CN101885199B - Method for manufacturing bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material Download PDFInfo
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- CN101885199B CN101885199B CN200910203495.7A CN200910203495A CN101885199B CN 101885199 B CN101885199 B CN 101885199B CN 200910203495 A CN200910203495 A CN 200910203495A CN 101885199 B CN101885199 B CN 101885199B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for manufacturing a bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material. The method comprises the following steps of: manufacturing a substrate of the bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material and adding a reinforcing material, namely cooking a bamboo unit with medicinal liquid and drying the bamboo unit; machining an outer side of the bamboo unit into a regularly polygonal bamboo sections; arranging the bamboo sections side by side in the direction of the cross section, extending the sections in the longitudinal direction through finger joints and adhering the sections for assembly so as to form the substrate; inserting tie bars into all or part of the bamboo units of the substrate; arranging high-strength baffle plates at the two ends of the substrate; and tensing the two ends of the tie bars with anchors or nuts to fix the tie bars on the baffle plates to manufacture the pre-stress structural material by using the tie bars as the reinforcing material. By fully utilizing the bamboo original-state structural and physical characteristics and the pre-stress tension effect of the tie bar, the method has the advantages of manufacturing the structural material with high strength, high span, low energy consumption and environment friendliness, effectively relieving the contradiction between supply and demand of the wood in China, partially replacing the concrete materials and the steel materials and having a broad development and application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to structural material field, relate to a kind of manufacture method of bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material.
Background technology
Bamboo have growth rapidly, the period of felling in turn short feature, bamboo wood intensity is high, good toughness, large, outer close interior the dredging of hardness, has good bionics Study advantage.The hat in China's bamboo kind, bamboo grove area and the accumulation Jun Ju world is one of the abundantest country of bamboo resource in the world.Hollow bamboo wood restructuring Compound Machining is become to composite, can substitute timber, make full use of the structure of bamboo wood ortho states and the prestressed tension effect of physical characteristic and lacing wire material, can be processed into the structural material of high strength, large span, low power consuming, environmental protection, friendliness characteristic, can effectively alleviate China's timber imbalance between supply and demand, and can partly substitute concrete and steel material, there is wide development prospect.
Existing bamboo wood restructuring and the building material technology of being correlated with mainly contain:
(1) bamboo side's recombinant technique: by hollow bamboo wood splitting camber bamboo base, then bamboo base is processed into bamboo side's bar of certain specification, bamboo side's bar is glued to together, composition bamboo board or bamboo square bar.The shortcoming and defect of this technology is: by the arc bamboo base side of cutting into bar, cause the waste of large content of starting materials, general utilization rate of bamboo less than 30%.
(2) broken bamboo recombinant technique: recombinate and be glued to together after whole bamboo is crushed, form bamboo board or bamboo square bar.The shortcoming and defect of this technology is: 1) texture of natural bamboo suffers to destroy in various degree; 2) the inner slight void that easily forms of bamboo board or bamboo square bar, affects cross section quality.
(3) dwarf bamboo recombinant technique: dwarf bamboo bamboo wood is rubbed to the well-thought-out plan bundle of consulting, and restructuring is glued to together, forms bamboo board or bamboo square bar.The shortcoming and defect of this technology is: destroyed the macrostructure of natural bamboo, lost " ortho states " of bamboo wood, surface quality is not good enough, cannot substitute higher gears time solid wood.
(4) curved bamboo ortho states recombinant technique: equate, have the arc bamboo clappers of smooth bamboo strip and yellow bamboo face by inner arc radius and outer arc radius, form towards discharge pressurizing binding arranged side by side with the identical of its arc.The shortcoming and defect of this technology is: because material is to be formed by stacking by arc bamboo sheet, do not utilize bamboo wood inner hollow and bamboo every natural structure, manufacture large scale structure material very uneconomical.
(5) carbon fibre reinforced plastic/bamboo complex technique: it be undertaken by high performance carbon fibre reinforced plastic and bamboo structure compound, through certain processing technology and the high strength composite made.The shortcoming and defect of this technology is: 1) can not be used alone as the building element such as high strength, longspan structure material; 2) manufacturing technology requirement is high, production cost is higher; 2) in compound process, break and encircled the peculiar physiological structures such as bamboo hollow, ring, truly do not keep bamboo ortho states.
(6) lacing wire prestressed concrete technology: the crack for fear of lacing wire xoncrete structure occurs too early, utilize high strength lacing wire and strong concrete, before structural material bears working load, in advance the concrete of tensile region is exerted pressure, its generation compressive pre-stress is reduced or offset the caused concrete pulling stress of load, thereby the tension of structural elements is controlled at more among a small circle, to postpone appearance and the expansion of distress in concrete, thereby improve cracking resistance and the rigidity of member.This technology is mainly not enough: 1) manufacturing technology requirement is high, long construction period; 2) consume energy highly, be unfavorable for environmental protection, not recoverable, belongs to non-green construction material.
Above-mentioned several recombinant technique does not all fully demonstrate the former step response such as structure, physics that bamboo wood itself has, and is not that unit mass interior mechanics performance is not high, can not realize exactly the requirement of high strength, long scope, large span restructuring.And the requirement of reinforced concrete building material manufacturing technology is high, production cost is high and belong to non-green material, therefore, above-mentioned various materials all can not be used as green structural material.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to improve the deficiencies in the prior art, provide one can keep bamboo wood natural structure, with lacing wire Material cladding, the manufacture method of the bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material that processing intensity is high, span is large and utilization rate of bamboo is high.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following process technology scheme:
A kind of bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material manufacture method provided by the invention, comprise the manufacture of bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material base material and adding of reinforcing material, the manufacture of described base material is by the horizontal and vertical structural material that is connected to form preseting length and cross-sectional area by the bamboo wood unit of original some maintenances bamboo grown form; Adding of described reinforcing material is that the lacing wire suitable with described base material length is longitudinally located at least a portion bamboo wood unit of described base material, then the two ends of this lacing wire is fixed on to the two ends of base material.
The bamboo wood unit that described bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material base material is regular polygon or regular polygon by some cross sections forms, the processing method of this base material is, on the outer surface of original bamboo, longitudinally process some planes, Formation cross-section is the bamboo wood unit of regular polygon or regular polygon, in the described plane in outside of two bamboo wood unit transverse contacts, be coated with adhesive layer, by this adhesive layer, described plane bonding outside some these bamboo wood unit is fixed together, form widthwise edge opposite side arrangement architecture, realize horizontal arbitrary extension; Process finger joint at described two longitudinal links in bamboo wood unit, on the finger joint faying face of bamboo wood unit, be coated with adhesive layer, by this adhesive layer, some these bamboo wood unit joggles are fixed together, realize longitudinally and extending arbitrarily, thus, form bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material base material, then wear lacing wire at least a portion bamboo wood unit of such base material, make its reinforcing material as bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material.The two ends of above-mentioned base material are provided with the high strength baffle plate for fixing lacing wire, and described lacing wire two ends are strained and fixed on this high strength baffle plate.
Described in the main process of described bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material, the making step of bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material base material comprises:
A. determine bamboo section: the bamboo section that intercepts preseting length from original bamboo;
B. boiling: the operation that described bamboo section is steamed or boiled; Boiling object to bamboo section: 1) soften bamboo wood by boiling, reduce the internal stress of bamboo wood, prevent its cracking, improve weatherability; 2) can dissolve the materials such as the starch that leaches in a part of bamboo wood, sugar, protein, thereby reduce, whole bamboo is mildewed, the defect such as infested; 3) remove unnecessary salinity, cytoplasm etc. in bamboo culm, and add filler in space between cells, parenchymal tissue etc., enrich bamboo wood, improve crack resistance and stability, be beneficial to the long-term use of structural material.
C. dry: the bamboo section after boiling to be dried, to reduce its water content; The dry object of bamboo section is the internal stress for reducing bamboo section, and the defect such as prevent from deforming, breaking in postorder manufacture and product use procedure.After dry, the whole moisture content of bamboo section is 5%～20%.
D. milling processing: by the side milling of dry bamboo section, form the bamboo wood unit of regular polygon or regular polygon, to the termination milling finger tenon for longitudinally connecting of bamboo section;
E. assembly: side milling face and finger tenon surface, termination in bamboo wood unit are coated with adhesive, by described bamboo wood unit at horizontal and vertical combination assembly, by cold pressing or hot pressing by some bamboo woods unit bond together form described base material; Or also comprise:
Determine to add surf green link between bamboo section step and boiling step described, remove by the bamboo green layer on bamboo section outer surface.In example, adopt special whole bamboo to remove blue or green machine or manually go blue or green.
In the cooking process of B step, in example, preferably bamboo section is placed in to the macromolecular compound solution such as alum and carries out boiling; Or bamboo section is placed in the container of HTHP (100 DEG C～200 DEG C of temperature, pressure 0.1MPa～1.6MPa), carry out the macromolecular compound solution boilings such as alum.While using alum solution to carry out boiling, alum concentration is boiling water saturated solution.Concrete grammar can be: in water, add alum, heated solution, finally forms the saturated alum solution of boiling water.Bamboo section is inserted to the about 4-6 hour of boiling in boiling water solution, then take out and be dried.
In the drying process example of C step, bamboo section can be placed in to steaming of wood kiln and be dried.Generally carry out low temperature drying better, baking temperature is 30 DEG C～50 DEG C.
Can save as required.Described milling tenon finger and milling regular polygon face processing technology order can be exchanged.Described vertical and horizontal assembly process sequences can be exchanged.
What form described base material is cut into the bamboo section of certain length from original bamboo, and the average diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground error of each bamboo section is within ± 15mm, and the diameter at every bamboo section two ends is poor within ± 10mm; According to each bamboo section cross section size packets, bamboo section cross section is on the same group basic identical, the side of guaranteeing the regular polygon bamboo wood unit processing is substantially equal at the width at two ends, also can avoid the bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material combining to occur longitudinal void at the less diameter parts in bamboo wood unit.
On the lateral surface of bamboo wood unit, be processed into some fore-and-aft planes, being processed into both-end by standard regular polygon pattern, to be all standard regular polygon or one end be that the standard regular polygon other end is that non-standard regular polygon or the both-end of the original partial arc of bamboo wood and part rectilinear(-al) is the bamboo section of the non-standard equilateral polygon section of the original partial arc of bamboo wood and part processing linear composition, is called " regular polygon " bamboo wood unit.It is the bonding plane needing in the expansion of bamboo wood unit transverse for obtaining that bamboo section lateral surface is milled into regular polygon object, because retaining local circular arc, therefore the regular polygon of non-stricti jurise.
The straightway length of side L2 of the bamboo wood cell cross-section of regular polygon be called polygonization degree (seeing Fig. 7) with the ratio of the length of side L1 that connects regular polygon in diameter circle.In order to ensure enough bond areas, to guarantee between bamboo wood unit well cementingly, when milling regular polygon, this polygonization degree can not be lower than 40%, and the preferred parameter of this polygonization degree is 60%～80%.If polygonization degree is too large, more to the milling of bamboo wall thickness, the intensity of reduction bamboo wood, also reduces its utilization rate; If polygonization degree is too little, the bamboo wood cell side of regular polygon surface does not have enough large bond area, affects bonding strength.
The limit number of the cross section of the bamboo wood unit of described regular polygon, numbers of sides can be 4～8.The numbers of sides of regular polygon bamboo wood unit is 6 to be best selections.The splicing of regular hexagon bamboo wood unit transverse, the lateral surface laminating of each bamboo wood unit does not closely interspace, and bamboo lateral surface is processed into regular hexagon, less to the excision amount of bamboo wall thickness.If the polygonal limit number that bamboo wood is made very little, make regular polygon for the excision of bamboo wall too much, the waste to bamboo wood and the weakening to bamboo wood intensity beyond doubt.If numbers of sides is too many, the lateral surface area processing is less, and each bamboo wood unit transverse adhesion strength will reduce.
Link longitudinal bamboo wood unit is milled into finger joint, and is referring to tenon faying face gluing; Select diameter suitable, the face unified specification regular polygon bamboo wood unit in outside, pressurizes and/or is heating and curing, and can realize the finger assembly of indefinite length, forms single long material.Can make bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material base material extend to needed random length by described finger mode.
Extending transversely when extend longitudinally.After described bamboo wood unit extend longitudinally or before extending, be bonded to bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material base material according to cellular discharge arranged side by side by its side with its cross section.Described bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material base material can comprise some cross section sizes, the identical or different bamboo wood unit of numbers of sides.For example concrete have following several situation,
The cross section size of described some bamboo woods unit is identical, number of sides is also identical; Or,
Described bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material base material comprises two groups or more bamboo wood unit, the cross section of bamboo wood unit size is identical with limit number on the same group, difference is not counted on cross section size and/or limit on the same group, and on the same group or not bamboo wood unit does not form lateral extension structure by lateral surface transverse bonding on the same group; Or,
Described bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material base material comprises that cross section size is basic identical, also identical bamboo wood of number of sides, also comprise in addition the wooden unit that one group of some cross section is not identical with the cross section of described bamboo wood unit, its cross section and the described bamboo wood unit space forming of mutually recombinating therebetween matches, and is filled in described space.
For example, described bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material base material comprises the bamboo wood unit of one group of some octagon and the bamboo wood unit of one group of some square, the length of side correspondent equal of the cross section of the length of side of the cross section of the bamboo wood unit of this square and the bamboo wood unit of described octagon, or one-tenth multiple, make described square bamboo wood unit be placed in the hole in the square cross section after described octagon bamboo wood unit bonding;
For another example, described bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material base material comprises the bamboo wood unit of two groups of each some squares, respectively organizes the length of side difference of bamboo wood unit.
Arrange and combine bamboo wood unit in cross-sectional direction as required, increase cross-sectional area, can realize the expansion of horizontal any width.The discharge that should as far as possible interlock of the seam of the longitudinal joggle in described bamboo wood unit, avoids interface mechanical strength to reduce.Above-mentioned bonding agent can be selected conventional various kinds, for example, can adopt other conventional adhesive of PVAc (vinyl acetate resin glue), UF (urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive), PF (phenolic resin glue), MDI (isocyanate glue) or this area.Adhering method and condition are also conventional.
Described bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material comprises base material that bamboo wood original state regular polygon recombined material forms, wears the lacing wire wherein high strength baffle plate as reinforcing material and two ends.The ring of the part bamboo wood unit of bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material base material is got through, and wherein wears lacing wire; According to needing, this lacing wire can wear in whole bamboo woods unit of described base material or some bamboo wood unit.The tension layer in structural material when carrying is the most fragile, thereby is preferably in the tension layer bamboo wood unit of cross section of described bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material base material and wears lacing wire.The two ends of bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material base material are all provided with the high strength baffle plate for fixing described lacing wire, and this high strength baffle plate is provided with hole at the corresponding place of stretching out of lacing wire; Stretch out from described hole at lacing wire two ends, and be fixed on high strength baffle plate.Device for fixing described lacing wire can be at lacing wire two ends hitch and in conjunction with nut, or uses architectural conventional ground tackle; When fixing, strain this lacing wire fastening by ground tackle or nut, form prestressing force, further improve the mechanical strength of described bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material; Can clip in actual use the termination in the outstanding high strength baffle plate of lacing wire outside, easy to use.
Described lacing wire is the material that steel material, nylon, rubber, plastics, high strength composite etc. can produce high-strength prestress effect.
Wear lacing wire, ring need to be run through, wear the size of the through hole on the ring of lacing wire can retain as much as possible ring as principle.Can be as far as possible little through through hole under the prerequisite of lacing wire.
Innovative point of the present invention is mainly, make up the deficiency of the bamboo wood restructuring that destroys the original hollow structure of bamboo in prior art, keep the original physiological structure of bamboo, take full advantage of bamboo have hollow, bamboo every etc. unique texture, make bamboo pole bending resistance, resistance to compression and shear resistance strong, the features such as physical property is good are retained to large extent, have kept the ecosystem feature of bamboo wood, have improved raw material availability.Nature bamboo wood is cylindric, due to the existence of ring and the ordered arrangement of bamboo fiber, makes in the horizontal bamboo wood have stronger wind loading rating (being that anti-shearing and counter-bending energy is strong), makes in the vertical bamboo wood have very strong tension and anti-pressure ability.The present invention takes full advantage of this physical structural characteristic of bamboo wood, realizes the horizontal arbitrary extension of bamboo wood, longitudinally any restructuring extending by outer surface regular polygonization and the processing of finger tenon structure, gives full play to the natural mechanical property of bamboo wood; And in bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material base material, wear lacing wire, in the time of fixing lacing wire, add prestressing force to strengthen, thereby significantly improve mechanical strength, can be used as large specification, high-strength structure material.In prior art, use reinforcing bar to be located in beam column example to improve its tensile strength many, for example reinforced concrete beam column, but, reinforcing bar in its beam column of this beam column is by reinforcing bar is first set in mould, then arrange by the way of concreting, and bamboo wood provided by the invention, it is the existing material being shaped, and does not wear therein the precedent of reinforcing bar in prior art.Therefore, advantage of the present invention is:
The present invention is directed to the physical structural characteristic of bamboo wood hollow, ring, the restructuring of circular hollow bamboo wood is processed into laterally for polygon edge-to-edge discharges shape (if six side's restructuring are for cellular) side by side, the recombinant material in many ways longitudinally extending arbitrarily, has kept bamboo wood natural structure; In part bamboo wood unit, wear lacing wire, and add prestressing force in the time of fixing lacing wire, thereby significantly improve mechanical strength of the present invention, can be processed into the ortho states Recombined bamboo pre-stress structural material that intensity is high, span is large.Bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material not only alternative timber, as structural material, improves the utilization rate of bamboo timber resource, saves forest tree resource, and can partly substitute the structural materials such as concrete, steel, improves the right ability in person of structural material.
The invention provides a kind of bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material manufacture method.Comprising the manufacture of bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material base material and adding of reinforcing material.It is that bamboo wood unit is removed to surf green (or not removing surf green), liquid medicine boiling, dry, again bamboo unit lateral surface is processed into the suitable bamboo section of diameter of regular polygon, cross section discharges side by side by edge-to-edge, longitudinally finger prolongation bonding forms the base material of bamboo wood recombined pre-stress structural material, in all or part of bamboo wood unit of this bamboo wood recombined pre-stress structural material base material cross section, wear lacing wire again, and establish high strength baffle plate at base material two ends, the two ends of lacing wire are strained and fixed on high strength baffle plate with ground tackle or nut, make lacing wire as reinforcing material, make pre-stress structural material.The limit number of bamboo wood unit regular polygon is 4～8.The present invention is directed to bamboo wood and there is hollow, tapering, ring, the interior close outer physical structural characteristic such as dredge, make full use of the structure of bamboo wood ortho states and the prestressed tension effect of physical characteristic and lacing wire, can be processed into high strength, large span, low power consuming, environmental protection, there is the structural material of friendliness characteristic, can effectively alleviate China's timber imbalance between supply and demand, and can partly substitute concrete and steel material, there is wide development prospect.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described, not limitation of the present invention, every any this area of carrying out according to the disclosure of invention be equal to replacement, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 chooses the bamboo wood that diameter is suitable on demand, the bamboo section schematic diagram that the fixed section of sawing obtains;
Fig. 2 a is respectively with Fig. 2 b the schematic diagram that the milling of bamboo wood outer surface is become to 2 kinds of state bamboo wood unit of regular hexagon;
Fig. 3 a is respectively with Fig. 3 b the structural representation that the link milling of bamboo wood unit is become to finger joint;
Fig. 4 is that the cross section of bamboo wood unit is arranged assemble pattern schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is by the outer surface of regular hexagon bamboo wood unit, refers to tenon faying face gluing, and heating or the cold conditions pressurization schematic diagram of becoming a useful person;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of bamboo wood ortho states six side's recombined pre-stress structural material base materials;
Fig. 7 polygonization degree explanation schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is by the recombinate structural representation of the bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material base material forming of octagon bamboo wood unit and square bamboo wood units match.
Fig. 9 is the position view that adds lacing wire in whole bamboo woods unit of bamboo wood ortho states six side's recombined pre-stress structural material base materials or some bamboo wood unit.
Figure 10 a, 10b are lacing wire and high strength baffle plate schematic diagram.
Figure 11 is the cutaway view of fixing lacing wire and high strength baffle plate in bamboo wood unit.
Figure 12 a, 12b, 12c are respectively that the master of bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material analyses and observe, side-looking and plan structure schematic diagram.
Figure 13 is the perspective view of bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material.
Figure 14 is the main process flow chart of bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1:
Figure 12 and Figure 13 are the bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural materials that a kind of embodiment of the present invention makes, bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material comprises that some lateral surfaces are the bamboo wood unit 10a (as Fig. 2 a, 2b) of regular hexagon, on the part side plane of bamboo wood unit 10a or whole side plane 13, scribble bond layer, by this bond layer, some these 10a sides, bamboo wood unit are bonded together, realize horizontal arbitrary extension; In other bamboo wood unit of one or both ends joggle of regular polygon bamboo wood unit 10a, it is longitudinally being extended arbitrarily, form bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material 49.Described bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material also comprises the high strength baffle plate 43,48 that wears lacing wire wherein 41 and two ends.The ring of the described bamboo wood unit that need to wear lacing wire is got through, and wherein wears lacing wire; Be provided with the high strength baffle plate for fixing lacing wire at the two ends of bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material, lacing wire two ends are fixed on high strength baffle plate.
Concrete step comprises:
(1) first, original mao bamboon sawing is become to the bamboo section 10 (seeing Fig. 1) of certain length, i.e. fixed section, choose diameter, tapering, the basically identical and more straight bamboo wood of wall thickness, hold by size the poor be less than ± 15mm of d1, d2 of diameter to carry out fixed section, sawing becomes the bamboo section 10 (seeing Fig. 1) of random-length.In fixed section, also to defer to two principles, the one, saw kerf is chosen in and is not ring 15 parts; The 2nd, the diameter d 1 at the two ends 11,12 of described bamboo section 10, the poor C of d2 are ± 10mm.Wherein according to the needs of material applications, can go blue or green machine or manual mode to remove surf green by special whole bamboo fixed section of complete bamboo section, as without special requirement without removing surf green.
(2) bamboo section be impregnated in to immersion in chemical medicinal liquid, boiling so as to reach that bamboo unit is anticorrosion, the object such as anticracking, fire-retardant, easy preservation.In example, bamboo section is placed in to the macromolecular compound solution such as alum and carries out boiling; Or bamboo section is placed in to the container of HTHP, carry out the macromolecular compound solution boilings such as alum.Make the macromolecular compounds such as alum can fully enter the space of whole bamboo, reach and fill fine and close object.Specific practice can be: in water, add alum, heated solution, finally forms the saturated alum solution of boiling water.Bamboo section is inserted in boiling water solution to boiling approximately 5 hours, then take out and be dried.It is 100 DEG C～200 DEG C of temperature that boiling is preferably in high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, under pressure 0.1MPa～1.6MPa, carries out.
(3) bamboo wood good soaking cooking is carried out to gas and do or artificial drying, make the absolute drift of bamboo unit between 5%～20%.In example, bamboo section is placed in to steaming of wood kiln and is dried.Generally carry out low temperature drying better, baking temperature is 30 DEG C～50 DEG C.
(4) the outside facing cut of dry bamboo section is become regular hexagon shape (seeing Fig. 2) or regular hexagon shape shape (see Fig. 2 a), object is that bamboo wood cell cross-section is combined according to cellular discharge regulation arranged side by side, when the 10a lateral surface milling of bamboo wood unit becomes regular hexagon, more or less leave the original partial arc 14 of bamboo wood, but not the regular hexagon of stricti jurise; In actual processing, can make the larger end of diameter of bamboo wood unit 10a become regular hexagon, and diameter becomes non-standard regular hexagon compared with small end, (see Fig. 2 b), the two ends that also can make bamboo section are all non-standard regular hexagon.
Implement bonding between bamboo wood unit in order to ensure enough large side plane 13, when milling regular hexagon, the length of side L2 of the bamboo wood cell cross-section side of regular hexagon be called hexagon degree (seeing Fig. 7) with the ratio of the orthohexagonal length of side L1 connecing in diameter circle, the hexagon degree of the present embodiment elects 70% as, i.e. L2: L1=70%.
(5) one end 101, bamboo wood unit or both-end 101,102 being milled into finger joint (sees Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b), can realize the finger assembly of indefinite length.
(6) by the finger tenon faying face gluing of regular hexagon bamboo wood unit, can make the base material of bamboo wood ortho states six side's recombined pre-stress structural materials extend to needed random length by finger mode.For example, can be at the single long material that longitudinally different length several bamboo wood unit 10a fingers is become to certain length.The present embodiment is chosen the single long material 16 (seeing Fig. 5) of making 6000mm.
(7) by the bamboo wood unit 10a assembly after gluing, vertically pressurize, heating or cold conditions (normal temperature) are solidified, and form the long material 16 of single 6000mm six side; This bonding agent can be selected conventional various kinds, for example, can adopt other conventional adhesive of PVAc (vinyl acetate resin glue), UF (urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive), PF (phenolic resin glue), MDI (isocyanate glue) or this area.Adhering method and condition are also conventional.
(8) on request the long material of single six side is recombinated, realize desired bamboo wood ortho states six side's restructuring.Specific practice is, by the adjacent side gluing of the long material 16 of some single six sides, by cellular discharge arranged side by side, carries out horizontal pressurization with its cross section, and heating or cold conditions are solidified, and realizes laterally restructuring (seeing Fig. 4,5) and forms; Single bamboo wood used is if two ends vary in size, and as shown in Figure 2 b, in the time of horizontal restructuring, concentric reducer 11,12 can be staggeredly placed (seeing Fig. 4).Like this, can make to reduce as far as possible by retain the gap 103 that forms of original partial arc between each ring unit.
(9) processing such as sawing, sanding, japanning are carried out in edge and the surface of described bamboo wood ortho states six side's recombined pre-stress structural material base materials, and sawing becomes the recombined material 30 of certain specification as required.Also can carry out as required secondary restructuring, be bonded together by side gluing by the several ortho states of bamboo wood as shown in Figure 5 six side's recombined pre-stress structural material base materials 17, the larger restructuring base material 30 of composition cross section, also the long material 16 of more six side that can bond on the restructuring base material 17 shown in Fig. 5, bamboo wood ortho states six side's recombined pre-stress structural material base materials 30 (or seeing Fig. 6) of the larger cross section of composition.
(10) get through the ring (as Fig. 9) in whole bamboo woods unit or some the bamboo wood unit 31 that equipment or the mode such as manual get through bamboo wood ortho states six side's recombined pre-stress structural material base material 30 cross sections by special ring, wear therein lacing wire 41, lacing wire 41 can be steel material, nylon, rubber, plastics, high strength composite etc. and can produce the material of high-strength prestress effect, the needs of the model of lacing wire 41, diameter, the length TV structure strength of materials, size and determining.Because the lower floor of pre-stress structural material is the most fragile when pressure-bearing, is preferably in the bamboo wood unit of cross section tension layer of described base material 30 and wears lacing wire.
(11) the each coupling in the two ends of bamboo wood ortho states recombined pre-stress structural material base material 30 is provided with the high strength baffle plate 43 identical with its cross section and 48, two high strength baffle plates of high strength baffle plate and all stretches out place's perforate 44 and (see Figure 10 b) lacing wire is corresponding.As shown in figure 11, be in 46Cong hole, lacing wire termination 44, to stretch out in a longitudinal bamboo wood 47 of base material at single long material, and operative installations 45 is fixed on lacing wire 41 on high strength baffle plate 43.Can be at lacing wire two ends hitch and respectively in conjunction with nut 40 and nut 42 for the device 45 of fixing lacing wire 41, or use architectural conventional ground tackle; When fixing, by ground tackle or screw nut and strain this lacing wire 41, form prestressing force, make it as reinforcing material, further improve the mechanical strength of described bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material; Can clip the termination 46 in the outstanding high strength baffle plate of lacing wire outside, easy to use.Determine to add surf green link between bamboo section step and boiling step described, remove by the bamboo green layer on bamboo section outer surface.
Shown in Fig. 1～Fig. 6, for the average diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground error of diameter d 1, d2 at two ends of bamboo section of bamboo wood unit 10a of making pre-stress structural material in ± 15mm, bamboo wood lateral surface is processed into the bamboo wood unit of the regular hexagon that specification is consistent through facing cut, its one end or two-ends milling machine refer to tenon.Longitudinally finger bamboo wood unit reaches certain length (as 6000mm), and laterally assembly bamboo wood unit becomes bamboo wood ortho states six side's recombined pre-stress structural material base materials.Described faying face is all schemed upper bond layer, through pressurization and/or add hot adhesion and form bamboo wood ortho states six side's recombined pre-stress structural material base materials of random length.Shown in Fig. 9, Figure 10 a, Figure 10 b, Figure 11, Figure 12 a, Figure 12 b and Figure 12 c, in bamboo wood ortho states six side's recombined pre-stress structural material base materials 30, wear lacing wire 41 and at lacing wire 41 two ends hitch, in conjunction with nut, lacing wire is fixed on to the high strength baffle plate at two ends, make prestressing force lacing wire as reinforcing material, form ortho states six side's recombined pre-stress structural materials 49.
So far, be processed into bamboo wood ortho states six side's recombined pre-stress structural materials 49.Main process step is as Figure 14.
In the present embodiment, in restructuring, be first to form single long material with some bamboo woods unit by finger, more some single long materials are laterally recombinated.In restructuring, also can recombinate by vertical and horizontal simultaneously, by several splicing faces of bamboo wood unit of regular hexagon and refer to tenon faying face gluing, with its cross section by cellular discharge arranged side by side; , longitudinal bamboo wood unit joggle is arranged meanwhile, longitudinally, as far as possible by staggered finger seam in bamboo wood unit discharge, can form as requested the assembly of different cross section specification and different length.Assembly after gluing is carried out to vertical and side direction to pressurize simultaneously, heating or cold conditions are solidified, form bamboo wood ortho states six side's recombined pre-stress structural material base materials, in bamboo wood unit, wear lacing wire again, and establish high strength baffle plate at base material two ends, the two ends of lacing wire are strained and fixed and form reinforcing material on high strength baffle plate, thereby make pre-stress structural material.On stricti jurise, the size that wears the hole that lacing wire wears on ring is influential to the intensity of pre-stress structural material, but as long as retain a circle ring of bamboo wall periphery, the size in hole is little on the impact of pre-stress structural material intensity within the specific limits, and best effect is to retain ring as far as possible.Therefore, on ring, the size of through hole is preferably and can just passes lacing wire.
Embodiment 2
In embodiment 1, (4) and (5) step is exchanged, be that this example is first realized the longitudinal milling of bamboo wood and referred to that tenon, finger become regular hexagon by the appearance facing cut of former bamboo again, and other steps are constant according to example 1.Its main process step is as Figure 14.
Embodiment 3
In assembly process, also can realize the first longitudinal assembly in single bamboo unit, more laterally recombinate; Also can realize portraitlandscape assembly simultaneously.Be that step in example 1 (7), (8), (9) have two kinds of different operations, other steps are constant according to example 1.Its main process step is as Figure 14.
Embodiment 4:
The present embodiment formations of being bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material base material different from embodiment 1,2.
First, the bamboo wood that diameter is suitable comprises the bamboo wood unit of 2 kinds of specifications, and a kind of is the bamboo section that diameter is larger, and another kind is the bamboo section that diameter is less, and each bamboo wood unit in every kind of bamboo section is according to the fixed section of fixed section of principle described in embodiment 1.
Then, diameter is milled into the bamboo wood unit 201 of octagon compared with big bamboo section, another kind of is the bamboo wood unit 202 that the less bamboo section of diameter is milled into square, the length of side correspondent equal of the cross section of the length of side of the cross section of the bamboo wood unit 202 of this quadrangle and the bamboo wood unit 201 of octagon.2 kinds of bamboo wood unit are milled out respectively to the finger joint of one or both ends, as described in the step (5) of the step of front embodiment 1 (4) and example 2, method is longitudinally recombinated, and laterally recombinates afterwards or simultaneously according to mode as shown in Figure 8.Other steps are with embodiment 1,2.
This restructuring, higher to the utilization rate of bamboo.
For the bamboo wood of large footpath, path (diameter≤40mm) bamboo wood wall thickness is larger, can accomplish that quadrangle milling cuts, as the inside of the octagon recombinant material material of " filling a vacancy ".In addition, also can adopt " scantlings " of timber as inner " filling a vacancy ", form " timber bamboo original-state multidirectional restructuring composite ".
For path bamboo wood, the shape that also whole bamboo woods can be milled into square is recombinated.
When carrying out squareization when restructuring, the length of side of the required bamboo wood unit of assembly can be identical also can be different.In the time that the length of side of several square bamboo wood unit is unequal, between its length of side, preferably become multiple relation.
Have again, also can carry out restructuring as above with regular pentagon or just heptagonal bamboo wood unit.In the time carrying out pentagon bamboo wood reconfiguration of cell, on the bamboo wood ortho states five side's recombinant material cross sections after restructuring, each bamboo wood can leave hole between unit.According to requirements, available filler is filled hole as wood cell or bamboo wood unit, also can retain hole.Also reinforcing bar can be located in this hole, or in hole, fill filler, in this filler, wear lacing wire.Also simultaneously in the hole between bamboo wood unit and wear lacing wire in bamboo wood unit.Like this, can reduce the trouble in ring middle punch, also can effectively utilize this hole.
Numbers of sides on the cross section of bamboo wood unit neither be arbitrarily.If limit number is very little, be for example milled into triangle, just inadvisable, because the wall of bamboo just may be weakened by the destruction of penetrability the performances such as the intensity of its natural structure; If limit number is too many, for example 10 limits or more than, also inadvisable, because side is too short, the adhesive surface that forms restructuring is too little, restructuring bond strength will reduce.
Therefore, the limit number of optimization bamboo wood of the present invention unit regular polygon is 4～8.
Claims (8)
1. a bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material manufacture method, comprise the manufacture of bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material base material and adding of reinforcing material, the manufacture of described base material is by the horizontal and vertical recombined material that is connected to form preseting length and cross-sectional area by the bamboo wood unit of original some maintenances bamboo grown form; Adding of described reinforcing material is at least a portion bamboo wood unit that the lacing wire suitable with described base material length is longitudinally located in to described base material, among four jiaos of the described base material of square contour section and middle described bamboo wood unit, again by this lacing wire tension, form described prestressing force, the two ends of described lacing wire are fixed on to the two ends of base material;
Described reinforcing material also comprises baffle plate, adding in step of described reinforcing material, in the bamboo wood unit of described bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material base material, wear lacing wire, be provided with the described baffle plate for fixing lacing wire at the two ends of described base material, and the two ends of lacing wire be fixed on baffle plate with ground tackle or nut;
Suitable with the cross section of described lacing wire for wearing the cross section, hole in hole that described lacing wire offers on ring in described bamboo wood unit, make it can retain as much as possible ring with the size that wears the through hole on the ring of lacing wire, can through through hole under the prerequisite of lacing wire as far as possible little be principle.
2. according to the bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material manufacture method described in claim l, it is characterized in that: the bamboo wood unit that described bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material base material is regular polygon or regular polygon by some cross sections forms, the processing method of this base material is, on the outer surface of original bamboo, longitudinally process some planes, Formation cross-section is the bamboo wood unit of regular polygon or regular polygon, on the lateral surface of two bamboo wood unit transverse contacts, be coated with adhesive layer, by this adhesive layer, some these bamboo wood unit lateral surface bondings are fixed together, form widthwise edge opposite side arrangement architecture, realize horizontal arbitrary extension, process finger joint at described two longitudinal links in bamboo wood unit, on the finger joint faying face of bamboo wood unit, be coated with adhesive layer, by this adhesive layer, some these bamboo wood unit joggles are fixed together, realize longitudinally and extending arbitrarily, thereby form base material.
3. according to the bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material manufacture method described in claim l or 2, it is characterized in that: in the processing technology of described bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material, the making step of the bamboo wood unit that forms described bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material base material is comprised:
A. determine bamboo section: the bamboo section that intercepts preseting length from original bamboo;
B. boiling: the operation that described bamboo section is steamed or boiled;
C. dry: the bamboo section after boiling is dried; After dry, the whole moisture content of bamboo section is 5%～20%;
D. milling processing: by the side milling of dry bamboo section, form the bamboo wood unit of regular polygon or regular polygon, to the termination milling finger tenon for longitudinally connecting of bamboo section;
The bamboo wood unit that above-mentioned steps is made carries out assembly: side milling face and finger tenon surface, termination in bamboo wood unit are coated with adhesive, by described bamboo wood unit at horizontal and vertical combination assembly, by cold pressing or hot pressing by some bamboo woods unit bond together form described base material; Or also comprise in described bamboo wood unit manufacture craft:
Determine to add surf green link between bamboo section step and boiling step described, remove by the bamboo green layer on bamboo section outer surface.
4. bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material manufacture method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described prestressing force lacing wire is steel material, nylon, rubber, plastics or composite; And/or described baffle plate is steel material.
5. bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material manufacture method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in the time that lacing wire is set, described lacing wire is fixed on baffle plate by ground tackle, strains this lacing wire when fixing, forms prestressing force; And/or, the termination in lacing wire protruding baffle outside is clipped; Or,
Described lacing wire two ends hitch, is fixed on lacing wire two ends on baffle plate by the nut matching, and strains this lacing wire when fixing, forms prestressing force; And/or, the termination in lacing wire protruding baffle outside is clipped.
6. bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material manufacture method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described some bamboo woods unit is also identical bamboo wood unit of basic identical, the described regular polygon of outline of cross section or the limit number of regular polygon; Or,
Described some bamboo woods unit comprises two groups or more bamboo wood unit, the outline of the cross section of bamboo wood unit size is identical with limit number on the same group, difference is not counted on the outline size of the cross section of bamboo wood unit and/or the limit of regular polygon or regular polygon on the same group, bamboo wood unit forms extend longitudinally structure by mortise structure on the same group, and on the same group or not bamboo wood unit does not form lateral extension structure by lateral surface transverse bonding on the same group; Or,
Described some bamboo woods unit is that the outline of cross section is basic identical, also identical bamboo wood of limit number, in addition, also comprise the outline bamboo wood unit not identical with the outline of the cross section of described bamboo wood unit of one group of some cross section, the space that the outline of its cross section and described bamboo wood unit form between mutually recombinating matches, and is filled in described space; Or,
The outline limit number of the cross section of the bamboo wood unit of described regular polygon is 4～8; Or,
The seam of the longitudinal joggle in described bamboo wood unit is in the transversely staggered discharge of described base material; Or,
Described bamboo wood unit forms bamboo section in non-ring position through the fixed section of sawing; The lateral surface milling of described bamboo section becomes regular polygon, and link is whittled into the finger joint for joggle assembly, forms bamboo wood unit; Or,
The length of side L2 of the outline of the bamboo wood cell cross-section of described regular polygon be called degree of change in many ways with the ratio L2/Ll of the length of side Ll that connects regular polygon in diameter circle, this is degree of change L2/Ll >=40% in many ways; Described in each, bamboo section is divided at least one group, and the average diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground error of bamboo section in is on the same group within ± 15mm; The diameter at described bamboo section two ends is poor within ± l0mm.
7. bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material manufacture method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the outline limit number of the cross section of described bamboo wood unit is 6, and described in each, the outline of bamboo wood cell cross-section is regular hexagon; Its cross section, according to cellular discharge arranged side by side, forms cross section arbitrary extension by described adhesive layer bonding; The bamboo wood unit of described regular hexagon forms length by described mortise structure and the longitudinal joggle bonding of described adhesive layer and extends arbitrarily; Or,
Described bamboo wood unit comprises the bamboo wood unit of one group of some octagon and the bamboo wood unit of one group of some square, the length of side correspondent equal of the length of side of the cross section outline of the bamboo wood unit of this square and the cross section outline of the bamboo wood unit of described octagon or become multiple, makes described square bamboo wood unit be placed in the hole of the quadrangular section after described octagon bamboo wood unit bonding; Or,
Described bamboo wood unit comprises the bamboo wood unit of two groups of each some squares, and the length of side of respectively organizing bamboo wood unit is different or identical.
8. bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material manufacture method according to claim 3, is characterized in that:
In the cooking process of B step, bamboo section is placed in to alum solution and carries out boiling; Or, bamboo section is placed in to the container of HTHP, carry out alum solution boiling 4-6 hour; Or, in water, adding alum, heated solution, finally forms the saturated alum solution of boiling water, and bamboo section is inserted in boiling water solution, and 100 DEG C～200 DEG C of temperature, boiling 4-6 hour under pressure 0.lMPa～1.6MPa condition, then takes out and carries out lower step drying steps;
In the drying process of C step, bamboo section is placed in to steaming of wood kiln and carries out low temperature drying, baking temperature is 30 ~ 50 DEG C;
And/or,
In the milling manufacturing procedure of D step, milling finger tenon and milling regular polygon face processing technology order are interconvertible;
And/or,
In described assembly operation, described vertical and horizontal assembly order is interconvertible.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200910203495.7A CN101885199B (en) | 2009-05-14 | 2009-05-27 | Method for manufacturing bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material |
| PCT/CN2009/072067 WO2010020131A1 (en) | 2008-08-22 | 2009-06-01 | A pre-stress beam provided in recombined synusiologic bamboo and a manufacturing method thereof |
| US13/059,697 US20110151172A1 (en) | 2008-08-22 | 2009-06-01 | Prestress structural material formed by reorganization with polygonal original bamboo and the manufacturing method |
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| CN200910203495.7A CN101885199B (en) | 2009-05-14 | 2009-05-27 | Method for manufacturing bamboo original-state multidirectional recombined pre-stress structural material |
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| CN103249532A (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2013-08-14 | 光洋产业株式会社 | A bamboo board and a composite board and fabrication method for same |
| CN103240783A (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2013-08-14 | 白建国 | Production method of recombined bamboo pipe |
| CN107214781B (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2023-06-02 | 广西南宁侨盛木业有限责任公司 | Thin strip type solid wood composite integrated material |
| CN109203599B (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2023-12-12 | 浙江农林大学暨阳学院 | Bamboo tube reinforced plastic compound and its production process |
| CN109696355B (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2021-04-13 | 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 | Method for measuring long-term tensile strength of bamboo wood with recombined composite structure |
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