CN101913966B - Special controlled release fertilizer for soilless culture of ornamental flowers - Google Patents
Special controlled release fertilizer for soilless culture of ornamental flowers Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 79
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 79
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 77
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 57
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 28
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 28
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960001781 ferrous sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 241000723353 Chrysanthemum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007516 Chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012223 Salvia coccinea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000001438 Salvia splendens Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000017668 Salvia splendens Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000015816 nutrient absorption Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QNYBOILAKBSWFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(phenylmethoxymethyl)oxirane Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1=CC=CC=C1 QNYBOILAKBSWFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007836 KH2PO4 Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000170916 Paeonia officinalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006484 Paeonia officinalis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000722921 Tulipa gesneriana Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940072049 amyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PGMYKACGEOXYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous amyl acetate Natural products CCCCCOC(C)=O PGMYKACGEOXYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052564 epsomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-M heptanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC([O-])=O MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002198 insoluble material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000398 iron phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920013716 polyethylene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229960001124 trientine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a special controlled release fertilizer for soilless culture of ornamental flowers. The special controlled release fertilizer is prepared by compounding 14 fertilizers comprising a urea base coating modified epoxy resin coated fertilizer, a thermoplastic and thermosetting double-layer coated fertilizer and the like with different coating thicknesses. The nutrient proportion and the release rule of the special controlled release fertilizer are suitable for the growth of the soilless cultured ornamental flowers. The special controlled release fertilizer avoids the problem of easy precipitation of the conventional nutrient solution, is convenient and time-saving due to one-time application, and has wide application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a special controlled-release fertilizer, in particular to a special controlled-release fertilizer for ornamental flowers and plants suitable for soilless culture and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of soilless culture controlled-release fertilizer production.
Background
Soilless culture is a new flower culture advanced technology in recent years, and nutrient solution is prepared according to various nutrients required by the growth and development of flowers, so that the flower plants can directly absorb and utilize the nutrient solution. The soilless culture is not limited at all, and the technology can be used for culturing flowers in any place as long as air and water exist. Compared with soil culture flowers, the soilless culture has the obvious advantages that: the quality is good, the flower is large in shape, thick in taste, bright in color and long in flowering period, and can bloom in advance; the nutrient, the water and the labor are saved, the operation is simple and convenient, and the labor and the time are saved; clean, no weed and less pest and disease damage; the flowers grow rapidly, the flower production period is short, and the flower yield per unit area is high. The soilless culture technology of flowers is researched from the 80 th of the last century in China, the culture technology of 21 st century is mature day by day, and the application of the soilless culture technology of flowers also enters the rapid development period.
One of the core technologies of flower soilless culture is the preparation and management of nutrient solution. The pH value of the nutrient solution influences the solubility and effectiveness of iron, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, copper and zinc. The concentration of various nutrients in the nutrient solution can change due to the evaporation of water from the nutrient solution and the absorption of nutrient ions by flowers, and the concentration needs to be tested and adjusted frequently. The nutrient solution should be stored at low temperature and in dark, otherwise moss is easy to grow, and the environment and the effect of the nutrient solution are affected. Technically, the scientific preparation and management of the nutrient solution can be realized by large-scale modern flower planting enterprises, but the labor and the material resources are needed. But most of them can not be done as the flower growers in the family.
The release rule of the controlled release fertilizer, particularly the controlled release fertilizer coated by the water-insoluble material, in water is very stable. A controlled release fertilizer is designed according to the nutrient absorption characteristics of ornamental flowers, so that the nutrient proportion and nutrient release meet the requirements of the flowers in each growth period, and the complex preparation and management work of nutrient solution can be avoided only by adding the controlled release fertilizer into culture medium or water once. Chinese invention patents CN100482615C (200810014484.X), CN 100491296C (200810014367.3) and CN 100191298C (200810014366.9) respectively provide a special controlled release fertilizer for scarlet sage, tulip and peony, and the patents also belong to special controlled release fertilizers for ornamental flowers, but the patents are not suitable for soilless culture. Secondly, the fertilizer contains partial quick-acting fertilizer, and the fertilizer is applied to the culture medium or water once, so that the concentration of nutrients in the solution is too high, and the growth of flowers is influenced. Moreover, the proportion of each nutrient in the fertilizer is not only according to the absorption of flowers, but also considering the factors of loss, fixation and the like of different elements in soil, so that the proportion of each nutrient in the fertilizer is not suitable for soilless culture.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a special controlled release fertilizer for soilless culture of ornamental flowers and a preparation method thereof.
The special controlled-release fertilizer disclosed by the invention utilizes modified epoxy resin coated fertilizers with different coating thicknesses and spraying urea as a base coating, recycled waste thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated fertilizers as raw materials to be matched with each other, so that the nutrient proportion and the release rule of the special controlled-release fertilizer are suitable for the growth of soilless culture ornamental flowers.
Description of terms:
the soilless culture of the invention comprises substrate culture and nutrient solution culture.
The urea base coat modified epoxy resin coated fertilizer is prepared by spraying base coat urea outside a core fertilizer, wherein the base coat urea accounts for 4-6% of the mass of the core fertilizer, and then spraying outer coat modified epoxy resin coating agent. See CN 1246264C (200410024049.7) "modified epoxy coated controlled release fertilizer with spray coated urea as a base coat. The percentage of the corresponding raw material names of the invention is the percentage of the modified epoxy resin film material in the core fertilizer.
The thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated fertilizer is a controlled release fertilizer prepared by spraying an inner cladding thermoplastic resin film and then spraying an outer cladding thermosetting resin film on a common granular fertilizer serving as a core fertilizer. The preparation method refers to CN100567222C (200710114124.2) "production method of multilayer composite coated controlled release fertilizer of recycled thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin". The percentage of the corresponding raw material names in the invention is the percentage of the total amount of the double-layer film material in the core fertilizer.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the controlled release fertilizer special for soilless culture of ornamental flowers is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
(1) 50-65 parts of urea bottom coating 4% modified epoxy resin coated ammonium nitrate,
(2) 50-65 parts of urea bottom coating 3% modified epoxy resin coated ammonium sulfate,
(3) 100-135 parts of urea base coat 3% modified epoxy resin coated diammonium phosphate,
(4) 120-160 parts of urea bottom coating 4% modified epoxy resin coated potassium nitrate,
(5) 80-110 parts of urea bottom coating 4% modified epoxy resin coated calcium nitrate,
(6) 50-80 parts of urea bottom coating 3% modified epoxy resin coated magnesium sulfate,
(7) 30-45 parts of urea base coat 3% modified epoxy resin coated compound micro-fertilizer,
(8) 45-65 parts of 6% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated ammonium nitrate,
(9) 45-60 parts of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated ammonium sulfate,
(10) 60-90 parts of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated diammonium phosphate,
(11) 80-120 parts of 5% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated potassium nitrate,
(12) 60-90 parts of 5% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated calcium nitrate,
(13) 25-45 parts of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated magnesium sulfate,
(14) 25-40 parts of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated composite micro-fertilizer.
The core fertilizer in the raw materials (1) - (7) is respectively ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, diammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate and a composite micro-fertilizer, the percentage in the name of the raw materials is that the modified epoxy resin film material accounts for the mass of the core fertilizer, and the urea at the bottom coating accounts for 4-6% of the mass of the core fertilizer. Sold by Shandong Jinzheng ecological engineering Co., Ltd.
The core fertilizer in the raw materials (8) - (14) is respectively ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, diammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate and a composite micro-fertilizer, and the percentage in the name of the raw materials is that the total amount of double-layer film materials accounts for the mass of the core fertilizer, wherein the inner cladding layer is a thermoplastic resin film, the outer cladding layer is a thermosetting resin film, and the mass percentage of the thermosetting resin film materials to the core fertilizer is 2%. Sold by Shandong Jinzheng ecological engineering Co., Ltd.
The compound micro-fertilizer in the raw materials (7) and (14) is prepared by mixing and granulating zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, borax, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate and ammonium molybdate according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.18-0.21: 0.27-0.32: 0.5-1.5: 0.15-0.22: 0.18-0.22. Preferably, the mass ratio of zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, borax, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate and ammonium molybdate in the composite micro-fertilizer is 1: 0.2: 0.3: 1: 0.2; during granulation, 15-16 wt% of filler is added to prepare granular fertilizer, and the filler is selected from urea, amino acid or humic acid.
Further preferably, the special controlled release fertilizer for soilless culture of ornamental flowers comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
59-61 parts of urea bottom coating 4% modified epoxy resin coated ammonium nitrate
59-61 parts of urea undercoat 3% modified epoxy resin coated ammonium sulfate
128-132 parts of urea base coat 3% modified epoxy resin coated diammonium phosphate
148-152 parts of urea base coat 4% modified epoxy resin coated potassium nitrate
98-102 parts of urea bottom coating 4% modified epoxy resin coated calcium nitrate
69-71 parts of urea bottom coating 3% modified epoxy resin coated magnesium sulfate
39-41 parts of urea base coat 3% modified epoxy resin coated composite micro-fertilizer
49-51 parts of 6% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated ammonium nitrate
49-51 parts of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated ammonium sulfate
69-71 parts of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated diammonium phosphate
88-92 parts of 5% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated potassium nitrate
69-71 parts of 5% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated calcium nitrate
29-31 parts of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated magnesium sulfate
29-31 parts of a 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated composite micro-fertilizer.
A preparation method of a special controlled-release fertilizer for soilless culture of ornamental flowers comprises the steps of preparing 3% modified epoxy resin coated ammonium sulfate of a urea base coat, 3% modified epoxy resin coated diammonium phosphate of the urea base coat, 4% modified epoxy resin coated potassium nitrate of the urea base coat, 4% modified epoxy resin coated calcium nitrate of the urea base coat, 3% modified epoxy resin coated magnesium sulfate of the urea base coat, 3% modified epoxy resin coated composite microelement fertilizer of the urea base coat, 6% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated ammonium nitrate, 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated ammonium sulfate, 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated diammonium phosphate, 5% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated potassium nitrate, 5% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated calcium nitrate, 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated magnesium sulfate, coating, The compound micro-fertilizer comprises 14 raw materials of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated compound micro-fertilizer, and is put into a stirrer according to the proportion to be stirred for 5-10 minutes, fully and uniformly mixed, measured and packaged.
In the above preparation method, all the raw materials are purchased from the market and sold by Shandong Jinzhengda ecological engineering Co. It can also be prepared by the methods provided in CN 1246264C (200410024049.7) and CN100567222C (200710114124.2). The invention takes the raw material preparation method in the embodiment as the preferable technical scheme.
The application of the special controlled-release fertilizer for soilless culture of ornamental flowers comprises (i) directly putting the special controlled-release fertilizer into water during nutrient solution culture; (ii) when the special fertilizer is used for cultivating the substrate, the special fertilizer is uniformly mixed into the cultivation substrate at one time.
The application amount of the controlled release fertilizer special for soilless culture of ornamental flowers is determined according to the flower culture area, and the fertilizer dosage per square meter is 300-400 g.
The invention has the following excellent effects:
1. avoid precipitation in the nutrient solution
Under the influence of solubility product, various nutrient components in the same aqueous solution can form insoluble compound precipitates, such as calcium sulfate, calcium phosphate, iron phosphate and the like. Therefore, the pH value of the nutrient solution of the existing soilless culture nutrient solution prepared by the quick-acting fertilizer must be adjusted to be as low as possible so as to avoid precipitation, and the pH value of the nutrient solution also needs to be continuously adjusted in the growth process, so that the workload is increased, and the nutrient solution is not suitable for the optimal growth environment of certain flowers. The nutrient ions of the fertilizer are slowly released along with absorption, and precipitates are not easy to form.
2. Convenient application, labor saving and saving
The fertilizer is directly put into water or mixed in a culture medium according to the amount, so that a series of complex work such as preparation, adjustment, storage and the like of a nutrient solution is avoided, labor and force are saved, the cost is saved, and the economic benefit is improved.
3. Wide application range
The fertilizer adopts urea base coat modified epoxy resin coated fertilizer and thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated fertilizer as raw materials, has good controlled release performance, and is suitable for water culture, sand culture and other various substrate culture.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a graph of the release rule of the controlled release fertilizer nutrients special for soilless culture of flower type flowers and the nutrient absorption rule of the flower type flowers in example 2, the thick line is a line of the cumulative release rule of the total nutrients of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of the controlled release fertilizer, the thin line is a curve of the cumulative absorption rule of the total nutrients of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of the flower type flowers, the abscissa is the planting time of the flower type flowers, and the ordinate is the total nutrient quantity of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by, but not limited to, the following examples. The percentages in the examples are percentages by mass, and there are no explicit methods in the examples, which are provided in the prior art, such as CN 1246264C (200410024049.7) and CN100567222C (200710114124.2).
Example 1: the controlled release fertilizer special for soilless culture of ornamental flowers comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
(1) 50kg of urea bottom coating 4% modified epoxy resin coated ammonium nitrate
(2) 50kg of urea base coat 3% modified epoxy resin coated ammonium sulfate
(3) 120kg of urea base coat 3% modified epoxy resin coated diammonium phosphate
(4) 130kg of urea base coat 4% modified epoxy resin coated potassium nitrate
(5) 90kg of urea base coat 4% modified epoxy resin coated calcium nitrate
(6) 60kg of urea base coat 3% modified epoxy resin coated magnesium sulfate
(7) 30kg of urea base coat 3% modified epoxy resin coated compound micro-fertilizer
(8) 6% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated ammonium nitrate 60kg
(9) 60kg of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated ammonium sulfate
(10) 80kg of diammonium phosphate double-layer coated with 4% of thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin
(11) 110kg of 5% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated potassium nitrate
(12) 80kg of 5% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated calcium nitrate
(13) 40kg of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated magnesium sulfate
(14) 40kg of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated compound micro-fertilizer.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
[1] core fertilizer raw material
Preparing the compound micro-fertilizer: 100kg of zinc sulfate, 20kg of copper sulfate, 30kg of borax, 100kg of ferrous sulfate, 20kg of manganese sulfate, 20kg of ammonium molybdate and 46kg of filler urea are taken, uniformly mixed and granulated in a disc mode, and the particle diameter is 2-3 mm.
Other core fertilizers, namely ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, diammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate and magnesium sulfate, are purchased from the market, and the particle diameter is 2-3 mm.
[2] Preparation of urea base coat modified epoxy resin coated fertilizer raw materials (1) - (7)
The epoxy resin E-44 and polyurethane PUR are mixed according to the mass ratio of 9: 1 to prepare the modified epoxy resin. 30kg of modified epoxy resin, 3kg of curing agent T-5933kg of diluent benzyl glycidyl ether and 0.9kg of bentonite are mixed to prepare the modified epoxy resin coating agent.
Respectively adding 100kg of granular ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, diammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate and a compound micro-fertilizer with the diameter of 2-3 mm into a rotary drum fluidized bed, and spraying a completely molten urea solution onto the fertilizer granules at 50 ℃, wherein the urea solution accounts for 5 mass parts of the core fertilizer. And then coating a layer of the modified epoxy resin coating agent prepared by the method according to the prior art. Respectively preparing 4% modified epoxy resin coated ammonium nitrate of a urea base coat, 3% modified epoxy resin coated ammonium sulfate of the urea base coat, 3% modified epoxy resin coated diammonium phosphate of the urea base coat, 4% modified epoxy resin coated potassium nitrate of the urea base coat, 4% modified epoxy resin coated calcium nitrate of the urea base coat, 3% modified epoxy resin coated magnesium sulfate of the urea base coat and 3% modified epoxy resin coated composite micro-fertilizer of the urea base coat.
[3] Preparation of thermoplastic and thermosetting double-layer coated fertilizer raw materials (8) - (14)
a. 20kg of recycled polyethylene resin is dissolved in 333kg of a mixed solvent of n-butyl acetate and amyl acetate with the mass ratio of 2: 1, 5kg of diatomite, wheat flour and rubber powder are mixed in a ratio of 1: 1, and the thermoplastic resin inner layer film coating agent is prepared.
b. 15kg of a mixed solution of epoxy resin E-44 and polyurethane PUR (mass ratio E-44/PUR: 95/5), 3kg of triethylene tetramine, and 3kg of tributyl phosphate were mixed to prepare a thermosetting resin outer layer film coating agent.
c. And (3) coating an inner layer film coating agent prepared by a step (a) by taking 100kg of granular ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, diammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate and a compound micro-fertilizer with the diameter of 2-3 mm, wherein the inner layer film coating agent comprises 4% of inner layer film materials, 2% of inner layer film materials, 3% of inner layer film materials and 2% of inner layer film materials. And (c) coating an outer-layer film coating agent prepared by the step (b), wherein the mass percentage of outer-layer film materials in the core fertilizer is 2%.
[4] Taking the prepared urea bottom coat 4% modified epoxy resin coated ammonium nitrate, the urea bottom coat 3% modified epoxy resin coated ammonium sulfate, the urea bottom coat 3% modified epoxy resin coated diammonium phosphate, the urea bottom coat 4% modified epoxy resin coated potassium nitrate, the urea bottom coat 4% modified epoxy resin coated calcium nitrate, the urea bottom coat 3% modified epoxy resin coated magnesium sulfate, the urea bottom coat 3% modified epoxy resin coated composite microelement fertilizer, the 6% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated ammonium nitrate, the 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated ammonium sulfate, the 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated diammonium phosphate, the 5% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated potassium nitrate, the 5% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated calcium nitrate, the 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated magnesium sulfate, The method comprises the steps of putting all raw materials into a stirrer to be stirred for 5-10 minutes, fully mixing the raw materials uniformly, and feeding the mixed fertilizer into a metering and packaging machine to be metered and packaged.
Example 2: the controlled release fertilizer special for soilless culture of ornamental flowers comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
60kg of urea bottom coating 4% modified epoxy resin coated ammonium nitrate
60kg of 3 percent modified epoxy resin coated ammonium sulfate of urea base coat
130kg of urea base coat 3% modified epoxy resin coated diammonium phosphate
150kg of urea base coat 4% modified epoxy resin coated potassium nitrate
100kg of urea base coat 4% modified epoxy resin coated calcium nitrate
70kg of urea bottom coating 3 percent modified epoxy resin coated magnesium sulfate
40kg of urea base coat 3% modified epoxy resin coated compound micro-fertilizer
50kg of 6 percent thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated ammonium nitrate
50kg of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated ammonium sulfate
70kg of diammonium phosphate double-layer coated by 4% of thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin
90kg of 5% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated potassium nitrate
70kg of 5 percent thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated calcium nitrate
30kg of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated magnesium sulfate
30kg of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated compound micro-fertilizer.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Example 3: the controlled release fertilizer special for soilless culture of ornamental flowers comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
65kg of urea base coat 4% modified epoxy resin coated ammonium nitrate
55kg of urea base coat 3% modified epoxy resin coated ammonium sulfate
110kg of urea base coat 3% modified epoxy resin coated diammonium phosphate
140kg of urea base coat 4% modified epoxy resin coated potassium nitrate
110kg of urea base coat 4% modified epoxy resin coated calcium nitrate
80kg of urea bottom coating 3% modified epoxy resin coated magnesium sulfate
35kg of urea base coat 3% modified epoxy resin coated compound micro-fertilizer
55kg of 6 percent thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated ammonium nitrate
60kg of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated ammonium sulfate
60kg of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated diammonium phosphate
100kg of 5% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated potassium nitrate
60kg of 5% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated calcium nitrate
35kg of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated magnesium sulfate
35kg of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated compound micro-fertilizer.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Example 4: the controlled release fertilizer special for soilless culture of ornamental flowers comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
55kg of urea base coat 4% modified epoxy resin coated ammonium nitrate
65kg of urea base coat 3% modified epoxy resin coated ammonium sulfate
100kg of urea base coat 3% modified epoxy resin coated diammonium phosphate
120kg of urea base coat 4% modified epoxy resin coated potassium nitrate
80kg of urea bottom coating 4% modified epoxy resin coated calcium nitrate
50kg of urea base coat 3% modified epoxy resin coated magnesium sulfate
35kg of urea base coat 3% modified epoxy resin coated compound micro-fertilizer
65kg of 6 percent thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated ammonium nitrate
55kg of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated ammonium sulfate
90kg of diammonium phosphate with double-layer coating of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin
120kg of 5% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated potassium nitrate
90kg of 5% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated calcium nitrate
45kg of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated magnesium sulfate
30kg of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated compound micro-fertilizer.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Comparative example:
the soilless culture common nutrient solution formula comprises: (NH)4)2SO4 237mg/L，MgSO4·7H2O 537mg/L，Ca(NO3)2·4H2O1260mg/L，K2SO4 250mg/L，KH2PO4 350mg/L，EDTA-Fe 25mg/L。
The application effects of the above examples 1-4 and comparative examples are as follows:
test site: test farms of the ecological engineering limited of Jing Zheng of Jing jin in Shandong province.
Test time: 2009 4/2009 11/2009.
And (3) flower testing: chrysanthemum and herba seu radix Phrymatis.
A plastic basket is used as a cultivation container, and a cultivation substrate is quartz sand. The chrysanthemum and the scarlet sage are respectively provided with 5 treatment groups, the fertilizers applied in the examples 1-4 are respectively 4 treatment groups, the control group is used for treatment, the planting area of each treatment group is 0.5 square meter, the fertilizer dosage of each group is 170 g, the total dosage of the fertilizers in the examples and the fertilizers in the control group is the same, the fertilizers in the examples are uniformly mixed into quartz sand once before the flower planting, and the fertilizers in the control group are prepared into nutrient solution to be applied for multiple times according to the conventional habit in the flower growing process. The application effect is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Claims (3)
1. The special controlled-release fertilizer for soilless culture of ornamental flowers is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
(1) 50-65 parts of urea bottom coating 4% modified epoxy resin coated ammonium nitrate,
(2) 50-65 parts of urea bottom coating 3% modified epoxy resin coated ammonium sulfate,
(3) 100-135 parts of urea base coat 3% modified epoxy resin coated diammonium phosphate,
(4) 120-160 parts of urea bottom coating 4% modified epoxy resin coated potassium nitrate,
(5) 80-110 parts of urea bottom coating 4% modified epoxy resin coated calcium nitrate,
(6) 50-80 parts of urea bottom coating 3% modified epoxy resin coated magnesium sulfate,
(7) 30-45 parts of urea base coat 3% modified epoxy resin coated compound micro-fertilizer,
(8) 45-65 parts of 6% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated ammonium nitrate,
(9) 45-60 parts of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated ammonium sulfate,
(10) 60-90 parts of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated diammonium phosphate,
(11) 80-120 parts of 5% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated potassium nitrate,
(12) 60-90 parts of 5% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated calcium nitrate,
(13) 25-45 parts of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated magnesium sulfate,
(14) 25-40 parts of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated composite micro-fertilizer;
the core fertilizer in the raw materials (1) - (7) is respectively ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, diammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate and a composite micro-fertilizer, the percentage in the name of the raw materials is that the modified epoxy resin film material accounts for the mass of the core fertilizer, and the urea of the bottom coating accounts for 4-6% of the mass of the core fertilizer;
the core fertilizer in the raw materials (8) - (14) is respectively ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, diammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate and a composite micro-fertilizer, and the percentage in the name of the raw materials is that the total amount of double-layer film materials accounts for the mass of the core fertilizer, wherein the inner cladding layer is a thermoplastic resin film, the outer cladding layer is a thermosetting resin film, and the mass percentage of the thermosetting resin film materials to the core fertilizer is 2%;
the compound micro-fertilizer of the core fertilizer in the raw materials (7) and (14) is prepared by mixing and granulating zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, borax, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate and ammonium molybdate according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.18-0.21: 0.27-0.32: 0.5-1.5: 0.15-0.22: 0.18-0.22.
2. The controlled release fertilizer special for soilless culture of ornamental flowers and plants as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass:
59-61 parts of urea bottom coating 4% modified epoxy resin coated ammonium nitrate
59-61 parts of urea undercoat 3% modified epoxy resin coated ammonium sulfate
128-132 parts of urea base coat 3% modified epoxy resin coated diammonium phosphate
148-152 parts of urea base coat 4% modified epoxy resin coated potassium nitrate
98-102 parts of urea bottom coating 4% modified epoxy resin coated calcium nitrate
69-71 parts of urea bottom coating 3% modified epoxy resin coated magnesium sulfate
39-41 parts of urea base coat 3% modified epoxy resin coated composite micro-fertilizer
49-51 parts of 6% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated ammonium nitrate
49-51 parts of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated ammonium sulfate
69-71 parts of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated diammonium phosphate
88-92 parts of 5% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated potassium nitrate
69-71 parts of 5% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated calcium nitrate
29-31 parts of 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated magnesium sulfate
29-31 parts of a 4% thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin double-layer coated composite micro-fertilizer.
3. The application of the controlled release fertilizer special for soilless culture of ornamental flowers of claim 1 or 2, the method comprises the following steps:
i. when the nutrient solution is cultivated, the special controlled-release fertilizer is directly put into water; or,
and ii, uniformly mixing the special controlled-release fertilizer into the culture substrate during substrate culture.
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| CN101239854A (en) * | 2008-03-10 | 2008-08-13 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Special-purpose control-release fertilizer for modified epoxy resin integument tulip and preparation method thereof |
| CN101239857A (en) * | 2008-03-10 | 2008-08-13 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Long-acting special-purpose control-release fertilizer for peony and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101239854A (en) * | 2008-03-10 | 2008-08-13 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Special-purpose control-release fertilizer for modified epoxy resin integument tulip and preparation method thereof |
| CN101239857A (en) * | 2008-03-10 | 2008-08-13 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Long-acting special-purpose control-release fertilizer for peony and preparation method thereof |
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