Annular magnetic hub for powder metallurgy and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of improvement of motor magnetic hub, specifically a kind of annular magnetic hub for powder metallurgy and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Along with popularizing of electric motor car, the development of its magnetic conduction magnetic hub member is also more and more paid attention to.Employed magnetic conduction magnetic hub member in electric motor car comprises that silicon steel sheet and copper cash constitute at present, and silicon steel sheet can be assembled into required magnetic dentation; Silicon steel sheet is carried out insulating barrier to be handled; Copper cash is wrapped on the magnetic tooth of silicon steel sheet, and after the copper cash energising, conducting magnetic component promptly can produce magnetic field.The advantage that adopts silicon steel sheet to make conducting magnetic component is that saturation induction density is high.But not enough below also existing: the one, iron loss is big, easily heating; Two are to use frequency low, generally can only be operated in 20KH
ZBelow, inefficiency; The 3rd, volume is big, and is heavier, installs inconvenient; The 4th, not easy to be recycled after discarding, can cause serious public hazards.In order to change the deficiency of silicon steel sheet magnetic conduction magnetic hub; In recent years; Occurred adopting soft-magnetic composite material to replace the report of silicon steel sheet, like patent of invention " a kind of soft-magnetic composite material reaches the production technology of being made conducting magnetic component by it ", the patent No. is: 200510031614.7; This soft magnetic material comprises the iron-bearing material of 92-99%, the insulating compound of 0.5-5%, the lubricant of 0.5-3%, through mixing, shaping, curing, antirust or finishing, process finished product at 800-1100 ℃ of following sintering process; Its iron-holder of described iron-bearing material is 80-99.8%, and obviously, it is on the low side to contain the pure iron amount, has influenced magnetic property, does not reach the requirement of high saturated magnetic induction.In order to improve the pure iron amount that contains, the report that adopts straight iron powder is also arranged, like patent of invention " with the electrical equipment and electrical and the manufacturing approach thereof of soft-magnetic composite material manufacturing "; The patent No. is: 03128171.0; This soft-magnetic composite material comprises the straight iron powder of 80-90%, the insulating compound of 5-13%, the lubricant of 3-7%, through mixing, press forming, in 1100-1300 ℃ of heating furnace sintering 2-3 hour, cooling; Be finished product; Obviously, it is still on the low side that this a kind of soft-magnetic composite material contains the pure iron amount, the requirement that does not also reach high saturated magnetic induction.Evidence: when the pure iron material content was lower than 90%, its magnetic saturation rate can not satisfy the performance requirement of conducting magnetic component far away.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of not only volume little, in light weight, be convenient to install, recyclable utilization, and the annular magnetic hub for powder metallurgy that all is improved largely of operating efficiency and saturation induction density.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of annular magnetic hub for powder metallurgy preparation method who adopts straight iron powder to produce conducting magnetic component fully.
For reaching above purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention adopted is: this annular magnetic hub for powder metallurgy is characterized in that it is made up of annulus; The interior diameter of annulus is 204.75mm; The overall diameter of annulus is 213mm, and the height of annulus is 24mm, and on the inwall of annulus, being provided with section is the rectangle magnetic tooth of rectangle; The width of rectangle magnetic tooth is 3mm; Distance between the adjacent rectangle magnetic tooth is 10.8mm, and rectangle magnetic tooth has 46, on the inwall of the annulus between the adjacent rectangle magnetic tooth, be provided with dark for 0.01-0.2mm, widely be the groove of 1-3mm; The composition of described annulus and rectangle magnetic tooth thereof consists of: the weight of straight iron powder is 100 parts, and the weight of lubricant is 0.5-1 part.
Described straight iron powder; Wherein iron content >=98.36%, carbon content 0.05-0.10%, silicone content 0.05-0.12%, manganese content 0.10-0.30%, phosphorus content 0.03-0.05%, sulfur content 0.03-0.05%, hydrochloric acid insoluble substance content 0.10-0.30%, the FHY80.27 iron powder that adopts Laigang, Shandong powder metallurgy Co., Ltd of group to produce.
Described lubricant is a zinc stearate.
This annular magnetic hub for powder metallurgy preparation method is:
(1), make mould: mould comprises die sleeve, plug, upper punch, bottom punch and mould bases; The inner diameter size of the die cavity of die sleeve multiply by the coefficient of expansion by the overall diameter of annulus to be confirmed, highly is 4 times of annulus height, and inner surface fineness is 0.8, and material is Cr
12M
0V, case hardness is HRC61-63, places on the mould bases, mainly confirms the profile of annular magnetic hub for powder metallurgy; The overall diameter of plug is close with the interior diameter of annulus, and the interior diameter of annulus multiply by the coefficient of expansion confirms that surface smoothness is 0.8, and material is Cr
12M
0V, case hardness is HRC61-63, and be provided with on the outer wall of plug with the annular magnetic hub for powder metallurgy inwall on rectangle magnetic tooth and groove be meshed protruding stupefied so that the annulus of annular magnetic hub for powder metallurgy and the rectangle magnetic tooth on the inwall thereof and groove typing; Upper and lower stamping is that annulus identical with the annular magnetic hub for powder metallurgy section and annulus chassis constitute, and upper and lower stamping is identical, and is in the opposite direction, its inwall be provided with circle ring inner wall on protruding stupefied the same of rectangle magnetic tooth with groove; Mould bases is three layers and floats that bottom is a flat board, as the workbench use of level.
(2), batch mixing: with the straight iron powder is raw material, claims 100 parts of its weight, and the lubricant that adds 0.5-1 part adopts the bipyramid batch mixer, batch mixing 40-50 minute, make its even mixing, straight iron powder is the FHY80.27 iron powder that Laigang, Shandong powder metallurgy Co., Ltd of group produces.
(3), press forming: adopt the YZ79-315 press; Twice mould bases compactings on three; The mix pure iron powder that will and add lubricant is put into the die cavity between die sleeve and the plug, adopt upper and lower stamping simultaneously from upper and lower to the straight iron powder in the die cavity is carried out punching press, stamping press is 8 tons/cm
3, under the effect of mould bases lower pulling force, the blank that is shaped is ejected at last with bottom punch.
(4), sintering: adopt the meshbeltfurnace sintering, in sintering furnace, be covered with the fire-resistant porcelain plate of level, the length of side of every block of fire-resistant porcelain plate is greater than the overall diameter of blank; With vertical being placed on the fire-resistant porcelain plate of blank; Sintering temperature is 1127-1133 ℃, high temperature sintering 40-60 minute, cools off with stove.In this sintering process, the lubricant that is added vapors away.
(5), finished machined: adopt the YZ79-500 press, twice mould bases compactings on two guarantee the precision of shaping product through high-precision mold.
Through the annular magnetic hub for powder metallurgy of above proportioning and preparation technology's moulding, through detecting, its technical indicator is following:
Averag density:>6.0-6.2/cm
3
Sintering hardness: HB50-60.
Below be the contrast of silicon steel laminations and powder metallurgy annular magnetic hub the key technical indexes:
Silicon steel laminations and powder metallurgy annular magnetic hub the key technical indexes contrast table
|
Powder metallurgy annular magnetic hub |
Silicon steel laminations |
Magnetic permeability |
3 dimensions/medium |
2 dimension/height |
Saturation flux |
|
3 dimension/height |
2 dimension/height |
Resistivity |
|
3 dimension/height |
1 dimension/height |
Silicon steel laminations: thickness 0.65mm; Density 7.6g/cm
3Sample is annular mold pressing lamination.
Powder metallurgy magnetic hub: density 6.1g/cm
3Sample is an annular.
In addition, Fig. 7 has provided the magnetic hysteresis loop comparison diagram of silicon steel laminations and powder metallurgy annular magnetic hub magnetic flux density and magnetic field intensity, and wherein Fig. 7 (a) is the magnetic hysteresis loop of powder metallurgy annular magnetic hub; (b) be the magnetic hysteresis loop of silicon steel laminations.
Fig. 8 has provided the loss comparison diagram of powder metallurgy annular magnetic hub and silicon steel laminations.
Can find out from contrast: because the material structure of powder metallurgy annular magnetic hub straight iron powder makes it possess excellent electromagnetic performance; Powder metallurgy annular magnetic hub is formed by highly purified iron powder compacting, and the microstructure uniformity makes its electromagnetic performance show isotropic advantage; The high saturation magnetic flux of performance homogeneous, low eddy current loss and enough strengths of materials on three-dimensional make it more level off to desirable magnetic field material.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: owing to adopted the carbon of a high proportion of straight iron powder and low ratio, so improved magnetic permeability greatly, make saturation induction density reach the level of the magnetic hub of silicon steel sheet making.Owing to only used the straight iron powder of carbon containing, processing is simplified more, improved production efficiency.Because product is to produce through the particular manufacturing craft typing, so the product precision is high, is the dedicated magnetic hub in the electric motor car.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1, provided the annular magnetic hub for powder metallurgy schematic top plan view of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2, for the present invention along Figure 1A-A cross-sectional schematic.
Fig. 3, be the die sleeve schematic top plan view in the die set of the present invention.
Fig. 4, be the plug schematic top plan view in the die set of the present invention.
Fig. 5, for the present invention along Fig. 4 B-B cross-sectional schematic.
Fig. 6, be the upper punch schematic top plan view in the die set of the present invention.
Fig. 7, be the magnetic hysteresis loop comparison diagram of silicon steel laminations of the present invention and powder metallurgy annular magnetic hub magnetic flux density and magnetic field intensity.
Fig. 8, be the field frequency and the magnetic loss relation comparison sketch map of the present invention and silicon steel sheet.Among the figure: dotted line is a powder metallurgy annular magnetic hub curve, and solid line is the silicon steel sheet curve.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
With reference to accompanying drawing 1,2 preparation the present invention.Fig. 1,2 provided the present invention the embodiment of annular magnetic hub for powder metallurgy that will prepare.This annular magnetic hub for powder metallurgy is characterized in that it is made up of annulus 1, and the interior diameter of annulus 1 is 204.75mm; The overall diameter of annulus 1 is 213mm, and the height of annulus 1 is 24mm, and on the inwall of annulus 1, being provided with section is the rectangle magnetic tooth 2 of rectangle; The width of rectangle magnetic tooth 2 is 3mm; Distance between the adjacent rectangle magnetic tooth 2 is 10.8mm, and rectangle magnetic tooth 2 has 46, on the inwall of the annulus 1 between the adjacent rectangle magnetic tooth 2, be provided with dark for 0.2mm, widely be the groove 3 of 2mm; The composition of described annulus 1 and rectangle magnetic tooth 2 thereof consists of: the weight of straight iron powder is 100 parts, and the weight of lubricant is 0.8 part.
Described straight iron powder; Wherein iron content >=98.36%, carbon content 0.05-0.10%, silicone content 0.05-0.12%, manganese content 0.10-0.30%, phosphorus content 0.03-0.05%, sulfur content 0.03-0.05%, hydrochloric acid insoluble substance content 0.10-0.30%, the FHY80.27 iron powder that adopts Laigang, Shandong powder metallurgy Co., Ltd of group to produce.
Described lubricant is a zinc stearate.
The preparation method of the annular magnetic hub for powder metallurgy of a kind of aforesaid embodiment 1 comprises following production stage:
(1), makes mould: Fig. 3,4,5,6 and provided particular manufacturing craft figure.Mould comprises die sleeve 6, plug 4, upper punch 5 and mould bases.The inner diameter size of die sleeve 6 die cavitys multiply by the coefficient of expansion by the overall diameter of annulus 1 to be confirmed, highly is highly 4 times of annulus 1, and inner surface fineness is 0.8, and material is Cr
12M
0V, case hardness is HRC61-63, places on the mould bases, mainly confirms the profile of annular magnetic hub for powder metallurgy; The interior diameter of the overall diameter of plug 4 and annulus 1 is close, multiply by the coefficient of expansion according to the interior diameter of annulus 1 and confirms that surface smoothness is 0.8, and material is Cr
12M
0V; Case hardness is HRC61-63; And be provided with on the outer wall of plug 4 with the annular magnetic hub for powder metallurgy inwall on rectangle magnetic tooth 2 and groove 3 be meshed protruding stupefied so that the annulus 1 of annular magnetic hub for powder metallurgy and the rectangle magnetic tooth on the inwall 2 thereof and groove 3 typings; Upper and lower stamping 5 is that annulus identical with the annular magnetic hub for powder metallurgy section and annulus chassis constitute, and upper and lower stamping 5 is identical, in the opposite direction, its inwall be provided with annulus 1 inwall on the same protruding stupefied of rectangle magnetic tooth 2 and groove 3; Mould bases is three layers and floats that bottom is a flat board, as the workbench use of level.
(2), batch mixing: with the straight iron powder is raw material, claims 100 parts of its weight, adds 0.8 part lubricant, adopts the bipyramid batch mixer, and batch mixing 45 minutes makes its even mixing, and straight iron powder is the FHY80.27 iron powder that Laigang, Shandong powder metallurgy Co., Ltd of group produces.
(3), press forming: adopt the YZ79-315 press, twice mould bases compactings on three are put into die cavity with the mix pure iron powder, adopt upper and lower stamping simultaneously from upper and lower to the straight iron powder in the die cavity is carried out punching press, stamping press is 8 tons/cm
3, under the effect of mould bases lower pulling force, the blank that is shaped is ejected at last with bottom punch 5.
(4), sintering: adopt the meshbeltfurnace sintering, in sintering furnace, be covered with the fire-resistant porcelain plate of level, the length of side of every block of fire-resistant porcelain plate is greater than annular magnetic hub for powder metallurgy overall diameter 5cm; With vertical being placed on the fire-resistant porcelain plate of blank; Sintering temperature is 1130 ℃, and high temperature sintering 45 minutes cools off with stove.In this sintering process, the lubricant that is added vapors away.
(5), finished machined: adopt the YZ79-500 press, twice mould bases compactings on two guarantee the precision of shaping product through high-precision mold.
Through the annular magnetic hub for powder metallurgy of above proportioning and preparation technology's moulding, in a stove, 100 of random samplings, through detecting, its technical indicator is following:
Averag density: 6.10
Average sintering hardness: HB60.
Embodiment 2
The shape of powder metallurgy magnetic hub and step of preparation process are with embodiment 1.But on proportioning and have the interval place that limits to improve: the composition of described annulus 1 and rectangle magnetic tooth 2 thereof consists of: the weight of straight iron powder is 100 parts, and the weight of lubricant is 1 part.
Groove 3 degree of depth that the inwall of the annulus 1 between the adjacent magnetic tooth 2 is provided with change 0.1mm into, width changes 3mm into.Process shape, sintering, cooling, finished machined and become product through batch mixing, dress mold pressing.In the batch mixing step, be raw material with the straight iron powder, claim 100 parts of its weight, add 1 part lubricant, adopt the bipyramid batch mixer, batch mixing 50 minutes.In sintering step, sintering temperature is 1133 ℃, and high temperature sintering 60 minutes cools off with stove.In this sintering process, the lubricant that is added vapors away.
By the magnetic hub of above proportioning and prepared, in a stove, 100 of random samplings, through detecting, its technical indicator is following:
Averag density: 6.15
Average sintering hardness: HB55.
Embodiment 3
The shape of powder metallurgy magnetic hub and preparation technology be with embodiment 1, but on proportioning and have the interval place that limits to improve: the composition of described annulus 1 and rectangle magnetic tooth 2 thereof consists of: the weight of straight iron powder is 100 parts, and the weight of lubricant is 0.5 part.
Groove 3 degree of depth that the inwall of the annulus 1 between the adjacent magnetic tooth 2 is provided with change 0.15mm into, width changes 3mm.Process shape, sintering, cooling, finished machined and become product through batch mixing, dress mold pressing.In the batch mixing step, be raw material with the straight iron powder, claim 100 parts of its weight, add 0.5 part lubricant, adopt the bipyramid batch mixer, batch mixing 40 minutes.In sintering step, sintering temperature is 1127 ℃, and high temperature sintering 40 minutes cools off with stove.In this sintering process, the lubricant that is added vapors away.
By the magnetic hub of above proportioning and prepared, in a stove, 100 of random samplings, through detecting, its technical indicator is following:
Averag density: 6.01
Average sintering hardness: HB50.