CN101906338A - Environmental-friendly emulsion fuel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Environmental-friendly emulsion fuel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an environmental-friendly emulsion fuel which comprises the following raw materials by mass percent: 69-94% of diesel oil, 0.5-5% of emulsifying agents, 5-24% of biological oil and 0-10% of accessory ingredients. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the environmental-friendly emulsion fuel, which comprises the steps of: adding the emulsifying agents to the diesel oil at a room temperature; stirring for more than 3 minutes in a condition of 5,000-8,000 revolutions per minute; adding the biological oil; and continuously stirring for more than 3 minutes in a condition of 10,000-12,000 revolutions per minute to obtain the environmental-friendly emulsion fuel. The environmental-friendly emulsion fuel has the advantages of high stability, good performance and simple preparation method, has similar performance parameters to the diesel oil, can be used as a substitute of the traditional diesel oil, and can reduce environmental pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the derived energy chemical field, refer more particularly to a kind of environmental-friendly emulsion fuel and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Whole world petroleum resources are day by day exhausted, and energy dilemma is more and more serious, and the burning of fossil oil has also caused very serious environmental pollution.
Biomass energy not only can realize CO as a kind of renewable energy source of cleaning
2Zero release, and be unique renewable energy source that can obtain liquid fuel, more and more people's favor worldwide obtained.Through high-pressure liquefaction and two kinds of methods of thermo-cracking all can be the thick material bio oil of similar oil with Wood Adhesives from Biomass.It is to be raw material with agricultural timber such as timber, stalks that biomass through pyrolysis prepares bio oil, a kind of replacement liquid fluid fuel that obtains under the pyrolysis technology condition of middle temperature, rapid heating, anoxic, rapid condensation: bio oil.The bio oil that biomass through pyrolysis obtains is that a kind of outward appearance is brownish black, opaque thickness, the mixture of flowability and irritating smell is arranged, its polarity is big, moisture content is high, oxygen level is high, viscosity is big, calorific value is low, the pH value is low simultaneously, can not be directly used on the existing diesel engine, need mix in the diesel oil in certain proportion and use.
The bio oil of biomass through pyrolysis preparation is because polarity is big, caused not miscible with diesel oil, therefore needs make biomass through pyrolysis bio oil and diesel oil form the homogeneous system with certain stability by adding certain emulsifying agent.Emulsification to bio oil at present also mainly rests on experimental stage, the major obstacle that emulsion process exists is that the addition of bio oil under the certain condition of emulsifying agent is too low, and the addition that adopts the interpolation emulsion adjuvant to increase bio oil is a kind of very promising method.And most test employing is through handling except that the bio oil of delignification or the part in the bio oil, but these treating processess all can increase the cost of emulsion process to a great extent, so will adopt the bio oil crude oil of total composition to carry out emulsification.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides that a kind of cost is low, combustion heat value is high, the few emulsion fuel of environmental pollution during burning.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned environmental-friendly emulsion fuel, and this method is simple to operate, production cost is low.
A kind of environmental-friendly emulsion fuel, the mass percent of its raw material consists of:
Diesel oil 69-94%
Emulsifying agent 0.5-5%
Bio oil 5-25%
All the other are auxiliary agent.
Described diesel oil can be selected from common commercially available prod, for example 0# diesel oil.
Biomass-makings such as described bio oil general using forestry waste, agricultural wastes, herbaceous biomass and waterplant are obtained.Selected biomass are after preprocessor such as super-dry, fragmentation and screening, choose the material of particle diameter at 0.4mm-0.6mm, in the biomass fluid bed fast pyrolysis liquefaction test system of band spray condensation, carry out thermo-cracking, this experimental system mainly comprises: feeding system, pyrolysis reactor, coke separation system, condenser system and Controlling System, cracking temperature is 400 ℃-600 ℃, and the liquid that condensation obtains is bio oil.Described forestry waste, agricultural wastes, herbaceous biomass or waterplant can be selected common pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, rosewood, rice husk, rice bar or marine alga etc. for use, the moiety of gained bio oil mainly contains alcohols, aldehydes, ketone, acids, phenols, carbohydrate, also comprises other compositions such as a spot of furans, ester and hydro carbons in addition.The biomass through pyrolysis bio oil is because polarity is big, caused not miscible with diesel oil, therefore needs make biomass thermal cracking oil and diesel oil form the homogeneous system with certain stability by adding certain emulsifying agent.By the emulsification of bio oil/diesel oil, can effectively reduce the acidity and the viscosity of bio oil, improve calorific value, can under the situation of diesel engine not being carried out bigger change, carry out trouble-free burning.Emulsifying agent commonly used is made up of class of department (SPAN) series of surfactants, tween (TWEEN) series of surfactants, and its mass percent consists of:
Surfactant A 55-85%
Surfactant B 15-45%;
Surfactant A is one or more in class of department (SPAN) series of surfactants, class of department (SPAN) series of surfactants is meant sorbitan fatty acid ester class tensio-active agent, preferred surfactants A is one or more in sorbitol anhydride mono-laurate (SPAN 20), sorbitol anhydride monopalmitate (SPAN40), (SPAN60), sorbitan mono-oleic acid ester (SPAN80) the sorbitol anhydride trioleate (SPAN85), and all can be selected from the commercially available prod;
Surfactant B is one or more in tween (TWEEN) series of surfactants, tween (TWEEN) series of surfactants is meant polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester tensio-active agent, preferred surfactants B is one or more in Tween-20 (TWEEN20), polyoxyethylene sorbitol acid anhydride monopalmitate (TWEEN40), polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (TWEEN60) and the polyoxyethylene list oleic acid sorbitan ester (TWEEN80), can select the commercially available prod equally.
In order further to improve the stability of emulsion fuel, can in emulsion fuel, add auxiliary agent, auxiliary agent can be selected alcohol or inorganic salt for use, wherein, in the emulsion fuel total mass, the adding mass percent of auxiliary agent is 0～10%, further preferred, in the emulsion fuel total mass, the adding mass percent of alcohol is 1-5%, and the adding mass percent of inorganic salt is respectively 0.1-3%; Wherein, alcohol is selected from one or more in methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, butanols, amylalcohol, hexanol, enanthol and the octanol; Inorganic salt are selected from one or both among NaCl and the KCl.
Above-mentioned emulsion fuel can be selected the preparation of following method for use, comprising: under the room temperature, emulsifying agent joined in the diesel oil stir, and then add bio oil, stirring to obtain emulsion fuel; Further preferred preparation condition is: emulsifying agent is added in the diesel oil, stir more than 3 minutes under 5000-8000 rev/min of following condition, add bio oil then and continue to stir more than 3 minutes under 10000-12000 rev/min of condition, promptly get described emulsion fuel.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
(1) prepared environmental-friendly emulsion fuel is the system of stable uniform, the acidity and the viscosity of bio oil have been effectively reduced, improved calorific value, can carry out trouble-free burning under the situation of diesel engine not being carried out bigger change, be a kind of effective means that realizes the biomass thermal cracking oil large-scale application in a short time;
(2) utilize environmental-friendly emulsion fuel of the present invention can slow down spending rate, reduce pollution simultaneously environment to fossil oil;
(3) biomass such as agricultural timber obtain bio oil through thermo-cracking, the emulsion fuel that thermal cracking oil and diesel emulsion obtain on calorific value near diesel oil, every indexs such as viscosity, flash-point, condensation point, cold filter clogging temperature and S content reach the solar oil technological standard and detect (GB252-2000) standard, have possessed alternative diesel oil and have entered business-like great potential.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The pinus sylvestris var. mongolica material is after preprocessor such as super-dry, fragmentation and screening, choose the material of particle diameter at 0.4mm-0.6mm, in the biomass fluid bed fast pyrolysis liquefaction test system of band spray condensation, carry out thermo-cracking, cracking temperature is 400 ℃-600 ℃, and the liquid that condensation obtains is camphor tree thermo-cracking pine bio oil.With span80 and tween80 according to the mixed of mass percent 65% and 35% and carry out mechanical stirring and prepare emulsifying agent.Selecting above-mentioned pinus sylvestris var. mongolica thermo-cracking bio oil for use is raw material, according to the ratio preparation emulsion fuel of emulsifying agent 3g, 0# diesel oil 90g and bio oil 7g.Concrete steps are: successively add the emulsifying agent of 0# diesel oil and above-mentioned preparation in the agitator, stirred 5 minutes down at 5000 rev/mins, add pinus sylvestris var. mongolica thermo-cracking bio oil then, continue down to stir 5 minutes at 12000 rev/mins, promptly get stable emulsion fuel, the physico-chemical property of emulsion fuel sees Table 1.
Embodiment 2
With the rosewood is raw material, produces rosewood thermo-cracking bio oil according to embodiment 1 identical method.With span60 and tween60 according to the mixed of mass percent 71% and 29% and carry out mechanical stirring and prepare emulsifying agent.Selecting above-mentioned rosewood thermo-cracking bio oil for use is raw material, according to the ratio preparation emulsion fuel of emulsifying agent 5g, 0# diesel oil 78g and bio oil 17g.Concrete steps are: successively add the emulsifying agent of 0# diesel oil and above-mentioned preparation in the agitator, stirred 10 minutes down at 5000 rev/mins, add rosewood thermo-cracking bio oil and 1.5g propyl carbinol then, continue down to stir 10 minutes at 10000 rev/mins, promptly get stable emulsion fuel, physico-chemical property sees Table 1.
Embodiment 3
With the rosewood is raw material, produces rosewood thermo-cracking bio oil according to embodiment 1 identical method.With span60 and tween60 according to the mixed of mass percent 71% and 29% and carry out mechanical stirring and prepare emulsifying agent.Selecting above-mentioned rosewood thermo-cracking bio oil for use is raw material, according to the ratio preparation emulsion fuel of emulsifying agent 3g, 0# diesel oil 92g and bio oil 5g.Concrete steps are: successively add the emulsifying agent of 0# diesel oil and above-mentioned preparation in the agitator, stirred 10 minutes down at 5000 rev/mins, add rosewood thermo-cracking bio oil and 1.5g propyl carbinol then, continue down to stir 10 minutes at 10000 rev/mins, promptly get stable emulsion fuel, gained rosewood thermo-cracking biological oil emulsifying fuel look little is red, transparent limpid, and steady time was above 15 days.
Embodiment 4
With the rosewood is raw material, produces rosewood thermo-cracking bio oil according to embodiment 1 identical method.With span60 and tween60 according to the mixed of mass percent 71% and 29% and carry out mechanical stirring and prepare emulsifying agent.Selecting above-mentioned rosewood thermo-cracking bio oil for use is raw material, according to the ratio preparation emulsion fuel of emulsifying agent 3g, 0# diesel oil 92g and bio oil 5g.Concrete steps are: successively add the emulsifying agent of 0# diesel oil and above-mentioned preparation in the agitator, stirred 30 minutes down at 5000 rev/mins, add rosewood thermo-cracking bio oil and 1.5g propyl carbinol then, continue down to stir 10 minutes at 10000 rev/mins, promptly get stable emulsion fuel, gained rosewood thermo-cracking biological oil emulsifying fuel look little is red, transparent limpid, and steady time was above 17 days.
Embodiment 5
With the rice husk is raw material, produces rice husk thermo-cracking bio oil according to embodiment 1 identical method.With span85 and tween80 according to the mixed of mass percent 45% and 55% and carry out mechanical stirring and prepare emulsifying agent.Selecting above-mentioned rice husk thermo-cracking bio oil for use is raw material, according to the ratio preparation emulsion fuel of emulsifying agent 1g, 0# diesel oil 44g and bio oil 5g.Concrete steps are: successively add the emulsifying agent of 0# diesel oil and above-mentioned preparation in the agitator, stirred 3 minutes down at 8000 rev/mins, add rosewood thermo-cracking bio oil then, continue to stir 3 minutes down at 12000 rev/mins, promptly get stable emulsion fuel, physico-chemical property sees Table 1.Emulsion fuel leaves standstill after 7 days and still keeps stable homogeneous.
Embodiment 6
Prepare emulsion fuel according to embodiment 5 identical methods, wherein, rotating speed is that 8000 rev/mins and rotating speed are that churning time under 12000 rev/mins was respectively 2 hours, and other conditions are with embodiment 5, and gained rice husk biological oil emulsifying fuel leaves standstill after 10 days and still keeps stable homogeneous.
Embodiment 7
With the rice bar is raw material, produces rice bar thermo-cracking bio oil according to embodiment 1 identical method.With span80 and tween80 according to the mixed of mass percent 65% and 35% and carry out mechanical stirring and prepare emulsifying agent.Selecting above-mentioned rice bar thermo-cracking bio oil for use is raw material, according to the ratio preparation emulsion fuel of emulsifying agent 50g, 0# diesel oil 690g and bio oil 230g.Concrete steps are: successively add the emulsifying agent of 0# diesel oil and above-mentioned preparation in the agitator, stirred 8 minutes down at 7000 rev/mins, add rice bar thermo-cracking bio oil and 20g propyl carbinol and 10g sodium-chlor then, continue down to stir 8 minutes at 12000 rev/mins, promptly get stable oil in water emulsion, physico-chemical property sees Table 1.The biological oil emulsifying fuel look that the rice straw thermo-cracking makes is little red, transparent limpid, and steady time was above 16 days.
Embodiment 8
With the marine alga is raw material, produces marine alga thermo-cracking bio oil according to the embodiment 1 identical method for preparing bio oil.With span85 and tween20 according to the mixed of mass percent 60% and 40% and carry out mechanical stirring and prepare emulsifying agent.Selecting above-mentioned marine alga thermo-cracking bio oil for use is raw material, ratio preparation emulsion fuel concrete steps according to emulsifying agent 3g, 0# diesel oil 87g and bio oil 5g are: successively add the emulsifying agent of 0# diesel oil and above-mentioned preparation in the agitator, stirred 5 minutes down at 5000 rev/mins, add marine alga thermo-cracking bio oil and 4g octanol and 1g sodium-chlor then, continue down to stir 5 minutes at 12000 rev/mins, promptly get stable oil in water emulsion, physico-chemical property sees Table 1.The biological oil emulsifying fuel that the marine alga thermo-cracking makes is the turbid liquid of milk yellow, and opaque, and steady time was above 5 days.
The physical properties of table 1 different sorts biomass through pyrolysis bio oil emulsion
Wherein, the measurement temperature of density is 20 ℃; The measurement temperature of kinematic viscosity is 40 ℃; Flash-point is to utilize the close flash point determinator to measure, and HHV is the Sweet natural gas high heating value, and LHV is the Sweet natural gas low heat value.
By embodiment 1～8 as can be known, the emulsion fuel stability of the present invention's preparation is high, near diesel oil, every indexs such as viscosity, flash-point, condensation point, cold filter clogging temperature and S content reach the solar oil technological standard and detect (GB252-2000) standard, have possessed the great potential of alternative diesel oil on the calorific value.
Claims (9)
1. environmental-friendly emulsion fuel, its raw materials quality per-cent consists of:
Diesel oil 69-94%
Emulsifying agent 0.5-5%
Bio oil 5-25%
Auxiliary agent 0～10%.
2. environmental-friendly emulsion fuel as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the raw materials quality per-cent of described emulsifying agent consists of:
Surfactant A 55-85%
Surfactant B 15-45%
Described surfactant A is one or more in sorbitol anhydride mono-laurate, sorbitol anhydride monopalmitate,, sorbitan mono-oleic acid ester and the sorbitol anhydride trioleate;
Described surfactant B is one or more in Tween-20, polyoxyethylene sorbitol acid anhydride monopalmitate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate and the polyoxyethylene list oleic acid sorbitan ester.
3. environmental-friendly emulsion fuel as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described bio oil is a bio oil of utilizing forestry waste, agricultural wastes, herbaceous biomass or waterplant to obtain through thermo-cracking, and cracking temperature is 400 ℃-600 ℃.
4. environmental-friendly emulsion fuel as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described auxiliary agent is alcohol or inorganic salt.
5. environmental-friendly emulsion fuel as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, described alcohol is 1-5% in the add-on of the total mass of emulsion fuel.
6. environmental-friendly emulsion fuel as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described alcohol is one or more in methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, butanols, amylalcohol, hexanol, enanthol and the octanol.
7. environmental-friendly emulsion fuel as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, described inorganic salt are 0.1-3% in the add-on of the total mass of emulsion fuel.
8. environmental-friendly emulsion fuel as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described inorganic salt are one or both among NaCl and the KCl.
9. as the preparation method of the described environmental-friendly emulsion fuel of the arbitrary claim of claim 1～8, comprise: under the room temperature, emulsifying agent is added in the diesel oil, under 5000-8000 rev/min of following condition, stir more than 3 minutes, add bio oil then, under 10000-12000 rev/min of condition, continue stirring and prepare environmental-friendly emulsion fuel more than 3 minutes.
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| CN103571569A (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2014-02-12 | 虎尾科技大学 | Biomass lubricating oil prepared by taking straw waste material as raw material |
| CN103602354A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-02-26 | 南宁明航节能科技有限公司 | Novel diesel oil additive |
| CN103642548A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-03-19 | 济南开发区星火科学技术研究院 | Micro-emulsified diesel oil |
| CN104232191A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2014-12-24 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for producing bio-oil/diesel oil emulsification fuel by using crofton weed |
| CN104560237A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-04-29 | 山西华顿实业有限公司 | Gasoline-saving additive |
| CN105132043A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-12-09 | 广西南宁高斯特科贸有限公司 | Bio-fuel oil and preparation method thereof |
| CN105176601A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-12-23 | 上海婉静纺织科技有限公司 | High-calorific value environmental-friendly biodiesel, and preparation method thereof |
| CN107353949A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2017-11-17 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | A kind of compound method of bio oil/diesel emulsion liquid |
| CN107674718A (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2018-02-09 | 湖南大学 | Reversed micelle microemulsion and preparation method thereof, reversed micelle biology oil Microemulsions For Use and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109576044B (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2022-02-01 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Furfural extract oil emulsion composition, furfural extract oil emulsion product, and preparation method and application of furfural extract oil emulsion product |
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| CN103571569B (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2015-07-22 | 虎尾科技大学 | Biomass lubricating oil prepared by taking straw waste material as raw material |
| CN103571569A (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2014-02-12 | 虎尾科技大学 | Biomass lubricating oil prepared by taking straw waste material as raw material |
| CN103602354A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-02-26 | 南宁明航节能科技有限公司 | Novel diesel oil additive |
| CN103642548A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-03-19 | 济南开发区星火科学技术研究院 | Micro-emulsified diesel oil |
| CN103642548B (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2015-11-18 | 济南开发区星火科学技术研究院 | A kind of micro emulsion diesel fuel |
| CN104232191A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2014-12-24 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for producing bio-oil/diesel oil emulsification fuel by using crofton weed |
| CN104232191B (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2016-06-08 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of method utilizing Hemp Eupatorium production bio oil/Diesel Oil Emulsified Fuel |
| CN104560237A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-04-29 | 山西华顿实业有限公司 | Gasoline-saving additive |
| CN105176601A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-12-23 | 上海婉静纺织科技有限公司 | High-calorific value environmental-friendly biodiesel, and preparation method thereof |
| CN105176601B (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2018-01-05 | 上海婉静纺织科技有限公司 | High heating value environment-protective biodiesel and preparation method thereof |
| CN105132043A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-12-09 | 广西南宁高斯特科贸有限公司 | Bio-fuel oil and preparation method thereof |
| CN107674718A (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2018-02-09 | 湖南大学 | Reversed micelle microemulsion and preparation method thereof, reversed micelle biology oil Microemulsions For Use and preparation method thereof |
| CN107353949A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2017-11-17 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | A kind of compound method of bio oil/diesel emulsion liquid |
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