CN101891550B - Synchronous nutrient controlled release fertilizer special for cotton and application thereof - Google Patents
Synchronous nutrient controlled release fertilizer special for cotton and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a synchronous nutrient controlled release fertilizer special for cotton and application thereof. The controlled release fertilizer special for cotton is prepared by compounding a humic acid coated controlled release fertilizer, a sulfurated high polymer coated controlled release fertilizer, thermoplastic and thermosetting double-layer coated urea, zinc sulfate and boric acid. The nutrient release rule of the controlled release fertilizer special for the cotton and the nutrient absorption rule of the cotton are synchronous, the controlled release fertilizer special for the cotton is applied to a planting ditch in a concentration way at one time when the cotton is seeded or transplanted, the top application is not needed any more, the controlled release fertilizer special for the cotton has no harm to root systems, and the fertilizer utilization rate is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of controlled release fertilizer, particularly a kind ofly do not injure root system, sowing the time imposes on controlled release fertilizer special for cotton in the seed furrow (or cave) and preparation method thereof, belongs to controlled release fertilizer technology field.
Background technology
Cotton is one of staple crop of China, and cultivated area had reached 5,000,000 hectares in 2010.But, to compare with staple crops such as wheat, corn, paddy rice, the cultivated area fluctuation maximum of cotton, its major cause are plantation income fluctuation.The key of dealing with problems makes great efforts to reduce cost except that macro adjustments and controls, maintenance product price are stablized, and improving the input income also is to keep one of stable important measures of Cotton Production.Investigation shows that the cost of plant cotton mainly comprises input expense, cost of labor and the soil cost of basic substance.Nearest 5 years, the average annual growth rate 11.3% of cost of labor, on material dropped into, only the chemical fertilizer input accounted for the 30%-40% of total cost.
At present, fertilizer application mode is integrated as the master with base manure with topdressing in the Cotton Production, 1-2 time topdress and increased peasant's labour intensity and cost of labor in breeding time.Simultaneously, high temperature and rainy during the cotton growth, the quick acting fertilizer that imposes have quite a few extremely underground with soil water drip washing, cause fertilizer loss, topdress to operate cotton plants is caused damage in the field.
Cotton is the taproot system crop, and it is coniform that root system is, and lateral root is begun to take place by the main root 3-4 centimeters of burying, so cotton is suitable for concentrating fertilising at main root region soil, absorbs efficient with raising.But existing fertilizer variety dissolving rapidly, and a large amount of fertilizer contacts with root system easily to produce and burns the root phenomenon.
Chinese patent file CN 100429192C (application number 200710114007.6) discloses a kind of controlled release fertilizer special for cotton material and preparation method thereof, utilize thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea, sulfur coating urea and Repone K composite fertilizer, Repone K, zinc sulfate, the accurate composite cotton formula controlled release fertilizer that formed of borax, solved cotton single fertilization problem, with the base manure of routine, topdress and repeatedly used than much progress.But easy oxidated the breaking of function influence generation putamina of waiting of the sulfur coating material in this controlled release fertilizer causes the unexpected release of nutrient in the film, imposes near the cotton root system if concentrate, and causes easily and burns the root phenomenon, uses so can only make the base manure holostrome.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of controlled release fertilizer special for cotton of synchronous nutrient.
The present invention is according to the controlled-release fertilizer production technology, the fertile kind of different controlled releases is in the nutrient releasing research and the field experiment effect research of controlled release fertilizer on cotton in field, utilize humic acid membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer, sulphur adds the high molecular polymer film-coated controlled release fertilizer, reclaiming the double-deck coating controlled-release fertilizer raw material of thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin carries out composite, the controlled release fertilizer special for cotton that makes, the releasing rule and the cotton of nutrient are synchronous to nutrient absorbing rule, and disposable concentrating applies in the plantation ditch when sowing cotton seed or transplanting, needn't go again and topdress, root system there is not injury, the utilization rate of fertilizer height saves labor.
The present invention also provides preparation method's and methods for using them of controlled release fertilizer special for cotton.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of controlled release fertilizer special for cotton of synchronous nutrient, the material component mass parts is as follows:
450～550 parts of humic acid membrane wrapping composite fertilizers,
Sulphur adds 250～350 parts of high molecular polymer coated carbamides,
90～150 parts of the double-deck coated carbamides of 5% thermoplastic and thermosetting,
50～90 parts of the double-deck coated carbamides of 6% thermoplastic and thermosetting,
15～25 parts in zinc sulfate,
5～12 parts of boric acid.
Described humic acid membrane wrapping composite fertilizer is to be nuclear core fertilizer with the granular compound fertilizer, spray one layer binder outside nuclear core fertilizer, spray the weathered coal of the air-dry pulverizing of one deck again, solidify the back and repeat said process, account for 1% of nuclear core fertilizer quality until reaching binding agent, weathered coal accounts for 5% of core fertilizer quality.Wherein, preferred, be respectively 15%, 15%, 15% as nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium mass percentage content of the composite fertilizer of nuclear core fertilizer.The preparation method is referring to CN100556866C (200810139610.4) " a kind of humic acid control-releasing fertilizer and preparation method thereof ", and the present invention quotes the full text of this patent document as prior art.Wherein binding agent preferred epoxy and 10: 1 mass ratioes of triethylene tetramine mixes.
It is to be nuclear core fertilizer with the granular urea that described sulphur adds the high molecular polymer coated carbamide, and spraying inner cladding sulphur film sprays the surrounding layer polymer membrane again and makes earlier.Wherein, it is 20% that the sulphur mould material accounts for nuclear core fertilizer quality per-cent, and the mass percent that polymer membrane accounts for nuclear core fertilizer is 2%.The preparation method is referring to CN1246265C (200410024050.X) " is the preparation method of the high polymer film-coated controlled release fertilizer of undercoat with sulphur ", and the present invention quotes the full text of this patent document as prior art.The preferred granular urea of urea, 2～3 millimeters of particle diameters.Preferably, high polymer film-coated dose of mixing that is novolac epoxy and triethylene tetramine with 9: 1 mass ratioes.
Double-deck coated carbamide of described 5% thermoplastic and thermosetting and 6% thermoplastic and the double-deck coated carbamide of thermosetting are respectively to be nuclear core fertilizer with the granular urea, earlier coating quality per-cent is 3%, 4% inner cladding thermoplastic resin film respectively, and coating quality per-cent is that 2% surrounding layer thermosetting resin film makes respectively again.The preparation method " reclaims the production method of thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin multi-layer composite coated controlled-release fertilizer " referring to CN100567222C (200710114124.2), and the present invention quotes the full text of this patent document as prior art.Percentage ratio in the material name accounts for the per-cent of nuclear core fertilizer quality for the duplicature total amount of material.
Described zinc sulfate and boric acid are the commercially available prod.
The controlled release fertilizer special for cotton of above-mentioned synchronous nutrient, further preferred prescription, the material component mass parts is as follows:
480～520 parts of humic acid membrane wrapping composite fertilizers,
Sulphur adds 280～320 parts of high molecular polymer coated carbamides,
110～130 parts of the double-deck coated carbamides of 5% thermoplastic and thermosetting,
50～60 parts of the double-deck coated carbamides of 6% thermoplastic and thermosetting,
19～21 parts in zinc sulfate,
9～11 parts of boric acid.
The preparation method of the controlled release fertilizer special for cotton of synchronous nutrient of the present invention gets humic acid membrane wrapping composite fertilizer, sulphur by prescription and adds the double-deck coated carbamide of high molecular polymer coated carbamide, 5% thermoplastic and thermosetting, 6% thermoplastic and thermosetting bilayer coated carbamide, zinc sulfate, boric acid.All raw materials are put into the stirrer stirring and evenly mixing, metering, packing.
Raw material in the controlled release fertilizer special for cotton prescription of the present invention all can be prepared by prior art, the present invention with the method for preparing raw material among the embodiment as preferred scheme.
Controlled release fertilizer special for cotton of the present invention is used:
The i fertilizing method:
During feeding block seedlings raising, before the survival after transplant, fertilizer is imposed in the field planting ditch, fertilization depth is that fertilizer is in bottom of trench subordinate side 5-6 centimeters; Perhaps,
When cotton was live, fertilising was carried out simultaneously with sowing, fertilizer capable with sowing row on the same line, fertilizer in seed furrow overhead degree of depth 14-16 centimetre, perhaps below seed 8-12 centimetre.
Ii rate of fertilizer application: every mu of fertilising 40kg～60kg; Perhaps the amount of using common chemical fertilizer with local peasant is done reference, uses by the 60%-80% of common fertilizer amount.
Excellent results of the present invention is as follows:
1. the controlled release fertilizer nutrient discharges with the cotton absorption and matches
Controlled release fertilizer special for cotton of the present invention is need combine formulated according to different coating controlled-release fertilizer raw materials nutrient element releasing rule and cotton of (rather than on the common meaning 25 ℃ water in) in soil to nutrient absorbing, the field practical situation that its controlled release fertilizer of determining with fertilizer releasing period in 25 ℃ of Static Water commonly used is more pressed close to cotton growth, therefore, the nutrition absorption synchronous nutrient of release of the nutrient of controlled release fertilizer and cotton.
2. consumption is few, the utilization rate of fertilizer height
This controlled release fertilizer special for cotton does not directly contact with seed or root system can produce harm, therefore can execute near seed or root system, is beneficial to root system and absorbs, and has greatly improved utilization rate of fertilizer.Compare with the normal conventional fertilising, can improve utilization rate of fertilizer 50%-70%.
3. use conveniently, save labor
This controlled release fertilizer special for cotton directly utilizes mechanical single fertilization in conjunction with trench digging or sowing at cotton replanting or when sowing, needn't go fertilising later on again, has reduced manually, input such as machinery, has reduced peasant's labour intensity, has saved cost, has improved economic benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the nutrient absorption law graphic representation of embodiment 1 controlled release fertilizer special for cotton nutrient element releasing rule and cotton, thick line is the fertile nitrogen of controlled release, phosphorus, potassium cumulative release rule line, fine rule is nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium accumulation absorbing rule curve of cotton, X-coordinate is the time behind the sowing cotton seed, and ordinate zou is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium total nutrient quantity.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment, but be not limited thereto.Per-cent among the embodiment is mass percent.Clearly do not limit among the embodiment all by prior art, the method that provides as CN100556866C (200810139610.4), CN1246265C (200410024050.X) and CN100567222C (200710114124.2).
Embodiment 1:
Controlled release fertilizer special for cotton, the material component mass parts is as follows:
Humic acid membrane wrapping composite fertilizer 500kg,
Sulphur adds high molecular polymer coated carbamide 300kg,
The double-deck coated carbamide 120kg of 5% thermoplastic and thermosetting,
The double-deck coated carbamide 50kg of 6% thermoplastic and thermosetting,
Zinc sulfate 20kg,
Boric acid 10kg.
The preparation method:
(1) preparation of humic acid membrane wrapping composite fertilizer:
10kg Resins, epoxy and 1kg triethylene tetramine are mixed, and it is standby to be mixed with binding agent.
Get the compound manure 1000kg of 2～3 millimeters of particle diameters, in rotary drum, be preheated to 65 ℃～70 ℃, spray above-mentioned binding agent 5kg to the fertiliser granulates that rotates, spray the weathered coal of the air-dry pulverizing of 25kg again, solidify the back and repeat said process 1 time, reach binding agent and account for 1% of core fertilizer quality, weathered coal accounts for 5% of core fertilizer quality.
(2) sulphur adds the preparation of high molecular polymer coated carbamide:
I mixes novolac epoxy 9kg and triethylene tetramine 1kg, is mixed with high polymer film-coated dose.
Ii takes by weighing the granular urea 500kg of 2～3 millimeters of particle diameters, wraps one deck sulphur earlier by prior art, and the sulphur mould material accounts for 20% of nuclear fertilizer quality, wraps above-mentioned high polymer film-coated dose of one deck again, and the coating agent accounts for 2% of nuclear fertilizer quality.Make sulphur and add the high molecular polymer coated carbamide.
The preparation of the double-deck coated carbamide of (3) 5% thermoplastics and thermosetting, 6% thermoplastic and the double-deck coated carbamide of thermosetting:
It is miscible in 125kg n-butyl acetate and pentyl acetate mass ratio are 5: 1 mixed solvents that i reclaims polyvinyl resin, 0.3kg light calcium carbonate, 0.6kg yam starch, 0.2kg rubber powder with 10kg, is mixed with the agent of thermoplastic resin inner layer film coating.
5), triethylene tetramine 1.2kg mixes with tributyl phosphate 1.5kg, is mixed with the agent of thermosetting resin outer membrane coating ii is with the mixed solution 6kg of epoxy resin E-44 and polyurethane PU R (mass ratio E-44: PUR=95 wherein:.
Iii takes by weighing each 1 part of the granular urea 200kg of 2～3 millimeters of diameters and 100kg, wraps the inner layer film coating agent that the above-mentioned i of one deck makes respectively earlier by prior art, and the per-cent that the inner layer film material accounts for nuclear core fertilizer quality is 3% and 4%.Wrap the outer membrane coating agent that the above-mentioned ii of one deck makes again respectively, the per-cent that the outer membrane material accounts for nuclear core fertilizer quality all is 2%.Get the double-deck coated carbamide of 5% thermoplastic and thermosetting, 6% thermoplastic and the double-deck coated carbamide of thermosetting, standby.
(4) get humic acid membrane wrapping composite fertilizer, sulphur by prescription and add the double-deck coated carbamide of high molecular polymer coated carbamide, 5% thermoplastic and thermosetting, 6% thermoplastic and thermosetting bilayer coated carbamide, zinc sulfate, boric acid, all raw materials are put into the stirrer stirring and evenly mixing, with the fertilizer that mixes send into metering, wrapping machine measures, packs.
Embodiment 2: controlled release fertilizer special for cotton, and the material component mass parts is as follows:
Humic acid membrane wrapping composite fertilizer 450kg,
Sulphur adds high molecular polymer coated carbamide 350kg,
The double-deck coated carbamide 97kg of 5% thermoplastic and thermosetting,
The double-deck coated carbamide 80kg of 6% thermoplastic and thermosetting,
Zinc sulfate 15kg,
Boric acid 8kg.
Method for preparing raw material is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3: controlled release fertilizer special for cotton, and the material component mass parts is as follows:
Humic acid membrane wrapping composite fertilizer 550kg,
Sulphur adds high molecular polymer coated carbamide 250kg,
The double-deck coated carbamide 110kg of 5% thermoplastic and thermosetting,
The double-deck coated carbamide 60kg of 6% thermoplastic and thermosetting,
Zinc sulfate 25kg,
Boric acid 5kg.
Method for preparing raw material is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4: controlled release fertilizer special for cotton, and the material component mass parts is as follows:
Humic acid membrane wrapping composite fertilizer 450kg,
Sulphur adds high molecular polymer coated carbamide 280kg,
The double-deck coated carbamide 150kg of 5% thermoplastic and thermosetting,
The double-deck coated carbamide 90kg of 6% thermoplastic and thermosetting,
Zinc sulfate 18kg,
Boric acid 12kg.
Comparative Examples:
Common Repone K composite fertilizer, wherein nitrogen, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, potassium oxide content are respectively 15wt%, 15wt%, 15wt%, urea, nitrogen content 46wt%.
The effect of above embodiment 1～4 and Comparative Examples is as follows:
Test site: Pingyuan County, Shandong Province.
Test period: in April, 2009 is to October.
For trying cotton variety: the Shandong cotton is ground No. 22.
The embodiment fertilizer amount is 70% of a Comparative Examples.The Comparative Examples fertilizer amount determines that by local peasant habit consumption its fertilizing method is the peasant habit method, and common Repone K composite fertilizer uses at whole ground previous crops base manure holostrome, and urea imposes at the cotton full-bloom stage.Whole special-purpose control-release fertilizers are to impose in the seed furrow when sowing cotton seed among the embodiment, about 15 centimetres of fertilization depths.Effect sees Table 1.
Table 1. is compared the effect of embodiment 1-4 with Comparative Examples
| Fertilizer of the present invention | Yield-increasing efficiency (%) | Save labour cost (unit/mu) |
| Embodiment 1 | 9.4 | 50 |
| Embodiment 2 | 6.5 | 50 |
| Embodiment 3 | 8.1 | 50 |
| Embodiment 4 | 5.8 | 50 |
Claims (4)
1. the controlled release fertilizer special for cotton of a synchronous nutrient is characterized in that the material component mass parts is as follows:
450～550 parts of humic acid membrane wrapping composite fertilizers,
Sulphur adds 250～350 parts of high molecular polymer coated carbamides,
90～150 parts of the double-deck coated carbamides of 5% thermoplastic and thermosetting,
50～90 parts of the double-deck coated carbamides of 6% thermoplastic and thermosetting,
15～25 parts in zinc sulfate,
5～12 parts of boric acid;
Described humic acid membrane wrapping composite fertilizer is to be nuclear core fertilizer with the granular compound fertilizer, spray one layer binder outside nuclear core fertilizer, spray the weathered coal of the air-dry pulverizing of one deck again, solidify the back and repeat said process, account for 1% of nuclear core fertilizer quality until reaching binding agent, weathered coal accounts for 5% of core fertilizer quality;
It is to be nuclear core fertilizer with the granular urea that described sulphur adds the high molecular polymer coated carbamide, and spraying inner cladding sulphur film sprays the surrounding layer polymer membrane again and makes earlier; Wherein, it is 20% that the sulphur mould material accounts for nuclear core fertilizer quality per-cent, and the mass percent that polymer membrane accounts for nuclear core fertilizer is 2%; Described high polymer film-coated dose of mixing that is novolac epoxy and triethylene tetramine with 9: 1 mass ratioes;
Double-deck coated carbamide of described 5% thermoplastic and thermosetting and 6% thermoplastic and the double-deck coated carbamide of thermosetting are respectively to be nuclear core fertilizer with the granular urea, earlier coating quality per-cent is 3%, 4% inner cladding thermoplastic resin film respectively, and coating quality per-cent is that 2% surrounding layer thermosetting resin film makes respectively again; Wherein, the agent of thermoplastic resin inner layer film coating is that reclaiming polyvinyl resin, 0.3kg light calcium carbonate, 0.6kg yam starch, 0.2kg rubber powder 10kg miscible is formulated in 5: 1 mixed solvents in 125kg n-butyl acetate and pentyl acetate mass ratio; The agent of thermosetting resin outer membrane coating is that epoxy resin E-44 and polyurethane PU R are formed by 95: 5 mixed solution 6kg of mass ratio, triethylene tetramine 1.2kg and tributyl phosphate 1.5kg mixed preparing.
2. controlled release fertilizer special for cotton as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the material component mass parts is as follows:
480～520 parts of humic acid membrane wrapping composite fertilizers,
Sulphur adds 280～320 parts of high molecular polymer coated carbamides,
110～130 parts of the double-deck coated carbamides of 5% thermoplastic and thermosetting,
50～60 parts of the double-deck coated carbamides of 6% thermoplastic and thermosetting,
19～21 parts in zinc sulfate,
9～11 parts of boric acid.
3. the application of the described controlled release fertilizer special for cotton of claim 1 is characterized in that fertilizing method is as follows:
During feeding block seedlings raising, before the survival after transplant, whole fertilizer are imposed in the field planting ditch, fertilization depth is that fertilizer is in bottom of trench subordinate side 5-6 centimeters; Perhaps,
When cotton was live, fertilising was carried out simultaneously with sowing, fertilizer capable with sowing row on the same line, fertilizer overhead degree of depth in seed furrow is 14-16 centimetre.
4. the application of controlled release fertilizer special for cotton as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that rate of fertilizer application is as follows: every mu of fertilising 40kg～60kg; Perhaps the amount of using common chemical fertilizer with local peasant is done reference, uses by the 60%-80% of common fertilizer amount.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN103396243A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2013-11-20 | 山东茂施生态肥料有限公司 | Whole-course one-time applied cotton dedicated controlled release fertilizer, and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN102617253A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2012-08-01 | 山东农大肥业科技有限公司 | Special sulphur plus resin double-membrane humic acid controlled release fertilizer applicable to tunnel cultivation of endive |
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