon by lower shaft land, middle fan blade fixed flange, go up an axle land and fixedly connected with screw, and the fan blade arbor is whole adopts the centralized positioning of axle locating stud.If necessary, also can increase one to multiple section stage casing arbor, described stage casing arbor can be made up of land on land, stage casing central siphon and the stage casing axle under the axle of stage casing etc.Between the arbor of stage casing, and the stage casing arbor is similar to the linkage structure of above-mentioned upper and lower section arbor to the linkage structure of upper and lower section arbor.
Among the present invention fan blade is connected and fixed by fan blade fixed flange and fan blade arbor, thereby can combination in any changes fan blade angle, eliminate the fan blade dead angle, keep the continuity of wind-force moment, reduced the deformation and the vibration of arbor.Simultaneously, fan blade arbor of the present invention is to adopt the open-core type structure to replace original solid shaft structure, and is in light weight, is convenient to processing, saves a large amount of steel, increases the intensity and the rotary torsion square of arbor, and is convenient to assembling and transportation.
1.3 blade system
The present invention adopts vertical horizontal rotation type blade system, and it comprises fan blade frame, fan blade leaf body, refraction wind-guiding plate, fixed support and fan blade and shaft coupling piece.Wherein, the steel mesh of fan blade frame and fan blade leaf body inside welds together and constitutes whole fan blade.The refraction wind-guiding plate becomes 60 degree angles to fix with the fan blade frame.Refraction wind-guiding plate underpart is fixed on the fan blade frame, fixedlys connected with fixed support in refraction wind-guiding plate middle part.Fan blade is fastened on the fan blade fixed flange of fan blade arbor by fan blade and shaft coupling piece.The refraction wind-guiding plate is connected by fixed support with fan blade, is convenient to assembling, maintenance and transportation.
Described fan blade frame is made cuboid by angle steel, and material adopts steel construction piece, to increase fan blade intensity.
Described blade is made the blade face mesh skeleton by steel band (or steel wire) in its blade face, and the surface has polyester resin (glass fibre reinforced plastics), smooth surface, and windage is little.It is wind-engaging that fan blade mainly acts on, and wind produces maximum running torque to fan blade.The fan blade cross section is the streamlined curve of wing, and fan blade front blowing area is big, and fan blade back windage is little.The longitudinal section is projection arch form curve, rotates when wind-force promotes fan blade, and wind-force line movement locus is linearly, does not produce eddy current, and wind-force ray movement locus is the optimum state.
Described fan blade has three, three fan blades, the 120 degree angles that respectively interlace.
Described wind-guiding refraction guide plate is by the wind deflector framework, and there is steel mesh inside, and the surface has polyester resin (glass fibre reinforced plastics), smooth surface, and windage is little.
Described fixed support is made by long band steel, and there is fixed hole at two ends.
Described fan blade and shaft coupling piece two ends with the middle part fixed hole is arranged.
Described axle is the force of bearing of most critical with the fan blade link, has both born fan blade weight, the running torque of bearing fan blade again and being produced, in the joint of fan blade with the axle mounting flange, the strength maximum, the cross section of link is maximum, the end strength is little, and cross section is also little.
Blade structure of the present invention adopts collection wind and wind-force guiding principle, fan blade is involute formula streamline curved surface, fan blade combines in opposite directions with the refraction guide plate, the tangent plane that is subjected to the wind-force face of fan blade becomes the right angle with the wind-force line all the time, make the wind-force ray through the superrefraction guide plate, can both be refracted to the fan blade face of maximum moment end in any angle, the moving track of wind-force linear flow is shape linearly, does not produce eddy current, the resultant moment of force of wind-force line concentrate to be pointed to maximum and the focus place perpendicular tangent plane of fan blade face, make wind-force be refracted to maximum running torque point, produce maximum pushing torque, make the rotation of fan blade along continuous straight runs, therefore blade system dynamic balancing characteristic is good, the rotating speed height, good stability, blowing area is big, the wind power utilization rate improves more than 8 times than the propeller type wind force power machine, can be up to 75%, and start wind speed and can be low to moderate 3 meter per seconds, the nominal operation wind speed reaches 10 meter per seconds, work wind district can be in the wind speed district of 3～43 meter per seconds, simultaneously, installation and debugging are convenient in system, can be used as the driving dynamic power machine of high-power generator.
In addition, three fan blades of the present invention, the 120 degree angles that respectively interlace, three fan blade complementations, equilibratory running torque do not have to start dead angle and commutation dead angle, produces best dynamic balancing characteristic, and rotation is steadily.
Need to prove, the blade system of above-mentioned one deck blade structure is suitable for being applied in the less situation of fan capacity, and when fan capacity is big, then blade system can adopt two layers of blade structure mode, further, when blower fan was big capacity, blade system also can adopt multilayer blade structure mode.Particularly, when adopting 2 layers of blade structure, upper strata fan blade and lower floor's fan blade interlace and 60 spend, when adopting 3 layers of blade structure, every layer of fan blade 40 degree that interlace are when adopting N layer blade structure, every layer of fan blade 120 degree/N that interlace, such mode of structure make the fan blade rotation steadily, and balance is better.
Fan blade radius of the present invention and blower fan height only are sixth～1/4th of propeller type fan blade radius and blower fan height, the rotational speed height, wind power utilization rate height, balance is good, do not need pylon, wheel hub and deflection mechanism, noise free, can be used as the driving dynamic power machine of high-power power machine tool and wind-driven generator, can be installed on level land and the mountain, also can be placed on tall building and the building, be convenient to be incorporated into the power networks with electrical network, or as the heating of the independence of building, electricity consumptions such as illumination also can move at areas without electricity, as remote districts, the power supply on island etc.
1.4 collection wind and protective system
Also increase in the wind-power generating system of the present invention and be provided with collection wind and protective system; described collection wind and protective system comprise some air gathering plates; by regulating the angle of each air gathering plate; can control the air quantity that is subjected to of wind force power machine; the rotating speed of regulator generator; and excessive or when blowing typhoon when wind speed, by the closed set aerofoil, can play the effect of protection generator system.Collection wind and protective system can adopt motoring, also can adopt hydraulic driving system.
Further, above-mentioned air gathering plate and box-type framework and upper and lower refractory slab constitute the box wind centralizing body (bellows form or be called the air channel form) of wind tunnel type jointly, reduce wind-force and leak.
Wind-power generating system of the present invention is after increasing collection wind and protective system, wind power utilization rate height, the wind force power machine balance is good, the rotating speed height, it is 2m/s that wind force power machine starts wind speed, and maximum functional wind speed 36m/s is when wind speed surpasses 36m/s, by regulating the air quantity that is subjected to that air gathering plate changes wind force power machine, can make generator work to maximum wind speed 42m/s; When wind speed surpassed 42m/s, air gathering plate was closed fully, and stays 1/4 intake grill, but wind-driven generator proper functioning still.The present invention's wind speed round-the-clock running more than 2.5m/s fully.
2. speed increaser system
The speed increaser system adopts vertical speed increaser among the present invention, and it is eccentric pendulum-type dual planetary gear structure, and speed increasing ratio is big, and the gear and the gear ring interlock number of teeth are many, and occlusal contact area is big, and driving torque is big, and the transmission efficiency height is applicable to the speedup drive system more than 5 megawatts.
3. vertical type generator system
Generator system adopts the vertical induction generator of many winding pole-changings among the present invention, it comprises rotor, stator and heat radiation cooling device, the energy that rotor produces is transferred to stator by magnetic, be converted to voltage and current delivery to electrical network by stator, save generator amature brush and slip ring, saved the rotor inverter of double-fed generator.Described rotor structure adopts mouse cage type structure, and its rotor shaft comprises arbor and axle drum two-part, and arbor is fixed together with the axle drum, and the axle drum adopts the hollow mode, and axle drum two ends are provided with vent hole, and rotor magnetic pole is fixed on the axle drum.Described stator is many winding pole-changings formula stator structure, its mode of connection is 2 winding asynchronous change-pole modes, 3 winding asynchronous change-pole modes and multi-winding asynchronous change-pole mode, by the mode of connection that changes winding coil change stator number of pole-pairs (as, under the constant situation of generator diameter, number of pole-pairs can be operated in 4 pairs of utmost points, 6 pairs of utmost points, 8 pairs of utmost points, 12 pairs of utmost points, 16 pairs of utmost points, 18 pairs of utmost points, 20 pairs of utmost points, 24 pairs of utmost points, 32 pairs of utmost points, 36 pairs of utmost points, 48 pairs of utmost points, 64 pairs of utmost points, 72 pairs of utmost points, 80 pairs of utmost points, 84 pairs of utmost points, 96 pairs of utmost points, 100 pairs of utmost points and 120 pairs of utmost points, wherein 120 pairs are very directly driven generator set), the roadability that can adapt to each wind speed district has solved problems such as excessive and difficult the difficult problem of transportation of high-power multipolar generator volume.Described heat radiation cooling device adopts axle drum type rotor cooling heat dissipation mode.The present invention can adapt to wind-force physical environment characteristics and satisfy the electrical network requirement.
For cooperating with described vertical type generator system, above-mentioned pneumatic power system can adopt the mode of structure of a plurality of box frame stack combinations, the wind speed of generator capacity and wind field has determined the number of box frame combination, as individual layer is that the generator set that two groups of box frames of 500KW are superposed to 1MW (1 megawatt) matches, equally, 4 groups of 500KW box frame stacks can match with the 2MW generator set, and by that analogy, 5 groups of 1MW box frame stacks can match with 5MW (5 megawatt) generator set.Can also add standby bellows (magnetic clutch starts when wind speed is low) on this basis.Because easy to installation and maintenance, cost is low, extensively popularization on the building top in city of small capacity type 10KW-100KW, large-scale unit can be installed in land, on the mountain with the sea.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of link of large-scale wind driven generator arbor, it is chain coupling, this chain coupling driving torque is big, can solve and have more very much not under the concentricity situation, have the connection of big degrees of freedom arbor, easy to process, be convenient to assembling and transportation, produce maximum driving torque and rotation torque.
Particularly, this chain coupling comprises upper sprocket wheel, lower sprocket, chain rivet, cochain sheet, following chain sheet and key, upper sprocket wheel is connected with last axle, and is enclosed within shaft end, is fixed by key, same, lower sprocket is connected with lower shaft, and is enclosed within the lower shaft end, is fixed by key, upper sprocket wheel connected with fixing with being connected by connection chain of lower sprocket, and this connection chain is made of chain rivet, cochain sheet, following chain sheet.
4. excitation grid-connection control system
At present, traditional wind-driven generator, as the propeller type wind force power machine and the revolution of the wind force power machine of other types change with wind-force and change of wind velocity, so output voltage of generator, frequency and output power all interlace greatly.
The present invention is in order to adapt to the work characteristics of wind-power generating system, adopted the excitation grid-connection control system, the excitation grid-connection control system can be controlled the rotating speed of wind-driven generator by this, promptly, control the air quantity that is subjected to that air gathering plate is regulated fan blade on the one hand, to reach the rotating speed of regulator generator; Control the excitation system of generator set on the other hand, the voltage current waveform of wind-driven generator output is not changed with wind speed, make the generator set output voltage frequency, phase place is constant and adjustable controlled, and the may command wind-driven generator is incorporated into the power networks when cophasing, to reduce generator in the impact of moment to electrical network of being incorporated into the power networks.The minimum wind speed 3m/s of the work wind ranges of wind-power generating system of the present invention, the whole day fate row of high wind speed 42m/s.
In general, native system has solved successfully that traditional propeller formula wind power generating set equipment can not maximize and the technical barrier of industrialization, as: large-scale blade high-altitude installation difficulty is big; The control system dependence on import, generator is little to the electrical network output current; Generator main axle bearing import difficulty; Transportation installation and maintenance difficulty; The safe and stable operation difficulty; Cost is high.And compared with prior art, collection wind vertical wind power generation of the present invention system also has following advantage at least:
1, blower fan adopts the collection wind system that horizontally rotates automatic control, compares with three traditional oar blade type wind-power generating systems, and the wind power utilization rate improves more than 6 times;
2, with the power wind-power generating system compare, volume-diminished is more than 50%;
3, the power generating quality and the performance that is incorporated into the power networks have significantly raising;
4, comparing the total cost cost with three traditional oar blade type wind power systems reduces more than 40%;
5, the wind field land use capability improves more than 3 times;
6, installation and maintenance and cost of transportation reduce respectively more than 60%, 80% and 50%;
7, blade system is horizontal rotation type, and stability of equilibrium is good, can be installed on the roof of town and country, has important promotional value;
8, the whole wind force generating system can be incorporated into the power networks, also can be from the net isolated operation;
9, system adopts modular construction, can realize multi-deck combined, therefore can constitute high-power 2～5 MW class wind turbine group systems;
10, generator is installed in ground, adopting four pillar pylons to support bellows, highly only is 30% of traditional three blade blower fans, and manufacture cost reduces by 50%, model structure is suitable for making and the above wind power generating set of super sized type 2-5 megawatt being installed, and has anti-violent typhoon and blizzard ability.
11, system adopts the intelligent control pattern, and zero incision of accomplishing to be incorporated into the power networks does not have impact to electrical network.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of collective wind type vertical wind power generation system in the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of large-scale combined arbor shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 a is the structural representation of blade system shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 b is the front view of blade system shown in Fig. 3 a;
Fig. 3 c is the side view of blade system shown in Fig. 3 a;
Fig. 4 is the package assembly schematic representation of blade system shown in Fig. 1 and arbor;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of collection wind shown in Fig. 1 and protective system;
Fig. 6 a is one of running state schematic representation of collection wind shown in Figure 5 and protective system;
Fig. 6 b be collection wind shown in Figure 5 and protective system the running state schematic representation two;
Fig. 7 is the cross-sectional view of coupling system shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 8 is the plan view of coupling system shown in Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 is four jiaos of hawser fixed systems of framework shown in Fig. 1 schematic representation;
Among the above-mentioned figure, the indicated element of each reference character is respectively: 1 is system framework; 2 is the fan blade arbor; 3 is system's fan blade, becomes 120 degree angles to distribute respectively; 4 is air gathering plate; 5 is the air gathering plate actuator support arm, 6 collection wind system hydraulic pressure installation; 7 is chain coupling; 8 is two planetary speed increasers; 9 vertical many winding pole-changings induction generators; 10 control system; 11 is four jiaos of hawser anchor blocks of framework; 12 is framework Corner Strapped hawser; 14,15 is the refractory slab up and down of air collecting box body; 16 is the air gathering plate slideway, and 17 is the air gathering plate pulley, and 18 is the bearing fixed seat of fan blade arbor, and 19 is the ground support of wind-power generating system.
Embodiment
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, but following content is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
General structure
High efficiency collection wind vertical wind power generation system architecture as shown in Figure 1, native system is by pneumatic power system, collection wind and protective system, speed increaser system, generator system, the voltage transformer system that is incorporated into the power networks, monitor control system.
1 is system framework shown in Fig. 1; But the framework trigonometric form framework of wind-driven generator also can be tetragonal framework, the pentagon framework, and the hexagon framework, octagon framework or be circular frame, native system is an example with tetragonal framework, introduces the structure of native system.2 is the combined fan blade arbor of multistage; 3 is fan blade, 13 fan blade refraction plates, and 3 fan blades are one group, become 120 degree angles to distribute respectively; 4 is air gathering plate, and each air gathering plate of framework four sides constitutes the four sides and collects wind and protective system; 5 is the air gathering plate actuator support arm, and 6 is fluid pressure drive device; 7 is chain coupling; 8 is speed increaser; 9 is many winding pole-changings asynchronous generating unit; 10 is control system; 11 is four jiaos of hawser anchor blocks of framework; 12 is framework Corner Strapped hawser; 13 fan blade refraction plates, 14 and 15 are the refractory slab up and down of air collecting box body; 16 is the air gathering plate slideway; 17 for being the air gathering plate pulley; 18 is arbor bearing support up and down; 19 is the ground support of wind-power generating system.
The large-scale combined arbor
Shown in Figure 2.Described large-scale combined arbor is an overlength arbor to be decomposed into several sections process transportation and assembling, has promptly made things convenient for processing and transportation, can utilize less working machine, finishes the processing of large-scale over-long axle class.This invention is not only applicable to large-sized wind driven generator combined crankshaft, is applicable to the arbor class of other types yet, or other oval column type class, and large-scale frame shape combined connecting structure and technology.
The arbor structure of the multi-section combined wind-driven generator that present embodiment adopts, the arbor of a long wind-driven generator, be decomposed into several sections, adopt fabricated structure, can combination in any change fan blade angle, eliminate the fan blade dead angle, keep the continuity of fan blade running torque, reduced the deformation and the vibration of arbor wind; And the solid shaft structure changed into the open-core type structure, and be convenient to processing, saved a large amount of steel, increased intensity and the rotary torsion square of arbor, be convenient to assembling and transportation, increase rotary torsion square.Through a large amount of simulations and a large amount of calculating, native system is adapted to the needs of 10KW～above wind-power generating system of 10 megawatts.
Combination arbor embodiment
When the wind-driven generator capacity is bigger, need fan blade many, when needing arbor longer, then can increase the stage casing arbor, the stage casing arbor can be 1 section, also can increase to multistage.As shown in Figure 2.
The large-sized wind driven generator combined crankshaft that present embodiment relates to comprises the two ends axle head, last hypomere central siphon, fixedly reel and fan blade fixed flange.Present embodiment is applicable to that the wind-driven generator pool-size is big, and fan blade is many, and arbor is long.The stage casing arbor can be one section, also can increase to multistage, and the stage casing arbor can adopt identical structure.Two sections (multistage) axial systems altogether comprise four parts:
The epimere arbor comprises: go up central siphon 2, go up axle head 24, go up axle land 25, middle fan blade fixed flange 22, centralized positioning pin 26.
The hypomere arbor comprises: following central siphon 20, following fan blade fixed flange 23, lower shaft land 27, lower shaft end 28, fixing bolt 29.
The stage casing arbor comprises: land on land, stage casing central siphon, the stage casing axle under the axle of stage casing,
The fan blade mounting flange comprises: go up fan blade flange plate 21, middle fan blade fixed flange 22, the fan blade flange plate 23 between down is connected with fan blade.Axle center location axle pin 26, fan blade flange plate retaining screw 29.
The fan blade fixed flange is illustrated in figure 5 as triangle steel plate or circular flange dish up and down, on have be mutually 120 the degree 3 air draft leaf fixed holes.Middle fan blade flange plate 22 be round, on have 6 rows to be mutually 60 fixed holes of fixing 6 fan blades of spending angles.The fan blade flange plate of the centre that is increased is all identical with fan blade flange plate 22.
Hypomere arbor and stage casing arbor are connected as shown in Figure 2, lower shaft land 27 assembles with the land 25 of fan blade flange plate 22 and epimere central siphon, middle axis central part is with axle center location axle pin 26 location, hypomere arbor and stage casing arbor and middle fan blade flange plate 22 are accurately positioned on the center line, axle land and a fan blade flange plate and a land are fixed together by fixing bolt.Make whole arbor under the location axle pin positioning and fixing of axle center, realize the high-precision coaxial heart, constitute a whole arbor.
Blade system
The combination blade system comprises fan blade shown in Fig. 3 a-3c, the folding aerofoil, and folding aerofoil pole three parts, fan blade is fixed on the arbor flange plate, utilizes to be bolted on the arbor flange plate.As shown in Figure 3,3 is fan blade, and 13 are the folding aerofoil, 30 folding aerofoil supports.Front view is parabola shaped, and side view is a streamline.The parabola shaped rotational resistance of fan blade is little, and the linear solid of rotation wind-force of drift current line is shape linearly.
The present invention is based on new pneumatic mechanics and wind-force guiding principle, fan blade is involute formula streamline curved surface, adorn a wind deflector on the fan blade, wind is refracted to the maximum moment convergent point to wind-force to refraction plate, make the tangent plane that is subjected to the wind-force face of wind power machine fan blade become the right angle with the wind-force line all the time, making wind-force is that direct projection promotes the rotation of fan blade along continuous straight runs, and fan blade is subjected to Driving force for maximum, and wind-force promotes fan blade and rotates, the moving track of wind-force linear flow is shape linearly, does not produce eddy current.Blade structure figure shown in Fig. 3 a.
Blade system is by fan blade, wind deflector, land be connected stiffening plate and form.Native system wind-force directly promotes the rotation of fan blade along continuous straight runs, the dynamic balancing characteristic is good, blowing area is big, wind power utilization rate height, the wind-force ray makes it can both be refracted to the fan blade face of maximum moment end in any angle through the superrefraction guide plate, and makes the wind-force ray vertical with the outer tangent plane of fan blade face, produce maximum thrust and maximum running torque, promote the rotation of fan blade along continuous straight runs.The rotation of fan blade along continuous straight runs, equilibrium response is good, the rotating speed height, good stability is convenient to installation and debugging.Fan blade is that 60 degree are for best with the angle that refraction is led.Make fan blade rotate to any position and angle, wind-force is led by refraction plate, make the resultant moment of force of wind-force line concentrate point to maximum and the focus place perpendicular tangent plane of fan blade face, make wind-force be refracted to maximum running torque point.Produce maximum pushing torque, make the rotation of fan blade along continuous straight runs.Three fan blades of the present invention, the 120 degree angles that respectively interlace, three fan blade complementations, equilibratory running torque do not have to start dead angle and commutation dead angle, produces best dynamic balancing characteristic, and rotation is steadily.
Fan capacity hour, fan blade can adopt above-mentioned one deck blade structure mode, when fan capacity was big, fan blade can adopt blade structure mode more than two layers.Can adopt multilayer blade structure mode during big capacity.During 2 layers of blade structure, upper strata fan blade and lower floor's fan blade interlace 60 the degree, when adopting 3 layers of blade structure, every layer of fan blade 40 degree that interlace adopt N (N=1,2,3,4,5, n,～multilayer) layer is during blade structure, every layer of fan blade interlace 120 degree/N, mode of structure like this, make the fan blade rotation steadily, balance is better.2 layers of blade structure mode shown in Figure 4.
Collection wind and protective system
Collection wind and protective system are as shown in Figure 5.Collect wind and protective system by air gathering plate 4, air gathering plate actuator support arm 5, hydraulic driving system 6, air gathering plate slideway 16, air gathering plate pulley 17.
The collection wind system hour opens the increase air quantity at wind, shown in Fig. 6 a-6b, regulates control collection wind system and can regulate collection air quantity, the revolution of regulator generator automatically; But closure set wind system when violent wind plays the effect of protection unit.But when violent wind, still leave 1/4 intake grill behind the closure set wind system, as shown in Figure 7, solved wind-driven generator energy safe operation generating and protection problem in violent wind, and still can keep normal operation.The driving of collection wind and protective system can be adopted hydraulic driving system, also can adopt motor driven systems.Native system is driving structure and the principle that example illustrates this collection wind and protective system to adopt hydraulic driving system.
Chain coupling
The link of large-scale wind driven generator arbor, and chain coupling, driving torque is big, can solve and have more very much not under the concentricity situation, have the connection of big degrees of freedom arbor, easy to process, be convenient to assembling and transportation, produce maximum driving torque and rotation torque.
Chain coupling is shown in Fig. 7-8.Among the figure: 31 for first line of a couplet wheel, 32 for second line of a couplet wheel, 33 be chain rivet, 34 for chain sheet, 35 up and down is last key, 36 be under key.First line of a couplet wheel 31 is connected with last axle, and first line of a couplet wheel 31 is enclosed within fan blade arbor underpart, and is fixing by key 35.Second line of a couplet wheel 32 is connected with transmission shaft, and the second line of a couplet is taken turns 32 and is enclosed within the speed changer axial region, is fixed by key 36.First line of a couplet wheel 31 was connected with chain sheet 34 with being connected by connecting chain rivet of second line of a couplet wheel 32.Connection chain is made of chain rivet 33 and cochain sheet 34.
Described first line of a couplet wheel 31 bears the whole arbor rotation torque of transmission with second line of a couplet wheel 32 and connection chain.
This sprocket-type coupling is in light weight, and anti-deformation behavior and torsional moment are big, allows nonconcentricity and degrees of freedom big, easy to process, and the checking on probation through at large-scale wind driven generator obtains good effect.Calculate and the practical application experiment through a large amount of analog simulations, be convenient to assembling and transportation, can be applied to the following all types of wind powered generator system of 10MW, and can be suitable for all kinds of dynamic power machine transmission systems.
The framework stabilisation system
The framework stabilisation system adopts four jiaos of anchor blocks 11 that utilize cable wire 12 to be fixed to ground above framework as shown in Figure 9, and anchor block is four upright leaning on the diagonal angle elongation line of pedestal, and distance can be 1/3～1/1 of frame height.As shown in Figure 7.
The framework refractory slab
Upper and lower refractory slab 14,15 of framework and air gathering plate 4 constitute bellows types jointly or are called the air channel form, reduce wind-force and leak.Go up simultaneously refractory slab and reduce dust storm and sleet invasion and attack, reduce freezing damage power-driven generator leaf.
Above embodiment only is used to illustrate content of the present invention, and in addition, the present invention also has other mode of execution.But all employings are equal to replaces or technological scheme that the equivalent deformation mode forms all drops in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. one kind collects wind vertical wind power generation system, it is characterized in that: described wind-power generating system comprises pneumatic power system, speed increaser system, vertical type generator system and excitation grid-connection control system, described pneumatic power system is connected with the vertical type generator system with speed increaser by chain coupling, and described vertical type generator system is controlled by the excitation grid-connection control system; Wherein:
Described pneumatic power system adopts the box frame structure, comprise blade system and collection wind and protective system, the upper and lower end of described box frame is provided with ceiling and following refractory slab respectively, described collection wind and protective system comprise a plurality of air gathering plates that are distributed in place, four sides of box frame, last ceiling, following refractory slab are fixedlyed connected with a plurality of air gathering plates, form the box wind centralizing body of wind tunnel type;
Described speed increaser system adopts vertical speed increaser, is eccentric pendulum-type dual planetary gear structure;
Described generator system adopts vertical many winding pole-changings induction generator;
Described vertical type generator system and speed increaser system install on the ground.
2. collection wind vertical wind power generation as claimed in claim 1 system; it is characterized in that: described collection wind and protective system also comprise can regulate control collection wind system and regulate air quantity automatically; and then the drive unit of regulator generator revolution, this drive unit comprises the support drive arm of air gathering plate and the Hydraulically Operated Equipment that is attached thereto.
3. collection wind vertical wind power generation as claimed in claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described pneumatic power system also comprises the fan blade arbor, described blade system comprises fan blade frame, fan blade leaf body, refraction wind-guiding plate, fixed support and fan blade and shaft coupling piece, the inner steel mesh of fan blade frame and fan blade leaf body welds together and constitutes fan blade integral body, the refraction wind-guiding plate becomes 60 degree angles to fix with the fan blade frame, refraction wind-guiding plate underpart is fixed on the fan blade frame, fixedlys connected with the fixed support end in refraction wind-guiding plate middle part;
Per three become the fan blade at 120 degree angles to be fastened on formation one fan blade layer on the fan blade fastening flange on the fan blade arbor by fan blade and shaft coupling piece each other, be connected with N fan blade layer on the described fan blade arbor vertically, the 120/N degree that interlaces between each fan blade layer, wherein N is the integer more than or equal to 1.
4. collection wind vertical wind power generation as claimed in claim 3 system, it is characterized in that: described fan blade arbor adopts large-scale multistage combined type arbor, comprise epimere arbor and hypomere arbor, described epimere arbor comprises axle head, last central siphon, last axle land, middle fan blade fixed flange and axle center locating stud, described hypomere arbor comprises the lower shaft land, following central siphon, lower shaft end, following fan blade fixed flange and fixing bolt, described lower shaft end all adopts strong the cooperation to be welded to connect with following central siphon and the described axle head of going up with last central siphon, following central siphon and last central siphon are by the lower shaft land, middle fan blade fixed flange, last axle land is fixedlyed connected with screw, the centralized positioning of the whole employing axle of fan blade arbor locating stud.
5. collection wind vertical wind power generation as claimed in claim 4 system, it is characterized in that: described fan blade arbor also comprises at least one stage casing arbor, described stage casing arbor comprises land on land under the axle of stage casing, stage casing central siphon and the stage casing axle, and the stage casing central siphon is connected with the epimere arbor with the hypomere arbor by land on land under the axle of stage casing and the stage casing axle respectively.
6. collection wind vertical wind power generation as claimed in claim 1 system is characterized in that: described speed increaser system is connected with fan blade arbor in the pneumatic power system by chain coupling; Described chain coupling comprise first line of a couplet wheel, second line of a couplet wheel, chain rivet, up and down the chain sheet, go up key and key down, wherein: first line of a couplet wheel is connected with last axle, and the first line of a couplet is taken turns and is enclosed within fan blade arbor underpart, fix by key, second line of a couplet wheel is connected with transmission shaft, and second line of a couplet wheel is enclosed within the speed changer axial region, is fixed by key; First line of a couplet wheel was connected with the chain sheet with being connected by connecting chain rivet of second line of a couplet wheel; Described connection chain is made of chain rivet and cochain sheet, and described first line of a couplet wheel bears the whole arbor rotation torque of transmission with second line of a couplet wheel and connection chain.
7. collection wind vertical wind power generation as claimed in claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described vertical type generator system adopts many winding pole-changings asynchronous generating unit, it comprises rotor, stator and heat radiation cooling device, the energy that rotor produces is transferred to stator by magnetic, is converted to voltage and current delivery to electrical network by stator;
Described rotor structure adopts mouse cage type structure, and its rotor shaft comprises arbor and axle drum two-part, and arbor is fixed together with the axle drum, and the axle drum adopts the hollow mode, and axle drum two ends are provided with vent hole, and rotor magnetic pole is fixed on the axle drum;
Described stator is many winding pole-changings formula stator structure, and its mode of connection is 2 winding asynchronous change-pole modes, 3 winding asynchronous change-pole modes and multi-winding asynchronous change-pole mode, changes the power generator electrode logarithm by the combination of adjusting winding.
8. collection wind vertical wind power generation as claimed in claim 1 system; it is characterized in that: described excitation grid-connection control system is connected with the vertical type generator system with protective system with collection wind respectively, with control air gathering plate angle, regulator generator rotating speed and adjusting vertical type generator system's output voltage waveforms frequency and phase place.
9. collection wind vertical wind power generation as claimed in claim 1 system is characterized in that: four jiaos of described box frames are fixed by hawser and ground.
10. collection wind vertical wind power generation as claimed in claim 1 system is characterized in that: described wind-power generating system is installed on level land, the mountain or is marine.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010272913A CN101943127B (en) | 2010-09-02 | 2010-09-02 | Wind collecting vertical type wind power generating system |
| PCT/CN2011/077293 WO2012028042A1 (en) | 2010-09-02 | 2011-07-19 | Vertical wind collection generator system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010272913A CN101943127B (en) | 2010-09-02 | 2010-09-02 | Wind collecting vertical type wind power generating system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101943127A true CN101943127A (en) | 2011-01-12 |
| CN101943127B CN101943127B (en) | 2012-10-24 |
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| CN201010272913A Expired - Fee Related CN101943127B (en) | 2010-09-02 | 2010-09-02 | Wind collecting vertical type wind power generating system |
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| WO (1) | WO2012028042A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101943127B (en) | 2012-10-24 |
| WO2012028042A1 (en) | 2012-03-08 |
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