CN101894053B - Nonvolatile memory system - Google Patents
Nonvolatile memory system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101894053B CN101894053B CN2010102207732A CN201010220773A CN101894053B CN 101894053 B CN101894053 B CN 101894053B CN 2010102207732 A CN2010102207732 A CN 2010102207732A CN 201010220773 A CN201010220773 A CN 201010220773A CN 101894053 B CN101894053 B CN 101894053B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
- G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
- G06F13/382—Information transfer, e.g. on bus using universal interface adapter
- G06F13/385—Information transfer, e.g. on bus using universal interface adapter for adaptation of a particular data processing system to different peripheral devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D1/00—Hand hammers; Hammer heads of special shape or materials
- B25D1/12—Hand hammers; Hammer heads of special shape or materials having shock-absorbing means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C7/00—Arrangements for writing information into, or reading information out from, a digital store
- G11C7/24—Memory cell safety or protection circuits, e.g. arrangements for preventing inadvertent reading or writing; Status cells; Test cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C5/00—Details of stores covered by group G11C11/00
- G11C5/14—Power supply arrangements, e.g. power down, chip selection or deselection, layout of wirings or power grids, or multiple supply levels
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Abstract
The invention relates to a nonvolatile memory system, which comprises one or more nonvolatile semiconductor memories and an information processor which reads data stored in the nonvolatile semiconductor memories and writes the data into one or more nonvolatile semiconductor memories. Each nonvolatile semiconductor memory comprises a data storage area and a transfer mark area. The transfer mark area is used for storing a transfer mark. The transfer mark is provided for determining whether data even including error data and stored in the data storage area are valid to be transferred or not. When the data are valid to be transferred, the information processor transfers the data stored in the data storage area to the outside even under the condition that the data stored in the data storage area include error data.
Description
The application be that February 6, application number in 2004 are 200410003831.0 the applying date, denomination of invention divides an application for the application of " Nonvolatile memory system ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technology of dependability that is used to improve Nonvolatile memory system, relate in particular to a kind of technology that applies to effectively through the data protection in the accumulator system that adopts the nonvolatile semiconductor memory structure.
Background technology
As the exterior storage medium of personal computer, known have a multifunction peripheral etc., for example, and such as accumulator systems such as CF (compact flash) card, intelligent medium, memory stick and multimedia cards.
In process, when depositing data in storage card,, do not rewrite voice data and video data even occurring under the situation of write error to the read/write data of such accumulator system yet.Through sequentially writing the data of continuous reception, prevented overflowing of data.For data such as the FAT data, occurring under the situation of write error, retrieve a spare area and overwriting data (for example, with reference to Japanese patent application No.2001-334243).
Making request at main frame reads from accumulator system/transmits under the situation of misdata; If it is correctable that accumulator system has such as the calibration function of ECC (error correcting code) and misdata; Then accumulator system is proofreaied and correct these data; In accumulator system, and data are sent data rewrite to main frame.
In data is uncorrectable or accumulator system has under the situation such as the error detection function of parity checking, and error notification is given main frame and accomplished this process.
Summary of the invention
Yet the inventor here finds, the technology of accumulator system read/write data is had following problem.
For example, when an outer power voltage becomes instability for some reason, exist the wrong possibility that reads or writes to occur during such as the data read/write process of the main frame of personal computer.
In this case, the data read/write process can be interrupted from the reseting procedure of main frame to the data transfer procedure of accumulator system through an interruption.Yet after reseting procedure was accomplished, even when supply voltage is unstable, main frame was also accepted read/write processes once more.This causes a problem, makes wrong read/write to occur.
In main frame, occur under the situation of abnormal operation, the ERST of main frame can not be given accumulator system by notice.This causes a problem, makes misdata be stored in the accumulator system through the process of overwriting error data.
Adopt in accumulator system under the situation of correction datas such as ECC, the process time that is used for the adjustment of data is longer, and the stand-by period of main frame is elongated, makes real-time performance to degenerate.
When transmitting voice data or pictorial data, need to transmit lot of data.Therefore, even when data comprise few errors data (for example, the interruption of sound and the noise in the image), also may require to transmit data incessantly continuously, rather than notify a mistake.
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of accumulator system, wherein, even on also can basis during the data transfer procedure in emergency stop request protected data reliably, and, realized the very big raising of reliability.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of accumulator system, can determine whether the execution error correction and transmit data effectively according to data.
From the description of instructions and accompanying drawing, above-mentioned and other purposes of the present invention and novel feature will become obvious.
The general introduction of the representative example of invention disclosed will briefly be described below in instructions.
(1) comprises one or the Nonvolatile memory system of multiple semiconductor storer and a message handler more; Wherein, When receiving a washout from the outside; The operation that message handler stops to carry out, and get into one for the non-responsive state that does not provide response from the process external request.
The general introduction of another invention in the instructions will be by concise and to the point description.
(2) comprise one or the Nonvolatile memory system of multiple semiconductor storer and a message handler more; Wherein, Message handler has a transfer mode storage unit; The transmitting function that is used to store the transfer mode that is used to be provided with misdata is provided with data; Message handler is provided with data with reference to the transmitting function in (refer to) transfer mode storage unit in a data transfer procedure when read/write operation, and the misdata transmitting function that data is set when transmitting function is set to also carry out a transport process even transfer data packets is drawn together misdata when effective.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the block scheme according to the data storage system of the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of the emergency stop request process carried out during the transmission of the read data in the data storage system of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of the process when sending washout, carried out during the transmission of the write data in the data storage system of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram of the process when sending washout, carried out during the transmission of the write data in the data storage system of Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 provides the sequence chart to the supply voltage of the data storage system of Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is the block scheme of demonstration according to an example of the connection of the reset signal in the data storage system of the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is reset signal and the sequence chart of washout in the data storage system of Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is the block scheme of demonstration according to another example of the connection of the reset signal in the data storage system of the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the synoptic diagram that shows the signal process of the data storage system that adopts Fig. 8.
Figure 10 is the block scheme of demonstration according to an example of the data storage system of an alternative embodiment of the invention.
Figure 11 is the sequence chart of the supply voltage that provides of the data storage system by Figure 10.
Figure 12 is the block scheme of demonstration according to another example of the data storage system of an alternative embodiment of the invention.
Figure 13 is the sequence chart of an example of operation that shows the data storage system of Figure 12.
Figure 14 is the block scheme of demonstration according to an example of the data storage system of an alternative embodiment of the invention.
Figure 15 is the sequence chart of an example of operation that shows the data storage system of Figure 14.
Figure 16 is the block scheme of demonstration according to another example of the data storage system of an alternative embodiment of the invention.
Figure 17 is the sequence chart of an example of operation that shows the data storage system of Figure 16.
Figure 18 is the block scheme of demonstration according to an example of the data storage system of an alternative embodiment of the invention.
Figure 19 is the synoptic diagram of demonstration by an example of the register of the message handler access that provides for the data storage system of Figure 18.
Figure 20 is the block scheme of demonstration according to another example of the data storage system of an alternative embodiment of the invention.
Figure 21 is the synoptic diagram of demonstration by an example of the register of the message handler access that provides for the data storage system of Figure 20.
Figure 22 is the block scheme according to the data storage system of the second embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 23 is the process flow diagram that in the data storage system of Figure 22, is set to the transmission of read data when effective when the misdata transmitting function.
Figure 24 is the process flow diagram that in the data storage system of Figure 22, is set to the transmission of read data when invalid when the misdata transmitting function.
Figure 25 proofreaies and correct and transmitting function is set to the process flow diagram of the transmission of read data when effective when the misdata that transmits correction data in the data storage system of Figure 22.
Figure 26 is when the process flow diagram of making an operation of carrying out when reading and transmitting request from the controller that provides for the data storage system of Figure 22.
Figure 27 is the process flow diagram that shows when another example of making an operation of carrying out when reading and transmitting request from the controller of Figure 22.
Figure 28 shows by the data storage system according to the second embodiment of the present invention to change the process flow diagram that transmitting function is provided with an example of data.
Figure 29 shows by the data storage system according to the second embodiment of the present invention to change the process flow diagram that transmitting function is provided with another example of data.
Figure 30 is the synoptic diagram that shows when being an example of the data structure when in the semiconductor memory that provides of the data storage system according to the second embodiment of the present invention transmitting function being set data being set.
Figure 31 is the synoptic diagram that shows when being another example of the data structure when in the semiconductor memory that provides of the data storage system according to the second embodiment of the present invention transmitting function being set data being set.
Figure 32 is the process flow diagram that shows by switch an example of setting and transmitting function according to the data storage system of the second embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 33 is provided with the block scheme that transmitting function is provided with the data storage system of data according to the second embodiment of the present invention in semiconductor memory.
Figure 34 is provided with a process flow diagram that transmits the process of sign when the transmission of write data by the data storage system of Figure 33.
Figure 35 is presented at the process flow diagram that is provided with reading after the transfer mode/transport process among Figure 34.
Figure 36 is the block scheme according to the data storage system of an alternative embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Describe embodiments of the invention in detail below with reference to accompanying drawing.
First embodiment
Fig. 1 is the block scheme according to the data-storage system of the first embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of the emergency stop request process carried out during the transmission of the read data in the data storage system of Fig. 1.Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of the process when sending washout, carried out during the transmission of the write data in the data storage system of Fig. 1.Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram of the process when sending washout, carried out during the transmission of the write data in the data storage system of Fig. 1.Fig. 5 provides the sequence chart to the supply voltage of the data storage system of Fig. 1.Fig. 6 is the block scheme of demonstration according to an example of the connection of the reset signal in the data storage system of the first embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 7 is reset signal and the sequence chart of washout in the data storage system of Fig. 6.Fig. 8 is the block scheme of demonstration according to another example of the connection of the reset signal in the data storage system of the first embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 9 is the synoptic diagram that shows the signal process of the data storage system that adopts Fig. 8.
In first embodiment, data storage system 1 for example is one and adopts the isostructure storage card of flash memory, is used as the exterior storage medium as the message handler PC of main frame.Message handler PC is personal computer, multifunction peripheral etc.
As shown in Figure 1, data storage system (accumulator system) 1 is made up of a controller (message handler) 2 and M bar semiconductor memory 3.Though adopted the structure that M bar semiconductor memory 3 is provided, a semiconductor memory is just enough.
In an embodiment of the present invention, controller and storer are separated from one another.Perhaps, can use through controller, storer and peripheral hardware are partly formed the embedded semiconductor that parts obtain.
Further, message handler PC and controller 2 are connected with each other through message handler Bus PC B.Message handler Bus PC B has a mechanical coupler, can be the contact types that is electrically connected, or sends the non-contact types of information through information transmitting medium, for example electric wave.
One signal line S links to each other with the control circuit 4 of controller 2.Signal wire S also has a mechanical coupler, can be the contact types that is electrically connected, or sends the non-contact types of information through information transmitting medium, for example electric wave.
Through signal wire S, a washout offers control circuit 4 from the outside.When receiving washout, controller 2 stops the data transfer procedure in the read/write operation.
The operation of the data storage system 1 among the embodiment will be described below.
At first, the process that request during the transmission of the read data of the flow chart description of utilizing Fig. 2 in data storage system 1 is promptly stopped.
When message handler PC when controller 2 sends a request of reading and transmitting data 0 to N (step S101); Controller 2 sends the request (step S102) of reading and transmitting data 0 to N (Fig. 1) to semiconductor memory 3, and notifies the transmission (step S103) of read data to message handler PC.
Through the transmission of notice read data, the data in the semiconductor memory 3 are sequentially read and are sent to message handler PC (step S104) from data 0 beginning through controller 2.
For example; During the process of step S104 when having accomplished (step S105) when receiving the washout that is used to ask promptly to stop through signal wire S after will being sent to message handler PC until the data of data K; Control circuit 4 receives washout; Stop transport process immediately, and notify the end (step S106) of read data transmission to message handler PC.No matter transmit is normally or abnormal ending, the end of all notifying read data to transmit.
Even after the end of having notified read data to transmit to message handler PC, send a request (step S107) that is used to transmit read data from message handler PC once more; Controller 2 does not transmit data yet, but to message handler PC notice read data can not delivery status (step S108).
Then, utilize the process of when sending washout, carrying out during the transmission of the write data of flow chart description in data storage system 1 of Fig. 3 below.
When message handler PC when controller 2 sends a request that is used to transmit write data 0 to N (step S201); Controller 2 sends the request (step S202) that is used to transmit write data 0 to N to semiconductor memory 3, and notifies the transmission (step S203) of write data to message handler PC.
Transmission through the notice write data sequentially is sent to semiconductor memory 3 (step S204) with data from message handler PC.
For example; During the process of step S204 when having accomplished after the write data of data K transmits (step S205) when receiving the washout that is used to ask promptly to stop through signal wire S; Control circuit 4 receives washout; Stop transport process immediately, and notify the end (step S206) of write data transmission to message handler PC.No matter transmit is normally or abnormal ending, all notifies the end of write data.
Even after the end of having notified write data to transmit to message handler PC, send a request (step S207) that is used to transmit write data 0 to N from message handler PC once more; Controller 2 does not transmit data yet, but to message handler PC notice write data can not delivery status (step S208).
Then, utilize another example of the process of when sending washout, carrying out during the transmission of the write data of flow chart description in data storage system 1 of Fig. 4 below.
When message handler PC when controller 2 sends a request that is used to transmit write data 0 to N (step S301); Controller 2 sends the request (step S302) that is used to transmit write data 0 to N to semiconductor memory 3, and notifies the transmission (step S303) of write data to message handler PC.
Transmission through the notice write data sequentially is sent to semiconductor memory 3 (step S304) with write data from message handler PC.
For example; During the process of step S304 when being used for having accomplished the washout of after the write data of data K transmits, asking promptly to stop through signal wire S input (step S305); Control circuit 4 stops transport process immediately after receiving washout; And notify an engaged condition (step S306) to message handler PC, so that can not send Next Command from message handler PC.
Fig. 4 has shown the process of when write data transmits, carrying out.When read data transmits, carry out similar process.
Fig. 5 is presented at the synoptic diagram of an example of being made the sequence of the supply voltage that offers data storage system 1 after the emergency stop request by washout.
Fig. 5 has shown washout, outer power voltage VCC from top to bottom and has been input to each sequence of the state of a control of data storage system 1.
If when data storage system 1 is in idle condition, send a data transmission requests from message handler PC, based on this request, data storage system 1 is carried out data transfer procedure.When during data transfer procedure, importing the washout of an active state (low level), data storage system 1 is carried out an interrupt procedure, and gets into a unacceptable state of process of not accepting any process.
When the supply voltage VCC of data storage system 1 is set to low level (supply voltage VCC is set to the OFF state) and outer power voltage and is set to the ON state once more; The unacceptable state of cancellation process, thereby the process of execution reseting data accumulator system 1.
Fig. 6 is the block scheme that is presented at an example of the connection of message handler PC under the situation of data storage system 1 a transmission power-on reset (power-on-reset) signal.
In this case, the reset signal RS with message handler PC output offers data storage system 1.
Fig. 7 is the sequence chart that shows the difference between the operation of the washout in the data storage system 1 of operation and Fig. 6 of power-on reset signal.
Fig. 7 has shown washout, outer power voltage VCC from top to bottom and has been input to each sequence of the state of a control of data storage system 1.
Similar among the process of carrying out by washout and Fig. 5.Under the situation of the power-on reset signal that movable (low level) is provided from message handler PC, data storage system 1 is carried out reseting procedure, after this, gets into an idle condition, begins to accept data transfer procedure etc. once more.
That is to say that data storage system 1 gets into idle condition after reseting procedure, and the data transfer procedure of the processor P C that receives information.Yet after the urgent stopped process of being carried out by washout, data storage system 1 is not accepted data transfer procedure.
Therefore, during data transfer procedure etc. externally mains voltage level become under the unsettled situation, through carrying out urgent stopped process by washout, the data in can protected data accumulator system 1.
As shown in Figure 8, the washout that is input in the data storage system 1 can be exported from message handler PC.In this case, the washout from message handler PC output is provided for data storage system 1 through signal wire S1.
As stated, for example as shown in Figure 9 when message handler PC has a plurality of tasks (task A and B), the structure of exporting washout from message handler PC is effective.
If the necessity of the data in the protected data accumulator system 1 when task A occupies data storage system 1, occurs, task B can export washout to data storage system 1 through I/O (I/O) port that is different from message handler Bus PC B.
Figure 10 is the block scheme of another example of the 1a of display data memory system.
In this case, the structure of data storage system 1a is to obtain through power supply voltage stabilizing IC (supply voltage unit) 6 and monitoring voltage IC7 and 8 are added on the data storage system 1 among Fig. 1.
Power supply voltage stabilizing IC 6 produces an internal power source voltage VDD from the outer power voltage VCC that provides from the outside, and internal power source voltage VDD is offered each among controller 2, semiconductor memory 3 and the monitoring voltage IC (the first monitoring voltage unit) 7 through internal power cord NS.
Monitoring voltage IC 7 keeps watch on the voltage level of the internal power source voltage VDD that is produced by power supply voltage stabilizing IC 6, if an ERST, to control circuit 4 output power-on reset signal.Outer power voltage VCC is offered monitoring voltage IC (the second monitoring voltage unit) 8.Externally supply voltage VCC occurs under the situation of ERST, to control circuit 4 output washouts.
Utilize the operation among the sequence chart data of description accumulator system 1a of Figure 11 below.
Figure 11 shown outer power voltage VCC, internal power source voltage VDD from top to bottom, from the power-on reset signal of monitoring voltage IC 7 outputs, from the washout of monitoring voltage IC 8 outputs with offer the sequence of the state of a control of data storage system 1a.
In the accompanying drawings, outer power voltage VCC drops to GND (reference potential) level from normal voltage level (VCC level), and returns to the VCC level once more.
At first, during the data transfer procedure of data storage system 1a when outer power voltage VCC drops to a specific voltage level, monitoring voltage IC 8 detects the decline of outer power voltage VCC, and to control circuit 4 output washouts.
After receiving washout, data storage system 1a carries out an interrupt procedure, and gets into a unacceptable state of process of not accepting any process.
After this, when the voltage level of outer power voltage VCC descended, internal power source voltage VDD also descended.Monitoring voltage IC 7 detects voltage decline and exports power-on reset signal to control circuit 4.Then, outer power voltage VCC becomes the GND level.
When the voltage level of outer power voltage VCC improved once more, correspondingly, the voltage level of internal power source voltage VDD also improved.When internal power source voltage VDD becomes a specific voltage level or when higher, monitoring voltage IC 7 power-on reset signal (to high level) that resets is carried out the process of reseting data accumulator system 1a.
Becoming a specific voltage level or when higher, monitoring voltage IC 8 is set to inactive state (high level) with washout as outer power voltage VCC during the reseting procedure.
Because washout is left in the basket, when reseting procedure was accomplished, data storage system 1a got into an idle condition after power supply opening during reseting procedure.
Figure 12 is the block scheme of demonstration and data storage system 1a similar data accumulator system 1b, except the capacitor (power supply unit) 9 that a big electric capacity is provided comes the substitute electric power voltage stabilizing IC6 (Figure 10).
In this case, capacitor 9 be connected and internal power cord NS between.Through internal power cord NS, internal power source voltage VDD (equaling outer power voltage VCC) is offered controller 2, semiconductor memory 3 and monitoring voltage IC 7.Outer power voltage VCC is directly offered monitoring voltage IC 8, and do not adopt internal power cord NS.Instead of capacitor 9 can be connected to internal power cord NS with battery etc.
Figure 13 is the sequence chart of an example of the operation among the 1b of display data memory system.
The internal power source voltage VDD that Figure 13 shown outer power voltage VCC from top to bottom, provide through internal power cord NS, from the power-on reset signal of monitoring voltage IC 7 outputs, from the washout of monitoring voltage IC8 output with offer the sequence of the state of a control of data storage system 1b.
During the data transfer procedure of data storage system 1b when outer power voltage VCC drops to a specific voltage level, monitoring voltage IC 8 is to control circuit 4 output washouts.After receiving washout, data storage system 1b carries out an interrupt procedure, and the unacceptable state of entering process.
Because capacitor 9 is connected to internal power cord NS, the internal power source voltage VDD that provides through internal power cord NS descends slowlyer than outer power voltage VCC.
The voltage that monitoring voltage IC 7 detects among the internal power source voltage VDD descends, and to control circuit 4 output power-on reset signal.When outer power voltage VCC improves and becomes when being equal to or higher than a specific voltage level from the GND level, monitoring voltage IC 8 is set to inactive state (high level) with washout.
After this, when internal power source voltage VDD becomes a particular level or when higher, monitoring voltage IC 7 power-on reset signal (to high level) that resets is carried out the process of reseting data accumulator system 1b, and data storage system 1b gets into an idle condition.
Figure 14 is the block scheme with data storage system 1c of another structure.
The difference of data storage system 1c and data storage system 1b (Figure 12) has been newly to provide a power supply that is used to export washout to switch IC (power supply switch unit) 10 to come instead of voltage to keep watch on IC 8.
Power supply switches the voltage level that IC 10 keeps watch on outer power voltage VCC.When voltage level becomes when being equal to or less than a specific voltage level, power supply switches IC and through internal power cord NS the power supply source of internal power source voltage VDD is switched to capacitor 9, and to control circuit 4 output washouts.Equally, in this case, capacitor 9 is not limited to jumbo capacitor, but can be battery etc.
Figure 15 is the sequence chart of an example of the operation of the 1c of display data memory system.
The internal power source voltage VDD that Figure 15 shown outer power voltage VCC from top to bottom, provide through internal power cord NS, from the power-on reset signal of monitoring voltage IC 7 outputs, switch the washout of IC10 output and offer the sequence of the state of a control of data storage system 1c from power supply.
During the data transfer procedure of data storage system 1c when outer power voltage VCC descends, power supply switches IC 10 power supply source is switched to capacitor 9 from outer power voltage VCC.Therefore, data storage system 1c can reduce the influence of outer power voltage VCC.
Power supply switches IC 10 to control circuit 4 output washouts, and monitoring voltage IC 7 is to control circuit 4 output power-on reset signal.Controller 2 is carried out interrupt procedure after receiving washout, and the unacceptable state of entering process.
After this, when the voltage level of outer power voltage VCC becomes a particular level or when higher, supply voltage switches IC 10 power-on reset signal (to high level) that resets, and monitoring voltage IC 7 is set to inactive state (high level) with washout.
As stated, carry out the process of reseting data accumulator system 1a, and data storage system 1c gets into an idle condition.
Figure 16 is the block scheme as the data storage system 1d of an example of the situation of the employing signal identical with washout and external reset signal.
The structure of data storage system 1d be through add to the structure of data storage system 1 (Fig. 1) AND (with) circuit 11 obtains.
Washout is imported into an input end of AND circuit 11, and the external reset signal of exporting from message handler PC is imported into another input end.The output signal of AND circuit 11 becomes an internal reset signal, and is connected so that offer the control circuit 4 of controller 2.
Operation below with reference to the sequence chart data of description accumulator system 1d of Figure 17.
Figure 17 shown external reset signal from message handler PC output, washout from top to bottom, from the external reset signal of AND circuit 11 outputs and the sequence of state of a control.
When during the data transfer procedure of data storage system 1d, exporting external reset signal (low level), the output of AND circuit 11 becomes low level.Internal reset signal becomes movable, carries out the process of reseting data accumulator system 1d.
After reseting procedure, if during data transfer procedure, export washout (low level) once more, the output of AND circuit 11 becomes low level, and it is movable to make that internal reset signal becomes, and carries out the process of reseting data accumulator system 1d.
As stated, through adopting washout, be used for becoming unwanted to the I/O pin of controller 2 input washouts etc. also as external reset signal.Can suppress cost and simplify function, thereby can help the design of controller 2.
Figure 18 is the block scheme as the data storage system 1e of an example of the situation of sending emergency stop request through message handler Bus PC B.
In data storage system 1e, controller 2 has emergency stop request register (register) 12.Emergency stop request register 12 can be by message handler PC direct access.Therefore, through in emergency stop request register 12, data being set, can make emergency stop request.Figure 19 is that to be shown as controller 2 that provide and can be by the synoptic diagram of an example of the register of message handler PC access.
Through adopting emergency stop request register 12, when unacceptable state resets to idle condition from process with data storage system 1e, do not carrying out under the situation of reseting procedure etc., freely reseting data accumulator system 1e.
Perhaps, shown in figure 20, newly do not providing under the situation of emergency stop request register 12 to controller 2, can adopt the part of process request register (register) 12a of the read/write that is used for request msg that emergency stop request is set.Shown in figure 21, process request register 12a is can be by one of existing register of message handler PC access.
According to first embodiment, in addition during data transfer procedure, also can prevent the transmission of misdata, to the data rewrite of misdata etc., thereby can improve the reliability of data storage system.
In first embodiment, the situation of carrying out the read/write data transport process has been described.In other cases, for example in the request of making the process that transmits for companion data not, be in idle condition, during the reseting procedure and under dormant situation, can accept emergency stop request.
Second embodiment
Figure 22 is the block scheme according to the data storage system of the second embodiment of the present invention.Figure 23 is the process flow diagram that in the data storage system of Figure 22, is set to the transmission of read data when effective when the misdata transmitting function.Figure 24 is the process flow diagram that in the data storage system of Figure 22, is set to the transmission of read data when invalid when the misdata transmitting function.Figure 25 proofreaies and correct and transmitting function is set to the process flow diagram of the transmission of read data when effective when the misdata that transmits correction data in the data storage system of Figure 22.Figure 26 is when the process flow diagram of making an operation of carrying out when reading and transmitting request from the controller that provides for the data storage system of Figure 22.Figure 27 is the process flow diagram that shows when another example of making an operation of carrying out when reading and transmitting request from the controller of Figure 22.Figure 28 shows by the data storage system according to the second embodiment of the present invention to change the process flow diagram that transmitting function is provided with an example of data.Figure 29 shows by the data storage system according to the second embodiment of the present invention to change the process flow diagram that transmitting function is provided with another example of data.Figure 30 is the synoptic diagram that shows when being an example of the data structure when in the semiconductor memory that provides of the data storage system according to the second embodiment of the present invention transmitting function being set data being set.Figure 31 is the synoptic diagram that shows when being another example of the data structure when in the semiconductor memory that provides of the data storage system according to the second embodiment of the present invention transmitting function being set data being set.Figure 32 is the process flow diagram that shows by switch an example of setting and transmitting function according to the data storage system of the second embodiment of the present invention.Figure 33 is provided with the block scheme that transmitting function is provided with the data storage system of data according to the second embodiment of the present invention in semiconductor memory.Figure 34 is provided with a process flow diagram that transmits the process of sign when the transmission of write data by the data storage system of Figure 33.Figure 35 is presented at the process flow diagram that is provided with reading after the transfer mode/transport process among Figure 34.
In a second embodiment, data storage system (accumulator system) the 13rd through adopting the for example storage card of flash memory structure, is used as the exterior storage medium as the message handler PC of main frame.Message handler PC for example is personal computer, multifunction peripheral etc.
Shown in figure 22, data storage system 13 is made up of controller (message handler) 14 and semiconductor memory 15.Though used a semiconductor memory 15 here, also a plurality of semiconductor memories can be provided.
In an embodiment of the present invention, controller and storer are separated from one another.Perhaps, can use through controller, storer and peripheral hardware are partly formed the embedded semiconductor that parts obtain.
In semiconductor memory 15, data storage areas and the data area that is used for error detection occurs are provided corresponding to address (physical address) 0 to n.Data storage areas is the zone of storaging user data (0) to (n).The data area that is used for error detection occurs is to be used for the zone of storaging user data (0) to the ECC of (n).
Message handler Bus PC B has a mechanical coupler, can be the contact types that is electrically connected, or sends the non-contact types of information through information transmitting medium, for example electric wave.
Misdata detection and correcting circuit 19 employing ECC etc. detect the mistake that transmits in the data.Not only can also come faults by a simple measuring ability, for example CRC (CRC) or parity checking by the ECC faults.
The operation of the data storage system 14 among this embodiment will be described below.
Below with reference to the flow chart description of Figure 23 in the process that is used for being set to transmission read data effective state under with reference to the storer 18 misdata transmitting functions that transfer mode switches.Here suppose that the user data (k-1) that is stored among the address k-1 in the semiconductor memory 13 is wrong.
At first; When message handler PC when controller 14 sends a request of reading user data (k-1) (step S401); Controller 14 sends the request (step S402) of reading the user data (k-1) among the k-1 of address to semiconductor memory 15, and notifies the transmission (step S403) of read data to message handler PC.
Through the transmission of notice read data, read the user data (k-1) in the semiconductor memory 15, and be sent to message handler PC (step S404) through controller 14.In this case, the misdata transmitting function is effective, makes to comprise that whole user data (k-1) of misdata are transmitted.
When the transmission of user data (k-1) was done, controller 14 finished (step S405) to the transmission of message handler PC notice read data.No matter transmit to be normally or abnormal ending, all to notify the transmission of read data to finish.
Below with reference to the flow chart description of Figure 24 when being used for being set to the read data transport process when invalid with reference to the storer 18 misdata transmitting functions that transfer mode switches.Here suppose also that the user data (k-1) that is stored among the address k-1 in the semiconductor memory 13 comprises misdata.
When message handler PC when controller 14 sends a request of reading and transmitting user data (k-1) (step S501); Controller 14 to semiconductor memory 15 send read with transfer address k-1 in the request (step S502) of user data (k-1); Then, by the user data (k-1) (step S503) in the controller 14 read semiconductor storeies 15.Detect and correcting circuit 19 through misdata, make the misdata verification.
When misdata detects when detecting the misdata in the user data (k-1) with correcting circuit 19, controller is notified the end (step S504) that is caused by mistake to message handler PC.
Below with reference to the flow chart description of Figure 25 at the read data transport process that is used for being set to execution effective state under with reference to the misdata transmitting function that the storer 18 that transfer mode switches is used for the error recovery data and transmits correction data.Here suppose also that misdata is in the user data (k-1) that is included among the address k-1 that is stored in the semiconductor memory 13.
When message handler PC when controller 14 sends a request of reading user data (k-1) (step S601), controller 14 request semiconductor memories 15 read with transfer address k-1 in user data (k-1) (step S602).
Then, the user data (k-1) (step S603) in the controller 14 read semiconductor storeies 15, and by misdata detection and correcting circuit 19 inspection user data (k-1).
If in user data (k-1), detect misdata, misdata detects and correcting circuit 19 is proofreaied and correct this misdata, and request transmits and writes data to semiconductor memory 15 (step S604), and user data (k-1) overwriting data (step S605) to proofread and correct.
Correcting user data (k-1) among Figure 25 are write address k-1 once more.A spare area and another semiconductor memory can also be provided in semiconductor memory and replace user data (k-1).
Then, controller 14 is to the transmission (step S606) of message handler PC notice read data, and the user data (k-1) (step S607) of transmission correction.
After the transmission of accomplishing user data (k-1), controller 14 finishes (step S608) to the transmission of message handler PC notice read data.Equally, in this case,, all notify the transmission of read data to finish no matter transmit to be normally or abnormal ending.
Below with reference to the flow chart description of Figure 26 in the operation of making the controller 14 when reading and transmitting request.
At first, when sending one from message handler PC when reading and transmitting request, control circuit 16 is provided with data with reference to the transmitting function of the storer 18 that is used for switching with reference to transfer mode, and determines whether to transmit even misdata (step S701).
Under the situation of transmission even misdata, will in fact send message handler PC (step S702) to from the data that semiconductor memory 15 is read.
Under the situation that does not transmit misdata, will send misdata from the data that semiconductor memory 15 is read to and detect and correcting circuit 19 (step S703), and whether inspection comprises misdata (step S704).
Be detected and be (step S705) under the correctable situation in misdata, misdata detects with correcting circuit 19 and proofreaies and correct these data, and sends the data of correction to message handler PC (step S707).
If misdata can not be corrected (step S705), can not give message handler PC (step S706) by delivery status notification with one.
In this case, if transmitting function is provided with the function that data are set to transmission even misdata, then under the situation of not carrying out the misdata inspection, transmits data, thereby can realize the high speed transport process.
Below with reference to the flow chart description of Figure 27 another example in the operation of making the controller 14 when reading and transmitting request.
At first, when sending one from message handler PC when reading and transmitting request, from semiconductor memory 15 sense datas, send misdata to and detect and correcting circuit 19 (step S801), and check whether comprise misdata (step S802).
If do not comprise misdata, send read data to message handler PC (step S803).If comprise misdata, when data when being correctable (step S804), misdata detects with correcting circuit 19 and proofreaies and correct these data, and sends the data of correction to message handler PC (step S805).
When misdata when being uncorrectable (step S804), control circuit 16 is provided with data with reference to the transmitting function of the storer 18 that is used for switching with reference to transfer mode, and determines whether to transmit even misdata (step S806).
Even when packet is drawn together misdata, also transmit under the data conditions, will send message handler PC (step S807) same as before to from the data that semiconductor memory 15 is read.Under the situation that does not transmit misdata, controller 14 to message handler PC notify one can not delivery status (step S808).
In this case, be set to and transmit even during the function of misdata, it is uncorrectable situation that the transmission of misdata also is limited to data, thereby can improve the reliability of data even data are set in transmitting function.
By the transmitting function that message handler PC changes the storer 18 that is used for switching with reference to transfer mode data conditions is set below with reference to the flow chart description of Figure 28.
Change to the situation of the setting that transmits misdata below with reference to the setting that when data transmit, will transmit non-misdata.
For example, when from request of reading and transmitting user data (k-1) of message handler PC transmission (step S901), controller 14 request semiconductor memories 15 are to read and to transmit user data (k-1) (step S902).
Then, data in the read semiconductor storer 15 and send controller 14 (step S903) to.
Because the user data (k-1) that transmits comprises misdata, the end (step S904) that controller 14 is caused by mistake to message handler PC notice.
When the notice to the end that caused by mistake was transmitted, message handler PC request controller 14 was carried out one and is used to change the mode switch process (step S905) that transmitting function is provided with data.Controller 14 receiving mode handoff procedure requests, change are used for reference to the transmitting function of the storer 18 of transfer mode switching data being set, and to message handler PC notice transmitting function the end (step S906) of the change of data are set.
Then, message handler PC makes the request (S907) of reading and transmitting user data (k-1) once more.The request that controller 14 will read and transmit user data (k-1) sends to semiconductor memory 15 (step S908), and transmits the notice (step S909) that read data transmits to message handler PC.
Through controller 14 message handler PC (step S910) is read and sent to the data in the semiconductor memory 15.After the transmission of accomplishing all read datas, controller 14 finishes (step S911) to the transmission of message handler PC notice read data.
It is not to be provided with at the storer that is used for switching with reference to transfer mode 18 that transmitting function is provided with data, but for example can in semiconductor memory 15, be provided with.
The transmitting function of being undertaken by message handler PC in this case below with reference to the flow chart description of Figure 29 is provided with the change of data.
When sending the request that is used to read and transmit user data (k-1) from message handler PC (step S1001), controller 14 sends the request (step S1002) of reading and transmitting user data (k-1) to semiconductor memory 15.
After this, the data in the semiconductor memory 15 are read and are sent to controller 14 (step S1003).Because the user data that is transmitted (k-1) comprises misdata, controller 14 notified information processing part PC are owing to the wrong end (step S1004) that causes.
Owing to the wrong end that causes, message handler PC request controller 14 is carried out the mode switch process (step S1005) that transmitting functions are provided with data that changes through notice.After receiving the request of mode switch process, data (step S1006) are set the transmitting function that controller 14 changes semiconductor memory 15 and notified information processing part PC transmitting function is provided with the change completion (step S1007) in the data.
Message handler PC sends the request (step S1008) of reading and transmitting user data (k-1) once more, and controller 14 sends to semiconductor memory 15 (step S1009) to the request of reading and transmitting user data (k-1) and transmits the notice (step S1010) of the transmission of read data to message handler PC.
Through controller 14, the data in the semiconductor memory 15 are read and are sent to message handler PC (step S1011).When accomplishing the transmission of all read datas, the transmission of controller 14 notified information processing part PC read datas finishes (step S1012).
In an embodiment, be stored in the controller owing to transmit sign, be stored in the semiconductor memory the rewriting sign not read each time with transfer operation in be examined.Like this, can realize the present invention not having to reduce under the situation about reading from message handler PC with the performance of transfer operation.After opening power, be stored in the rewriting sign in the semiconductor memory by controller inspection during the reseting procedure of reseting period by message handler PC request.Method at this storage mark semiconductor memory when manufacturer delivers can easily solve from client's request.Needn't know the switching of pattern with the compatible message handler PC of client computer.
Figure 30 is presented at the transmitting function that wherein the misdata transmitting function is invalid the synoptic diagram that data are set at the data structure under the situation in the semiconductor memory 15 is set.Figure 31 is presented at wherein that the effective transmitting function of misdata transmitting function is provided with the synoptic diagram that data are set at the data structure under the situation in the semiconductor memory 15.
Shown in Figure 30 and 31, with acting on the zone that transmitting function is provided with data is set corresponding to the data storage areas of the address in the semiconductor memory 15 " n ".When the transmission invalid flag is set at this zone, make that the misdata transmitting function is invalid.When being provided with the transmission effective marker, make that the misdata transmitting function is effective.
Transmitting function is provided with data and is set at least one of semiconductor memory, and can be used for the function setting of whole accumulator system of the present invention.Further, transmitting function is provided with data and can be set in each semiconductor memory.Through this data are set in each semiconductor memory; For example; File management data through will requiring high relatively data reliability with require high relatively data transfer rate such as the data storage of pictures and sounds data in different semiconductor memories, can realize having the accumulator system of high availability.
Figure 32 is through changing the process flow diagram that command code switches the process of setting and transmitting function when reading and transmitting request.
When message handler PC makes the request when adopting command code to forbid misdata (step S1101) simultaneously of reading and transmitting (k-1) address date; Controller 14 sends a request (step S1102) of reading and transmitting user data (k-1) to semiconductor memory 15, and will send controller 14 (step S1103) from the data that semiconductor memory 15 is read to.
Because the user data (k-1) that transmits comprises misdata, so the end (step S1104) that controller 14 is caused by mistake to message handler PC notice.
Then; Send the request when adopting command code to allow misdata (step S1105) simultaneously read and transmit user data (k-1) at message handler PC; Controller 14 sends a request (step S1106) of reading and transmitting user data (k-1) to semiconductor memory 15, and transmits the notice (step S1107) that read data is transmitted to message handler PC.
After this, through controller 14 message handler PC (step S1108) is read and sent to the data in the semiconductor memory 15.When accomplishing the transmission of all read datas, the end (step S1109) that controller 14 notified information processing part PC read datas transmit.
Figure 33 shows that transmitting function wherein is provided with the synoptic diagram of an example that data can be set at the structure of the semiconductor memory 15 of each user data (0) in (n-1).
In this case; Semiconductor memory 15 not only has data storage areas and the data area that is used for Data Detection; Also have to be used to store and transmit the zone that indicates, be used to be arranged on whether transmit user data when user data is misdata even transmit sign.
Misdata can not transmit sign or misdata can transmit sign through in transmitting the sign storage area, being provided with, and the storer that then is used for switching with reference to transfer mode can be unnecessary.Since can misdata is set selectively be transmissible or can not transmit to each user data, therefore can improve reliability of data storage.
Flow chart description below with reference to Figure 34 is provided with the process that transmits sign in semiconductor memory 15 when transmitting write data.Here suppose user data (k-1) but be set to the misdata delivery status, user data (k) is set to misdata can not delivery status.
Message handler PC sends the request that transmits user written data (k-1) is forbidden misdata (step S1201) through the employing command code simultaneously; Controller 14 sends the request (step S1202) that should transmit user written data (k-1) to semiconductor memory 15, and sends write data to semiconductor memory 15 (step S1203) through controller 14.
Then, controller 14 notice semiconductor memories 15 are write and are transmitted normal termination (step S1206), and notified information processing part PC writes transmission end (step S1207).
Make the request when adopting command code to allow misdata (step S1208) simultaneously that transmits user written data (k) at message handler PC; Controller 14 sends a request (step S1209) to transmission user written data (k) to semiconductor memory 15, and transmits write datas (step S1210) through controller 14 to semiconductor memory 15.
Then, the transmission normal termination (step S1213) of controller 14 notice semiconductor memories 15 write datas, and transmit write data to message handler PC and transmit the notice (step S1214) that finishes.
Figure 35 is presented at Figure 34 to be provided with the process flow diagram with transport process that reads after the transfer mode.
When message handler PC makes the request of reading and transmitting user data (k-1) (step S1301), controller 14 sends transmitting the request (step S1302) of user written data (k-1) to semiconductor memory 15.In response to this request, send read data to controller 14 (step S1303).
Because user data (k-1) comprises misdata, controller 14 sends wrong end notification to information-storing device PC (step S1304).
When message handler PC sends the request of reading and transmitting user data (k) once more (step S1305); Controller 14 sends the request (step S1306) of reading and transmitting user data (k) to semiconductor memory 15, and reads and transmit request (step S1307) to message handler PC transmission.
Though user data k also comprises misdata, transmit read data (step S1308) from semiconductor memory 15 to message handler PC through controller 14.After having transmitted all read datas, the notice that controller 14 will read and transmit end sends message handler PC (step S1309) to.
In a second embodiment, even when comprising misdata, also user data can be interruptedly do not transmitted, thereby the unwanted stand-by period can be eliminated.
Because data are not interruptedly transmitted, and then do not need jumbo impact damper for message handler PC.Like this, can realize reducing of message handler PC cost.
Further, in a second embodiment, the situation that the misdata transmitting function is set by message handler PC has been described.For example, shown in figure 36, can the transfer mode switching signal be provided the control circuit 16 to controller 14 from the outside outside the message handler PC.
In a second embodiment, obviously, mistake can not be not limited to the in fact wrong state that can not be corrected by correcting state, but comprises the situation that mistake can not be corrected at the fixed time.
For example, through register that the error recovery time wherein can be set etc. being provided and being set the error recovery time for every kind of data, can with correct speed its delivery time of transmission than prior data of degree of accuracy and the prior data of degree of accuracy.
In a second embodiment, under the impossible situation of error recovery, will just offer main frame without error recovery from the data that memory array is read.In this case, obviously, for example all data " 0 " or all data " 1 " can be provided for main frame.
The effect that disclosed representative example of the present invention obtained in instructions will briefly be described below.
(1) even when in main frame, supply voltage etc., ERST occurring during the data transfer procedure; Also can by the emergency stop request process prevent misdata transmit, to the data rewrite of misdata etc., thereby can improve the reliability of data storage system.
(2) owing to comprise that the user data of misdata can interruptedly not transmit yet, therefore can reduce the useless stand-by period, and further improve the reliability of accumulator system.
(3) further, through top effect (1) and (2), can greatly improve the Performance And Reliability that adopts the isostructure electronic system of this accumulator system.
Claims (8)
1. Nonvolatile memory system comprises:
One or more nonvolatile semiconductor memory; And
A message handler is used for reading the data that are stored in said one or more nonvolatile semiconductor memory and data is write said one or more nonvolatile semiconductor memory,
Wherein, Said nonvolatile semiconductor memory has data storage areas and transmits mark region; Said transmission mark region is used for storage and transmits sign; Whether the said data that said transmission sign is used to be provided with said data storage areas when the data of said data storage areas comprise misdata are transmissible, and
Wherein, when said transmission sign was set to transmit, even the said data of said data storage areas comprise said misdata, the said data that said message handler is also carried out said data storage areas were sent to outside transfer operation.
2. Nonvolatile memory system as claimed in claim 1,
Wherein, said message handler has a misdata detecting unit, and
Wherein, said misdata detecting unit detects said misdata when the said data of said data storage areas comprise said misdata.
3. Nonvolatile memory system as claimed in claim 2,
Wherein, said misdata detecting unit is proofreaied and correct said misdata when the said data of said data storage areas comprise that said misdata and said misdata are recoverable.
4. Nonvolatile memory system as claimed in claim 3,
Wherein, said message handler rewrites the said data of said data storage areas after said misdata is corrected.
5. Nonvolatile memory system comprises:
One or more nonvolatile semiconductor memory; And
A message handler is used for reading the data that are stored in said one or more nonvolatile semiconductor memory and data is write said one or more nonvolatile semiconductor memory,
Wherein, said nonvolatile semiconductor memory has data storage areas and transmits mark region, and said transmission mark region is used for storage and the corresponding transmission sign of each said data storage areas,
Wherein, said transmission mark region has flag data, and whether the said data that said flag data is used to be provided with said data storage areas when the data of said data storage areas comprise misdata are transmissible, and
Wherein, When said transmission sign is set to transmit; Even the said data of said data storage areas comprise said misdata, the said data that said message handler is also carried out said data storage areas are sent to outside transfer operation from said nonvolatile semiconductor memory.
6. Nonvolatile memory system as claimed in claim 5,
Wherein, said message handler has a misdata detecting unit, and
Wherein, said misdata detecting unit detects said misdata when the said data of said data storage areas comprise said misdata.
7. Nonvolatile memory system as claimed in claim 6,
Wherein, said misdata detecting unit is proofreaied and correct said misdata when the said data of said data storage areas comprise that said misdata and said misdata are recoverable.
8. Nonvolatile memory system as claimed in claim 7,
Wherein, said message handler rewrites the said data of said data storage areas after said misdata is corrected.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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| CNB2004100038310A Expired - Fee Related CN100437455C (en) | 2003-02-07 | 2004-02-06 | Nonvolatile storage system |
| CN2010102207732A Expired - Fee Related CN101894053B (en) | 2003-02-07 | 2004-02-06 | Nonvolatile memory system |
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| CNB2004100038310A Expired - Fee Related CN100437455C (en) | 2003-02-07 | 2004-02-06 | Nonvolatile storage system |
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| CN1234562A (en) * | 1998-05-04 | 1999-11-10 | 国际商业机器公司 | Intensified error handling for I/O loading/storing operation of -PCI apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR101054217B1 (en) | 2011-08-03 |
| US7596041B2 (en) | 2009-09-29 |
| US7280416B2 (en) | 2007-10-09 |
| US20080137452A1 (en) | 2008-06-12 |
| CN101894053A (en) | 2010-11-24 |
| JP4153802B2 (en) | 2008-09-24 |
| US20040158778A1 (en) | 2004-08-12 |
| US20060239086A1 (en) | 2006-10-26 |
| KR20040072055A (en) | 2004-08-16 |
| US7072232B2 (en) | 2006-07-04 |
| KR20110007072A (en) | 2011-01-21 |
| JP2004240820A (en) | 2004-08-26 |
| CN101393541A (en) | 2009-03-25 |
| CN101393541B (en) | 2011-08-31 |
| TW200415521A (en) | 2004-08-16 |
| CN100437455C (en) | 2008-11-26 |
| CN1519689A (en) | 2004-08-11 |
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