CN101884264A - Reverse slope zone-opening rain-fed forestation method - Google Patents
Reverse slope zone-opening rain-fed forestation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101884264A CN101884264A CN2010102172678A CN201010217267A CN101884264A CN 101884264 A CN101884264 A CN 101884264A CN 2010102172678 A CN2010102172678 A CN 2010102172678A CN 201010217267 A CN201010217267 A CN 201010217267A CN 101884264 A CN101884264 A CN 101884264A
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a reverse lope zone-opening rain-fed forestation method, which belongs to the technical field of water-saving agriculture and is suitable for forestation on a dry slope land without an irrigation water source. The method comprises reverse slope zone opening, wherein the reverse slope zone opening is to open a reverse slope zone along a contour line of a forestation slope land; the zone width of the reverse slope zone is 180 to 220cm; the outer edge of the reverse slope zone is 20 to 30cm higher than the inner edge of the reverse slope zone; the reverse slope zone and a side slope of a hillside form a reverse slope; the reverse slope zone is a planting zone; planting ponds for planting trees are dug on the reverse slope zone; and soil in the plating ponds is 15 to 20cm lower than the soil surface of the reverse slope zone. Due to the adoption of the method of the invention, under the condition of no irrigation water source, the survival rate of nursery stocks for forestation reaches 97 to 98 percent, which is improved by 28 to 34 percent; the rate of keeping seedlings reaches 90 to 94 percent, which is improved by 29 to 30 percent; and the year increment of tree height of the nursery stocks reaches 1.26 to 1.32m, which is improved by 94 to 129 percent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the water-saving agricultural technology field, be specifically related to method at the arid hillside field reverse slope zone-opening rain-fed forestation of no source of irrigation water.
Background technology
Jinsha jiang River dry-hot valley climatic characteristic can be summarized with two words, promptly " does " and " heat ".Wherein river valley, downstream, Jinsha jiang River area year 20～23 ℃ of sammings, the accumulated temperature more than 10 ℃ reaches 7800～8800 ℃, annual precipitation 600～800mm, and year evaporation discharge 2600～3800mm, a year evaporation discharge is more than 3 times of annual precipitation.Dry season (November～May next year), precipitation only was annual 10.0%～22.2%, precipitation is few, the hydro-thermal balance is seriously lacked of proper care, and Jinsha jiang River dry-hot valley belongs to the above degeneration of moderate waste hillside more, and soil types has dry red soil, brown red soil, red earth, purple soil etc., based on dry red soil, a little less than the anti-evaporating ability, the afforestation difficulty is big, so fully accumulate rainwater in these areas, increase soil infiltration, reducing water evaporates is the key of this area's afforestation success or not.
Yet, in the prior art, in the arid hillside field afforestation process of these no source of irrigation water, existing and open with mild technological deficiency, the trees of plantation are moisture and survival rate has only 60%～70% for want of; The trees of survival are because the nutrient absorption difficulty, poor growth, and nursery stock height of tree year increment only has 0.5～0.7m.
Therefore,, the present invention proposes a kind of method of reverse slope zone-opening rain-fed forestation, also test successfully with seeds such as this method plantation Jatropha curcas in the dry-hot valley basin at the technical problem in the above-mentioned afforestation.
Jatropha curcas (Jatropha curcas) is distributed widely in the torrid zone or subtropical zone, the oil content of jatropha curcas seed is up to 60～80%, be called " biodiesel " or " diesel oil tree ", also application potential is arranged at aspects such as medicine, chemical industry, organic agricultural chemicals, feed, fertilizers, therefore Jatropha curcas has been converted to economic tree from simple ecological seeds, solve the water shortage problem of Jatropha curcas, increase output the national economic development is had crucial meaning in the plantation of dry-hot valley basin.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome in the prior art arid hillside field afforestation at no source of irrigation water to exist and open with mild technological deficiency, its objective is the method that a kind of reverse slope zone-opening rain-fed forestation is provided, this method suits no source of irrigation water arid hillside field afforestation plant percent, survival rate of seedlings and growth rate are significantly improved.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme of the inventive method comprises that counter-slope opens band, it is to open the counter-slope band along afforestation hillside fields contour that described counter-slope is opened band, the bandwidth of this counter-slope band is 180～220cm, the outer of counter-slope band is interior along high 20cm～30cm than counter-slope band, and the side slope on counter-slope band and hillside forms the counter-slope shape, and this counter-slope band is a growth belt, dig the plantation pool of kind of tree planting on described counter-slope band, the soil in the plantation pool is lower than the native face 15cm～20cm of counter-slope band.
The specification that the technical scheme of the inventive method also comprises the described plantation pool for long * wide * be 100cm * 100cm * 60cm～140cm * 140cm * 100cm deeply.
The technical scheme of the inventive method also comprises stacks the 0～20cm table soil and the 20～100cm cubsoil that dig out respectively in the plantation pool, allow sunlight its soil that is exposed to the sun, arrived preceding 20 days ± 3 days in rainy season, in every plantation pool with 12kg～16kg fertilizer with the P that contains of mass fraction
2O
5Fused calcium magnesium phosphate 4.5kg～5.5kg of 〉=15% is mixed into and mixes fertilizer, take by weighing quality and be the fertile quality of described mixing 20%～35% described mix fertile with mixes back backfill lower floor in the plantation pool through the table soil that is exposed to the sun, take by weighing quality and be the fertile quality of described mixing 65%～80% described mix the fertile cubsoil that is exposed to the sun with process and mix after backfill upper strata in planting the pool.
The technical scheme of the inventive method is taken out the stage slightly of sending out newly after also being included in seedling planting, every month dressing fertilizer once, open shallow ridges at distance rhizome 15cm～25cm place and impose the nitrate of lime fertilizer 30～40g/ strain that contains N 〉=11% in mass fraction, earthing then, each direction by turns finished until rainy season.
Because the formed counter-slope of the described counter-slope band of the inventive method takes up the effect of having tackled the runoff water in rainy season effectively, suit in the arid hillside field afforestation of no source of irrigation water, so the seeds of its plantation are extensive, comprise arbor or shrub or fruit tree.Described shrub can also be a Jatropha curcas.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the counter-slope of the inventive method is opened and is with formed counter-slope band to tackle the runoff water in rainy season effectively, this counter-slope band plantation Jatropha curcas, make nursery stock under the situation of no any source of irrigation water, the survival rate of afforestation nursery stock reaches 97～98%, and comparison is according to improving 28～34%; Survival rate of seedlings reaches 90～94%, and comparison is according to improving 29～30%; Nursery stock height of tree year increment reaches 1.26～1.32m, and comparison is according to improving 94～129%.
2, the inventive method easy operating, practical.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that counter-slope is opened the band schematic cross-section, and each mark is represented among the figure: 1-counter-slope band; The outer of 2-counter-slope band; The interior edge of 3-counter-slope band; The side slope on 4-hillside; The 5-kind is planted the pool.
Embodiment
Below by the plantation Jatropha curcas specific embodiment further specify the present invention, but embodiment only be used for the explanation, can not limit protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment belongs to the Jatropha curcas afforested project, afforestation place: the Yunnan Province's Yuanmou County in China dry-hot valley area.In conjunction with Fig. 1, Jatropha curcas carries out as follows in plantation:
(1) counter-slope is opened band, promptly opens counter-slope band 1 along afforestation hillside fields contour, and the bandwidth of this counter-slope band 1 is 200cm, and the outer 2 of counter-slope band is interior along 3 high 25cm than counter-slope band, and counter-slope band 1 forms the counter-slope shape with the side slope 4 on hillside, and this counter-slope band 1 is a growth belt; The length of counter-slope band 1 is determined according to what of the sapling of the landform of each bar counter-slope band 1 and plantation; Counter-slope band 1 has been tackled the runoff water in rainy season effectively;
(2) dig the plantation pool: according to length * wide * dig the plantation pool 5 for the specification of 120cm * 120cm * 80cm on counter-slope band 1 deeply, native and 20～80cm cubsoil is stacked respectively with the 0～20cm table that digs out, and allows sunlight its soil that is exposed to the sun treat backfill;
(3) be equipped with fertile backfill, arrived rainy season preceding 20 days, in every plantation pool 5 usefulness 14kg fertilizers and 5kg the P that contains with mass fraction
2O
5〉=15% fused calcium magnesium phosphate is mixed into and mixes fertilizer, take by weighing quality and be the fertile quality of described mixing 25% described mix fertile with mix back backfill lower floor in the plantation pool 5 through the table soil that is exposed to the sun, take by weighing quality and be the fertile quality of described mixing 75% described mix fertile with mix back backfill upper strata in the plantation pool 5 through the cubsoil that is exposed to the sun, backfill soil is lower than the native face 18cm of counter-slope band;
(4) rob the rain field planting, at the end of May to 6 just month rainy season planting stock in the plantation pool 5; Treat to rob the rain planting stock after rainwater makes the soil compaction on the plantation pool 5, can effectively utilize the fully long seedling of rainfall in rainy season to take root like this, keep a full stand of seedings making nursery stock have greatly amount of growth be beneficial to then to cross drought;
(5) cover careless water conservation, it is thick in time to cradle weeds mulching plant pool 37cm behind the seedling planting, and scope is center 2.0m with the tree
2
(6) the short seedling that topdresses is taken out the stage slightly of sending out newly behind seedling planting, every month dressing fertilizer once, open shallow ridges at distance rhizome 20cm place and impose the nitrate of lime fertilizer 35g/ strain that contains N 〉=11% in mass fraction, earthing is rotated direction at every turn then, finishes until rainy season.
Result of the test: at Yunnan Province's Yuanmou County dry-hot valley, in the Jatropha curcas afforestation process of no source of irrigation water, enforcement by the inventive method, effectively tackled the runoff water in rainy season, increased rainwater infiltrating on the tree pool, accumulated more rainwater, made full use of natural precipitation, the moisture that has successfully solved the soil of no source of irrigation water in the afforestation process seriously lacks the problem that nutrient absorption is lacked with water and soil loss, the survival rate (surviving strain number/transplanting strain number * 100%) of afforestation Jatropha curcas nursery stock reaches 97.7%, (survive back 1 month the Jatropha curcas nursery stock measures the situation that survives of Jatropha curcas nursery stock survival rate of seedlings, strain number * 100% that survives strain number/transplant survival when survival rate of seedlings is this mensuration) reaches 93.2%, nursery stock height increment then on average reaches 1.26m, sees table 2 for details.
The implementation result of embodiment 1-embodiment 3 sees table 2 for details.
The different measure of table 1. embodiment 1-embodiment 3
| Measure | Embodiment 1 | |
|
| Counter-slope bandwidth (cm) | ??200 | ??180 | ??220 |
| The outer of counter-slope band is than interior edge high (cm) | ??25 | ??20 | ??30 |
| Plantation pool specification (cm) | ??120×120×80 | ??100×100×60 | ??140×140×100 |
| Measure | Embodiment 1 | |
|
| Be equipped with the every pool of fertile backfill with fertile | 14kg fertilizer and 5kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate are mixed into and mix fertilizer, take by weighing quality and be that 25% described mixing of the fertile quality of described mixing is fertile mixes backfill with table soil, take by weighing quality and be the fertile quality 75% of described mixing described mixing fertilizer and cubsoil mixing backfill; | 12kg fertilizer and 4.5kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate are mixed into and mix fertilizer, take by weighing quality and be that 35% described mixing of the fertile quality of described mixing is fertile mixes backfill with table soil, take by weighing quality and be 65% described mixing fertilizer and cubsoil mixing backfill of the fertile quality of described mixing; | 16kg fertilizer and 5.5kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate are mixed into and mix fertilizer, take by weighing quality and be that 20% described mixing of the fertile quality of described mixing is fertile mixes backfill with table soil, take by weighing quality and be 80% described mixing fertilizer and cubsoil mixing backfill of the fertile quality of described mixing; |
| Backfill soil is lower than the size (cm) of the native face of counter-slope band | ??18 | ??15 | ??20 |
| Rob the rain field planting time | On May 15,11 days～2008 May in 2008 | On June 5,3 days～2008 June in 2008 | On May 30,26 days～2008 May in 2008 |
| Cover careless thickness (cm) | ??37 | ??35 | ??40 |
| Consumption (g/ strain) topdresses | Nitrate of lime fertilizer 35 | Nitrate of lime fertilizer 30 | Nitrate of lime fertilizer 40 |
Fused calcium magnesium phosphate is the P that contains in mass fraction in the table 1
2O
5〉=15% fused calcium magnesium phosphate, topdressing is the nitrate of lime fertilizer that contains N 〉=11% in mass fraction.
The afforestation effect of table 2. embodiment 1-embodiment 3
| Measure | The leprosy sapling quantity (strain) of field planting | Survive seedling (strain) | Survival rate (%) | Survival rate of seedlings (%) | Height of tree mean annual precipitation (m) |
| Embodiment 1 | ??1234 | ??1206 | ??97.7 | ??93.2 | ??1.26 |
| |
??1099 | ??1071 | ??97.5 | ??92.9 | ??1.32 |
| |
??1378 | ??1341 | ??97.3 | ??90.0 | ??1.28 |
| Measure | The leprosy sapling quantity (strain) of field planting | Survive seedling (strain) | Survival rate (%) | Survival rate of seedlings (%) | Height of tree mean annual precipitation (m) |
| Average | ??1237 | ??1206 | ??97.5 | ??94.0 | ??1.29 |
The afforestation place of present embodiment is chosen in Yunnan Province's Yuanmou County in China dry-hot valley area equally.Present embodiment has 3 processing, and the growth belt of each processing is opened the band method and all is: open band along afforestation hillside fields contour, bandwidth 180cm, the extension of band and interior edge at grade, this band is growth belt, digs the pool and plant the Jatropha curcas nursery stock on growth belt; All the other measures of 3 processing are identical with embodiment 1,2,3 respectively, and the effect of 3 processing sees table 3 for details.
The afforestation effect of table 3. embodiment 4 (contrast)
| Measure | The leprosy sapling quantity (strain) of field planting | Survive seedling (strain) | Survival rate (%) | Survival rate of seedlings (%) | Height of tree mean annual precipitation (m) |
| |
??280 | ??176 | ??62.9 | ??61.8 | ??0.63 |
| |
??326 | ??223 | ??68.4 | ??62.2 | ??0.55 |
| |
??372 | ??260 | ??70.0 | ??64.5 | ??0.68 |
| Average | ??326 | ??220 | ??67.5 | ??63.7 | ??0.62 |
The effect of table 4. the inventive method and contrast relatively
| Measure | The leprosy sapling quantity (strain) of field planting | Survival rate (%) | Survival rate of seedlings (%) | Height of tree mean annual precipitation (m) |
| Embodiment 1-3 | ??3711 | ??97.3～97.7 | ??90.0～94.0 | ??1.26～1.32 |
| |
??978 | ??62.9～70.0 | ??61.2～64.5 | ??0.55～0.68 |
| The present invention compares according to improving | ??27.7～34.4 | ??28.8～29.5 | ??94％～129％ |
As can be seen from the above embodiments, under the situation of no any source of irrigation water, utilize the method for reverse slope zone-opening rain-fed forestation of the present invention can fully accumulate rainwater, increase soil infiltration, reduced the evaporation of moisture.The Jatropha curcas shoot survival percent reaches 97～98%, and comparison is according to improving 28～34%; Survival rate of seedlings reaches 90～94%, and comparison is according to improving 29～30%; Nursery stock height of tree year increment reaches 1.26～1.32m, and comparison is according to improving 94～129%.
Claims (8)
1. the method for a reverse slope zone-opening rain-fed forestation, comprise that counter-slope opens band, it is to open counter-slope band (1) along afforestation hillside fields contour that described counter-slope is opened band, the bandwidth of this counter-slope band (1) is 180～220cm, the outer of counter-slope band (2) is than the high 20cm～30cm in interior edge (3) of counter-slope band, counter-slope band (1) forms the counter-slope shape with the side slope (4) on hillside, digs the plantation pool (5) of kind of tree planting on described counter-slope band (1), and the soil in the plantation pool is lower than the native face 15cm～20cm of counter-slope band (1).
2. the method for reverse slope zone-opening rain-fed forestation according to claim 1, the specification on the described plantation pool (5) for long * wide * be 100cm * 100cm * 60cm～140cm * 140cm * 100cm deeply.
3. the method for reverse slope zone-opening rain-fed forestation according to claim 1, comprise and to stack respectively from planting 0～20cm table soil and the 20～100cm cubsoil that dig out (5) in the pool, allow sunlight its soil that is exposed to the sun, arrived preceding 20 days ± 3 days in rainy season, in every plantation pool (5) with 12kg～16kg fertilizer with the P that contains of mass fraction
2O
5Fused calcium magnesium phosphate 4.5kg～5.5kg of 〉=15% is mixed into and mixes fertilizer, take by weighing quality and be the fertile quality of described mixing 20%～35% described mix fertile with mixes back backfill (5) lower floor in the plantation pool through the table soil that is exposed to the sun, take by weighing quality and be the fertile quality of described mixing 65%～80% described mix the fertile cubsoil that is exposed to the sun with process and mix after backfill (5) upper strata in planting the pool.
4. the method for reverse slope zone-opening rain-fed forestation according to claim 1, take out the stage slightly of sending out newly after being included in seedling planting, every month dressing fertilizer once, open shallow ridges at distance rhizome 15cm～25cm place and impose the nitrate of lime fertilizer 30～40g/ strain that contains N 〉=11% in mass fraction, earthing then, each direction by turns finished until rainy season.
5. the method for reverse slope zone-opening rain-fed forestation according to claim 2, comprise and to stack respectively from planting 0～20cm table soil and the 20～100cm cubsoil that dig out (5) in the pool, allow sunlight its soil that is exposed to the sun, arrived preceding 20 days ± 3 days in rainy season, in every plantation pool (5) with 12kg～16kg fertilizer with the P that contains of mass fraction
2O
5Fused calcium magnesium phosphate 4.5kg～5.5kg of 〉=15% is mixed into and mixes fertilizer, take by weighing quality and be the fertile quality of described mixing 20%～35% described mix fertile with mixes back backfill (5) lower floor in the plantation pool through the table soil that is exposed to the sun, take by weighing quality and be the fertile quality of described mixing 65%～80% described mix the fertile cubsoil that is exposed to the sun with process and mix after backfill (5) upper strata in planting the pool.
6. the method for reverse slope zone-opening rain-fed forestation according to claim 3, take out the stage slightly of sending out newly after being included in seedling planting, every month dressing fertilizer once, open shallow ridges at distance rhizome 15cm～25cm place and impose the nitrate of lime fertilizer 30～40g/ strain that contains N 〉=11% in mass fraction, earthing then, each direction by turns finished until rainy season.
7. according to the method for the described reverse slope zone-opening rain-fed forestation of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 4, described kind is planted trees and is arbor or shrub or fruit tree.
8. the method for reverse slope zone-opening rain-fed forestation according to claim 7, described shrub is a Jatropha curcas.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102550157A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2012-07-11 | 北京市农林科学院 | Drainage method for orchard by raising high ridges |
| CN103074900A (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2013-05-01 | 岭南园林股份有限公司 | Ecological restoration method for rocky slope |
| CN109997444A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-07-12 | 西南林业大学 | A method of improving Red Soil Sloping Land soil moisture and utilizes |
| CN113711835A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-11-30 | 棕榈生态城镇发展股份有限公司 | Hillside land greening planting method |
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| JPH10195878A (en) * | 1997-01-15 | 1998-07-28 | Yutaka Fukuzumi | Tree planting method for slope face |
| JP2006342572A (en) * | 2005-06-08 | 2006-12-21 | Mito Green Service:Kk | Seed bedding bedrock holding fixed device and natural restoration slope method |
| CN101292618A (en) * | 2008-05-28 | 2008-10-29 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Method of forestation on Jinshajiang river dry-hot valley partitioned slope horizontal ditch |
| CN101292619A (en) * | 2008-05-28 | 2008-10-29 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Rain cultivation method of forestation on dry-hot valley dryland hillside fields |
| CN101699982A (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2010-05-05 | 甘肃省祁连山水源涵养林研究院 | Method for building drought mountain sabina przewalskii |
| CN101713179A (en) * | 2009-11-23 | 2010-05-26 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Method for reinforcing soil and stabilizing water for runoff pond-grass network in deteriorated mountain land of dry and hot river valley of Chinsha river |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10195878A (en) * | 1997-01-15 | 1998-07-28 | Yutaka Fukuzumi | Tree planting method for slope face |
| JP2006342572A (en) * | 2005-06-08 | 2006-12-21 | Mito Green Service:Kk | Seed bedding bedrock holding fixed device and natural restoration slope method |
| CN101292618A (en) * | 2008-05-28 | 2008-10-29 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Method of forestation on Jinshajiang river dry-hot valley partitioned slope horizontal ditch |
| CN101292619A (en) * | 2008-05-28 | 2008-10-29 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Rain cultivation method of forestation on dry-hot valley dryland hillside fields |
| CN101699982A (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2010-05-05 | 甘肃省祁连山水源涵养林研究院 | Method for building drought mountain sabina przewalskii |
| CN101713179A (en) * | 2009-11-23 | 2010-05-26 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Method for reinforcing soil and stabilizing water for runoff pond-grass network in deteriorated mountain land of dry and hot river valley of Chinsha river |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102550157A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2012-07-11 | 北京市农林科学院 | Drainage method for orchard by raising high ridges |
| CN103074900A (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2013-05-01 | 岭南园林股份有限公司 | Ecological restoration method for rocky slope |
| CN109997444A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-07-12 | 西南林业大学 | A method of improving Red Soil Sloping Land soil moisture and utilizes |
| CN113711835A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-11-30 | 棕榈生态城镇发展股份有限公司 | Hillside land greening planting method |
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