CN107251792A - A kind of Chinese chestnut good quality and high output implantation methods - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of Chinese chestnut good quality and high output implantation methods, a kind of Chinese chestnut good quality and high output implantation methods specifically include following technical step：（One）Select garden building well：Select illumination sufficient, soil layer is deep, soil texture Porous soil；（Two）Planting technique：From the excellent grafting of one-level and plant 10% 15%；（Three）Li Yuan is managed：1. the management of treelet；2. just the management of fruit tree and adult fruit tree is based on flower and fruit protecting；The winter top dressing 3. harvesting Hou Qing gardens, expansion are spreaded manuer in holes.By using technologies such as the excellent grafting of one-level, intensive cultivation Li Yuan, integrated control pest and disease damages, demand of the sapling to water and nutrient is met, is quickly grown up, while reducing Pesticide use amount, reach the purpose for improving quality and greatly improving yield.

Description

A kind of Chinese chestnut good quality and high output implantation methods

Technical field

The present invention relates to field of plant cultivation, and in particular to a kind of Chinese chestnut good quality and high output implantation methods.

Background technology

Chinese chestnut, the plant of Fagaceae Castanea originates in China, the Chinese chestnut tree of most of species is all 20~40 meters high Deciduous tree, only minority is shrub.Chinese chestnut is nutritious, and vitamin C content is more taller than tomato, even more apple More than ten times.Mineral matter in chestnut also very comprehensively, there is potassium, zinc, iron etc., although content is high without fibert, but still than apple etc. Common fruit is much higher, and especially potassium content is higher by 3 times than apple, therefore is loved by people.

For a long time because Chinese chestnut is grown directly from seeds the reasons such as cultivation, the bad, extensive management of kind, it is weak to be gradually presented tree vigo(u)r, disease The phenomenon such as insect pest is more, causes to yield poorly, poor quality, low in economic efficiency, the serious contusion cultivation enthusiasm of orchard worker, therefore Need badly and seek to meet demand of the people to plate to a kind of Chinese chestnut good quality and high output implantation methods.

The content of the invention

The solution of defect regarding to the issue above, the present invention provides a kind of Chinese chestnut good quality and high output implantation methods.

A kind of Chinese chestnut good quality and high output implantation methods, specifically include following technical step：

（One）Select garden building well：1. selecting below 35 degree of the gradient, below 800 meters of height above sea level, illumination is sufficient, and soil thickness >=60 centimetre have Machine matter content >=1%, pH value 5.5 --- 6.5, the soil texture is loose, cadmium≤0.3mg/Kg in soil, total mercury≤0.3mg/Kg, always The mg/Kg of arsenic≤40, lead≤250mg/Kg, chromium≤150mg/Kg, copper≤150mg/Kg；2. field is planned：Larger Li Yuan Planning road is wanted to be laid out, 3-4 capacity of cistern, per 50 mu of cell, are built for 200 cubic metres in irrigating facility and orchard room, small Interval is provided with road；3. planting patterns and density：Plant row is to identical with contour, using isosceles triangle height plant seeding row spacing For 6 meters × 5 meters -5 meters × 4 meters；4. using cave site preparation building well is dug, by distance between rows and hills along slope contour planting pit, field planting acupoint depth is wide For 0.7m × 1.2m, dig cave table soil and separated with cubsoil, annual ploughing deeply is improved the soil after adding, and banding tableland is made into year by year.Dig fixed Plant hole is preferably carried out in the 11-12 months, allows kind of plant hole and surrounding table folk song 2-3 months.One month or so before planting, by wind The table soil changed and rotten turf insert hole bottom, while often spreading manuer in holes into pulverized limestone 1kg, are uniformly applied when returning soil, return soil and arrive During 2/3rds height, often spread manuer in holes into the farm manure 10kg-15kg fully become thoroughly decomposed through retting, add calcium and magnesium phosphorus 1.5kg（Calcium and magnesium phosphorus Fertilizer and farm manure together retting）, farm manure, phosphate fertilizer will impose on the upper strata of planting pit 1/3, the superiors' one layer of table of covering with table soil mixing Soil, the table soil and fertilizer of backfill are higher than pocket 15-20 cm, it is maintained an equal level in sinking in the future and pocket；

（Two）Planting technique：1. selection of seedling：The excellent grafting of annual one-level is preferably selected, while preferential select seedling taking nearby, With planting with lifting, it need to such as arrive and adjust seedling farther out, mulch moisturizing work should be carried out；2. cut root and blade root：Before chestnut sapling field planting, first The root system for selecting the treelet planted is carried out cutting whole, i.e., the damaged portion of treelet root is cut off with skill；Then yellow mud root is used, mud Denseness, is tried to starch with hand, is put with invisible hand to be suitable.3. field planting：Chinese chestnut can be transplanted in autumn or spring, but with the annual 1-2 months To be optimal；A pitting is dug in the planting pit center backfilled, seedling root can be in cave planted agent certainly when hole depth and size are to transplant Peaceful nursery stock rhizome portion is so stretched to be defined.The chestnut sapling for making blade root processing is put into field planting nest center, returned with top layer fine earth Mulch is filled out, steady and sure when banketing, blinding thickness after backfill blinding is steady and sure, root water will be filled thoroughly, then use no more than grafting part Careless overlay tree disk moisturizing；Planted 4. cutting caulody and mending：After treelet is colonized, with secateurs at treelet from the ground 50cm-60cm, and root First Year after top trunk, field planting is cut off according to the turgor of tree bud to be important to strengthen rich water quality management；General planting density is every Hectare 330-495 plants, i.e. distance between rows and hills are 6m × 5m or 5m × 4m, specifically regarding soil fertility, the soil layer depth, main breed growth potential Depending on power, the high soil layer of soil fertility is deep, grows prosperous kind and wants thin planting, on the contrary then relative dense planting；5. managed after planting：Its drought Want timely water drenching；Tree disk ponding will drain in time；It was found that dead seedling wants timely after-culture；The selection and configuration of pollinated variety：High-quality is high Typically should each other it be pollinated using 3-5 excellent Cultivars of Chinese Chestnut in production Chestnut Orchard, distance is advisable for 20m-30m between pollinated variety, awards The selection of powder tree should have higher affinity with main breed；Should be consistent with the florescence of main breed；There should be higher economic valency Value, before correspondence pollinated variety is not selected, can configure the higher local Cultivars of Chinese Chestnut of 2-3 economic value；Pollinizers are planted The ratio for planting quantity and main breed quantity is 10%-15%, and pollinizers should be distributed evenly in whole Li Yuan；

（Three）Li Yuan is managed：1. the management of treelet：（1）Build erosion and torrent control works：Start to cut the earth at the upside 2m of treelet, table Mound is placed on downside, and subsoil piles up the upside on slope, builds up the terraced fields wall of 45 ° -60 ° of gradient, and wall top piles the low bank of earth between fields, and row is excavated at wall bottom Ditch, terraced fields face is organized into inner low outer high inclined plane, makes water and soil flow direction the inside.Topography variation is larger, it is impossible to build horizontal ladder Tian Li gardens, can build compound terrace or fish-scale pit；（2）Intercropping：Childhood Chestnut Orchard plants other crops between answering, to promote Enter soil-ripening and increase is taken in.Between the pulse family class crops of the short bar of crop prioritizing selection planted or leguminous green manure, such as soya bean, grass Wooden slippers etc., also can between plant corn, winterbourne, watermelon, but should try one's best avoid between big the root crop such as cassava, sweet potato etc. of kind amount, with Exempt from native soil hardening；（3）Intensive cultivation weeding：To avoid weeds and Chinese chestnut from striving in fertilizer, annual Ying Dui gardens weedicide is carried out around tree crown Plough 2-3 times, accomplish in tree crown drip without weeds；（4）Fertilising：1. base manure：Annual autumn and winter is in the both sides of Chinese chestnut tree and up and down The wheel change of ends carries out ploughing deeply expansion cave, it is desirable to the wide 40cm in cave, deep 50cm, long depending on tree crown is with size, generally 1m-2m, in cave Weeds table soil is backfilled to 2/3rds, while every plant of application 1kg-1.5kg pulverized limestone, then applies decomposed manure, phosphate fertilizer, cake Fertilizer etc., fertilizer will be mixed thoroughly with soil.The consumption of organic fertilizer is depending on tree body size, and raw every plant of general 3-4 trees apply farm manure 10kg -15kg or paulownia bran 4kg-6kg；2. topdress：Chinese chestnut tree is annual in addition to applying and once weighing fertilizer, and non-result childhood tree also needs every year Root system topdresses before 3 times, i.e. rudiment, the 4-5 months and the 6-7 months, respectively topdresses once, each every plant of complex fertilizer 0.2kg- of use 45% 0.4kg.Childhood bearing-age tree only topdresses once every year, i.e., applied after in annual mid or late May to June, early and middle ten dayses Chinese chestnut bears fruit, often Complex fertilizer or biological organic fertilizer 0.5kg-1kg are applied in strain；Fertilising preferably uses strip groove mode to be applied fertilizer, i.e., in tree crown drip Width about 20cm, deep 15cm, long 1m-2m elongated ditch or annular groove, then by the uniform dispenser of fertilizer and time soil are dug in inner side；Per young Tree leaf stretching period takes out the phase slightly before and should spray a 0.1%-0.2% borax（Boric acid）, 0.2%-0.3% phosphoric acid dichloros potassium, 0.3%-0.4% Urea, 0.4%-0.5% potassium sulfates, calcium superphosphate leachate and various special foliar fertilizers, foliar fertilizer also can be anti-in spraying pesticide Spray is applied when controlling pest and disease damage together, is sprayed based on blade back；（5）Pruning：Pruning principle：1. natural open centre shape is preferably selected It is tree-like with postponing happy two kinds of shape.Chinese chestnut in Dong Po, southeast slope, southwestern slope, ridge, mountain top area preferentially can be opened from delay Heart, and preferably select natural open centre shape in north slope, Northeast Slope and mountain gully area；2. southern Chinese chestnut growing way is more prosperous, by repeatedly short Pinching is cut, multiple branch can be inspired, tree crown is quickly formed, thus the trimming of childhood tree is cut to master with the summer, in pruning method Based on cutting back and pinching, prune off and want to be combined into principle；Shaping and trimming method：The excessively prosperous extension branch of growing way is removed in time and close The thin and delicate branch of collection, makes tree body ventilation and penetrating light, and spring will carry out control shoot and smear tip work, inspire second branch.To wipe out overstocked as early as possible Weak male flower inflorescence is crossed, can cutting back or pinching at female flower inflorescence above 3-4 sections in the fruitful branch of female flower.Do not bloom or open all the year round Opening the prosperous card chestnut of male flower can be hung bundle major branch 1-2 circle with iron wire, or promote flower amount and female flower to be formed using helical form girdling.Iron Silk hangs to prick to be carried out month in and month out in 8-9, is released before next year tree body rudiment.Girdling carves wound in the progress of the 9-10 months, it is impossible to injure wooden Portion；2. the just management of fruit tree and adult fruit tree：Based on flower and fruit protecting：（1）Fertilising spring Hua Qianfei can strain apply urea 300g- 400g and general calcium 200g-300g, and borax 6g-7g is spread fertilizer over the fields on every square metre of ground.1 0.2% borax soln of every 10 days of florescence spray, 0.3% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor, even spray twice, to improve phase fruit-setting rate.Sprayed in fruit growth period every 20 days 1 0.3% urea, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, to promote branches and leaves and fruit development.July the luxuriant expanding stage of fruit, strain apply fruit-promoting fertilizer, Three element compound fertilizer 0.7kg-1kg.In the area that often fat source is sufficient, rainy season directly can push green manure in tree, every plant is set greatly 100kg-150kg, middle treelet 50kg, based on the tender leaf of false indigo, the twigs of the chaste tree and mountain grass, are cut up with a hay cutter broken, are dug at tree crown periphery Branches and leaves are embedded in ditch by one 60cm depth, ditch wide 30cm, layering, can increase the soil organism, improve soil texture, strengthen bacterium Root growth and absorbability, improve soil water storage fertilizer-preserving ability；（2）Fruit retention：Chinese chestnut is should in geitonogamy fruit tree, orchard Two or more pollinated variety is planted, with profit pollination；During single varieties, can artificial pollination fruit retention, full-bloom stage is in without morning rainy day 10 When before or during afternoon 3 after gather male flower artificial pollination, tree body compared with or the height of tree it is big when, the starch that 3-4 times can be loaded in mixture with gauze bag exists Shake pollination in tree crown, pollinated 1 time per 3-4 days, double.Timely fruit thinning is wanted when Chinese chestnut bears fruit more, leaf-fruit ratio control exists 20:1-25:1.Can be stayed on middle fruit spur and 2-3 fruit bud is stayed on 1-2 fruit bud, flowers and fruits branch, growth it is strong stay middle part really, fruit spur Tip fruit, dredges and goes small-sized, lopsided, overstocked, disease pest and empty bud fruit；（3）Pest control treatment：Carry out and put prevention first first, focus on quarantine Work, forbids quarantine pest and disease damage to travel to this area；Secondly, do integrated control well, based on cultural control, reduce chemical drugs Agent is prevented and treated, and the natural enemy during Shi Li gardens are ecological is adequately protected, and insect is controlled；Reasonable employment agricultural chemicals optimum period, is prevented and treated again, The weak period medication of disease pest is selected, Pesticide use number of times is reduced as far as possible；3. managed after harvesting：(1) clear garden：After fruit picking should and Shi Qingyuan, cuts off deadwood, sick branch, eliminates the disease pest branches and leaves come off on the ground, to aging, preferably in a planned way carries out branch group Retraction, rejuvenating；(2) winter top dressing of spreading manuer in holes is expanded：Specific practice is that the few place of root is dug inwards at tree crown, and plane is more to radicula Untill place, note hindering less more than 0.5cm thick root；Depth is advisable with 60cm-80cm, and the gravel dug, stone are directly sorted out, changed Into good soil.Meanwhile, the organic substances such as weeds, fallen leaves, soddy soil, green manure should be pressed into cave, increase the soil organism, apply simultaneously Enter based on organic fertilizer, the raw tree of general 8-10, every plant of ditch manuring 50kg or so, urea 0.5kg；The tree of more than 10 years presses result Measure and suitably increase fertilizer amount, every plant is set greatly within more than 25 years and be not less than 150kg.

Beneficial effect of the present invention：A kind of Chinese chestnut good quality and high output implantation methods are by using the excellent grafting of one-level, intensive cultivation chestnut The technologies such as garden, integrated control pest and disease damage, meet demand of the sapling to water and nutrient, quickly grow up, while reducing Pesticide use Amount, reaches the purpose for improving quality and greatly improving yield.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of Chinese chestnut good quality and high output implantation methods, specifically include following technical step：

（One）Select garden building well：1. selecting below 35 degree of the gradient, below 800 meters of height above sea level, illumination is sufficient, and soil thickness >=60 centimetre have Machine matter content >=1%, pH value 5.5 --- 6.5, the soil texture is loose, cadmium≤0.3mg/Kg in soil, total mercury≤0.3mg/Kg, always The mg/Kg of arsenic≤40, lead≤250mg/Kg, chromium≤150mg/Kg, copper≤150mg/Kg；2. field is planned：Larger Li Yuan Planning road is wanted to be laid out, 3-4 capacity of cistern, per 50 mu of cell, are built for 200 cubic metres in irrigating facility and orchard room, small Interval is provided with road；3. planting patterns and density：Plant row is to identical with contour, using isosceles triangle height plant seeding row spacing For 6 meters × 5 meters -5 meters × 4 meters；4. using cave site preparation building well is dug, by distance between rows and hills along slope contour planting pit, field planting acupoint depth is wide For 0.7m × 1.2m, dig cave table soil and separated with cubsoil, annual ploughing deeply is improved the soil after adding, and banding tableland is made into year by year；Dig fixed Plant hole is preferably carried out in the 11-12 months, allows kind of plant hole and surrounding table folk song 2-3 months, one month or so before planting, by wind The table soil changed and rotten turf insert hole bottom, while often spreading manuer in holes into pulverized limestone 1kg, are uniformly applied when returning soil, return soil and arrive During 2/3rds height, often spread manuer in holes into the farm manure 10kg-15kg fully become thoroughly decomposed through retting, add calcium and magnesium phosphorus 1.5kg（Calcium and magnesium phosphorus Fertilizer and farm manure together retting）, farm manure, phosphate fertilizer will impose on the upper strata of planting pit 1/3, the superiors' one layer of table of covering with table soil mixing Soil, the table soil and fertilizer of backfill are higher than pocket 15-20 cm, it is maintained an equal level in sinking in the future and pocket；

（Two）Planting technique：1. selection of seedling：The excellent grafting of annual one-level is preferably selected, while preferential select seedling taking nearby, With planting with lifting, it need to such as arrive and adjust seedling farther out, mulch moisturizing work should be carried out；2. cut root and blade root：Before chestnut sapling field planting, first The root system for selecting the treelet planted is carried out cutting whole, i.e., the damaged portion of treelet root is cut off with skill；Then yellow mud root is used, mud Denseness, is tried to starch with hand, is put with invisible hand to be suitable；3. field planting：Chinese chestnut can be transplanted in autumn or spring, but with the annual 1-2 months To be optimal；A pitting is dug in the planting pit backfilled, seedling root can be natural in cave planted agent when hole depth and size are to transplant Stretching, extension is defined；The chestnut sapling for making blade root processing is put into field planting nest center, mulch is backfilled with top layer fine earth, is stepped on when banketing Real, blinding thickness is no more than grafting part, after backfill blinding is steady and sure, to fill root water thoroughly, then with careless overlay tree disk moisturizing；4. Cut caulody and mend and plant：After treelet is colonized, with secateurs at treelet from the ground 50cm-60cm, and according to the turgor of tree bud First Year after top trunk, field planting is cut off to be important to strengthen rich water quality management；General planting density is 330-495 plants of per hectare, i.e., Distance between rows and hills is 6m × 5m or 5m × 4m, specifically regarding soil fertility, the soil layer depth, depending on main breed growth potential is strong and weak, soil fertilizer The high soil layer of power is deep, grows prosperous kind and wants thin planting, on the contrary then relative dense planting；5. managed after planting：Its drought wants timely water drenching；Set disk Ponding will drain in time；It was found that dead seedling wants timely after-culture；The selection and configuration of pollinated variety：Typically should in good quality and high output Chestnut Orchard Pollinated each other using 3-5 excellent Cultivars of Chinese Chestnut, distance is advisable for 20m-30m between pollinated variety, the selection Ying Yuzhu of pollinizers Planting kind has higher affinity；Should be consistent with the florescence of main breed；There should be higher economic value, be awarded not selecting correspondence Before powder kind, the higher local Cultivars of Chinese Chestnut of 2-3 economic value can be configured；Pollinizers transplant quantity and main breed number The ratio of amount is 10%-15%, and pollinizers should be distributed evenly in whole Li Yuan；

（Three）Li Yuan is managed：1. the management of treelet：（1）Build erosion and torrent control works：Start to cut the earth at the upside 2m of treelet, table Mound is placed on downside, and subsoil piles up the upside on slope, builds up the terraced fields wall of 45 ° -60 ° of gradient, and wall top piles the low bank of earth between fields, and row is excavated at wall bottom Ditch, terraced fields face is organized into inner low outer high inclined plane, makes water and soil flow direction the inside；Topography variation is larger, it is impossible to build horizontal ladder Tian Li gardens, can build compound terrace or fish-scale pit；（2）Intercropping：Childhood Chestnut Orchard plants other crops between answering, to promote Enter soil-ripening and increase is taken in；Between the pulse family class crops of the short bar of crop prioritizing selection planted or leguminous green manure, such as soya bean, grass Wooden slippers etc., also can between plant corn, winterbourne, watermelon, but should try one's best avoid between big the root crop such as cassava, sweet potato etc. of kind amount, with Exempt from native soil hardening；（3）Intensive cultivation weeding：To avoid weeds and Chinese chestnut from striving in fertilizer, annual Ying Dui gardens weedicide is carried out around tree crown Plough 2-3 times, accomplish in tree crown drip without weeds；（4）Fertilising：1. base manure：Annual autumn and winter is in the both sides of Chinese chestnut tree and up and down The wheel change of ends carries out ploughing deeply expansion cave, it is desirable to the wide 40cm in cave, deep 50cm, long depending on tree crown is with size, generally 1m-2m, in cave Weeds table soil is backfilled to 2/3rds, while every plant of application 1kg-1.5kg pulverized limestone, then applies decomposed manure, phosphate fertilizer, cake Fertilizer etc., fertilizer will be mixed thoroughly with soil；The consumption of organic fertilizer is depending on tree body size, and raw every plant of general 3-4 trees apply farm manure 10kg -15kg or paulownia bran 4kg-6kg；2. topdress：Chinese chestnut tree is annual in addition to applying and once weighing fertilizer, and non-result childhood tree also needs every year Root system topdresses before 3 times, i.e. rudiment, the 4-5 months and the 6-7 months, respectively topdresses once, each every plant of complex fertilizer 0.2kg- of use 45% 0.4kg；Childhood bearing-age tree only topdresses once every year, i.e., applied after in annual mid or late May to June, early and middle ten dayses Chinese chestnut bears fruit, often Complex fertilizer or biological organic fertilizer 0.5kg-1kg are applied in strain；Fertilising preferably uses strip groove mode to be applied fertilizer, i.e., in tree crown drip Width about 20cm, deep 15cm, long 1m-2m elongated ditch or annular groove, then by the uniform dispenser of fertilizer and time soil are dug in inner side；Per young Tree leaf stretching period takes out the phase slightly before and should spray a 0.1%-0.2% borax（Boric acid）, 0.2%-0.3% phosphoric acid dichloros potassium, 0.3%-0.4% Urea, 0.4%-0.5% potassium sulfates, calcium superphosphate leachate and various special foliar fertilizers, foliar fertilizer also can be anti-in spraying pesticide Spray is applied when controlling pest and disease damage together, is sprayed based on blade back；（5）Pruning：Pruning principle：1. natural open centre shape is preferably selected It is tree-like with postponing happy two kinds of shape；Chinese chestnut in Dong Po, southeast slope, southwestern slope, ridge, mountain top area preferentially can be opened from delay Heart, and preferably select natural open centre shape in north slope, Northeast Slope and mountain gully area；2. southern Chinese chestnut growing way is more prosperous, by repeatedly short Pinching is cut, multiple branch can be inspired, tree crown is quickly formed, thus the trimming of childhood tree is cut to master with the summer, in pruning method Based on cutting back and pinching, prune off and want to be combined into principle；Shaping and trimming method：The excessively prosperous extension branch of growing way is removed in time and close The thin and delicate branch of collection, makes tree body ventilation and penetrating light, and spring will carry out control shoot and smear tip work, inspire second branch；To wipe out overstocked as early as possible Weak male flower inflorescence is crossed, can cutting back or pinching at female flower inflorescence above 3-4 sections in the fruitful branch of female flower；Do not bloom or open all the year round Opening the prosperous card chestnut of male flower can be hung bundle major branch 1-2 circle with iron wire, or promote flower amount and female flower to be formed using helical form girdling；Iron Silk hangs to prick to be carried out month in and month out in 8-9, is released before next year tree body rudiment；Girdling carves wound in the progress of the 9-10 months, it is impossible to injure wooden Portion；2. the just management of fruit tree and adult fruit tree：Based on flower and fruit protecting：（1）Fertilising spring Hua Qianfei can strain apply urea 300g- 400g and general calcium 200g-300g, and borax 6g-7g is spread fertilizer over the fields on every square metre of ground；1 0.2% borax soln of every 10 days of florescence spray, 0.3% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor, even spray twice, to improve phase fruit-setting rate；Sprayed in fruit growth period every 20 days 1 0.3% urea, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, to promote branches and leaves and fruit development；July the luxuriant expanding stage of fruit, strain apply fruit-promoting fertilizer, Three element compound fertilizer 0.7kg-1kg；In the area that often fat source is sufficient, rainy season directly can push green manure in tree, every plant is set greatly 100kg-150kg, middle treelet 50kg, based on the tender leaf of false indigo, the twigs of the chaste tree and mountain grass, are cut up with a hay cutter broken, are dug at tree crown periphery Branches and leaves are embedded in ditch by one 60cm depth, ditch wide 30cm, layering, can increase the soil organism, improve soil texture, strengthen bacterium Root growth and absorbability, improve soil water storage fertilizer-preserving ability；（2）Fruit retention：Chinese chestnut is should in geitonogamy fruit tree, orchard Two or more pollinated variety is planted, with profit pollination；During single varieties, can artificial pollination fruit retention, full-bloom stage is in without morning rainy day 10 When before or during afternoon 3 after gather male flower artificial pollination, tree body compared with or the height of tree it is big when, the starch that 3-4 times can be loaded in mixture with gauze bag exists Shake pollination in tree crown, pollinated 1 time per 3-4 days, double；Timely fruit thinning is wanted when Chinese chestnut bears fruit more, leaf-fruit ratio control exists 20:1-25:1；Can be stayed on middle fruit spur and 2-3 fruit bud is stayed on 1-2 fruit bud, flowers and fruits branch, growth it is strong stay middle part really, fruit spur Tip fruit, dredges and goes small-sized, lopsided, overstocked, disease pest and empty bud fruit；（3）Pest control treatment：Carry out and put prevention first first, focus on quarantine Work, forbids quarantine pest and disease damage to travel to this area；Secondly, do integrated control well, based on cultural control, reduce chemical drugs Agent is prevented and treated, and the natural enemy during Shi Li gardens are ecological is adequately protected, and insect is controlled；Reasonable employment agricultural chemicals optimum period, is prevented and treated again, The weak period medication of disease pest is selected, Pesticide use number of times is reduced as far as possible；3. managed after harvesting：(1) clear garden：After fruit picking should and Shi Qingyuan, cuts off deadwood, sick branch, eliminates the disease pest branches and leaves come off on the ground, to aging, preferably in a planned way carries out branch group Retraction, rejuvenating；(2) winter top dressing of spreading manuer in holes is expanded：Specific practice is that the few place of root is dug inwards at tree crown, and plane is more to radicula Untill place, note hindering less more than 0.5cm thick root；Depth is advisable with 60cm-80cm, and the gravel dug, stone are directly sorted out, changed Into good soil；Meanwhile, the organic substances such as weeds, fallen leaves, soddy soil, green manure should be pressed into cave, increase the soil organism, apply simultaneously Enter based on organic fertilizer, the raw tree of general 8-10, every plant of ditch manuring 50kg or so, urea 0.5kg；The tree of more than 10 years presses result Measure and suitably increase fertilizer amount, every plant is set greatly within more than 25 years and be not less than 150kg.

2. a kind of Chinese chestnut good quality and high output implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the technical step （Two）Preferably select the excellent grafting of annual one-level；（Three）Intensive cultivation Li Yuan.