CN101913023B - Titanium alloy and tin bronze electron beam welding method - Google Patents
Titanium alloy and tin bronze electron beam welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101913023B CN101913023B CN2010102781638A CN201010278163A CN101913023B CN 101913023 B CN101913023 B CN 101913023B CN 2010102781638 A CN2010102781638 A CN 2010102781638A CN 201010278163 A CN201010278163 A CN 201010278163A CN 101913023 B CN101913023 B CN 101913023B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a titanium alloy and tin bronze electron beam welding method, which belongs to the field of dissimilar material melting and welding and aims to solve the problem that electron beam welding of tin bronze and titanium alloy dissimilar materials is easy to generate an inter-metallic compound laminar structure. Compared with the conventional welding method, the method is characterized in that: electron beam welding are performed on a butted surface of the TC4 titanium alloy and the tin bronze alloy and a certain distance deviating to the tin bronze alloy side respectively by utilizing an overlaying welding method. On the one hand, seams of the TC4 titanium alloy and the tin bronze alloy can form good metallurgical bonding, and the joint has no welding defects such as pores, cracks and the like; and on the other hand, the inter-metallic compound laminar structure formed by the seam and the tin bronze alloy side can be weakened or eliminated to obtain continuously distributed seam textures so as to improve the tensile strength of the joint to over 70 percent of a tin bronze alloy base material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tin bronze and titanium alloy dissimilar materials electro-beam welding method, belong to foreign material molten solder field.
Background technology
The TC4 titanium alloy is a kind of good structural material, has characteristics such as density is little, specific strength is high, plasticity and toughness are good, heat-proof corrosion-resistant property is good, machinability is good, has very important using value in fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, Vehicle Engineering, biomedical engineerings.Tin bronze alloys has good electrical and thermal conductivity performance, ductility and good corrosion resistance.Thereby all obtained using widely in industry such as electric, electronics, chemical industry, power, traffic and Aero-Space and military service.The welding of foreign material receives people's attention day by day.Be characterized in that the advantage separately that can maximally utilise material satisfies modern production to the many-sided requirement of material structure performance, in some cases, the combination property of foreign material even surpass single metal structure.Realize the TC4 titanium alloy and effective connection of tin bronze alloys foreign material can satisfy thermal conductivity, wearability, corrosion proof requirement, can satisfy the requirement of high-strength light again, will gather around in fields such as Aero-Space, shipbuilding, instrument and have broad application prospects.
But, be prone in the TC4/ tin bronze electron beam welding welding seam form lamellar tissue's structure of forming by intermetallic compound, be the weak location in the joint, joint tensile strength is reduced, the rational method that addresses this problem does not both at home and abroad at present appear in the newspapers as yet.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve the problem that the electron beam welding of TC4/ tin bronze alloys foreign material is easy to generate intermetallic compounds layer shape structure.
Titanium alloy of the present invention and tin bronze electron beam welding method; Be after the interface that adopts existing electro-beam welding method to two kinds of mother metals welds completion; Adopting electro-beam welding method again is being partial to tin bronze alloys mother metal one side, is carrying out the welding second time with welding seam distance 0.2mm to 1.0mm place; The mother metal of said welding is titanium alloy mother metal and tin bronze alloys mother metal; Wherein the composition of titanium alloy mother metal is Al:6.2% (weight), V:3.5% (weight), impurity≤0.2% (weight), and surplus is Ti; The composition of tin bronze alloys mother metal is that Sn:9.0% (weight), surplus are Cu.
Welding method of the present invention focuses on the welding position through designing electron beam, utilizes the method for stack welding to improve the joint microstructure structure, reduces or eliminate the adverse effect of intermetallic compound, obtains the high-strength jointing of high-quality.
When said titanium alloy mother metal and tin bronze alloys mother metal all are thickness when being the sheet material of 1.5mm～5.0mm, the process of said welding is:
Step 1, two boards material to be welded is carried out preliminary treatment;
The relative position of step 2, adjustment two boards material make misalignment between the interface of said two boards material less than 0.2mm, and the slit between the said interface is less than 0.1mm; Use the said two boards material of clamps then, make said two boards material can not produce relative motion;
Step 3, the two boards material that fixes is put into vacuum chamber begin to vacuumize, the vacuum that makes this vacuum chamber is 5 * 10
-2Pa to 5 * 10
-4Between the Pa;
Step 4, the focal position of electron beam is set at the slit between the interface of two boards material, begins welding then, operating distance is 150mm during welding; Accelerating potential is 55kV; Focus current is 2590mA, and electronic beam current is 15mA～50mA, and speed of welding is 4mm/s～12mm/s;
Step 5, with the focal position of electron beam to tin bronze alloys side shifting 0.2～1.0mm, carry out the welding second time in this position; Operating distance is 150mm during welding, and accelerating potential is 55kV, and focus current is 2590mA, and electronic beam current is 12mA～45mA, and speed of welding is 5mm/s～12mm/s;
Step 6, vacuum chamber cooling 8min to 12min, welding is accomplished.
When said titanium alloy mother metal and tin bronze alloys mother metal all are wall thickness when being the tubing of 1.5mm～5.0mm, the weld seam of welding is annular butt weld, and then the process of said welding method is:
Step 1, two tubing to be welded are carried out preliminary treatment;
The relative position of step 2, two tubing of adjustment make misalignment between the interface of said two tubing less than 0.2mm, and the slit between the said interface is less than 0.1mm; Use said two tubing of clamps then, make said two tubing can not produce relative motion;
The fixed form that the mode of the usefulness clamps described in the step 2 can adopt two ends evenly to load realizes.Can exert pressure to the end points of two kinds of material pipe fittings respectively, guarantee that test specimen is not moved in the welding process;
Step 3, two tubing that will fix are put into vacuum chamber and are begun to vacuumize, and the vacuum that makes this vacuum chamber is 5 * 10
-2Pa to 5 * 10
-4Between the Pa;
Step 4, the set positions of the focusing of electron beam welding is welded at the place, slit of the interface of two tubing; Operating distance is 150mm during welding; Accelerating potential is 55kV, and focus current is 2590mA, and electronic beam current is 15mA～50mA; Speed of welding is 5mm/s～12mm/s, and the welding stroke is 450 degree;
Step 5, with the focal position of electron beam to tin bronze alloys tubing side shifting 0.2～1.0mm; Carry out the welding second time in this position, operating distance is 150mm during welding, and accelerating potential is 55kV; Focus current is 2590mA; Electronic beam current is 12mA～45mA, and speed of welding is 5mm/s～12mm/s, and the welding stroke is 450 degree;
Step 6, vacuum chamber cooling, cooling 8min to 12min goes vacuum, and welding is accomplished.
It is lower to adopt conventional electro-beam welding method that TC4 titanium alloy and tin bronze alloys are carried out strength of welded joint, is merely about 40% of tin bronze alloys mother metal.The present invention and conventional welding method difference are to utilize the method for stack welding, and interface, the deflection tin bronze alloys side certain distance to TC4 titanium alloy and tin bronze alloys carries out electron beam welding respectively.Can make TC4 titanium alloy and tin bronze alloys weld seam form excellent metallurgical on the one hand and combine, joint does not have weld defects such as pore, crackle; Can the intermetallic compounds layer shape structure of weld seam and the formation of tin bronze alloys side be weakened or eliminate on the other hand, obtain the seam organization of continuous distributed, thereby can joint tensile strength be brought up to more than 70% of tin bronze alloys mother metal.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment one: described a kind of titanium alloy of this embodiment and tin bronze electron beam welding method; Be after the interface that adopts existing electro-beam welding method to two kinds of mother metals welds completion; Adopting electro-beam welding method again is being partial to tin bronze alloys mother metal one side, is carrying out the welding second time with welding seam distance 0.2mm to 1.0mm place; The mother metal of said welding is titanium alloy mother metal and tin bronze alloys mother metal; Wherein the composition of titanium alloy mother metal is Al:6.2% (weight), V:3.5% (weight), impurity≤0.2% (weight), and surplus is Ti; The composition of tin bronze alloys mother metal is that Sn:9.0% (weight), surplus are Cu.
The specific embodiment two: this embodiment is the specific embodiment of the specific embodiment one described a kind of titanium alloy and tin bronze electron beam welding method.Titanium alloy mother metal described in this embodiment and tin bronze alloys mother metal all are thickness when being the sheet material of 1.5mm～5.0mm, and the process of said welding is:
Step 1, two boards material to be welded is carried out preliminary treatment;
The relative position of step 2, adjustment two boards material make misalignment between the interface of said two boards material less than 0.2mm, and the slit between the said interface is less than 0.1mm; Use the said two boards material of clamps then, make said two boards material can not produce relative motion;
Step 3, the two boards material that fixes is put into vacuum chamber begin to vacuumize, the vacuum that makes this vacuum chamber is 5 * 10
-2Pa to 5 * 10
-4Between the Pa;
Step 4, the focal position of electron beam is set at the slit between the interface of two boards material; Operating distance is 150mm when beginning the welding welding then, and accelerating potential is 55kV, and focus current is 2590mA; Electronic beam current is 15mA～50mA, and speed of welding is 4mm/s～12mm/s;
Step 5, with the focal position of electron beam to tin bronze alloys side shifting 0.2～1.0mm, carry out the welding second time in this position; Operating distance is 150mm during welding, and accelerating potential is 55kV, and focus current is 2590mA, and electronic beam current is 12mA～45mA, and speed of welding is 5mm/s～12mm/s;
Step 6, vacuum chamber cooling 8min to 12min, welding is accomplished.
The specific embodiment three: this embodiment is further specifying the specific embodiment two described a kind of titanium alloys and tin bronze electron beam welding method; Preliminary treatment described in the step 1 is meant that interface and the near zone thereof to two boards material to be welded carries out mechanical grinding and Chemical cleaning.
The specific embodiment four: this embodiment is to the further specifying of the specific embodiment two described a kind of titanium alloys and tin bronze electron beam welding method, the fixed form that the mode of the usefulness clamps described in the step 2 can adopt upper surface to load.Be specially, respectively the end points of two kinds of sheet materials exerted pressure, guarantee that the two boards material is not moved in the welding process.
The specific embodiment five: this embodiment is to the further specifying of the specific embodiment two described a kind of titanium alloys and tin bronze electron beam welding method, and the welding track of the welding second time described in the step 5 and the welding track in the step 4 parallel.
The specific embodiment six: in this embodiment, titanium alloy mother metal and tin bronze alloys mother metal all are that thickness is the sheet material of 1.5mm～3.0mm, and the difference of this embodiment and the specific embodiment two described a kind of titanium alloys and tin bronze electron beam welding method is,
In step 4, electronic beam current is 15mA～30mA, and speed of welding is 8mm/s～12mm/s;
In step 5, with the electron beam focal position to tin bronze alloys side shifting 0.2～0.6mm; Electronic beam current during welding is 12mA～25mA, and speed of welding is 8mm/s～12mm/s.
The specific embodiment seven: in this embodiment, titanium alloy mother metal and tin bronze alloys mother metal all are that thickness is the sheet material of 3.0mm～5.0mm, and the difference of this embodiment and the specific embodiment two described a kind of titanium alloys and tin bronze electron beam welding method is,
In step 4, electronic beam current is 30mA～50mA, and speed of welding is 5mm/s～8mm/s;
In step 5, with the focal position of electron beam to tin bronze alloys side shifting 0.6～1.0mm; Electronic beam current is 25mA～45mA during welding, and speed of welding is 5mm/s～8mm/s.
The specific embodiment eight: this embodiment is the specific embodiment of the specific embodiment one described a kind of titanium alloy and tin bronze electron beam welding method.Titanium alloy mother metal described in this embodiment and tin bronze alloys mother metal all are that wall thickness is the tubing of 1.5mm～5.0mm, and the weld seam of welding is annular butt weld, and the described welding process of this embodiment is:
Step 1, two tubing to be welded are carried out preliminary treatment;
The relative position of step 2, two tubing of adjustment make misalignment between the interface of said two tubing less than 0.2mm, and the slit between the said interface is less than 0.1mm; Use said two tubing of clamps then, make said two tubing can not produce relative motion;
Step 3, two tubing that will fix are put into vacuum chamber and are begun to vacuumize, and the vacuum that makes this vacuum chamber is 5 * 10
-2Pa to 5 * 10
-4Between the Pa;
Step 4, the set positions of the focusing of electron beam welding is welded at the place, slit of the interface of two tubing; Operating distance is 150mm during welding; Accelerating potential is 55kV, and focus current is 2590mA, and electronic beam current is 15mA～50mA; Speed of welding is 5mm/s～12mm/s, and the welding stroke is 450 degree;
Step 5, with the focal position of electron beam to tin bronze alloys tubing side shifting 0.2～1.0mm; Carry out the welding second time in this position, operating distance is 150mm during welding, and accelerating potential is 55kV; Focus current is 2590mA; Electronic beam current is 12mA～45mA, and speed of welding is 5mm/s～12mm/s, and the welding stroke is 450 degree;
Step 6, vacuum chamber cooling, cooling 8min to 12min goes vacuum, and welding is accomplished.
The specific embodiment nine: this embodiment is further specifying the specific embodiment eight described a kind of titanium alloys and tin bronze electron beam welding method; Preliminary treatment described in the step 1 is meant that interface and the near zone thereof to two tubing to be welded carries out mechanical grinding and Chemical cleaning.
The specific embodiment ten: this embodiment is to the further specifying of the specific embodiment eight described a kind of titanium alloys and tin bronze electron beam welding method, and the fixed form that the mode of the usefulness clamps described in the step 2 adopts two ends evenly to load realizes.Can exert pressure to the end points of two kinds of material pipe fittings respectively, guarantee that test specimen is not moved in the welding process.
The specific embodiment 11: this embodiment is to the further specifying of the specific embodiment eight described a kind of titanium alloys and tin bronze electron beam welding method, and the welding track of the welding second time described in the step 5 and the welding track in the step 4 parallel.
The specific embodiment 12: titanium alloy mother metal described in this embodiment and tin bronze alloys mother metal all are that wall thickness is the tubing of 1.5mm～3.0mm, this embodiment and the specific embodiment eight described welding methods difference be:
In step 4, electronic beam current is 15mA～30mA, and speed of welding is 8mm/s～12mm/s;
In step 5, with the focal position of electron beam to tin bronze alloys pipe fitting side shifting 0.2～0.6mm; Electronic beam current is 12mA～25mA during welding, and speed of welding is 8mm/s～12mm/s.
The specific embodiment 13: titanium alloy mother metal described in this embodiment and tin bronze alloys mother metal all are the thick tubing of 3.0mm～5.0mm that is, this embodiment is with the difference of the specific embodiment eight described welding methods:
In step 4, electronic beam current is 30mA～50mA, and speed of welding is 5mm/s～8mm/s;
In step 5, with the focal position of electron beam to tin bronze alloys side shifting 0.6～1.0mm; Electronic beam current during welding is 25mA～45mA, and speed of welding is 5mm/s～8mm/s.
Claims (10)
1. titanium alloy and tin bronze electron beam welding method; Said welding method is after the interface that adopts existing electro-beam welding method to two kinds of mother metals welds completion; Adopt electro-beam welding method being partial to tin bronze alloys mother metal one side, carrying out the welding second time again with welding seam distance 0.2mm to 1.0mm place; The mother metal of said welding is titanium alloy mother metal and tin bronze alloys mother metal; Wherein the composition of titanium alloy mother metal is Al:6.2% (weight), V:3.5% (weight), impurity≤0.2% (weight), and surplus is Ti; The composition of tin bronze alloys mother metal is that Sn:9.0% (weight), surplus are Cu;
It is characterized in that described titanium alloy mother metal and tin bronze alloys mother metal all are that thickness is the sheet material of 1.5mm～5.0mm, the process of said welding is:
Step 1, two boards material to be welded is carried out preliminary treatment;
The relative position of step 2, adjustment two boards material make misalignment between the interface of said two boards material less than 0.2mm, and the slit between the said interface is less than 0.1mm; Use the said two boards material of clamps then, make said two boards material can not produce relative motion;
Step 3, the two boards material that fixes is put into vacuum chamber begin to vacuumize, the vacuum that makes this vacuum chamber is 5 * 10
-2Pa to 5 * 10
-4Between the Pa;
Step 4, the focal position of electron beam is set at the slit between the interface of two boards material, begins welding then, operating distance is 150mm during welding; Accelerating potential is 55kV; Focus current is 2590mA, and electronic beam current is 15mA～50mA, and speed of welding is 4mm/s～12mm/s;
Step 5, with the focal position of electron beam to tin bronze alloys side shifting 0.2～1.0mm, carry out the welding second time in this position; Operating distance is 150mm during welding, and accelerating potential is 55kV, and focus current is 2590mA, and electronic beam current is 12mA～45mA, and speed of welding is 5mm/s～12mm/s;
Step 6, vacuum chamber cooling 8min to 12min, welding is accomplished.
2. a kind of titanium alloy according to claim 1 and tin bronze electron beam welding method is characterized in that, the fixed form that the mode of using clamps described in the step 2 loads as upper surface.
3. a kind of titanium alloy according to claim 1 and tin bronze electron beam welding method is characterized in that, titanium alloy mother metal and tin bronze alloys mother metal all are that thickness is the sheet material of 1.5mm～3.0mm,
In step 4, electronic beam current is 15mA～30mA, and speed of welding is 8mm/s～12mm/s;
In step 5, with the electron beam focal position to tin bronze alloys side shifting 0.2～0.6mm; Electronic beam current during welding is 12mA～25mA, and speed of welding is 8mm/s～12mm/s.
4. a kind of titanium alloy according to claim 1 and tin bronze electron beam welding method is characterized in that, titanium alloy mother metal and tin bronze alloys mother metal all are that thickness is the sheet material of 3.0mm～5.0mm,
In step 4, electronic beam current is 30mA～50mA, and speed of welding is 5mm/s～8mm/s;
In step 5, with the focal position of electron beam to tin bronze alloys side shifting 0.6～1.0mm; Electronic beam current is 25mA～45mA during welding, and speed of welding is 5mm/s～8mm/s.
5. a kind of titanium alloy according to claim 1 and tin bronze electron beam welding method is characterized in that, the welding track of the welding second time described in the step 5 and the welding track in the step 4 parallel.
6. titanium alloy and tin bronze electron beam welding method; Said welding method is after the interface that adopts existing electro-beam welding method to two kinds of mother metals welds completion; Adopt electro-beam welding method being partial to tin bronze alloys mother metal one side, carrying out the welding second time again with welding seam distance 0.2mm to 1.0mm place; The mother metal of said welding is titanium alloy mother metal and tin bronze alloys mother metal; Wherein the composition of titanium alloy mother metal is Al:6.2% (weight), V:3.5% (weight), impurity≤0.2% (weight), and surplus is Ti; The composition of tin bronze alloys mother metal is that Sn:9.0% (weight), surplus are Cu,
It is characterized in that described titanium alloy mother metal and tin bronze alloys mother metal all are that wall thickness is the tubing of 1.5mm～5.0mm, the weld seam of welding is annular butt weld, and described welding process is:
Step 1, two tubing to be welded are carried out preliminary treatment;
The relative position of step 2, two tubing of adjustment make misalignment between the interface of said two tubing less than 0.2mm, and the slit between the said interface is less than 0.1mm; Use said two tubing of clamps then, make said two tubing can not produce relative motion;
Step 3, two tubing that will fix are put into vacuum chamber and are begun to vacuumize, and the vacuum that makes this vacuum chamber is 5 * 10
-2Pa to 5 * 10
-4Between the Pa;
Step 4, the set positions of the focusing of electron beam welding is welded at the place, slit of the interface of two tubing; Operating distance is 150mm during welding; Accelerating potential is 55kV, and focus current is 2590mA, and electronic beam current is 15mA～50mA; Speed of welding is 5mm/s～12mm/s, and the welding stroke is 450 degree;
Step 5, with the focal position of electron beam to tin bronze alloys tubing side shifting 0.2～1.0mm; Carry out the welding second time in this position, operating distance is 150mm during welding, and accelerating potential is 55kV; Focus current is 2590mA; Electronic beam current is 12mA～45mA, and speed of welding is 5mm/s～12mm/s, and the welding stroke is 450 degree;
Step 6, vacuum chamber cooling, cooling 8min to 12min goes vacuum, and welding is accomplished.
7. a kind of titanium alloy according to claim 6 and tin bronze electron beam welding method is characterized in that, described titanium alloy mother metal and tin bronze alloys mother metal all are that wall thickness is the tubing of 1.5mm～3.0mm, in welding process:
In step 4, electronic beam current is 15mA～30mA, and speed of welding is 8mm/s～12mm/s;
In step 5, with the focal position of electron beam to tin bronze alloys pipe fitting side shifting 0.2～0.6mm; Electronic beam current is 12mA～25mA during welding, and speed of welding is 8mm/s～12mm/s.
8. a kind of titanium alloy according to claim 6 and tin bronze electron beam welding method is characterized in that, described titanium alloy mother metal and tin bronze alloys mother metal all are the thick tubing of 3.0mm～5.0mm that is, in welding process:
In step 4, electronic beam current is 30mA～50mA, and speed of welding is 5mm/s～8mm/s;
In step 5, with the focal position of electron beam to tin bronze alloys side shifting 0.6～1.0mm; Electronic beam current during welding is 25mA～45mA, and speed of welding is 5mm/s～8mm/s.
9. a kind of titanium alloy according to claim 6 and tin bronze electron beam welding method is characterized in that, the fixed form that the mode of the usefulness clamps described in the step 2 adopts two ends evenly to load realizes.
10. a kind of titanium alloy according to claim 6 and tin bronze electron beam welding method is characterized in that, the welding track of the welding second time described in the step 5 and the welding track in the step 4 parallel.
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| CN103008869B (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2015-06-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electron beam pressurizing connection method for aluminum alloy and particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material |
| CN106346126B (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2019-01-18 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of titanium alloy and red copper dissimilar metal electro-beam welding method |
| CN107414279B (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2019-07-09 | 南昌航空大学 | A kind of connection method for slab TiNi alloy and titanium alloy dissimilar materials |
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| SU729013A1 (en) * | 1977-08-29 | 1980-04-25 | Ленинградский Ордена Ленина Политехнический Институт Им. М.И.Калинина | Method of electron-beam welding |
| JP2007313551A (en) * | 2006-05-29 | 2007-12-06 | Toho Titanium Co Ltd | Method for welding clad vessel and method for producing sponge titanium using the vessel |
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