CN101813953A - Aluminum alloy semisolid remelting and heating control method and device based on infrared temperature measurement - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy semisolid remelting and heating control method and device based on infrared temperature measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN101813953A CN101813953A CN 201010158205 CN201010158205A CN101813953A CN 101813953 A CN101813953 A CN 101813953A CN 201010158205 CN201010158205 CN 201010158205 CN 201010158205 A CN201010158205 A CN 201010158205A CN 101813953 A CN101813953 A CN 101813953A
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Abstract
The invention discloses aluminum alloy semisolid remelting and heating control method and device based on infrared temperature measurement. An infrared temperature measurer is aligned with the center position of the surface of a semisolid blank and is communicated with a microcomputer through a USB port; one-line receiving and processing of temperature data are realized in the computer by software program, a temperature change curve is displayed in real time, and a control signal is output to an inductance heater. Aiming at an aluminum alloy semisolid blank, a multi-step method is adopted for remelting and heating, the temperature change curve is monitored by using the infrared temperature measurer, and the purpose of accurately controlling blank liquid is achieved by using blank phase change characteristics. The invention realizes non-contact measurement control on a semisolid remelting and heating phase ratio of the aluminum alloy blank, promotes the semisolid metal thixoforming technology, avoids the troubles of drilling and the like caused by contact temperature measurement, lowers the equipment cost, and improves the process efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the metal material forming technique, relate in particular to a kind of aluminum alloy semisolid remelting method for heating and controlling and device based on infrared measurement of temperature.
Background technology
Early 1970s, the scientist of Massachusetts Institute Technology has found that first metal is in the rheological property under the semi-solid state, and developed the semi-solid metal forming technology, this technology is between solid metallic shaping and liquid metal shaping, casting and plastic forming process advantage have been merged, have remarkable advantages such as efficient, energy-conservation, be considered to one of the most rising near-net-shape technology of 21 century.The Semi-Solid Metals Forming technology all is subjected to common concern in scientific research and commercial production in recent years, and its achievement in research has obtained in the part processing in auto industry largely and used.In the selected material of present Semi-Solid Metals Forming, (especially A356 A357) relies on its bigger solid-liquid coexistence and good forming property to alsimay, becomes the most important and common material of this technology.
The technology of Semi-Solid Metals Forming can be divided into two kinds of thixotropic forming and rheological moldings, wherein rheological molding is meant and will directly carries out semi-solid processing under the condition of its semi-solid temperature of maintenance through stirring the semi-solid metal slurry that obtains, and thixotropic forming be meant the semi solid slurry cooled and solidified become blank after, according to the product size blanking, reheat semi-solid temperature again, form processing then.The thixotropic forming technological process is long, but it is convenient to organize specialized production, and quality is convenient to control, thereby becomes the emphasis of semi-solid state forming technique research, most technologies that adopt thixotropic forming in existing research and commercial Application.
The technological process of semi-solid-state metal thixotropic forming generally comprises: semi-solid blank preparation, blank transportation cutting, remelting heating and thixotropic forming.Wherein can the control of the liquid fraction of remelting heating be the key that successfully carry out final thixotropic forming, if liquid fraction is too high, blank produces " resembling foot " phenomenon, and cause and be difficult to carrying; If instead liquid fraction is low excessively, then the required load of post forming will increase greatly, lose the advantage of semi-solid-state shaping.Be advisable when therefore, general control blank liquid fraction is for 40-50% in remelting heating process.
The liquid fraction control method of the heating of semi-solid-state metal remelting at present mainly contains: thermocouple thermometry, prong are invaded method, heat energy control method, coil-induced method, sound pressure method etc.
Thermocouple thermometry is a liquid fraction control method the most frequently used in the semi-soild-state technology experimental study, directly measures the temperature of semi-solid blank by thermopair, and then reaches the purpose of control liquid fraction, has directly perceived, accurate, continuous advantage.The disadvantage of thermocouple thermometry is all need hole on every compact material, and internal surface of hole easy oxidation when heating reduces the inherent quality of blank, and picks and places the technological operation trouble of thermopair on every compact material, is not suitable for high efficiency production control.Therefore, thermocouple thermometry only is fit to experimental study, is difficult to enter commercial Application.
Prong intrusion method adopts the prong of constant weight and shape to thrust the semi-solid blank surface, because prong thrusts the speed and the semi-solid liquid fraction on surface correspondence is preferably arranged, by the empirical curve that contrast obtains in advance, can reach the purpose of control blank liquid fraction.This method is directly perceived, simple, but the process of thrusting forms aperture, and the oxidation of hole inside surface reduces the blank quality, and through behind the one-shot measurement as need to measure once more and also need thrust in zones of different, brings inconvenience.
Heat energy control method is a kind of open-loop control method commonly used, and this method heats with fixing heating power, the workpiece of time for fixed measure by empirical data, expects the liquid fraction that obtains being scheduled to fixing heat energy.This method is simple, convenient, cost is low, yet this method control accuracy is not high, and is very high for blank and environmental requirement thereof, and condition changing will cause the control failure, produce waste product.
Coil-induced ratio juris be metal stock by solid-state when liquid state changes, the blank conductivity will obviously descend, and can detect the variation of the depth of penetration of inducing eddy-current and then definite blank liquid fraction by inductive coil.This method adapts to strong, and development potentiality is arranged, but still immature at present.Shortcoming be liquid fraction when low accuracy not high, easily produce wrong report, if blank adopts induction heating mode in addition, then can exert an influence to this method.
The principle of work of sound pressure method is that metal stock can produce a noise field in the induction heating process, and this sound field sound pressure variations when solid phase transfers liquid phase to is very strong, and sound pressure method obtains the blank liquid fraction by detecting sound pressure variations exactly.This method is still at the experimental stage, does not enter application.
From the research report of metal stock semisolid remelting heating fluid one after another control technology, can find, the heating of metal current blank semisolid remelting still lacks a kind of online monitoring method technology that is easy to commercial Application, and existing control technology is all not satisfactory for commercial Application.
The main problem that exists has:
(1) for the control of metal stock semisolid remelting heating fluid one after another, the method for open loop also is used in industry at present, but precision is relatively poor;
(2) accurately control in order to carry out closed loop for liquid fraction, often adopt the contact type measurement technology, this need punch to each workpiece, destroys surface of the work, is unfavorable for commercial Application;
(3) the non-contact temperature measuring method of semi-solid blank remelting heating is still immature, remains to further develop and improve.
Liquid fraction control for the ease of the heating of metal stock semisolid remelting, reduce production costs, for follow-up thixotropic forming technology creates conditions, and then improvement Semi-Solid Metals Forming technology, push it against commercial application, be fit in enormous quantities, low-cost and metal near-net-shape technology efficiently thereby provide a kind of, it is very necessary improving for existing semisolid remelting method for heating and controlling.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned semi-solid blank remelting heating fluid one after another control method, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of aluminum alloy semisolid remelting method for heating and controlling and device based on infrared measurement of temperature.Adopt infrared thermometer to carry out contactless temperature-measuring for remelting heating semi-solid-state aluminium alloy, and obtain to have the semi-solid blank of suitable liquid phase rate (40%-50%) according to temperature variation curve, thereby the trouble of having avoided contact temperature-measuring to bring, have good control effect simultaneously, improved production efficiency.
The ultimate principle that the present invention solves its technical matters institute foundation is:
Any object just has heat radiation to external emission as long as temperature is higher than absolute zero, and infrared temperature-test technology is by detecting caloradiance, and converts according to the object emissivity and to obtain the temperature of body surface.Yet emissivity is difficult to accurate acquisition in the induction heating process, causes infrared thermometer to be difficult to accurately measure the heating-up temperature of semi-solid blank, and this also is the reason of infrared thermometer in the rare application in semi-solid blank thermometric field.Yet, although infrared thermometer can be held for the relative variation tendency of temperature accurately for the measurement existence limitation of object absolute temperature.The difficulty that the present invention avoids emissivity to demarcate according to these characteristics just by the temperature changing trend of monitoring semi-solid blank, and according to the aluminum alloy blank phase-change characteristic, obtains the semisolid remelting blank with suitable liquid phase rate.
The aluminium alloy that is used for semi-solid-state shaping generally is Alar, and especially aluminium silicon magnesium is A356 and the A357 in the alloy.In the phase transition process of remelting heating, when solid rate was converted into about 60% process by about 80%, solid rate descended, and liquid fraction rises, but temperature remains unchanged substantially, was aluminium silicon binary eutectic limited proportionality.The practical significance of this section binary eutectic limited proportionality is: when the induction heater that adopts certain power carries out induction heating to blank, one section tangible flat region will appear in alloy temperature curve after entering the eutectic transformation district, and after eutectic transformation finishes, temperature will restart again to rise.When just finishing eutectic transformation, the liquid fraction of aluminum alloy blank is 40%-45%, is suitable for the liquid fraction scope of semi-solid die casting just most.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
One, a kind of aluminum alloy semisolid remelting method for heating and controlling based on infrared measurement of temperature, this method comprises following each step:
1) aluminium alloy semi-solid state blank is placed load coil, adjust the centre of surface position of infrared thermometer, connect infrared thermometer, open thermometric software displays temperature change curve to computing machine to preformed body;
2) beginning inductive coil heating, frequency is 7000-9000Hz, heating power 30-35kW stops heating when being heated to 540 ℃;
3) stop to heat and restart the inductive coil heating behind the 5s, frequency is 7000-9000Hz, regulates heating power to 15-20kW;
4) continue heating, treat that temperature curve tends to be steady when no longer rising, the adjusting heating power is 5-8kW;
5) continue heating, treat temperature curve by steadily then raise again, raising again stops heating after 5-10 ℃;
6) finish the aluminum alloy semisolid remelting heating, semi-solid blank is moved to the following process link.
Two, a kind of aluminum alloy semisolid remelting heating control apparatus based on infrared measurement of temperature:
Comprise microcomputer, infrared thermometer, load coil, refractory brick and induction heater; Load coil is placed on the refractory brick, aluminium alloy semi-solid state blank is housed in the load coil, infrared thermometer is aligned in aluminium alloy semi-solid state blank centre of surface position, infrared thermometer and microcomputer carry out communication by the USB mouth, one termination load coil of induction heater, another termination microcomputer of induction heater, that moves in the microcomputer adds thermal control program according to the temperature signal that receives, by computing, export control signal in real time, import induction heater through the D/A transition card, reach closed-loop control for aluminium alloy semi-solid state blank inductive coil heating process.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
The present invention is used for the metal stock semisolid remelting with infrared non-contact temperature measuring technology first and adds heat control, utilizes infrared temperature-test technology to realize the noncontact observing and controlling of metal stock liquid fraction, has simplified processing step, has reduced manufacturing cost.It is for the development that promotes the semi-solid metal forming method and use significant.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the solid rate of semi-solid aluminium alloy A356 varies with temperature curve.
Fig. 2 is semi-solid aluminium alloy A356 blank temperature experiment curve in inductive coil heating process.
Fig. 3 is based on the aluminum alloy semisolid remelting heating control apparatus synoptic diagram of infrared measurement of temperature.
Fig. 4 is based on the aluminum alloy semisolid remelting heating control system synoptic diagram of infrared measurement of temperature.
Among the figure: 1. microcomputer, 2. infrared thermometer, 3. load coil, 4. aluminium alloy semi-solid state blank, 5. refractory brick, 6. induction heater.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, the present invention includes microcomputer 1, infrared thermometer 2, load coil 3, refractory brick 5 and induction heater 6; Load coil 3 is placed on the refractory brick 5, aluminium alloy semi-solid state blank 4 is housed in the load coil 3, infrared thermometer 2 is aligned in aluminium alloy semi-solid state blank 4 centre of surface positions, infrared thermometer 2 carries out communication with microcomputer 1 by the USB mouth, one termination load coil 3 of induction heater 6, another termination microcomputer 1 of induction heater 6, operation adds thermal control program according to the temperature signal that receives in the microcomputer 1, by computing, export control signal in real time, import induction heater 6 through the D/A transition card, reach closed-loop control for aluminium alloy semi-solid state blank inductive coil heating process.
The specific implementation process that the present invention is applied to A356 semi-solid aluminium alloy induction heating is as follows:
1) as shown in Figure 3, aluminium alloy semi-solid state blank 4 is placed load coil 3, adjust the centre of surface position of 2 pairs of preformed bodies of infrared thermometer, connect infrared thermometer 2, open thermometric software displays temperature change curve to microcomputer 1.
2) as shown in Figure 3, the heating of beginning inductive coil, control induction heating frequency is 7000-9000Hz, heating power 30-35kW, temperature variation curve are obvious ascendant trend.Because the build-in attribute of induction heating, the marginal portion temperature of aluminium alloy semi-solid state blank 4 will be higher than central portion temp, and semi-solid-state shaping temperature influence as a result is very big, and the blank temperature radial distribution is inhomogeneous will to cause adverse effect to forming results.Therefore, after aluminium alloy semi-solid state blank 4 is continued to be heated to 540 ℃, stop heating, when blank temperature is lower than 540 ℃, can not undergo phase transition reaction.Heat conduction aluminium alloy semi-solid state blank 4 radial temperatures stop the heating back owing to will be tending towards even.
3) as shown in Figure 3, aluminium alloy semi-solid state blank 4 stopped to heat restart the inductive coil heating behind the 5s, control induction heating frequency is 7000-9000Hz, regulates heating power to 15-20kW.In step 2, adopt high-power heating can improve the efficiency of heating surface, thereby but when closing on the solid-liquid coexistence, reduce the power reduction rate of heat addition and can reduce the blank radial temperature difference.
4) as shown in Figure 3, the computer monitoring temperature variation curve treats that temperature curve tends to be steady when no longer rising about 574 ℃, regulates heating power 5-8kW.The aluminium alloy semi-solid state blank 4 that steadily indicates of temperature curve enters aluminium silicon binary eutectic phase change zone, is in the alloy at aluminium silicon magnesium, and the content of element silicon is only second to aluminium, thereby aluminium silicon binary eutectic phase change zone is one section tangible steady section in the phase transformation heating curves.Entering temperature curve stably behind the binary eutectic phase change zone,, therefore further reduce heating power owing to be about to reach the target liquid fraction.
5) computer monitoring temperature variation curve, treat that temperature curve is by 574 ℃ then raise again stably, raising again of temperature curve indicates the end of al-si eutectic phase transformation, and the liquid fraction desirable 40-45% of semi-solid-state shaping just of this moment, the solid rate of A356 and the relation curve of temperature are as shown in Figure 1.Treat that temperature raises 5-10 ℃ again on 574 ℃ basis,, stop heating to determine that aluminium alloy semi-solid state blank 4 has finished aluminium silicon binary eutectic phase change zone.
Fig. 2 is the temperature measured curve of one section blank heating process, and this empirical curve has clearly embodied the flat region in the heating process, and the flat region after temperature rise once more, verified above theoretical prediction.Therefore, by infrared thermometer monitor temperature change curve, and then the control temperature curve promptly reaches the liquid fraction scope that is fit to semi-solid die casting when beginning to rise again through one section tangible flat region.
6) finish the aluminum alloy semisolid remelting heating, semi-solid blank is moved to the following process link.
The above step establishment of foundation control program is stored in the computing machine, thereby reaches the target of closed-loop control.The control system synoptic diagram as shown in Figure 4.
Claims (2)
1. the aluminum alloy semisolid remelting method for heating and controlling based on infrared measurement of temperature is characterized in that, this method comprises following each step:
1) aluminium alloy semi-solid state blank is placed load coil, adjust the centre of surface position of infrared thermometer, connect infrared thermometer, open thermometric software displays temperature change curve to computing machine to preformed body;
2) beginning inductive coil heating, frequency is 7000-9000Hz, heating power 30-35kW stops heating when being heated to 540 ℃;
3) stop to heat and restart the inductive coil heating behind the 5s, frequency is 7000-9000Hz, regulates heating power to 15-20kW;
4) continue heating, treat that temperature curve tends to be steady when no longer rising, the adjusting heating power is 5-8kW;
5) continue heating, treat temperature curve by steadily then raise again, raising again stops heating after 5-10 ℃;
6) finish the aluminum alloy semisolid remelting heating, semi-solid blank is moved to the following process link.
2. by a kind of aluminum alloy semisolid remelting heating control apparatus of the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise microcomputer (1), infrared thermometer (2), load coil (3), refractory brick (5) and induction heater (6) based on infrared measurement of temperature; Load coil (3) is placed on the refractory brick (5), aluminium alloy semi-solid state blank (4) is housed in the load coil (3), infrared thermometer (2) is aligned in aluminium alloy semi-solid state blank (4) centre of surface position, infrared thermometer (2) carries out communication with microcomputer (1) by the USB mouth, one termination load coil (3) of induction heater (6), another termination microcomputer (1) of induction heater (6), operation adds thermal control program according to the temperature signal that receives in the microcomputer (1), by computing, export control signal in real time, import induction heater (6) through the D/A transition card, reach closed-loop control for aluminium alloy semi-solid state blank inductive coil heating process.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104723031A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-06-24 | 西安交通大学 | Radial-forging type strain induction semi-solid state extrusion technology for waveguide tube |
| CN108593539A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-09-28 | 崇州天智轻量化制造有限公司 | A kind of contact metal semi-solid thixotropic behavior measuring device and its measurement method |
| CN111458368A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-07-28 | 兰州理工大学 | System and method for measuring softening behavior of amorphous alloy in supercooled liquid region |
| CN111570794A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-08-25 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | System and method suitable for monitoring temperature of semi-solid metal melting three-dimensional direct-writing forming |
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| CN1532008A (en) * | 2003-03-21 | 2004-09-29 | 上海汇众汽车制造有限公司 | Secondary heating process in aluminium alloy semi solid forming technology |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104723031A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-06-24 | 西安交通大学 | Radial-forging type strain induction semi-solid state extrusion technology for waveguide tube |
| CN104723031B (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2017-01-18 | 西安交通大学 | Radial-forging type strain induction semi-solid state extrusion technology for waveguide tube |
| CN108593539A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-09-28 | 崇州天智轻量化制造有限公司 | A kind of contact metal semi-solid thixotropic behavior measuring device and its measurement method |
| CN111570794A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-08-25 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | System and method suitable for monitoring temperature of semi-solid metal melting three-dimensional direct-writing forming |
| CN111458368A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-07-28 | 兰州理工大学 | System and method for measuring softening behavior of amorphous alloy in supercooled liquid region |
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