CN101822207B - Construction method of deep-water high-region laminaria culture float raft - Google Patents
Construction method of deep-water high-region laminaria culture float raft Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a construction method of a deep-water high-region laminaria culture float raft, which is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: selecting silt substrates with large water depth and large flow rate as construction territorial waters; selecting hemp ropes with the length of 1.4 to 1.5 times of the water depth and the diameter larger than 22mm or polyethylene ropes with the diameter larger than 23mm to be used as root ropes; selecting wood root pegs with the length between 100 and 130 cm and the diameter between 10 and 25 cm to be fixedly connected with the root ropes; then, using a peg beating machine for ranging the wood root pegs into rows; beating two wood root pegs of each row into the bottom of the construction territorial waters with the raw distance between 4 and 5 m and the distance between two legs in each row between 60 and 70 m; selecting the polyethylene ropes with the diameter larger than 20 mm and the length of 1.02 to 1.05 times of the distance between the two pegs in one row as frame ropes; making both ends of the frame ropes be in lap joint with the free end of the root ropes; selecting 3 to 4 frame head floats to be fixedly tied at the lap joint parts of the root ropes and the frame ropes; selecting a plurality of superficial floats to be hanged and tied on the frame ropes at certain intervals by lengthened superficial floats; and fixedly tying seedling ropes at certain intervals on the adjacent frame ropes by the hanging ropes to construct the deep-water high-region laminaria culture float raft. The invention has the reasonable construction method, and improves the safety of the laminaria production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the breed of a kind of marine alga, especially a kind of construction method of deep-water high-region laminaria culture float raft.
Background technology
We know that sea-tangle is the very high large-scale marine products algae of a kind of nutritive value and economic worth, not only can provide the food of safe green for people, and can extract essential industry raw materials such as algin, iodine, alcohol.The production of sea-tangle has developed into from self-sow and has propagated artificially, has greatly increased the output of sea-tangle, has satisfied people's life and industrial needs.Disclosed artificial cultivating method, as in the CN1013545B application for a patent for invention authorization specification of authorization on August 21st, 1991 bulletin disclosed a kind of " sea-tangle rope binding production method ", the production method of the disclosure is through root rope fixed mount rope by fixing short wooden stake, the frame rope is provided with large-scale cursory, make the frame rope float on the sea, hang two centres of a row through lifting rope between the frame rope and connect to whole seedling rope, accompany the sea-tangle seedling at this Miao Shengshang, and on the seedling rope, change the cursory of different buoyancy with the growing state of sea-tangle frond according to different water temperatures, mention the same light water layer that is subjected to whole piece seedling rope is floating, make the sea-tangle on the whole piece seedling rope be subjected to light even, improve the utility rate of luminous energy of sea-tangle, be beneficial to balanced growth of sea-tangle plant and dry-matter accumulation, improve output.The artificial cultivating method of this sea-tangle is used so far in vast coastal area, is referred to as traditional raft culture method.At present, the raft formula is propagated sea-tangle artificially and is mainly concentrated on China coastal waters and surface waters.In recent years, the phenomenon that cultivates kelp of high density, excess load was very serious, and water environment worsens year by year, various disease frequently takes place, cultured output descends year by year.Its main cause is exactly that marine environment is damaged, and seawer quality generally descends and caused.And deep-water high-region marine site exploitation can be alleviated the pressure in inner bay coastal waters, and the ecotope that improves and recover inner bay, offshore waters is significant.
So-called " deep-water high-region " marine site promptly refers to break away from the bay cape and surrounds, the open marine site of the deep water that not screened by any land bank thing.Its characteristics: the one, the depth of water 30～40M; The 2nd, mean flow rate 〉=65cm/S, Peak Flow Rate 〉=110cm/S; The 3rd, annual wave height 〉=50cm, maximum wave height 〉=6m; The 4th, annual strong wind fate 〉=60 days (more than 8 grades).At the depth of water of deep-water high-region, these characteristics that stream is anxious, the wave is high, wind is many, for the raft culture of carrying out sea-tangle, if adopt the raft shelf structure in traditional raft culture method, its short wooden stake length, root rope length, frame rope length, frame rope spacing, raft frame set up direction, fixed form cursory and the frame rope all can't guarantee the needs of keeping the safety in production.But the deep-water high-region sea water quality is fertile, clean and pollution-free, if overcome the technical barrier of the raft culture safety that exists, will utilize the deep water sea area resource to have meaning energetically to the raising of sea-tangle output, the water environment pressure of alleviating the inner bay coastal waters, expansion.
Summary of the invention
For setting up direction, fixed form cursory and the frame rope, short wooden stake length, root rope length, frame rope length, frame rope spacing, the raft frame that overcomes raft frame in the prior art can't guarantee the deficiency of keeping the safety in production, the invention provides a kind of construction method of deep-water high-region laminaria culture float raft, this construction method is at the natural cause in deep-water high-region marine site and propose, its method is reasonable, can improve the safety of laminaria production.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of construction method of deep-water high-region laminaria culture float raft is characterized in that: comprise following aspect
(1), the selection in marine site
Choose the structure marine site of the substrate of 30～40 meters of the depth of waters, flow velocity 〉=28cm/S≤60cm/S, mud, sand or silt mixing, avoid the area that substrate is sposh or rock as laminaria culture float raft;
(2), the root rope chooses
Choose diameter greater than the rope made of hemp of 22mm or diameter greater than the polyethylene rope of 23mm as the root rope, its length is 1.4～1.5 times of the depth of water;
(3), the root short wooden stake choosing and handling
The folder seedling before 2～3 months, choosing some length is that 100～130cm, diameter are the wooden short wooden stake of 18～25cm, the above-mentioned root rope of choosing is corresponding fixedly connected with the root short wooden stake of choosing respectively, adopt then and beat short wooden stake equipment and become the mode of two of plurality of rows, every row to squeeze into bottom the selected structure marine site according to apportion described short wooden stake, the bottom, marine site is fixing with making up, wherein every row's root short wooden stake is consistent with the fixed-direction and the current direction that make up the bottom, marine site, adjacent row's root short wooden stake spacing is 4～5m, and the spacing of two short wooden stakes of every row is 60～70m;
(4), ledge rope
Choose diameter greater than 20mm, length be 1.02～1.05 times polyethylene rope of two short wooden stake spacings of every row as the frame rope, the corresponding respectively overlap joint in the two ends of this rope is fixed on above-mentioned and the fixedly connected root rope free end of root short wooden stake;
(5), be that the frame head floats
The cursory system that chooses 3～4 buoyancy and be 10～15kg is solid on the two ends of the above-mentioned frame rope that is connected with root rope free end;
(6), it is cursory hanging
Cursory evenly being hung by spacing 2～3m by the conventional cursory rope that prolongs respectively of choosing some buoyancy and be 10～15kg lies on the frame rope, make the frame rope under the water surface, and a kind of free shape of formation is cursory on cursory the bubbling through the water column with not ing;
(7), hanging is the seedling rope
But on adjacent frame rope, connect to the conventional seedling rope of integral body clamping sea-tangle seedling by the spacing of 0.5～0.8m by solid two centres of conventional lifting rope collateral series successively, the deep-water high-region laminaria culture float raft that promptly build up big root short wooden stake, long root rope, short frame rope, little distance, following current frame, dissociates and float.
Described the cursory routine that is tied on the frame rope is prolonged cursory rope, its length can be carried out timely adjustment according to the growing state of weather condition and sea-tangle frond, i.e. the binding of this cursory rope and frame rope is adjustable binding.
The conventional lifting rope of the conventional seedling rope of described binding, its length can be carried out timely adjustment according to the growing state of sea-tangle frond, i.e. and the binding of this lifting rope and seedling rope is adjustable binding.
Described apportion becomes the root short wooden stake of plurality of rows, and it is in 1～4 row who makes up the outside, marine site, and the root short wooden stake at every row two ends is two.
Owing to made the root short wooden stake in 2～3 months before the folder seedling, make wooden short wooden stake imbibition in the technical scheme of the present invention, fully heal with the seabed, " burning nest " that promptly is commonly called as can be guaranteed the crystallized ability of root short wooden stake; Adopt long root rope can make the root short wooden stake under stormy waves impacts, be subjected to force direction, avoid the root short wooden stake to be pulled up by changing oblique loading vertically upward into; The raft shelf structure of short frame rope, little distance, following current frame can effectively reduce the stormy waves resistance that the raft frame is born, thereby further subdues the stressed of root short wooden stake; Because under the stormy waves weather, the water layer motion more than 2 meters is the most violent, and the present invention adopts on the frame rope and prolonging rope and bind cursory and free shape formation is cursory, and the frame rope that makes the raft frame can make the raft frame avoid the attack of strong wind not under the water surface as far as possible, ensures safety in production.Experiment records: the tradition of deep-water high-region laminaria culture float raft of the present invention and coastal waters, inner bay is cultured used raft frame under same strong wind attacks, and it is low that it always pulls out the short wooden stake rate, sea-tangle output height.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is a kind of front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the side direction view of Fig. 1.
Among the figure: 1. marine site, a 2. short wooden stake, a 3. rope, 4. a head floats, and 5. a rope 6. hangs and floats, 7. cursory rope, 8. lifting rope, 9. seedling rope.
Embodiment
A kind of construction method of deep-water high-region laminaria culture float raft:
1, makes up the selection in marine site
Select the deep-water high-region marine site about the depth of water 30m of mouth door east, Sang Gou gulf, Rongcheng, and carry out flow velocity and substrate measurement.
Flow velocity is the important marine physics index of development raft culture, no matter be that algae or the normal growth of shellfish all need the flow velocity that suits.Show that through a large amount of tests the flow velocity in laminaria culture sea area surpasses 60cm/ after second, its output straight line descends; When flow velocity less than 28cm/ during second, its output also can obviously reduce.Must conscientiously measure so make up the flow velocity in the marine site of deep-water high-region raft frame, to avoid blindly structure.
The seabed is the fixing unique basis of raft frame, and the quality good or not of its substrate directly has influence on the fixing safe coefficient of raft frame, in advance the substrate situation in sea area is found out, and the substrate of selecting mud, sand or silt to mix preferentially makes up, and avoids sposh and rock area as far as possible.In addition, as far as possible will be in flakes, large tracts of land makes up the raft frame on a large scale, big more its safety of scale is good more.
In the present embodiment, in Fig. 1, preferentially select 2000 mu flow velocity in the marine site 1 of 35～55cm/S, silt mixed type substrate as the structure marine site of laminaria culture float raft.
2, the root rope chooses
As shown in Figure 1, root rope 3 is the parts that link root short wooden stake and frame rope, also is the most important parts of raft frame security performance.Because The water is deep and the current fast for marine site, gulf Wai Gao district, high the wave is high for wind, used rope 3 is cannot old generation new or put up with use, must adopt the good new root rope of material.In the present embodiment, root rope 3 materials are selected the Korea rope made of hemp of diameter greater than 22mm for use.
In addition, also can use the polyethylene rope of diameter greater than 23mm.
The length of root rope 3 is directly relevant with the stressed size of root short wooden stake, and length is short more, and under the attack of stormy waves, the force direction that is subjected to of root short wooden stake approaches vertically upward more, and the probability that the root short wooden stake is pulled up is high more; Otherwise the force direction that is subjected to of root short wooden stake is an oblique loading, reduces the probability that the root short wooden stake is pulled up greatly.In the present embodiment, the length of root rope 3 is 1.5 times of the depth of water, gets 45m.
3, the root short wooden stake choosing and handling
Root short wooden stake 2 adopts wooden big short wooden stake, and it is unique stress point of root rope 3 and 1 bottom, marine site, because the deep-water high-region stormy waves is big, so the wooden short wooden stake that the wooden short wooden stake that uses will be more used than common sea area is especially thick.The length of the root short wooden stake of choosing in the present embodiment 2 is that 125cm, diameter are 20cm.
On land, can in advance a fixing hole be bored in root short wooden stake 2 middle parts of choosing, with above-mentioned root rope 3 terminations of choosing pass make a call to a fast knot behind the fixing hole can root rope 3 and root short wooden stake 2 is fixedly connected, wherein the knot of fast knot footpath will substantially exceed the aperture of fixing hole.
Facts have proved: root short wooden stake 2 is long, thick more again, lays with regard to also being insecure, so must beat in advance, allows its imbibition and seabed fully heal, " the burning nest " that promptly is commonly called as.
In Fig. 1, be to adopt the rocket bar to make the short wooden stake machine at folder seedling first trimester root short wooden stake 2 is squeezed into selected 1 bottom, structure marine site according to two of apportion rows' in a row, every mode in the present embodiment.In Fig. 1, the spacing of two short wooden stakes 2 of every row is 60m.
At the root short wooden stake wind-engaging that is in 1～4 row who makes up 1 outside, marine site, influenced by ocean current very big.As shown in Figure 2, in order to ensure safety in production, in the present embodiment, 2 rows of the periphery, both sides that makes up marine site 1, the root short wooden stake at every row two ends adopts the double joint short wooden stake, and promptly the root short wooden stake 2 at Wai Wei 2 framed bent rope two ends and root rope 3 adopt two mode to fix.
4, ledge rope
In Fig. 1, frame rope 5 is to choose the polyethylene rope of diameter greater than 20mm, and two short wooden stake spacings of its length and every row equate.As shown in Figure 1, the corresponding respectively overlap joint in the two ends of frame rope 5 is fixed in fixedly connected root rope 3 free ends of root short wooden stake 2 on.After frame rope 5 overlap joint is finished, promptly form the raft frame of short frame rope, little distance, following current frame.
Facts have proved: the frame rope 5 of raft frame is long more, and to bear the resistance of stormy waves just big more, thereby make the 2 stressed increases of root short wooden stake, and the probability that typhoon season is pulled out short wooden stake just increases.Therefore, in the present embodiment, frame rope 5 length are controlled to be 60m.
The fixed-direction of every row's root short wooden stake 2 and structure 1 bottom, marine site is the direction of setting up of frame rope 5.The direction of arrow shown in Fig. 1 is current direction.As shown in Figure 1, every row's root short wooden stake 2 is consistent with the fixed-direction and the current direction that make up 1 bottom, marine site in the present embodiment.Can reduce the stamping press of ocean current artificially like this, improve and culture safety coefficient the raft frame.
Frame is apart from referring to distance between the adjacent frame rope, also is the distance between adjacent row's the root short wooden stake.The frame of deep-water high-region is apart from different with coastal waters, inner bay, because coastal waters, inner bay wind rill are little, so can adopt big frame distance.And deep-water high-region stream billow strong wind is big, and excessive frame distance come bigger holding capacity will for root short wooden stake and root rope band, thereby brings unsafe factor.In Fig. 2, the spacing of adjacent row's root short wooden stake 2 is 4m.
5, be that the frame head floats
Among Fig. 1, the frame rope 5 of raft frame should be able to have floating of certain amplitude with stormy waves with root rope 3, and its solution is to be that the frame head floats 4.Promptly be that solid 3～4 buoyancy are the cursory of 10～15kg on the two ends of the frame rope 5 that is connected with root rope 3 free ends.The scheme that present embodiment is selected is to be that to float 4 be the cursory of 3 12kg to solid frame head.It is to lose from seeing in the time of should be able to satisfying advection admittedly on root rope 3 free ends that this head floats 4, floats under the upstream face with root rope 3, frame rope 5 when flowing greatly.
6, it is cursory hanging
In Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the cursory conduct of choosing 24 buoyancy and be 12kg is hung and is floated 6 and be fixed at a certain distance on the frame rope 5.What is called is hung and is floated, be meant that cursory not direct stitch is on frame rope 5, lie on the frame rope 5 but evenly hang by the cursory rope 7 that prolongs, make frame rope 5 not under the water surface, and it is cursory to form a kind of free shape on cursory the bubbling through the water column, its application target is exactly in order to make frame rope 5 avoid the attack of strong wind, to ensure safety in production as far as possible.Hang the spacing of floating 6 in the present embodiment and be controlled at 2.5m.Wherein cursory rope 7 adopts the polyethylene rope of conventional diameter 5mm, the long 1.5m that is controlled at of rope, its extending length can carry out timely adjustment according to the growing state of weather condition and sea-tangle frond, to guarantee safety in production and farthest to improve the utility rate of luminous energy of sea-tangle, be beneficial to balanced growth of sea-tangle plant and dry-matter accumulation, improve sea-tangle output.
7, hanging is the seedling rope
In Fig. 1, Fig. 2, but on adjacent frame rope 5 successively the spacing by 0.5～0.8m adopt two centres of conventional lifting rope 8 parallel bindings to connect to the conventional seedling rope 9 of integral body clamping sea-tangle seedling.In the present embodiment, in Fig. 1, that the spacing of two adjacent lifting ropes 8 adopts is 0.6m.Among Fig. 2, the conventional seedling rope 9 that is adopted is diameter 15mm polyethylene and brown fiber blend rope, connects to integral body by clasp in the middle of the two seedling ropes 9.Conventional lifting rope 8 is the three-ply polythene rope of diameter 5mm, and its length is controlled at 1.5m, and an end of lifting rope 8 tying-up securely must not make it horizontally slip on frame rope 5, loses to prevent lifting rope 8 and seedling rope 9 from twining mutually, wearing and tearing.The binding of the other end of lifting rope 8 and seedling rope 9 can be carried out timely adjustment according to the growing state of sea-tangle frond, to improve the utility rate of luminous energy of sea-tangle, is beneficial to balanced growth of sea-tangle plant and dry-matter accumulation, improves sea-tangle output.
Result of the test:
Employing the invention provides technological means and makes up 2000 mu of deep-water high-region laminaria culture float rafts in the marine site at depth of water 30m place, carries out the deep-water high-region laminaria culture.Be subjected in the breeding process one rare more than 10.5 grades, the strong wind that fitful wind reaches more than 11 grades attacks, of the present invention short wooden stake always pulls out short wooden stake rate 3.5%, the short wooden stake rate of always pulling out 37.8% than coastal waters, inner bay has reduced more than 10 times, the average yield per mu limnetic dry kelp is 2.5 tons then, is coastal waters, more than 2 times of inner bay sea-tangle output.
At present, this deep-water high-region is cultured and has been developed into more than 4000 mu.
Claims (4)
1. the construction method of a deep-water high-region laminaria culture float raft is characterized in that: comprise following aspect
(1), the selection in marine site
Choose the structure marine site of the substrate of 30～40 meters of the depth of waters, 28cm/S≤flow velocity≤60cm/S, mud, sand or silt mixing, avoid the area that substrate is sposh or rock as laminaria culture float raft;
(2), the root rope chooses
Choose diameter greater than the rope made of hemp of 22mm or diameter greater than the polyethylene rope of 23mm as the root rope, its length is 1.4～1.5 times of the depth of water;
(3), the root short wooden stake choosing and handling
The folder seedling before 2～3 months, choosing some length is that 100～130cm, diameter are the wooden short wooden stake of 18～25cm, the above-mentioned root rope of choosing is corresponding fixedly connected with the root short wooden stake of choosing respectively, adopt then and beat short wooden stake equipment and become the mode of two of plurality of rows, every row to squeeze into bottom the selected structure marine site according to apportion described short wooden stake, the bottom, marine site is fixing with making up, wherein every row's root short wooden stake is consistent with the fixed-direction and the current direction that make up the bottom, marine site, adjacent row's root short wooden stake spacing is 4～5m, and the spacing of two short wooden stakes of every row is 60～70m;
(4), ledge rope
Choose diameter greater than 20mm, length be 1.02～1.05 times polyethylene rope of two short wooden stake spacings of every row as the frame rope, the corresponding respectively overlap joint in the two ends of this rope is fixed on above-mentioned and the fixedly connected root rope free end of root short wooden stake;
(5), be that the frame head floats
The cursory system that chooses 3～4 buoyancy and be 10～15kg is solid on the two ends of the above-mentioned frame rope that is connected with root rope free end;
(6), it is cursory hanging
Cursory evenly being hung by spacing 2～3m by the conventional cursory rope that prolongs respectively of choosing some buoyancy and be 10～15kg lies on the frame rope, make the frame rope under the water surface, and a kind of free shape of formation is cursory on cursory the bubbling through the water column with not ing;
(7), hanging is the seedling rope
But on adjacent frame rope, connect to the conventional seedling rope of integral body clamping sea-tangle seedling by the spacing of 0.5～0.8m by solid two centres of conventional lifting rope collateral series successively, the deep-water high-region laminaria culture float raft that promptly build up big root short wooden stake, long root rope, short frame rope, little distance, following current frame, dissociates and float.
2. the construction method of a kind of deep-water high-region laminaria culture float raft according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described the cursory routine that is tied on the frame rope is prolonged cursory rope, its length can be carried out timely adjustment according to the growing state of weather condition and sea-tangle frond, i.e. the binding of this cursory rope and frame rope is adjustable binding.
3. the construction method of a kind of deep-water high-region laminaria culture float raft according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the conventional lifting rope of the conventional seedling rope of described binding, its length can be carried out timely adjustment according to the growing state of sea-tangle frond, i.e. the binding of this lifting rope and seedling rope is adjustable binding.
4. the construction method of a kind of deep-water high-region laminaria culture float raft according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described apportion becomes the root short wooden stake of plurality of rows, and it is in 1～4 row who makes up the outside, marine site, and the root short wooden stake at every row two ends is two.
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| CN104938323B (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2017-04-12 | 宁波大学 | Over-summer seedling culture method for juvenile sporophytes of gulfweeds in mixed water area |
| CN108012917B (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2020-04-24 | 青岛农业大学 | Long seedling rope kelp culture raft frame and culture method thereof |
| CN107197796B (en) * | 2017-07-22 | 2020-08-14 | 苑春亭 | Method for cultivating intertidal zone seawater plankton |
| CN107258529B (en) * | 2017-08-13 | 2020-10-27 | 苑春亭 | Device for culturing seaweed by using seabed soft mud |
| CN109006450A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-12-18 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | A kind of tangleweed keeps hanging raft frame and its application method |
| CN109042284A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-12-21 | 河海大学 | A kind of mooring gear suitable for the plantation of deep water seaweed |
| CN114208656A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-03-22 | 河海大学 | Construction device for dark blue seaweed pasture |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
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Denomination of invention: A construction method of kelp culture raft in deep water and high area Effective date of registration: 20200929 Granted publication date: 20111221 Pledgee: Shandong Rongcheng Rural Commercial Bank Co., Ltd Pledgor: Shandong Haizhibao Seafood Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2020980006595 |