CN101938040A - Wide-angle range scanning periodical leaky-wave antenna - Google Patents
Wide-angle range scanning periodical leaky-wave antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN101938040A CN101938040A CN2010102377343A CN201010237734A CN101938040A CN 101938040 A CN101938040 A CN 101938040A CN 2010102377343 A CN2010102377343 A CN 2010102377343A CN 201010237734 A CN201010237734 A CN 201010237734A CN 101938040 A CN101938040 A CN 101938040A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a wide-angle range scanning periodical leaky-wave antenna which is a frequency scanning antenna and is suitable for a microwave and millimeter wave antenna feeder system with a wave beam scanning function, such as an intelligent antenna, radar, and the like. The antenna comprises an even microstrip feeder line (1), an intermediate dielectric layer (2) and a bottom surface metal layer (3), wherein the even microstrip feeder line (1) is made of upper surface metal layers; the intermediate dielectric layer (2) is provided with a row of metalized through holes (21); the bottom surface metal layer (3) is provided with a periodical transverse gap (31); both ends of the even microstrip feeder line (1) are respectively provided with trapezoidal microstrip impedance converters (11); and the metalized through holes (21) are communicated with the even microstrip feeder line (1) and the corresponding holes on the bottom surface metal layer (3). The invention has the advantages of low consumption on performance, low outline, light weight, easy integration and easy similarity on structures, and the like. The antenna can be applied to the antenna feeder system on a foundation or a mobile platform (such as airplanes).
Description
Technical field
The periodicity leaky-wave antenna of polarizers of big angle scope scanning is a kind of frequency scan antenna, is applicable to the microwave and millimeter wave antenna-feedback system with beam scanning function, as smart antenna and radar etc.
Background technology
The most outstanding performance of leaky-wave antenna is: by regulating operating frequency, can realize beam scanning.Therefore, this class antenna is widely used in the microwave and millimeter wave antenna-feedback system that development and design has the beam scanning function, as early warning radar, smart antenna etc.Structurally, the feed of leaky-wave antenna part and radiant section combine usually, thereby structure is comparatively compact.
Up to now, people have successfully developed the leaky-wave antenna that satisfies the different system requirement according to the difference of application scenario based on all kinds of microwave transmission lines.For example, in the occasion of antenna feeder equipment profile, weight not being done too much restriction (as the ground radar), people utilize metal waveguide to realize the leaky-wave antenna that loss is low, power capacity is big.For another example, people have realized low, the lightweight leaky-wave antenna of profile based on all kinds of planar transmission lines (as microstrip line, parallel-plate board waveguide, dielectric-slab waveguide etc.) designs, need to be applicable to that antenna is integrated, the microwave and millimeter wave circuit and the system of general character.
Leaky-wave antenna based on metal waveguide and planar transmission line is complementary just on structure and performance.The former loss is low, and power capacity is big, but the profile height, and weight is big, and is not easy of integration; And the latter is in light weight, and is easy of integration, easy general character, but permissive waste is bigger, and power capacity is limited.Therefore, people are making great efforts the novel microwave transmission line that development integrates above-mentioned two class microwave transmission line advantages always, and corresponding leaky-wave antenna.Substrate integration wave-guide and half module substrate integrated wave guide promptly belong to the such class novel microwave transmission structure that satisfies above-mentioned requirements.But both Comparatively speaking, and half module substrate integrated wave guide has littler lateral dimension and wideer single mode operation zone.Just because of have these characteristics and advantage, half module substrate integrated wave guide is applied to developing the leaky-wave antenna with application prospect.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the purpose of this utility model is in order to realize a kind of periodicity leaky-wave antenna of polarizers of big angle scope scanning, on performance, has low-loss, structurally have advantages such as profile is low, in light weight, easy of integration, easy general character, this class antenna can be applied to the antenna-feedback system of (as aircraft) on ground or the mobile platform.
Technical scheme: the periodicity leaky-wave antenna of polarizers of big angle scope scanning periodically is made of the etching transverse slot metallic upper surface or the metal ground at one section straight-through half module substrate integrated wave guide.During design, at first according to the antenna working frequency range, select suitable dielectric substrate material and thickness, half module substrate integrated wave guide width reasonable in design works in the low-loss district of waveguide (being the best effort frequency range) to guarantee antenna.Then, according to the requirement to antenna working frequency range and beam scanning scope, calculating and choosing suitable slit spacing is the slit cycle.Secondly, according to requirement, calculate and choose suitable gap length minor level and gain.At last, the impedance matching network between optimal design antenna and the even half module substrate integrated wave guide has the bandwidth of operation of broad to guarantee antenna, and receives higher input power.
The periodicity leaky-wave antenna of polarizers of big angle scope of the present utility model scanning comprises even microstrip feed line, the middle dielectric layer that is provided with row's plated-through hole that the upper surface metal level constitutes, is provided with the periodically bottom surface metal level of transverse slot, wherein, evenly the two ends of microstrip feed line are respectively equipped with trapezoidal micro belt impedance converter, and hole corresponding on plated-through hole and even microstrip feed line, the bottom surface metal level is connected.
On the described even microstrip feed line, the diameter d of each plated-through hole of row's plated-through hole is 1/8-1/10 duct width w, and the distance s of plated-through hole is 3/2 through-hole diameter d, the length l of trapezoidal micro belt impedance converter
tIt is 1/4 centre frequency guide wavelength.
On the metal level of bottom surface, the space D of slot element is the 1/8-1/2 of the vacuum medium wavelength of centre frequency correspondence, and the width W of slot element is the 1/20-1/10 of vacuum medium wavelength, and the length L of slot element is the 1/10-4/5 of duct width w.
By being listed as horizontal narrow slot at even half module substrate integrated wave guide upper surface metal level or metal ground periodicity etching one; can be so that n=-1 rank space harmonics has fast wave property; all the other each rank space harmonicses then are slow wave; thereby realized microwave energy along in the half module substrate integrated wave guide transmission course continuously to the free space radiation, formed the wave beam that scans with frequency change.By regulating slit spacing (being the cycle), can regulate the working frequency range of antenna on the one hand, can control the speed (being the rate of change of beam scanning angular speed) of beam scanning on the other hand to frequency.By regulating gap length, can control lobe shape (as half power lobe width, minor level etc.) and antenna radiation efficiency.
Beneficial effect: the periodicity leaky-wave antenna of polarizers of big angle scope scanning has following characteristics:
1) has the beam scanning function.If choose the substrate of relative dielectric constant higher (＞10), can realize wave beam (approximately from-75 ° to+75 °) scanning in than polarizers of big angle scope.
2) the tool loss is low, the characteristics that radiation efficiency is high.Theoretical and experimental data shows when half module substrate integrated wave guide is operated in away from cut-off frequency, to have lower insertion loss.This has guaranteed to have higher radiation efficiency based on the antenna of this waveguide development.
3) simple in structure, and because be made on the dielectric substrate, so day low, in light weight, easy of integration, the easy general character of line profile.
4) cost is low.Can use ripe PCB processing technology to make, accuracy of manufacture height is beneficial to batch process.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the periodicity leaky-wave antenna structure 3D figure of polarizers of big angle scope scanning, and Fig. 2 is a top view, and Fig. 3 is a bottom view,
Fig. 4 is the antenna pattern during upper half-space behind the beam position,
Fig. 5 is the antenna pattern directly over the beam position antenna time,
Fig. 6 is the antenna pattern during upper half-space before the beam position,
Fig. 7 is the variation schematic diagram of beam position with frequency,
The spacing of w-half module substrate integrated wave guide width D-slot element (being the cycle)
The length of the length L-slot element of l-half module substrate integrated wave guide
The width of the spacing W-slot element of s-plated-through hole
The diameter of d-plated-through hole
w
tThe width of-trapezoidal micro belt impedance converter
l
tThe length of-trapezoidal micro belt impedance converter
Embodiment
The periodicity leaky-wave antenna of polarizers of big angle scope of the present utility model scanning comprises even microstrip feed line 1, the middle dielectric layer 2 that is provided with row's plated-through hole 21 that the upper surface metal level constitutes, is provided with the periodically bottom surface metal level 3 of transverse slot 31, wherein, evenly the two ends of microstrip feed line 1 are respectively equipped with trapezoidal micro belt impedance converter 11, and hole corresponding on plated-through hole 21 and even microstrip feed line 1, the bottom surface metal level 3 is connected.On the described even microstrip feed line 1, the diameter d of each plated-through hole of row's plated-through hole 21 is 1/8-1/10 duct width w, and the distance s of plated-through hole is 3/2 through-hole diameter d, the length l of trapezoidal micro belt impedance converter
tIt is 1/4 centre frequency guide wavelength.On the bottom surface metal level 3, the space D of slot element is the 1/8-1/2 of the vacuum medium wavelength of centre frequency correspondence, and the width W of slot element is the 1/20-1/10 of vacuum medium wavelength, and the length L of slot element is the 1/10-4/5 of duct width w.
1. this leaky-wave antenna is a planar structure, is based upon upper and lower surface and applies on the dielectric substrate of copper, as shown in Figure 1.
2. according to the antenna working frequency range, choose suitable dielectric substrate thickness and relative dielectric constant.
3. half module substrate integrated wave guide width w reasonable in design works in the single mode operation frequency range of waveguide to guarantee antenna, simultaneously again away from the cut-off frequency of waveguide.
4. according to requirement, as minor level, half power lobe width, radiation efficiency etc., calculate bore and distribute, and then calculate the phase constant and the attenuation constant of n=-1 rank space harmonics the aerial radiation characteristic.
5. select suitable number of slots, the length L and the space D in while optimal design slit are with the phase constant and the attenuation constant of n=-1 rank space harmonics required in the performing step 4.
6. the trapezoidal micro belt impedance converter of optimal design is to realize broad impedance bandwidth and higher input power.
7. the leaky-wave antenna that work in 30GHz-50GHz of Fig. 2 on the thick Rogers5880 dielectric substrate of 0.254mm, realizing.Can see that from Fig. 3 to antenna pattern shown in Figure 5 leaky-wave antenna can produce with frequency change at the narrow beam of antenna y direction scanning.Antenna gain is about 10.0dB.Fig. 6 shows, rises to 58.0GHz with frequency from 32.5GHz, and wave beam is scanned up to preceding upper half-space (120 °) gradually from back upper half-space (42 °).
We have designed a half module substrate integrated wave guide periodicity leaky-wave antenna that works in 30.0GHz-50.0GHz.The substrate dielectric material is Rogers5880, and its thickness is 0.254mm, and relative dielectric constant is 2.2, and loss angle tangent is 0.0009.In order to process facility, we come equivalence to realize that restriction, guiding microwave energy are in the waveguide internal transmission with a metallized elongated longitudinal slot substituted metal through hole fence of inwall.
Table 1 half module substrate integrated wave guide is leaky-wave antenna physical dimension (unit: mm) periodically
| Parameter | w | l | d | W t | l t | W | L | D |
| Numerical value | 2.5 | 100.0 | 0.4 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 1.5 | 5.0 |
1) utilize the half module substrate integrated wave guide technology successfully to design periodically leaky-wave antenna first.This invention is introduced some advantages to antenna in the radiance that has kept common periodicity leaky-wave antenna.For example compare with the leaky-wave antenna of stereo metal waveguide feed, this invention has reduced the profile of antenna effectively, has reduced the weight of antenna, has compressed the lateral dimension of antenna, and it is integrated to make that antenna is easy to the plane, is easy to mounting platform conformal.Compare with the leaky-wave antenna of some planar transmission lines (as microstrip line) feed, new invention has lower damage loss and the radiation efficiency of Geng Gao at millimeter wave band.
2) of the present utility model simple in structure, be convenient to design and processing.
Claims (3)
1. the periodicity leaky-wave antenna of polarizers of big angle scope scanning, it is characterized in that even microstrip feed line (1), the middle dielectric layer (2) that is provided with row's plated-through hole (21) that this antenna comprises the upper surface metal level and constitute, be provided with the periodically bottom surface metal level (3) of transverse slot (31), wherein, evenly the two ends of microstrip feed line (1) are respectively equipped with trapezoidal micro belt impedance converter (11), and plated-through hole (21) is connected with the hole that evenly microstrip feed line (1), bottom surface metal level (3) are upward corresponding.
2. the periodicity leaky-wave antenna of polarizers of big angle scope scanning according to claim 1, it is characterized in that on the described even microstrip feed line (1), the diameter d of each plated-through hole of one row's plated-through hole (21) is 1/8-1/10 duct width w, the distance s of plated-through hole is 3/2 through-hole diameter d, the length l of trapezoidal micro belt impedance converter
tIt is 1/4 centre frequency guide wavelength.
3. the periodicity leaky-wave antenna of polarizers of big angle scope scanning according to claim 1, it is characterized in that on the bottom surface metal level (3), the space D of slot element is the 1/8-1/2 of the vacuum medium wavelength of centre frequency correspondence, the width W of slot element is the 1/20-1/10 of vacuum medium wavelength, and the length L of slot element is the 1/10-4/5 of duct width w.
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| CN2010102377343A CN101938040A (en) | 2010-07-27 | 2010-07-27 | Wide-angle range scanning periodical leaky-wave antenna |
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| CN2010102377343A CN101938040A (en) | 2010-07-27 | 2010-07-27 | Wide-angle range scanning periodical leaky-wave antenna |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102637958A (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2012-08-15 | 中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心 | Composite left-right-hand transmission line type narrow band wide-range frequency scan antenna |
| CN111509393A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-08-07 | 杭州电子科技大学 | One-dimensional plane periodic leaky-wave antenna based on microstrip line structure |
| CN111509392A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-08-07 | 杭州电子科技大学 | High scanning rate antenna of wave beam based on microstrip line structure |
| CN111969308A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2020-11-20 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | Periodic leaky-wave antenna |
| CN112054305A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-12-08 | 南昌大学 | Periodic leaky-wave antenna based on composite left-right-hand structure and highly stable gain |
| CN112054306A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-12-08 | 南昌大学 | Gain-stable periodic microstrip leaky-wave antenna |
| CN112563737A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-03-26 | 中山大学 | Dual-frequency antenna comprising periodic leaky-wave structure and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113745838A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-12-03 | 中山大学 | Leaky-wave antenna with dual-beam radiation |
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| JP2003101338A (en) * | 2001-09-21 | 2003-04-04 | Anritsu Corp | Dielectric leak wave antenna |
| CN201383548Y (en) * | 2009-04-15 | 2010-01-13 | 东南大学 | Microwave and millimeter wave antennas for cars and indoor communications |
| CN201732867U (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2011-02-02 | 东南大学 | Periodic leaky-wave antenna of substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) based on half module |
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2010
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2003101338A (en) * | 2001-09-21 | 2003-04-04 | Anritsu Corp | Dielectric leak wave antenna |
| CN201383548Y (en) * | 2009-04-15 | 2010-01-13 | 东南大学 | Microwave and millimeter wave antennas for cars and indoor communications |
| CN201732867U (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2011-02-02 | 东南大学 | Periodic leaky-wave antenna of substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) based on half module |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| JONG-IG LEE: "Analysis for a Dielectrically Filled Parallel-Plate Waveguide with Finite Number of Periodic Slots in its Upper Wall as a Leaky-Wave Antenna", 《IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION》 * |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102637958A (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2012-08-15 | 中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心 | Composite left-right-hand transmission line type narrow band wide-range frequency scan antenna |
| CN102637958B (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2014-02-12 | 中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心 | Composite left-right-hand transmission line type narrow band wide-range frequency scan antenna |
| CN111509392B (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2022-04-01 | 杭州电子科技大学 | High scanning rate antenna of wave beam based on microstrip line structure |
| CN111509392A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-08-07 | 杭州电子科技大学 | High scanning rate antenna of wave beam based on microstrip line structure |
| CN111509393A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-08-07 | 杭州电子科技大学 | One-dimensional plane periodic leaky-wave antenna based on microstrip line structure |
| CN111509393B (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2022-04-01 | 杭州电子科技大学 | One-dimensional plane periodic leaky-wave antenna based on microstrip line structure |
| CN111969308A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2020-11-20 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | Periodic leaky-wave antenna |
| CN111969308B (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2023-04-28 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | Periodic leaky-wave antenna |
| CN112054305A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-12-08 | 南昌大学 | Periodic leaky-wave antenna based on composite left-right-hand structure and highly stable gain |
| CN112054306A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-12-08 | 南昌大学 | Gain-stable periodic microstrip leaky-wave antenna |
| CN112054305B (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2023-03-14 | 南昌大学 | Periodic leaky-wave antenna based on composite left-right-hand structure and highly stable gain |
| CN112563737A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-03-26 | 中山大学 | Dual-frequency antenna comprising periodic leaky-wave structure and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113745838A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-12-03 | 中山大学 | Leaky-wave antenna with dual-beam radiation |
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Application publication date: 20110105 |