CN101936345A - Torque-excited rotary guide type jaw overrunning clutch and self-locking differential - Google Patents
Torque-excited rotary guide type jaw overrunning clutch and self-locking differential Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an overrunning clutch. The clutch is characterized by comprising two interlinked rotary guide mechanisms M1 and M2, wherein the mechanism M2 which is separated in an overrunning way is provided with an embedding stop mechanism for stopping the embedding of the mechanism M2; the normally embedded mechanism M1 is provided with a re-separation guarantee mechanism for stopping re-engagement of the mechanism M1 in a stop working condition, so that the embedding restoration of the mechanism M2 is smoothly finished. Thus, a lunchbox locking differential which is formed by connecting the overrunning clutches in a duplex way completely eliminates high-frequency collision and noise in the prior art, reduces mechanical wear, improves the bearing capacity and prolongs the life; and most importantly, expensive titanium alloy is not needed any more, so the manufacturing cost of the locker differential is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of overrunning clutch in the mechanical transmission fields, and other transmission device such as coupling, glider or differential gear with self-locking device that comprises this kind engaging and disengaging gear, particularly but not only relate to a kind of free wheel device with the chimeric tooth of end face.
Background technique
According to the Chinese patent application 200710152151.9 of the applicant's proposition and 200710152152.3 free wheel device, though relative prior art has significant superiority on performance and cost performance, be easy to possess the function of two-way working, and obtain being better than the jaw self-locking differential mechanism of prior art, but still there is improvable place in it.For example, the impact for reducing when chimeric and collapse tooth may, guarantees chimeric resetting, its power transmission tooth should have the Surface of action that contracts in the tooth root best, the bearing capacity that this had both reduced the power transmission tooth also is unfavorable for making; And the requirement of the increase spring inlay resultant force that same reason causes directly causes the increase of unloaded drag torque and mechanical wear again.For another example, according to its double rolling key clutch and the jaw self-locking differential mechanism that comprises this clutch, all must have and be included in the independently separation/verge ring that independently separates within the chimeric mechanism, and the shift(ing) ring that in different radial positions, has two all end face teeth.And, for realizing two-way separation, all bigger by the circular gap of the axial chimeric chimeric mechanism of power transmission that forms of power transmission tooth, thus cause the two structure more complicated, manufacture difficulty strengthens, the more remarkable mono-directional overrun clutch that is lower than same according to above-mentioned patent of bearing capacity.
In addition, the so-called lunch boxlike locking differential (Lunchbox Locker Differential) of original differential carrier on a kind of motor vehicle of can directly packing into of the prior art, no-spin lockup in itself and the above-mentioned patent has essentially identical working principle, all be to utilize to surmount to rotate to cause the chimeric mechanism of the power transmission axial separation of transferring shaft one side soon, has transmitting torque and two circumferential axis chimeric mechanism when just it has two axial interlocks to separation function, be equivalent in the above-mentioned patent application power transmission with separate directly same situation upwards fully of two chimeric mechanisms, do not have eseparation ring by one's own efforts.Therefore, its structure seems simple relatively.Simultaneously, power transmission tooth Surface of action need not to contract in tooth root, but the shape that should evagination becomes to be easy to separate.In addition, it all greatly reduces in the precision that keeps the spring that the chimeric stage plays a role and the requirement of dynamics only need not in the chimeric stage.However, still there is following shortcoming in such differential mechanism.The one, differential/surmount when rotating, upwards there is inevitable mechanical impact in week between its power transmission tooth, and is high-frequency rigid impact; Differential/surmount rotating speed is big more, and load is big more, and the number of teeth is many more, and this mechanical impact is just big more frequent more.This is extremely harmful in transmission system, has more quickened the mechanical wear of chimeric tooth, has reduced the reliability and the working life of such differential mechanism.The 2nd, in order to reduce the harm that above-mentioned harmful bump causes, reduction is to the requirement of the strength of materials and surface strength, the tooth depth that the chimeric tooth of impact takes place all is set to very little (maintaining 2 millimeter substantially), thereby has directly limited its bearing capacity and application area.The 3rd, in order to tackle above-mentioned harmful bump, improve working life, the partial component at least of such differential mechanism is made by high-intensity titanium alloy and is formed.This cost that directly doubled, it is too expensive to cause its price.Such as, only having common bearing capacity and be applied to such differential mechanism (that is, not containing the gear loose mail of shell) of common go-anywhere vehicle, its foreign sales unit price is roughly 200～500 dollars, and is domestic then up to about 6,500 yuans.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is devoted to address the above problem.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of its two-way transmission embodiment and unidirectional transmission embodiment and have roughly the same transmission capacity, surmount not collision when rotating, unloaded resistance is relative less with wearing and tearing, need not the rotation guided jaw overrunning clutch of the torque excitation of the chimeric mechanism of independent separate, and differential/surmount does not have impact/crash, the rotation guided jaw no-spin lockup of lower-cost torque excitation when rotating.
For reaching the foregoing invention purpose, the rotation guided jaw overrunning clutch of the present invention's torque excitation, comprise, first rotates guide mechanism, provide axial chimeric pressure by elastic element around same axis is rotating, and in surmounting operating mode, be blocked chimeric mechanism and stop axially chimeric second to rotate guide mechanism, and rotate surpassing in reverse of guide mechanism second and get in the rotation process, before stopping that chimeric mechanism does not remove the relation of stopping, stop first separation again of rotating the guide mechanism engagement to guarantee mechanism; Wherein, belonging to first rotates all to be provided with on the axial facing surfaces of first guide member of guide mechanism and intermediary's member and can be meshing with each other and the guide surface of slippage, belonging to second rotates on the aforementioned intermediary member of guide mechanism and the second guide member both sides' the axial relative fitting end face and all is formed with the chimeric tooth that possesses leading role, under the effect of elastic element, intermediary's member has the trend of shifting to second guide member all the time, belong on the axial fitting end face of the catch ring that stops chimeric mechanism and attached catch ring and all be formed with the blocking teeth that possesses axial barrier functionality, this attached catch ring and second guide member or intermediary's member form as one; In addition, intermediary's member has both can guarantee that the second rotation guide mechanism realization surmounts rotation, can guarantee that again first rotates the axial freedom that guide mechanism is in axial chimeric status all the time, in the power transmission operating mode, first rotates the rotation guiding lift angle of guide mechanism, smaller or equal to the rotation guiding lift angle of the second rotation guide mechanism.
The most also be best, guarantee that mechanism is specially the chimeric mechanism of cotter way formula described the separation again.And the chimeric mechanism of cotter way formula of axial engagement more specifically, its at least one groove and at least one projection be separately positioned on intermediary's member and first guide member or with the circumferentially fixing rotary member of this member on.
Above-mentioned free wheel device can comprise best that at least one is used to limit the limit power element of maximum axial distance between first guide member and second guide member, to form the locking system of an axial force.
Improved, on two circumferencial directions, the above-mentioned first rotation guide mechanism and second is rotated guide mechanism be arranged to all have power transmission and guide function, to stop that chimeric mechanism is arranged to all possess barrier functionality, dispose one again and selectively control the attitude reference device that the first rotation guide mechanism can maybe cannot mesh on two circumferencial directions, can obtain the controlled free wheel device of direction of the present invention.
Similarly, this attitude reference device includes the chimeric mechanism of cotter way formula best, its groove be separately positioned on intermediary's member with projection and first guide member or with the circumferentially fixing rotary member of this guide member on.
Especially, separate assurance mechanism again and can be merged into a mixed organization accordingly with attitude reference device.
In addition, for reaching the foregoing invention purpose, the rotation guided jaw no-spin lockup of the present invention's torque excitation, it forms by the axial duplex of following mode by the free wheel device that above-mentioned direction is controlled, that is, two first guide members connect at least circumferentially fixing one in the relative mode of the end face of no guide surface; Two attitude reference devices are merged into the attitude reference device of an interlock, by circumferential two the intermediary's members that link of the attitude reference device of this interlock, can mesh simultaneously with two first guide members on the identical circumferencial direction, but can not mesh simultaneously with two first guide members on two reciprocal circumferencial directions; Two limit power elements see through two first guide member axial restraints and connect, and so that the mode of axially support to be provided to two second guide members, no-spin lockup are packaged into an integral body.
Again first guide member is specially a axle, and this is fixed in two radial holes of the limit power element that is specially single differential carrier, can obtain improvement project corresponding to so-called lunch boxlike locking differential with curved face type guide surface.
More good improvement project of the present invention is provided by other dependent claims.
Of particular note, the implication of used related notion of present specification or noun is as follows:
Rotate guide mechanism: be used for circumference with this mechanism and relatively rotate to be converted to and axially relatively move or the mechanism of mobile trend.Comprise lead angle strict conformance and not coaxial spiral or part screw mechanism, radial peg groove mechanism, end face wedge mechanism, the chimeric mechanism of end face, end ratchet mechanism and the cylindrical cam mechanism etc. of strict conformance.
Stop operating mode: promptly surmount operating mode, the blocking teeth that stops both sides in the chimeric mechanism touches contact on axially mutually, stops the chimeric working condition of other chimeric mechanism, is that chimeric operating mode is relative with the non-operating mode that stops.
Surmount to rotate and surpass in reverse more and rotate: rotary member the rotating that all is transmission of torque path downstream one side relative to transmission of torque path upstream one side's rotary member, just the former to relatively rotate direction consistent with the peripheral force direction of being transmitted, and the latter to relatively rotate direction just in time opposite with it.
The chimeric degree of depth of full-depth tooth: axial chimeric mechanism is complete when chimeric, by the highest tooth end of all chimeric teeth of side's member to the axial distance the highest tooth end of all chimeric teeth of the opposing party's member.
Minimum barrier height: stop that operating mode (that is, stable chimeric status) carries out the transition to and stop operating mode by non-, stop chimeric mechanism the minimum axial direction distance that must separate.
With respect to existing castellated free wheel device, the present invention has saved independent separation/verge ring and independent separation/directed tooth, power transmission is finished with separating by same chimeric mechanism, not only simplify the structure, made things convenient for processing and fabricating, wearing and tearing have been reduced, but also make free wheel device according to the present invention possess the advantage that the single-direction and dual-direction transmission scheme has roughly the same torque bearing capacity. simultaneously, stop that chimeric mechanism guarantees mechanism with separating again owing to be provided with, more make according to free wheel device of the present invention and no-spin lockup and possessed nothing impact, absence of collision, noise free, chimeric reliable, lower-cost advantage.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is mono-directional overrun clutch of the present invention the simplest embodiment's a axial section.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of catch ring among Fig. 1, (a) is right elevation, (b) is plan view.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of intermediary's member among Fig. 1, (a) is right elevation, (b) is the axial section of plan view, (c) is left view.
Fig. 4 is that relativeness between the flank profil of each mechanism among Fig. 1 is in different operating modes, schematic representation is launched in the part of the radially projecting on same imaginary external cylindrical surface, (a) be to be in first of free wheel device in the power transmission operating mode, second rotates guide mechanism and separates the profile of tooth that guarantees mechanism again and concern schematic representation, (b) be that the profile of tooth that stops chimeric mechanism corresponding to (a) concerns schematic representation, (c) be to be in first of the free wheel device that surmounts/stop in the operating mode, second rotates guide mechanism and separates the profile of tooth that guarantees mechanism again and concern schematic representation, (d) be that the profile of tooth that stops chimeric mechanism corresponding to (c) concerns schematic representation, arrow is represented the rotational velocity and the direction of respective members.
Fig. 5 is the axial section to the mono-directional overrun clutch after Fig. 1 simple deformation.
Fig. 6 is the axial section with mono-directional overrun clutch of packing forms one of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the axial section with mono-directional overrun clutch of packing forms two of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of semicircle shell-type limit power element among Fig. 7, (a) is the right elevation that partly cuts open, and (b) is the plan view that partly cuts open.
Fig. 9 is the axial section of double rolling key clutch of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the structural representation of cylindrical cam formula actuating ring among Fig. 9.
Figure 11 is the structural representation of annular steel disc formula spring among Fig. 9.
Figure 12 is that relativeness between the flank profil of each mechanism among Fig. 9 is in different operating modes, schematic representation is launched in the part of the radially projecting on same imaginary external cylindrical surface, (a) be to be in first of free wheel device in the power transmission operating mode, second rotates guide mechanism and separates the profile of tooth that guarantees mechanism and attitude reference device again and concern schematic representation, (b) be that the profile of tooth that stops chimeric mechanism corresponding to (a) concerns schematic representation, (c) be to be in first of the free wheel device that surmounts/stop in the operating mode, second rotates guide mechanism and separates the profile of tooth that guarantees mechanism and attitude reference device again and concern schematic representation, (d) be that the profile of tooth that stops chimeric mechanism corresponding to (c) concerns schematic representation, arrow is represented the rotational velocity and the direction of respective members.
Figure 13 is the axial section of tooth embedding no-spin lockup of the present invention.
Figure 14 is first among Figure 13, second rotates guide mechanism and separates the profile of tooth that guarantees mechanism and attitude reference device again and close and lie in the different operating modes, schematic representation is launched in the part of the radially projecting on same imaginary external cylindrical surface, (a) be to concern schematic representation corresponding to the half of profile of tooth that stops chimeric mechanism in the left side of (b), (b) be that vehicle is when being in the left steering drive condition, the profile of tooth of the associated mechanisms of its tooth embedding no-spin lockup concerns schematic representation, wherein, left side one side of something is in the power transmission operating mode, right one side of something is in and surmounts/stop operating mode, (c) be to concern schematic representation corresponding to the half of profile of tooth that stops chimeric mechanism in the right side of (b), arrow is represented the rotational velocity and the direction of respective members.
Figure 15 is the axial section of improved lunch boxlike locking differential of the present invention.
Figure 16 is the structural representation of intermediary's member among Figure 15, (a) is right elevation, (b) be plan view axially partly cut open figure, (c) be left view.
Figure 17 is the structural representation that guarantees member among Figure 15, (a) is worm's eye view, (b) is the sectional drawing of plan view.
Figure 18 is first among Figure 15, second rotates guide mechanism and separates the profile of tooth that guarantees mechanism and attitude reference device again and close and lie in the different operating modes, schematic representation is launched in the part of the radially projecting on same imaginary external cylindrical surface, (a) be to concern schematic representation corresponding to the half of profile of tooth that stops chimeric mechanism in the left side of (b), (b) be that vehicle is when being in the left steering drive condition, the profile of tooth of the associated mechanisms of its differential mechanism concerns schematic representation, wherein, left side one side of something is in the power transmission operating mode, right one side of something is in and surmounts/stop operating mode, (c) be to concern schematic representation corresponding to the half of profile of tooth that stops chimeric mechanism in the right side of (b), (d) be that vehicle is when being in the right steering travelling state, the profile of tooth of the associated mechanisms of its differential mechanism concerns schematic representation, wherein, left side one side of something is in and surmounts/stop operating mode, right one side of something is in the power transmission operating mode, (e) be that vehicle is when being in the left steering sliding state, the profile of tooth of the associated mechanisms of its differential mechanism concerns schematic representation, wherein, left side one side of something is in anti-power transmission operating mode of dragging motor, and right one side of something is in and surmounts/stop operating mode; Arrow is represented the rotational velocity and the direction of respective members.
Embodiment
Necessary explanation: in the text of this specification and the institute's drawings attached, same or analogous member and characteristic portion all adopt identical label symbol, and only give necessary explanation when they occur for the first time.Equally, the also working mechanism or the process of the identical or similar means of not repeat specification.In addition, for difference is arranged in identical member or characteristic portion on symmetry or the corresponding position, this specification has added letter in its numbering back, and in the general reference explanation or when need not to distinguish, will not make to distinguish also additional any letter.
Embodiment one: mono-directional overrun clutch C1
Referring to Fig. 1,3,4, the clutch C1 of axle-shaft drive form is according to simple embodiment of the present invention.It comprises that first rotates guide mechanism M1, and this mechanism is an axial chimeric mechanism that comprises first guide member 50 and intermediary's member 70.Wherein, be fixed on first guide member 50 of the ring-type on the first rotating shaft (not shown) that axis X is rotated by flat key, its radially inner side is formed with the pipe shape matrix 58 that extends to right-hand member, circumferentially be evenly equipped with the zigzag first guiding tooth 52 on the radial outside right side, this tooth has spiral flute profile guide surface 54 and is parallel to the non-guide surface 56 of axis X, referring to Fig. 4 (a).Correspondingly, sky is enclosed within on the left side of the intermediary's member 70 on the pipe shape matrix 58, circumferentially be evenly equipped with the zigzag high guiding tooth 72 of equivalent amount, this tooth has and the spiral flute profile guide surface 74 of guide surface 54 complementations and the non-guide surface 76 of the X that parallels to the axis, referring to Fig. 3 (b)～(c).Here, guide surface 54 and 74 has identical lift angle α, therefore, guiding forces relatively rotating of two guide surface tight engagement between the tooth 52 and 72, not only can transmitting torque, also can cause intermediary's member 70 relative first guide members 50 axially to move to right/separate, referring to Fig. 4.
Second of clutch C1 rotates guide mechanism M2, is the chimeric mechanism of end face that comprises the intermediary's member 70 and second guide member 60.Shown in Fig. 3 (a)～(b), on the right side of intermediary's member 70, circumferentially being evenly equipped with cross section is trapezoidal short guiding tooth 82, and it has the screw type guide surface 84 that Topland 86 and two lift angles are β, best, and α＜β.Accordingly, be fixed on second guide member 60 of (not shown) in second rotating shaft that axis X is rotated by flat key, circumferentially be evenly equipped with the second guiding tooth 62 of equivalent amount on its left side, this tooth has two screw type guide surfaces with guide surface 84 complementations.Therefore, relatively rotating of lead tooth 62 and 82 has transmitting torque and the double action that causes intermediary's member 70 axially to move to left/separate, referring to Fig. 4.For improving the chimeric promptness that resets of guide mechanism M2, on pipe shape matrix 58 outer circumferential faces, be set with specially and be specially helical spring elastic element 120, the one end is conflicted at the internal diameter position of first guide member 50, and an end is conflicted on four radial protrusions 92 that are formed on intermediary's member 70 inner peripheral surfaces.
In addition, referring to Fig. 1～4, clutch C1 comprises also and stops the chimeric M3 of mechanism that this mechanism is made up of catch ring 100 and attached catch ring.Catch ring 100 is intumescent elastic opening rings, by the frictional force that radial elastic produced, its outer circumferential face 114 can rub and be adjacent to with trackslipping on the interior edge face of the second guiding tooth 62, to guarantee that its slip end face 112 is adjacent on the respective support end face of second guide member 60 at the second guiding tooth 62 inner positions, 116 skies of inner circumferential surface are enclosed within outside the pipe shape matrix 58.Obviously, the interior edge face of the outer circumferential face 114 and the second guiding tooth 62 can be complementary inverted cone turning surface, so that catch ring 100 is adjacent to above-mentioned support end face more reliably.In the nature of things, in other masterpiece time spent that does not have greater than above-mentioned frictional force, catch ring 100 will be followed second guide member, 60 unitary rotation.
Again referring to Fig. 2, be provided with three blocking teeth 102 and teeth groove 108 at the radial outside of catch ring ring-type matrix 110 towards intermediary's member 70, blocking teeth 102 has spiral working surface 104 and the Topland 106 of stopping that lift angle is λ.Attached catch ring and intermediary's member 70 form as one, and its attached blocking teeth 122 just in time is arranged on the interior radially extending body of four corresponding short guiding teeth 82, and have and stop the spiral working surface 124 that stops of working surface 104 complementations.Here, | ζ |＜λ≤ξ, ζ and ξ can make surmounting/stopping stopping by both party in the operating mode that working surface is axially to the above-mentioned minimum and the maximum lift angle that stops working surface of the secondary successful self-locking of the formed static friction of top contact.
Axially just in time fuse referring to Fig. 1～3, four radial protrusion 92 and four attached blocking teeths 122, do not contact between its step surface 93 and the blocking teeth Topland 106.Apparently, this is the consideration for simplified structure, is not essential feature of the present invention, comprises the quantity of radial protrusion 92 and blocking teeth 102,122.Similarly, in order to have better radial location effect, can increase the quantity of radial protrusion 92 and attached blocking teeth 122, perhaps the single-revolution with the two is increased to such as the degree of three short guiding teeth 82 of complete leap just in time to width.In addition, about stopping the relation of the chimeric M3 of mechanism, catch ring 100 and axial constraint method thereof, they and other member, and about the explanation of ζ and ξ, in the applicant's Chinese patent application 200710152155.7,200710152152.3 and 200710152151.9, more detailed careful description is arranged, above-mentioned three patent applications are cited by the present application therewith on the whole, are no longer described in detail.
Be provided with the clutch C1 proper functioning that stops the chimeric M3 of mechanism for making, the present invention also is provided with crucial separation more specially and guarantees the M4 of mechanism.The M4 of this mechanism comprises the assurance groove 134 that is arranged on first guide member, 50 Bottom lands, and the chimeric mechanism of cotter way formula of axial engagement of assurance projection 132 that is arranged on the high guiding tooth 72 Topland relevant positions of intermediary's member 70, referring to Fig. 1,3,4.Understand easily, guarantee that projection 132 can be integrally formed, also can form in advance, again to form as one such as any modes such as interference fit, welding, thread type are fixedly connected and intermediary's member 70.
In conjunction with working procedure clutch C1 is described further again below.
Contrast Fig. 4 and Fig. 1, first guide member 50 is by the first rotating shaft rotary driving (counter clockwise direction of being observed by Fig. 1 left end, corresponding to the direction of arrow among Fig. 4), so, the first guiding tooth 52 is by the rubbing contact of guide surface 54 and 74, promote intermediary's members 70 rotation and axially press to second guide member 60 in the same way by high guiding tooth 72, thereby force short guiding tooth 82 closely chimeric, with transmission of torque to the second guide member 60 and finally drive second rotating shaft and rotate with the second guiding tooth 62.Because α＜β, and the torque on intermediary's member 70 does not have the 3rd input output path, therefore, act on the axial thrust load of this member left end torque, with all the time greater than the axial thrust load that acts on this member right-hand member torque, and the trend that causes intermediary's member 70 to have all the time axially to move to right (axially causes for stable is, it is the zero non-vanishing extra support normal power of axial thrust load sum of adding that two flanks of the second guiding tooth 62 provide the additional torque sum to this member), thereby that guarantees that itself and second guide member 60 form second rotates guide mechanism M2 and is in cocksure chimeric status, no matter and level of torque and inelastic component 120 is arranged.That is, clutch C1 is in absolute stable again power transmission operating mode, unless associated components is destroyed.
At this moment, though the first and second rotation guide mechanism M1, M2 are in chimeric power transmission state, the former is in the incomplete chimeric status of axial chimeric degree of depth minimum, and the latter then is in the complete chimeric status that equals the chimeric depth D of full-depth tooth.Axial spacing/degrees of freedom the Q of the Topland 78 of the tooth bottom surface of the first guiding tooth 52 and assurance projection 132 and high guiding tooth 72, respectively greater than zero and the chimeric depth D of full-depth tooth, promptly, Q＞D, just reserved second and rotated guide mechanism M2 when separating fully, axially the move to left free space of required axial and circumferential of intermediary's member 70 is referring to Fig. 4 (a), (c).Simultaneously, in the chimeric status,
＜D, that is, and minimum barrier height
Axial distance between the minimum edge H point/line that stops working surface 124 of the minimum edge T point/line that stops working surface 104 of blocking teeth 102 just, and attached blocking teeth 122 is less than the chimeric depth D of full-depth tooth of the second rotation guide mechanism M2.
Therefore, when second guide member 60 rotates comparatively fast than first guide member 50, it drove intermediary's member 70 before this and rotated relative to the latter together, on the non-guide surface 76 of back two members and 56 non-friction self-locking ground mutually after the conflict, relend and help both sides' rotating spirally between the intermeshing guide surface of tooth 62 and 82 of leading to derive intermediary's member 70 relative to friction slip, axial separation distance until the two equals the chimeric depth D of full-depth tooth, referring to Fig. 4 (a), (c).And non-guide surface 76 and 56 inconsistent after, guarantee that projection 132 will just in time be aimed to guarantee groove 134.So, along with axially moving to left of intermediary's member 70, guarantee that projection 132 will embed in the assurance groove 134 synchronously, until chimeric depth d, separate the chimeric process that guarantees the M4 of mechanism again to finish.Here, obviously there is following relation: the d＜D that do not wait.
Again referring to Fig. 4 (b)～(d), above-mentioned axial separation distance also do not reach D but greater than
When, stop the minimum edge H point/line of working surface 124, must axially cross the minimum edge T point/line that stops working surface 104 relatively.Therefore, when above-mentioned separation process finishes, just the axial separation distance of intermediary's member 70 relative second guide members 60 reaches when the chimeric depth D of full-depth tooth for the first time, stop that working surface 124 inevitable having jumped onto stop working surface 104, set up the static friction relation of stablizing self-locking with it in the helical rotation process.Power on the static friction face of this self-locking makes catch ring 100 can overcome various surface friction drag and follows relative integratedly second guide member 60 friction of attached catch ring and trackslip.That is to say that the blocking teeth 102 and 122 that stops the chimeric M3 of mechanism has been set up and stable the top stopped relation on axial separation distance equals the height of D.So correspondingly, second guide member 60 rotated relative to surmounting of intermediary's member 70, the pure friction of zero collision that also just just in time maintains the two the axial zero distance contact state that trackslips.
In above-mentioned surmounting/stop in the operating mode, separate the chimeric depth d that guarantees the M4 of mechanism again, more than or equal to chimeric depth D of full-depth tooth and minimum barrier height
Difference.That is,
Wherein,
Representative stops H point/line in the operating mode and the axial distance between T point/line.Therefore, as long as the relation that stops exists, do not break away from top contact with stopping working surface 104 as long as just stop working surface 124, assurance projection 132 just can not shift out and guarantee groove 134.And because δ＜Δ promptly, stops in the operating mode that separation guarantees the circumferential degrees of freedom/gap delta of the M4 of mechanism on guide surface 54 and 74 mutual direction of closing again, less than the circular gap Δ between guide surface 54 and 74.Therefore, do not remove and separate the engomphosis relation that guarantees the M4 of mechanism, guide surface 54 and 74 just can not be conflicted or engagement mutually, and first rotates guide mechanism M1 also just can not bring into play the rotation leading role certainly once more.
In addition, the friction self-locking relation between working surface 124 and 104 of stopping only is present in can make two to stop that the lift angle of working surface is positive surmounting in the rotation, to make it be during surpassing in reverse of bearing rotated more and never be present in, because the lift angle λ ' during rotate back one=-λ＜-| ζ |, dropped on fully outside the lower limit of self-locking necessary condition λ ' 〉=ζ.Therefore, surpass in reverse more and rotate at the beginning, stop that original friction self-locking relation will disappear at once between the working surface, catch ring 100 will no longer be followed attached catch ring unitary rotation, support on the end face but be still in it, and just relative second guide member 60 is static.
So, when second guide member 60 than the moment that first guide member 50 rotates slowlyer, surpass in reverse and rotate more beginning, referring to Fig. 4 (c) and 4 (d).Second guide member 60 drives catch ring 100 relative intermediary members 70 to the motion of paper below, and 70 quilts of intermediary's member separate the assurance M4 of mechanism again and circumferentially stop on first guide member 50.Stopping working surface 124 and 104 the other side that slips away mutually, blocking teeth 102 and 122 breaks away from the releasing of axially contact being touched and stops on the threshold state point of relation, has two kinds of situations appearance.First kind of situation is, before arriving this threshold state point, guiding tooth 62 and 82 both sides' guide surface does not take place to conflict or engagement, so, be subjected to that intermediary's members 70 that elastic element 120 continues compressing will recover and the engomphosis relation of second guide member 60 on the first chimeric point, cause stop chimeric the resetting of the chimeric M3 of mechanism in, also cause to separate again and guarantee that the M4 of mechanism removes engomphosis relation simultaneously, thereby stopping to surpass in reverse more of the latter rotates, and the beginning transmitting torque, clutch C1 enters the power transmission operating mode once more.
Second kind of situation be, before arriving this threshold state point or when, guiding tooth 62 and 82 both sides' guide surface has taken place to conflict or mesh.At this moment, the leading role of rotating is got in surpassing in reverse that this conflict or engagement produced, with intermediary's member 70 of the certain altitude that promotes along stopping of tilting to have descended/to have moved to right on working surface 104 axially, the pressure that overcomes elastic element 120 separates once more/moves to left to the height corresponding to the chimeric depth D of full-depth tooth.And stoped guide surface 54 and 74 s' mutual conflict or engagement owing to separate to guarantee the M4 of mechanism again, therefore, this detaching motion again is achieved.Because the highest edge that stops working surface 124 on the attached blocking teeth 122 is lower than the Topland 106 of blocking teeth 102 on axially all the time, so, rotating more surpassing in reverse, the teeth groove notch of catch ring 100 can not miss attached blocking teeth 122, and can only be stopped by the latter.So after intermediary's member 70 separated once more and turns over a guiding tooth 62 relatively, the blocking teeth 102 that has almost equal angle of circumference stopped relation with 122 inevitable releasings already, and is on the geometric position that can chimericly reset at any time.That is, second kind of situation has been converted to first kind of situation this moment, and after this process no longer repeats as mentioned above.As seen, in second kind of situation, chimeric the resetting of the intermediary's member 70 and second guide member 60 only is pushed round angle corresponding to guiding tooth 62 late.
What must particularly point out is, promote the power that intermediary's member 70 rises once more/moves to left and moves in above-mentioned second kind of situation, come from second turn among the guide mechanism M2 guiding tooth 62 and 82 corresponding to the normal force between the flank that surpasses in reverse sense of rotation more, this normal force has the trend that promotes the paper below motion of intermediary's member 70 in Fig. 4.If be not provided with to separate again and guarantee the M4 of mechanism, so, this normal force must cause first to turn to the guide surface 54 and 74 among the guide mechanism M1 to conflict or engagement, and because α＜β, therefore, this normal force is inevitable to turn to the rotation leading role of guide mechanism M1 to produce axial separation intermediary member 70 by first again, just orders about this member right-hand mobile contradiction trend in Fig. 4 on the contrary.And this contradiction trend or finally stoped by second guide member 60, the self-locking relation that is directed to the friction pair between face 54 and 74 stops (as | β-α | during less than friction angle). and consequently surpass in reverse to rotate improperly more and stop, not only can not be reached for the purpose that realizes that the chimeric necessary intermediary member 70 that resets separates once more, but also the damage that collapses of will directly cause leading tooth 62 or 82, perhaps integrally-built damage.As seen, do not separate the existence that guarantees the M4 of mechanism again, clutch C1 can not recover chimeric and proper functioning, more will cause inevitable damage.
By above-mentioned explanation as seen, no matter the work of clutch C1 is transmitting torque or surmount rotation, finishes by rotating guide mechanism, does not have independent force transmission mechanism and separating mechanism.And, surmount in the rotation, guiding tooth 62 and 82 do not exist any impact or collision, the two relatively rotate the zero collision status that is in simple sliding friction.Simultaneously, because α＜β, to turn to guide mechanism M2 not collapse tooth jeopardously chimeric smoothly in order to guarantee second, elastic element 120 not for another example the castellated free wheel device of prior art need bigger elastic force like that, tooth root contracts in more need not to lead tooth 62 and 82.Therefore, with respect to prior art, the unloaded resistance of clutch C1 is relative less with wearing and tearing, and the chimeric mechanism of power transmission is definitely firmly more chimeric.
Apparently, the concrete form of the unqualified elastic element 120 of the present invention.It can have any form, as long as have function corresponding.Similarly, it is optimised form that intermediary's member 70, the first and second guide members 50,60 are specially annular component, but not for essential.
Equally significantly, separating the assurance M4 of mechanism more also can be mechanisms such as other any machinery that possesses same function, electromagnetism, hydraulic pressure.As long as can in stopping operating mode, stop the conflict or the engagement of guide surface 54 and 74.Even and if the chimeric mechanism of cotter way formula, its assurance projection 132 and assurance groove 134 also can axially be gone up reversing of position, perhaps be separately positioned on rotary member (for example limit power element 188 among Fig. 6) with first guide member, 50 circumferential one, with with the rotary member of intermediary's member 70 circumferential one on, even can have by moving axially the whether chimeric radial mode layout of decision.
Analysis chart 1 is not difficult to find that append two snap rings 196 and 198 simply, clutch C1 can simple deformation be the mono-directional overrun clutch C2 with wheel-shaft drive form shown in Figure 5 just.Wherein, sky is enclosed within on the outer circumferential face of second guide member 60 on the transmission shaft 200 and is formed with the gear teeth 182, with by its meshing relation and extraneous transmitting torque.First guide member 50 and transmission shaft 200 link to each other by spline tooth.Guarantee that projection 132 is arranged on the Topland of the first guiding tooth 52, guarantee that 134 of grooves are arranged on the relevant position of high guiding tooth 72 tooth bottom surfaces of intermediary's member.
Further, clutch C1 also can be improved to the mono-directional overrun clutch C3 with packing forms one as shown in Figure 6 best.Wherein, the cup-shaped shell-type limit power element 188 with center hole is anchored on the radial outside of first guide member 50 by nut 204, to form a sectional casing.This sectional casing rotatably radially is fixed on respectively on the pipe shape matrix 68 that extends to two ends of second guide member 60 by two bearings 206 again, thereby surround a tubular cavity, encapsulate with other member with clutch, making it become one can self-existent complete mono-directional overrun clutch.Obviously, all axial forces of its inside all are closed in this sectional casing.
Fig. 7 shows the axle-shaft drive formula mono-directional overrun clutch C4 with packing forms two.Wherein, in axial two ends as shown in Figure 8 are provided with radially two semicircle shell-types of flange limit power element 184a and 184b radial abutment be combined into a complete ring seal shell, all the other all members of clutch are closed in its tubular cavity rotationally.And on the outer circumferential face of the complete annular end face flange that is combined into respectively by two the semi-circular end face flange 186a and the 186b of its two outer end, then be set with two circumferential band, 180, two limits power element 184a and therefore 184b is fastened into a compostle member in the mode of interference fit.
Observe clutch C4, those of ordinary skills can expect, can be formed with the power transmission characteristic surface such as keyway, the gear teeth on the outer circumferential face of semicircle shell-type limit power element 184, but also can directly tightly be enclosed within two modes of limitting the radial outside of power element 184a and 184b with ring gear, this two member is connected into a complete fixing closed shell, thus cancellation circumferential band 180.And, adopt such as modes such as welding, riveted joint or nut connections, also these two limit power elements 184 can be tightened to a compostle member/fixing integral body.Even, the second guiding tooth, 62 grades can be integrally formed on the corresponding interior edge face of two limit power elements 184, to cancel independently second guide member 60.
Embodiment two: double rolling key clutch C5
Comparison diagram 9 and Fig. 6 are as can be known, present embodiment is that clutch C3 has been carried out following main improved result, promptly, a M5 of attitude reference device and actuating mechanism have been increased, and be corresponding to two different circumference operative orientations, the non-guide surface 56 and 76 among the first rotation guide mechanism M1 is made into 54b and the 74b for being symmetrical in guide surface 54a and 74a; Each blocking teeth 102 all circumferentially has two symmetrically and stops working surface 104a and 104b; Each attached blocking teeth 122 all circumferentially has two symmetrically and stops working surface 124a and 124b, and week upwards just in time crosses over two short guiding teeth 82, referring to Figure 12.
Wherein, the cylindrical cam formula actuating ring 160 of actuating mechanism is axially fixed on the outward extending pipe shape matrix 58 of first guide member 50 rotationally by snap ring 196, referring to Fig. 9,10, it has two lift angles is cylindrical cam projection 162a and the 162b of P towards reciprocal axial change in elevation, and the through hole 164 of and lowest surfaces the highest along the leap camming surface that forms to the midline in week of these two projectioies.The center line of this through hole 164 is centre of curvature with the axis X, and this interval, center line two ends angle of circumference is greater than ε.
Two directed shape bodies of selling 140a and 140b of the M5 of attitude reference device pass through hole 164a and 164b, be inlaid in slidably respectively in two axial holes of first guide member, 50 exterior edge faces corresponding to the first guiding tooth Bottom land, shown in Fig. 9,12 (a), (c).Be installed in the elasticity lug 172 of the spring 170 of the actuating mechanism between snap ring 196 and the actuating ring 160, the tail end of two directed pins 140 is continuously applied elastic pressure, the stop shaft shoulder of latter's rear is conflicted all the time on the respective cam surfaces of cam 162.Referring to Figure 11, two the elasticity lug 172a and the 172b of steel disc formula spring 170 are formed on the radial outside of annular matrix 176, and are shaped in advance from the bending angle of its root deflection actuating ring 160.This spring is circumferentially fixing by the interior radially projection 174 relative pipe shape matrixes 58 that it is entrenched in the axial notch 178.
Be simplified structure, two directed pin 140 still two assurances protruding 132 simultaneously.Accordingly, 146 of two guide slots of the M5 of mechanism are separately positioned on two Toplands of high guiding tooth 72 of intermediary's member 70, and a circumferential side of its groove bottom then is formed with accordingly separates the assurance groove 134 that guarantees the M4 of mechanism again.
In the present embodiment, the M5 of attitude reference device has such effect that is provided with, promptly, actuating ring 160 clockwise or rotate counterclockwise the ε angle, directed pin 140a and 140b must have one in the two, Fig. 9 for example, orientation pin 140b in 12, by an axial distance P of cam 162 liftings/move to left and the whole tooth bottom surface that is lower than the first guiding tooth 52, simultaneously, another directed pin 140, Fig. 9 for example, orientation pin 140a in 12 is forced down/moves to right an axial distance P because cam 162 is removed axially support by corresponding elasticity lug 172, so that should embed corresponding guide slot 146 by orientation pin 140.Promptly, directed pin 140 is fully reciprocal with the chimeric status of two chimeric mechanisms of cotter way formula that guide slot 146 is formed, the each time swing type of actuating ring 160 between the ε angle of circumference rotates, and all must cause one of them to remove chimeric status, and cause another to enter chimeric status.In other words, the reciprocal rotation of actuating ring 160 between the ε angle of circumference once can be finished once directed action, and the operative orientation of clutch C5 (transmitting torque and surmount rotate pairing circumferencial direction) is fixed on the definite circumferencial direction.
In addition, referring to Figure 12, the physical dimension between associated components or the characteristic portion also has such numerical relation, that is, D＜Q＜P＜Q+R, wherein, R represents the axial depth of guide slot 146, the implication of other symbol is the same.Should be pointed out that in passing that also for convenience of description, two orientation pin 140a and 140b that radially are oppositely arranged haply have been drawn in two adjacent teeth groove in Figure 12.
Continuation is referring to Fig. 9,12, these two figure performances be the position relation of clutch C5 when being oriented at first operative orientation, its directed pin 140a and guide slot 146a are in chimeric status.In the chimeric operating mode of the transmitting torque that shows shown in Figure 12 (a), guide surface 54a and 74a conflict/engagement are with transmitting torque, and directed pin 140a with guide slot 146a any conflict does not take place.And surmounting/stopping in the operating mode shown in Figure 12 (c), the trough wall surface 148a of directed pin 140a and guide slot 146a conflicts mutually, when stoping guide surface 54b and 74b conflict/engagement, also directly slip into and guarantee groove 134a, realize separating again the chimeric of the assurance M4a of mechanism along trough wall surface 148a.That is, be specially the circumferential degrees of freedom F of the M5 of attitude reference device of the chimeric mechanism of cotter way formula
aAnd F
b, only allow first to rotate guide mechanism M1 and on first operative orientation, possess leading role uniquely, and how much of its axial spacings no matter.At this moment, trough wall surface 148a is equivalent to the non-guide surface 76 among Fig. 1,4, and the respective side of directed pin 140a is equivalent to non-guide surface 56, and double rolling key clutch C5 is equal to mono-directional overrun clutch C1 fully.Because symmetric relation, be readily appreciated that, remove the chimeric status of directed pin 140a and guide slot 146a, and order directed pin 140b and guide slot 146b enter chimeric status, double rolling key clutch C5 will be configured to a mono-directional overrun clutch that rotates by second operative orientation, and this second operative orientation is just in time opposite with the operative orientation of mono-directional overrun clutch C1.
As seen, as long as operative orientation is certain, clutch C5 just is equal to the mono-directional overrun clutch by this direction work fully, so, behind the explanation orientation process, unnecessary its transmitting torque of repeat specification, surmount and rotate and the chimeric working procedure that resets, related description sees also embodiment one.
Contrast Figure 12 and Fig. 4 can find, two second rotation guide mechanism M2 are in full accord, therefore be not difficult to reach a conclusion, double rolling key clutch C5 and mono-directional overrun clutch C1 have roughly suitable torque transfer capability, especially rotate among the guide mechanism M1 under the guide surface number situation about equally on the single direction both first.In addition significantly, do not have the chimeric mechanism that independently separates of the prior art among the clutch C5, the chimeric mechanism of this mechanism and power transmission is mixed into second and has rotated guide mechanism M2.
What must remark additionally is, surpass in reverse and get in the rotation process, owing to stop can not make progress in the week flank of direct conflict blocking teeth 102 of the highest edge of working surface 124, therefore, can't as among the clutch C1, utilize this method to guarantee to stop that the chimeric of the chimeric M3 of mechanism resets.And can only utilize the method for the inlet nargin K of this mechanism of increasing in the known technology, that is, and K＞θ
c+ θ f+ γ,
(related symbol is represented the angle of circumference between corresponding points, referring to Figure 12).Here, θ
cRepresent the pairing circumference angle of short guiding tooth 82 Toplands, θ
fRepresent the pairing circumference angle of second guiding tooth 62 Toplands, γ represents second to rotate guide mechanism M2 realization axial separation institute smallest circle round angle in relative rotation.Relevant detailed description can be consulted the applicant's Chinese patent application 200710152155.7,200710152152.3 and 200710152151.9, and these three applications are cited by the present application therewith on the whole.
What also should illustrate in passing is, the M5 of attitude reference device changes the operation of operative orientation, surmounting/stopping operating mode or chimeric/non-stopping in the operating mode all can carry out, and can not influence the proper functioning of clutch C5, but when only the operative orientation of really setting according to the M5 of attitude reference device at clutch C5 rotated, the orientation pin 140 and the guide slot 146 that arrive correct circumferential position each other could really enter chimeric status.Be not difficult to expect that the M5 of attitude reference device goes up except the operative orientation of clutch C5 being defined in forward or backwards, but also can append be defined in absolute transmission or not transmitting torque two-way go up or zero direction on.Such as, actuating ring 160 is improved a little, just can realize two directed pins 140 state of axial retraction simultaneously, at this moment, clutch C5 is equivalent to one and is defined in the two-way jaw positivecontact coupling that surmounts on the transmitting torque zero direction of going up, and perhaps, can realize the state that two directed pins 140 axially stretch out simultaneously, at this moment, clutch C5 is equivalent to one and is defined in the absolute ordinary clutch of separating that surmounts on the transmitting torque and both direction on the zero direction.Apparently, clutch C5 is easy to be used as two-way or unidirectional glider and is applied to various motor vehicle.And, analyze a little and just know, clutch C5 is oriented on first and second operative orientations, the circle spacing angle of the circumferential mid point of the zone of action of its intermediary's member 70 relative first guide members 50 is exactly ε, and the essence of the M5 of attitude reference device work is exactly to set up to get in touch between these two mid points and corresponding zone of action.It is schemes of being convenient to illustrate most that two directed pins 140 are set, and in fact, in axialmode or the chimeric mechanism of radial mode cotter way formula, is a well selection but use the cam pin of rotation or the normal inserted type of eccentric grove.About this respect, and the various distortion or the application of double rolling key clutch, also have a lot of the introduction in the known technology.For example, just announced numerous embodiments in the above-mentioned patent application that is cited, can consult, no longer repeated here, but with above-mentioned patent application reference in the lump in this.
Understand easily, the present invention does not do too much to limit to the M5 of attitude reference device, comprises structure, present position and quantity etc.In fact, guarantee that the M4 of mechanism is the same with separating, two mechanisms as long as exist again, and it can be the chimeric mechanism of cotter way formula of axialmode and radial mode, and perhaps other possesses the mechanisms such as any machinery, electromagnetism, hydraulic pressure of same function.Even if the chimeric mechanism of cotter way formula, its pin and groove be reversing of position mutually also, perhaps be separately positioned on the rotary member with first guide member, 50 circumferential one such as the power of limit element 188, and/or with the rotary member of intermediary's member 70 circumferential one on.
Embodiment three: tooth embedding no-spin lockup D1
Referring to Figure 13,14, differential mechanism D1 is exactly in fact with two axial duplexs of double rolling key clutch C5, and with circumferentially a kind of improvement application of interlock of two intermediary's members 70.
It mainly improves and is, the first guiding tooth 52 is arranged on two end faces of first guide member 50 symmetrically, differential carrier 190 replaces cup-shaped shell-type limit power element 188 two rotation guide mechanism one is encapsulated, elastic element 120 acts directly between member 70a of intermediary and the 70b best, two cotter way formula M5 of attitude reference device are independent of two and separate the assurance M4 of mechanism again, and are merged into the M5 of attitude reference device of an interlock.Referring to Figure 13,14, the M5 of attitude reference device is arranged on orientation pin 140 on the high guiding of the right-hand member tooth 72b Topland mid point, that axially passes first guide member 50 dodges through hole 59, is entrenched in unvaryingly in the guide slot 146 that is formed on the high guiding of the left end tooth 72a Topland mid point.Obviously, in the chimeric power transmission operating mode of non-differential, the axial clearance of the M5 of this mechanism gets final product greater than the chimeric depth D of full-depth tooth, and, its directed pin 140 can pass through the rigidity one, also can be set on the described Topland by modes such as interference fit or riveted joint and welding.
The circumferential degrees of freedom F of the M5 of attitude reference device, the circular gap F of just directed pin 140 in guide slot 146, be set to and have such effect, promptly, no matter be in which kind of position axially, two intermediary's members 70 all can only on the identical circumferencial direction with the first guide member 50 conflict/engagement simultaneously on, but can not on two opposite circumferencial directions with the first guide member 50 conflict/engagement simultaneously on.Correspondingly, dodge the circumferential span of through hole 59, then be set to the above-mentioned circumferential movement that does not hinder directed pin 140.
As mentioned above, differential mechanism D1 is the axial stiffness duplex of two double rolling key clutchs, changes the M5 of attitude reference device only be wherein and has had adaptation function and need not specially to activate or handle.But because the know-why of the M5 of this mechanism is applied in the tooth embedding no-spin lockup of prior art already, particularly in lunch boxlike locking differential, identical structure and application are arranged, its structure and working mechanism comprise the working mechanism of whole differential mechanism, are technique known already.So present embodiment will be only gives simple declaration to the working procedure of the M5 of this mechanism, no longer describe in detail, also differential mechanism D1 transmitting torque, differential/surmount not to be rotated and the chimeric working procedure that resets etc. gives repeat specification, related description can be referring to embodiment two.
Referring to Figure 14, the figure shows differential mechanism D1 and drive position relation in the travelling state, the sliding state when perhaps vehicle is by identical steering angle reverse travel at the vehicle left steering.Wherein, left one side of something is in the power transmission operating mode, and right one side of something is in and surmounts/stop operating mode.Obviously, this is installed on supposition between wheel corresponding to differential mechanism D1, if and differential mechanism D1 is installed between centers, then this position that illustrates relation is just corresponding to the driving travelling state of vehicle in turning to arbitrarily, the sliding state when perhaps vehicle is pressed identical steering angle reverse travel.Wherein, a left side is half of corresponding to the live axle after, and is right half of corresponding to more preceding live axle.
As shown in figure 14, by the engagement of guide surface 54c and 74c, first guide member 50 drives the member 70a of intermediary and overcomes resistance to the motion of paper top, and both circumferentially concern held stationary.Therefore, the M5 of attitude reference device is relative, and first guide member 50 is fixing, thereby right one side of something with differential mechanism, just the operative orientation of the double rolling key clutch of right-hand member is oriented on the direction of pointing to the paper top, just have identical operative orientation, can only and surmount rotation to paper top transmitting torque with left one side of something.The differential of left steering/surmount rotate finish after, the member 70b of intermediary will recover chimeric with the second guide member 60b, be subjected to the driving of first guide member 50 after the distance D that moves to right again and, that is, enter the straight-line travelling state with the member 70a of intermediary rotation synchronously in the same way.At this moment, directed pin 140 will just in time be positioned at the circumferential mid-point of guide slot 146.Obviously, if this moment first guide member 50 backward rotation, just can drive two intermediary's members 70 simultaneously to the motion of paper below, in other words, vehicle enters straight line backward state.
Refer again to Figure 14, if vehicle stops motivational drive in shown position, perhaps change backward going into, just first guide member 50 is by moving in contrast to the arrow direction, the member 70a of intermediary rotates surmounting to the paper top relative to first guide member 50, and its guide surface 74d will mesh with 54d when directed pin 140 in the trough wall surface 148d conflict, rotate thereby promote first guide member 50, perhaps driven to the motion of paper below by the latter.After this, the M5 of attitude reference device fixes relative once more first guide member 50, thereby right one side of something with differential mechanism, just the operative orientation of the double rolling key clutch of right-hand member is oriented on the direction of pointing to the paper below, just have identical operative orientation, can only and surmount rotation to paper below transmitting torque with left one side of something.
Should be pointed out that in passing that because δ＜Δ, the mutual conflict of trough wall surface 148d and directed pin 140 can not born any torque, can not influence engagement and the power transmission of guide surface 74d and 54d yet.Here, the implication of δ and Δ is the same.In addition, the same with prior art among the embodiment four part, this differential mechanism D1 does not exist second of two ends to rotate any possible that guide mechanism M2 separates simultaneously equally.
Understand easily, because two double rolling key clutchs have complete symmetrical structure and working mechanism about composition differential mechanism D1, and be subjected to the circumferential interlock effect of the same M5 of attitude reference device, so, when the member 70b of intermediary of right-hand member and first guide member 50 when engagement is with transmitting torque on two circumferencial directions respectively, can pass through the M5 of attitude reference device equally,, be oriented on the operative orientation that is same as the right-hand member double rolling key clutch the operative orientation of left end double rolling key clutch.
According to above-mentioned explanation, the differential of differential mechanism D1/surmount rotation does not exist apparently to be impacted and collision, it has only pure sliding friction, naturally, also just there be not height deposit and the expensive essential and problem on the corresponding material property, thereby and do not have a correspondingly problem of restricted guidance tooth height restriction bearing capacity.Thereby differential mechanism D1 is better than prior art significantly.
Why the M5 of attitude reference device that links in the present embodiment is specially the non-optimum structure form of prior art, mainly is for the ease of understanding and explanation.In fact, better structural type should be, interlock ring of ground suit can trackslip on first guide member, 50 inner peripheral surfaces, chimeric by the axial projection that is formed at these ring two end part with the difference of the corresponding interior radially projection 92 of intermediary's member 70 at two ends, circumferentially link with the intermediary's member 70 that causes two ends.
Embodiment four: tooth embedding no-spin lockup D2
Shown in Figure 15～18, differential mechanism D2 is to the improved result of differential mechanism D1.Its topmost improvement is to have substituted first guide member 50 among the latter by a d-axis.
Particularly, by this d-axis of fixing by the relative differential carrier 190 of stop pin, just guide surface 54 has been served as in the cylndrical surface of first guide member 50 of d-axis form.Correspondingly, on each circumferencial direction, only circumferential uniform two guide surfaces 74 just only are provided with two high guiding teeth 72 on intermediary's member 70, and have the arc-shaped slot bottom.Be the differential carrier 190 of conveniently packing into, be provided with symmetrically on the outer circumferential face of intermediary's member 70 two be parallel to each other dodge face 88, and by the same token, the radial outside of guide slot 146 has and is parallel to the opening of dodging face 88.Elastic element 120 is specially two helical springs, is inlaid in respectively in two spring seat grooves 94 of two intermediary's members 70.
Make and reliable operation for convenient, change the cotter way formula and separated the axial position of selling among the assurance M4 of mechanism with groove again, two guarantee that groove 134 is arranged on intermediary's member 70 symmetrically, its radial outside becomes the opening shape, two guarantee that 132 of projectioies are arranged on the intrados of circular arc assurance member 130, referring to Figure 17 symmetrically.Cylndrical surface by positioning round orifice 136 and first guide member 50 of d-axis form mutually nested, this two members week upwards forms as one.The footpath upwards guarantees that member 130 is between intermediary's member 70 and differential carrier 190.Its circular arc matrix 138 has the curvature that fits in intermediary's member 70 outer circumferential faces 96.
In fact, for guaranteeing to separate again the accuracy that guarantees the M4 of mechanism work, promote its functional reliability, can take to guarantee to guarantee to be close on intermediary's member 70 outer circumferential faces on member 130 radially, and two guarantees that projection 132 is on the same axial plane all the time such as following measure.That is, guaranteeing to install a wavy spring that is enclosed within on direct shaft type first guide member 50 additional between member 130 and the shell 190; Perhaps, with the wire spring of 1～2 circle that is enclosed within the similar snap ring on intermediary's member 70 outer circumferential faces in advance, guarantee member 130 in these two of radial outside bandings; Perhaps, behind the installation in position again with two or four finer wire extension springs respectively at circumferential two ends with two guarantee members 130 radially/upwards directly strain in week.
By above-mentioned introduction as can be known, differential mechanism D2 and differential mechanism D1 only have structural little difference, do not have the variation on the principle, and therefore, both have identical or similar working procedure.Need not to illustrate once more.In addition, except stopping the chimeric M3 of mechanism and separating the assurance M4 of mechanism again, the structure of differential mechanism D2 is equal to lunch boxlike locking differential commonly known in the art fully.And the structure of these two mechanisms and working procedure have been that previous embodiment is illustrated.So, about installation process and the working procedure of differential mechanism D2, there has not been necessity of repeat specification, see also above stated specification and known technology.As for the installation that guarantees member 130, only needed before direct shaft type first guide member 50 is installed, directly in the assembling window 192 of differential carrier, guarantee the modes that 132 weeks of projection are upwards aimed at two assurance grooves 134 respectively with two, be embedded between the axial clearance of two intermediary's members 70 and can be in place.Afterwards, the differential carrier integral circumferential turns to the axis hole position relatively again, and the described d-axis of plug-in mounting just can finish the whole erection process,
But it is important to point out that in differential mechanism D1, intermediary's member 70 can be by outer circumferential face 114 radial locations of the inner peripheral surface and the catch ring 100 of differential carrier 190.And in differential mechanism D2, except that the outer circumferential face 114 of catch ring 100, intermediary's member 70 also can be by the outer circumferential face radial location of the annular matrix that protrudes from tooth top 110 of catch ring 100, the situation in the similar embodiment one.
What be also pointed out that is, differential mechanism D2 is the same with differential mechanism D1, if adopt the scheme among the double rolling key clutch C5, wherein separation is again guaranteed that M4 of mechanism and the M5 of attitude reference device merge, can cause all guaranteeing that protruding 132 instead drag the torque of motor to damage because of bearing in the sliding curve state.Unless guarantee the degree that the M4 of mechanism and axial clearance and the Δ of the M5 of attitude reference device separate simultaneously to the intermediary's member 70 that allows both sides greatly separating again after merging.But cost is to have lost the possibility of utilizing the motor auxiliary braking, and the joint impact when increasing load.
Below only be to the present invention is directed to description and the diagram that its limited embodiment gives, has particularity to a certain degree, but it should be understood that, mentioned embodiment and accompanying drawing all are to be used for illustrative purposes, and be not used in restriction the present invention, its various variations, the layout that is equal to, exchanges and change structure or each member all will be considered to not be separated from the spirit and scope that the present invention conceives.
Claims (10)
1. the rotation guided jaw overrunning clutch of torque excitation comprises:
All the time be in axial chimeric status and possess transmitting torque and the first rotation guide mechanism of guide function, it comprises that this two members shaft all is provided with the guide surface that can be meshing with each other with slippage on facing surfaces around rotating axially chimeric first guide member and the intermediary's member of same axis;
The axial inserted type second that possesses the surmounted rotation of transmitting torque and guide function rotates guide mechanism, it comprises second guide member and the described intermediary member that all is provided with the chimeric tooth that possesses leading role on revolution of described axis and corresponding fitting end face, also comprises being arranged to push described intermediary member to the chimeric direction of described second guide member at least one elastic element; And
Be used for stoping and surmount described second of operating mode to rotate guide mechanism axially chimeric and stop chimeric mechanism around described axis is rotating, it comprises all being provided with and is used for axially chimeric and possesses the catch ring and the attached catch ring of the blocking teeth of axial barrier functionality that described attached catch ring and described second guide member or described intermediary member form as one;
Wherein, be included in the described first and second described intermediary members that rotate in the guide mechanism simultaneously, have and both can guarantee that the described second rotation guide mechanism realization surmounts rotation, can guarantee that again described first rotates the axial freedom that guide mechanism is in axial chimeric status all the time; In the power transmission operating mode, described first rotates the rotation guiding lift angle of guide mechanism, smaller or equal to the rotation guiding lift angle of the described second rotation guide mechanism;
It is characterized in that:
Also comprise separating again and guarantee mechanism, it is used for the rotation process more that surpasses in reverse of the described second rotation guide mechanism, at least in the described barrier height of chimeric mechanism that stops more than or equal to its minimum barrier height, and when rotating the chimeric degree of depth of full-depth tooth of guide mechanism, stop described first to rotate conflicting or engagement in the guide mechanism corresponding to the described described guide surface of getting over sense of rotation that surpasses in reverse smaller or equal to described second.
2. by the described free wheel device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: guarantee that mechanism is the chimeric mechanism of cotter way formula of axial engagement described the separation again, it has at least one projection and at least one groove, be separately positioned on the described intermediary member, and described first guide member or with the circumferentially fixing rotary member of this member on.
3. by each described free wheel device of claim 1～2, it is characterized in that:
(a) also comprise at least one limit power element, it is used to limit the maximum axial distance between described first guide member and described second guide member, rotates guide mechanism because of rotating the axial force that guiding produces to seal the described first rotation guide mechanism and described second;
(b) at least one in described intermediary's member and described second guide member has the shape that is roughly annulus at least, and both described chimeric teeth are formed on based on the equal branch of same natural circumference.
4. by each described free wheel device of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that: described limit power element is the cup-shaped shell with center hole, its with described first guide member and described second guide member in one at least axial restraint be connected, provide the mode of axially support with in these two guide members another, described free wheel device is packaged into an integral body.
5. by each described free wheel device of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that: described limit power element comprises two semi circular shells and two circumferential band that the footpath is upwards at least roughly symmetrical, the shape of these two semi circular shells has such combined effect, promptly, the sectional casing that the two radial abutment constituted, be formed with the center hole that axially runs through wherein, and be formed with the inner tubular chamber that is symmetrical in described axis, the radially inner side position of its annular exterior edge face, both sides is formed with the annular end face flange, two described circumferential band are distinguished lock ring on the outer circumferential face of these two end face flanges from radial outside, with fixing described sectional casing.
6. by each described free wheel device of claim 1～5, it is characterized in that:
(a) on two different circumferencial directions, described first rotates guide mechanism, described second rotates guide mechanism and describedly stops chimeric mechanism, all has described function separately;
(b) also comprise attitude reference device, it is used for described intermediary component limit at least in two of described relatively first guide member different circumferential zones, to allow or to stop both sides' the intermeshing mode of the guide surface corresponding to zero, one or two circumferencial direction, stipulate described free wheel device transmitting torque and surmount the circumferencial direction of rotation.
7. by the described free wheel device of claim 6,. it is characterized in that: described attitude reference device is the chimeric mechanism of cotter way formula, it has at least one projection and at least one groove, be separately positioned on described intermediary member, and described first guide member or with the circumferentially fixing rotary member of this member on.
8. by each described free wheel device of claim 6～7, it is characterized in that: also comprise actuating mechanism, it is used to change the directed state of described attitude reference device.
9. rotation guided jaw no-spin lockup with two torques excitations that form by the axial duplex of each described free wheel device of claim 6～7 is characterized in that: these two described free wheel devicees are axial duplex in the following manner:
(a) two described first guide members connect at least circumferentially fixing one in the relative mode of the end face of no guide surface;
(b) two described attitude reference devices are merged into the attitude reference device of an interlock, the attitude reference device of this interlock is with the circumferential degrees of freedom between two described intermediary members, be limited in the scope that can obtain such effect, promptly, the guide surface of two described intermediary members can mesh simultaneously with the guide surface corresponding to same circumferencial direction of two described first guide members, but can not mesh simultaneously with the guide surface corresponding to different circumferencial directions of two described first guide members;
(c) two described limit power elements link to each other through two described first guide member axial restraints, so that the mode of axially support to be provided to two described second guide members, described no-spin lockup are packaged into an integral body.
10. by the described no-spin lockup of claim 9, it is characterized in that:
(a) two described limit power elements form as one;
(b) two described first guide member rigidity one are an axle with curved face type guide surface, and this is fixed in two radial holes of described limit power element.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910158643.8A CN101936345B (en) | 2009-06-29 | 2009-06-29 | Torque-excited rotary guide type jaw overrunning clutch and self-locking differential |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910158643.8A CN101936345B (en) | 2009-06-29 | 2009-06-29 | Torque-excited rotary guide type jaw overrunning clutch and self-locking differential |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101936345A true CN101936345A (en) | 2011-01-05 |
| CN101936345B CN101936345B (en) | 2014-10-08 |
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| CN200910158643.8A Expired - Fee Related CN101936345B (en) | 2009-06-29 | 2009-06-29 | Torque-excited rotary guide type jaw overrunning clutch and self-locking differential |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113653747A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-16 | 嘉兴爱克斯机械技术有限公司 | Automatic bidirectional drive clutch who breaks away from |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101117987A (en) * | 2007-09-18 | 2008-02-06 | 洪涛 | Stitching type jaw single and bidirectional over running clutch |
| CN101118005A (en) * | 2007-09-18 | 2008-02-06 | 洪涛 | Basic mode jaw self locking speed differential gear |
| CN101392804A (en) * | 2007-09-18 | 2009-03-25 | 洪涛 | Separating retention mechanism of axial auto-controlled clutch |
-
2009
- 2009-06-29 CN CN200910158643.8A patent/CN101936345B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101117987A (en) * | 2007-09-18 | 2008-02-06 | 洪涛 | Stitching type jaw single and bidirectional over running clutch |
| CN101118005A (en) * | 2007-09-18 | 2008-02-06 | 洪涛 | Basic mode jaw self locking speed differential gear |
| CN101392804A (en) * | 2007-09-18 | 2009-03-25 | 洪涛 | Separating retention mechanism of axial auto-controlled clutch |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113653747A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-16 | 嘉兴爱克斯机械技术有限公司 | Automatic bidirectional drive clutch who breaks away from |
| CN113653747B (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2022-12-16 | 嘉兴爱克斯机械技术有限公司 | Automatic bidirectional drive clutch who breaks away from |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101936345B (en) | 2014-10-08 |
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