CN101811744B - Technology and device for recovering ammonia from garbage leachate in domestic garbage sanitary landfill site - Google Patents
Technology and device for recovering ammonia from garbage leachate in domestic garbage sanitary landfill site Download PDFInfo
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- CN101811744B CN101811744B CN200910061389XA CN200910061389A CN101811744B CN 101811744 B CN101811744 B CN 101811744B CN 200910061389X A CN200910061389X A CN 200910061389XA CN 200910061389 A CN200910061389 A CN 200910061389A CN 101811744 B CN101811744 B CN 101811744B
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Abstract
The invention provides a technology and device for recovering ammonia from garbage leachate in a domestic garbage sanitary landfill site. The method comprises the following steps: (1) removal of ammonia in garbage leachate: adding alkaline chemicals into the leachate to regulate the pH value of the garbage leachate to 9-11, and removing ammonia in the garbage leachate in an ammonia removal tower by using an air stripping method; (2) ammonia recovery: recovering ammonia sulfate from gas containing ammonia by using a sulfuric acid solution absorption method, wherein the absorption is realized by two absorption reactors: in the first absorption reactor, 85-95% of gas containing ammonia is processed, and the concentration of ammonia sulfate in the circulating mother liquor in the first absorption reactor is lower than the saturation concentration of ammonia sulfate, thereby preventing ammonia sulfate from crystallizing; and the unsaturated circulating mother liquor in the first absorption reactor is sent into a second absorption reactor to continuously react with 5-15% of gas containing ammonia, so that the concentration of ammonia sulfate in the circulating mother liquor in the second absorption reactor is higher than the saturation concentration of ammonia sulfate, thereby promoting the ammonia sulfate to crystallize; and (3) separating ammonia sulfate crystals.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of recovery Processes and apparatus of ammonia from garbage leachate in domestic garbage sanitary landfill site, be specifically related to a kind of domestic rubbish disposal and utilize technical field.
Background technology
Garbage sanitary filling is the method for the widely used processing solid refuse of China recent years.For an anaerobism landfill yard, its mechanism is to utilize anaerobic fermentation method, and the organism in the rubbish by the anaerobism and the Degradation of oxygen animalcule of holding concurrently, is converted into gaseous product such as carbonic acid gas, methane.Because municipal solid wastes itself contains a large amount of moisture, in carrying out biotransformation, will come out with the form diafiltration of percolate, refuse landfill simultaneously is subjected to the influence of factors such as rainfall and runoff, also can form percolate by the diafiltration of refuse landfill.
The percolate complicated component, its component not only depends on the land-fill method (anaerobism landfill, half aerobic landfill, dynamically or static aerobic landfill etc.) of landfill yard, also depend on handled solid waste kind of landfill yard (building waste, domestic refuse, business travel's rubbish, industrial refuse, marine fishery rubbish etc.) and correlation proportion thereof, also depend on the multiple factor such as service year generation, natural condition (geographical position, geology and geomorphology, climate condition etc.), garbage truck situation and percolate collection, guide mode of landfill yard.
The garbage loading embeading mode of the most refuse landfill of China is the anaerobism landfill, and the garbage truck situation is better, and the rubbish of processing is based on domestic refuse.Because kitchen excess content is higher in the domestic refuse, protein abundance, when adopting the anaerobism landfill, the protein ammonification is rapid and thorough, thereby causes its percolate ammonia content higher.By water quality monitoring (WQM) for many years, the ammonia content of China's percolate from garbage filling field is generally between 1000～4000mg/l, about average 2000mg/l.Along with the refuse landfill prolongation of working time, ammonia content also will further rise in its percolate.The ammonia of high density is the water quality characteristic of percolate, is one of reason that causes the percolate difficult treatment.
For the ammonia of percolate middle and high concentration, generally adopt physico-chemical process, chemical method and biological process to handle both at home and abroad at present.These methods respectively have characteristics, but all have certain limitation, or facility investment is big, energy consumption is many, working cost is high, or the ammonia in the percolate can not recycle, and are discharged into and cause new problems such as pollution in the environment.
Ammonia is a kind of repugnant substance, human body is mainly contained the harm of following several respects:
(1) harm respiratory system: people smell stench, respiratory system is produced reflexive inhibition, even feel suffocated, and hinder normal respiratory function.
(2) the harm recycle system: with respiratory variations, pulse and blood pressure can occur, can make blood pressure the back rising phenomenon that descends earlier occur as ammonia.
(3) harm Digestive tract: the people often contacts stench, the people is produced detest, feel sick, even vomiting, and then develop into digestive function and go down.
(4) harm endocrine system: often being subjected to stench stimulates, and makes the endocrine system dysfunction, influences organism metabolism.
(5) harm neural system: malodorous stimulation can make olfactory fatigue even forfeiture." hear a lot about and do not know that it is smelly " causes the regulatory function imbalance that pallium is excited and suppress at last.
(6) influence the mental status: stench is had the fidgets the people, and is absent-minded, and working efficiency reduces, and judgement and hypomnesis influence the thinking activities of brain.
The recycling of ammonia from garbage leachate in domestic garbage sanitary landfill site is to be related to environment protection and utilization of resources two large problems.
At present, the method that ammonia reclaims in coke-oven plant's coal gas adopts ammonium sulfate saturex technology, the ammonia in the coal gas in the ammonium sulfate saturex with sulfuric acid reaction, when ammonium sulfate concentrations was higher than the ammonium sulfate saturation concentration, ammonium sulfate crystallization produced also and separates out.The absorption of this method ammonia and crystallization are finished in a reactor, the operational management complexity, and the equipment manufacturing cost costliness exists reactor pipeline easily by problem such as ammonium sulfate crystallization congestion affects assimilated efficiency, equipment repair and maintenance be frequent.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is feature, propose a kind of recovery Processes and apparatus of ammonia from garbage leachate in domestic garbage sanitary landfill site in view of domestic refuse sanitary filling field percolate.The present invention adopts and removes+absorb two sections combination procesies, reclaims the ammonia in the percolate, turns waste into wealth.Particularly solve the plant issue that contains ammonia gas and sulfuric acid reaction behind the deamination, overcome the high and pipeline of ammonium sulfate saturex processing unit cost easily by problems such as ammonium sulfate crystallization obstruction, equipment repair and maintenance are frequent, the assimilated efficiency height, operational management is simple.The present invention meets recycling economy industry theory, and the recovery Processes and apparatus of proposition is technical feasible, suitable economically, and can use on engineering.
The recovery technology that the domestic refuse sanitary filling field percolate ammonia reclaiming process flow process that the present invention proposes is divided a kind of ammonia from garbage leachate in domestic garbage sanitary landfill site, flow process divided for three steps implemented:
The first step is the removing of ammonia in the percolate:
1) in the percolate of collecting, adds alkaline chemical, regulate percolate pH value to 9～11;
2) adopt the method for air stripping, in deammoniation tower, remove the ammonia of percolate middle and high concentration, remove the percolate otherwise processed of high strength ammonia;
Second step was the recovery that contains ammonia in the ammonia gas:
For the ammonia gas that contains of stripping generation, the method that adopts sulphuric acid soln to absorb generates ammonium sulfate and recycles; Adopt two absorption reactor thermallies to reclaim, in first absorption reactor thermally, containing ammonia gas from bottom to top moves and the sulfur acid mother liquor contact reacts that sprays from top, make 85%～95% the ammonia gas that contains obtain handling, constantly generate ammonium sulfate and fall into the circulating mother liquor groove, by control sulfuric acid dosage and absorption reaction time, make the concentration of ammonium sulfate in first absorption reactor thermally circulating mother liquor be lower than the ammonium sulfate saturation concentration, avoid the generation of ammonium sulfate crystallization in the absorption process; Unsaturated circulating mother liquor is delivered to second absorption reactor thermally in first absorption reactor thermally, in second absorption reactor thermally, continue reaction with all the other ammonia gas that contain of 5%～15%, by control sulfuric acid dosage and absorption reaction time, make that ammonium sulfate concentrations is higher than the ammonium sulfate saturation concentration in the circulating mother liquor of second absorption reactor thermally, impel ammonium sulfate crystallization in second absorption reactor thermally, to produce.
The 3rd step was the separation of ammonium sulfate crystallization.
The recovery technology of described ammonia from garbage leachate in domestic garbage sanitary landfill site, in first absorption reactor thermally, keep circulating mother liquor pH value＜3, keep circulating mother liquor ammonium sulfate concentrations in first absorption reactor thermally and be lower than 2～10% of ammonium sulfate saturation concentration under the temperature at that time.
The recovery technology of described ammonia from garbage leachate in domestic garbage sanitary landfill site, in second absorption reactor thermally, keep circulating mother liquor pH value in 6～7 scopes, keep in second absorption reactor thermally circulating mother liquor ammonium sulfate concentrations and be higher than at that time saturation concentration under the temperature.
The recovery technology of described ammonia from garbage leachate in domestic garbage sanitary landfill site, during the removing of ammonia, the method for regulating percolate pH value is solid CaO or Ca (OH) in the first step percolate
2Add simultaneously with NaOH solution.
The recovery system that is used for ammonia from garbage leachate in domestic garbage sanitary landfill site comprises the mixed reaction pond, deammoniation tower, absorption reactor thermally, the centrifuge that are connected by pipeline successively; Mixed reaction pond is connected to the liquid distributor of deammoniation tower by pipeline; The air outlet of deammoniation tower is connected respectively to the inlet mouth of first absorption reactor thermally and second absorption reactor thermally by pipeline and motorized valve; The first circulating mother liquor groove of first absorption reactor thermally is connected with the second circulating mother liquor groove of second absorption reactor thermally by pipeline, mother liquor transferpump; The ammonium sulfate crystallization groove of second absorption reactor thermally is connected with centrifuge with the crystal transferpump by pipeline.
Described first absorption reactor thermally is divided into two portions up and down, and top is for containing the ammonia gas uptake zone, and the bottom is the first circulating mother liquor groove; Second absorption reactor thermally is divided into three parts from top to bottom, and top is for containing the ammonia gas uptake zone, and the centre is the second circulating mother liquor groove, and the bottom is the ammonium sulfate crystallization groove.
Described first absorption reactor thermally top contains the ammonia gas uptake zone by the glass-reinforced plastic material manufacturing, and the bottom first circulating mother liquor groove is made by the SS316L stainless material.
Described second absorption reactor thermally top contains the ammonia gas uptake zone by the glass-reinforced plastic material manufacturing, and middle second circulating mother liquor groove and bottom ammonium sulfate crystallization groove are made by the SS316L stainless material.
Consider that percolate deamination gas volume is big, contain the characteristics that ammonia concentration is low and change in concentration is big,, in two absorption reactor thermallies, all be provided with 2～3 grades of spray absorption units for guaranteeing to contain the assimilated efficiency of ammonia in the ammonia gas.By absorbing Control Circulation mother liquor pH value and absorption spray progression in the operational process, guarantee to contain the assimilated efficiency of ammonia in the ammonia gas greater than 95% behind the percolate deamination.In conjunction with the removal efficiency of ammonia in this recovery technology the first step percolate, the total ammonia organic efficiency of this domestic refuse sanitary filling field percolate ammonia reclaiming process can reach more than 85%.
Advantage of the present invention:
1, improves the quality of water environment in cities and towns, reduce pollutant discharge amount, improve the resident living condition, improve the people ' s health level, created good investment environment, for the attraction investment, developing the economy provides good exterior condition.
2, reclaim resource, accomplish economic growth and environment protection coordinated development, the urban construction and development is of great importance.From long-range, recycling economy is the unique selection of human survival and development.When administering environment, the waste resource that produces in the garbage loading embeading process is fully used, meet the policy that country realizes recycling economy.
3, absorption reactor thermally of the present invention is made of two absorption reactor thermallies.First absorption reactor thermally is handled about 95% the ammonia gas that contains, and the concentration of ammonium sulfate is lower than the ammonium sulfate saturation concentration in its circulating mother liquor, avoids the generation of ammonium sulfate crystallization in the absorption process; In second absorption reactor thermally about 5% the ammonia gas that contains is handled, impelled ammonium sulfate crystallization in second absorption reactor thermally, to produce.The combination of two absorption reactor thermallies, the absorption reaction that makes major part contain ammonia gas separates with the ammonium sulfate crystallization reaction, obtains to guarantee that to greatest extent first absorption reactor thermally contains the assimilated efficiency of ammonia gas in the ammonia sulfate crystal in second absorption reactor thermally.The formation of two absorption reactor thermallies and technological process control make the high assimilated efficiency of absorption reactor thermally and the generation of ammonium sulfate crystallization obtain well unifying, and guarantee the smooth implementation of this recovery technology.
4, two absorption reactor thermally tops contain the ammonia gas uptake zone by the glass-reinforced plastic material manufacturing, and the bottom is made by the SS316L stainless material, and the integral device cost reduces significantly.
5, in first absorption reactor thermally, keep circulating mother liquor pH value＜2, guaranteed to contain the assimilated efficiency of ammonia gas to greatest extent, in the protection atmospheric environment, make the organic efficiency maximization of ammonia.
6, in second absorption reaction, keep circulating mother liquor pH value in the circulating mother liquor groove and be subacidity, at the assimilation effect that does not influence total system simultaneously, make separating out rapidly and being convenient to control of ammonia sulfate crystal, help the acquisition of ammonium sulphate crystal products.
The invention provides and a kind ofly meet recycling economy industry theory, and technical feasible, the domestic refuse sanitary filling field percolate ammonia reclaiming process and the equipment that are suitable for economically, can on engineering, use.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 garbage sanitary filling field percolate of the present invention ammonia reclaiming process system flowchart.
Fig. 2 deammoniation tower structure iron.
Fig. 3 absorption reactor thermally structure iron.
Embodiment
In the domestic refuse sanitary filling field percolate ammonia remove principle:
Ammonia in the percolate is generally with ammonium ion (NH
4 +) and free ammonia (NH
3) form exist, and in water, keep following ionization equilibrium:
This balance is influenced by the pH value.When the pH value raise, balance moved right, and free ammonia increases; When the pH value reduced, balance was moved to the left, and ammonium ion increases.When the pH of water value was elevated to 11 left and right sides, the ammonia in the water was almost all with NH
3Form exist, if stirred, effect such as aeration can impel ammonia to shift in atmosphere from water.
Contain the ammonia gas principle of absorption in the domestic refuse sanitary filling field percolate:
The ammonia that sulfuric acid absorption contains in the ammonia gas obtains ammonium sulfate, and its chemical equation is:
2NH
3+H
2SO
4→(NH
4)
2SO
4 (2)
Ammonia and vitriolic reaction are exothermic process, its Δ H=-275kJ/mol.When with the ammonia in the sulfuric acid absorption waste gas, actual thermal efficiency is relevant with the acidity and the temperature of ammonium sulfate liquor.With an amount of sulfuric acid and ammonia react, can generate Neutral salt.If excess sulfuric acid then generates acid salt, its chemical equation is:
Along with the raising of ammonia degree of saturation in the solution, acid salt changes Neutral salt again into, and its chemical equation is:
NH
4HSO
4+NH
3→(NH
4)
2SO
4 (4)
The ratio of acid salt and Neutral salt depends on the concentration of free acid in the solution in the solution.When acidity only is 1%～2%, mainly generate Neutral salt; When acidity improves, the also corresponding raising of the content of acid salt.Because in the soluble in water and dilute sulphuric acid of acid salt, so when acidity was little, that separates out from saturated solution had only ammonia sulfate crystal.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing equipment of the present invention is described further:
Fig. 1 garbage sanitary filling field percolate of the present invention ammonia reclaiming process system flowchart:
System of the present invention comprises mixed reaction pond 1, deammoniation tower 2, absorption reactor thermally 3,4, mother liquor transferpump 5, crystal transferpump 6, the centrifuge 7 that is connected by pipeline successively.
Mixed reaction pond 1 is an equipment of regulating percolate pH value, and 1 α is the percolate import, and 1b is the percolate transferpump, ammonia removal through the percolate of adjusting is delivered in the deammoniation tower 2 percolate by pipeline and percolate transferpump 1b in; 2 α are deammoniation tower percolate spray throwers, and 2b is the stripping blower fan, and 2c is a blast inlet, and 2d is the air outlet, and 2e is deamination percolate (otherwise processed); The air outlet 2d of deammoniation tower 2 is connected respectively to inlet mouth 3 α, 4 α of first absorption reactor thermally 3 and second absorption reactor thermally 4 by pipeline and magnetic valve 3f, 4f; The first circulating mother liquor groove 3b of first absorption reactor thermally 3 is connected with the second circulating mother liquor groove 4b of second absorption reactor thermally 4 with mother liquor transferpump 5 by pipeline; Second absorption reactor thermally 4 bottom ammonium sulfate crystallization groove 4i is connected with centrifuge 7 with crystal transferpump 6 by pipeline.3c, 4c are respectively the uptake zones of first absorption reactor thermally 3 and second absorption reactor thermally 4; 3d, 4d are respectively the Recycling Mother Solution pumps of first absorption reactor thermally 3 and second absorption reactor thermally 4; 3e, 4e be first absorption reactor thermally 3 and second absorption reactor thermally 4 add sour device automatically; 3g, 4g are the circulating mother liquor spray throwers of first absorption reactor thermally 3 and second absorption reactor thermally 4; 3h, 4h are the uncontaminated air outlets of first absorption reactor thermally 3 and second absorption reactor thermally 4.
Fig. 2 is the deammoniation tower structure iron: the removing of ammonia in this technology the first step percolate, realize by deammoniation tower.According to the characteristics that remove of garbage filter liquefied ammonia, deammoniation tower is big flux, low resistance, high efficiency regular packed tower.The deammoniation tower tower body is by corrosion resistant material manufacturings such as stainless steel, glass reinforced plastic, polypropylene, and column internals is by the stainless material manufacturing.The corrugated regular filler that deammoniation tower uses is by stainless steel or polypropylene material manufacturing, and specific surface area requires at 125～250m
2/ m
3The percolate that enters deammoniation tower need use alkaline chemical to adjust its pH value to 9～11, and alkaline chemical can be that single soda ash, caustic soda, lime or their mixing add.In conjunction with the requirement of percolate bulk treatment,, can make that the removal efficiency of ammonia reaches more than 90% in the percolate by parameters such as pH value, vapour-liquid ratio in the control percolate ammonia removal process.Deammoniation tower 2 comprises percolate spray thrower 2 α, and blast inlet 2c, air outlet 2d, two-stage liquid distributor 2f, two-stage filler 2g, 2e are deamination percolate outlets (otherwise processed), and 2h is an access opening.
Fig. 3 absorption reactor thermally structure iron.
Absorption reactor thermally comprises first absorption reactor thermally 3 and second absorption reactor thermally 4.First absorption reactor thermally 3 is divided into two portions up and down, and top is divided into and contains ammonia gas uptake zone 3c, and the bottom is divided into the first circulating mother liquor groove 3b; Second absorption reactor thermally 4 is divided into three parts from top to bottom, and top is divided into and contains ammonia gas uptake zone 4c, and the centre is the second circulating mother liquor groove 4b, and the bottom is ammonium sulfate crystallization groove 4i.
Deammoniation tower is deviate from contains ammonia gas is connected respectively to first absorption reactor thermally 3 and second absorption reactor thermally 4 by pipeline and motorized valve 3f, 4f inlet mouth 3 α, 4 α; The first circulating mother liquor groove 3b of first absorption reactor thermally 3 is connected with the second circulating mother liquor groove 4b of second absorption reactor thermally 4 by pipeline, mother liquor transferpump 5; First absorption reactor thermally 4 is connected with centrifuge with crystal transferpump 6 by pipeline.3c, 4c are the uptake zones of first absorption reactor thermally 3 and second absorption reactor thermally 4; 4d is the Recycling Mother Solution pump of second absorption reactor thermally 4; 3e, 4e are the sulfuric acid storage tanks of first absorption reactor thermally 3 and second absorption reactor thermally 4; 3g, 4g are the circulating mother liquor spray throwers of first absorption reactor thermally 3 and second absorption reactor thermally 4; 3h, 4h are the uncontaminated air outlets of first absorption reactor thermally 3 and second absorption reactor thermally 4; 4i is the ammonium sulfate crystallization groove of second absorption reactor thermally 4.
3c, 4c are the uptake zones of first absorption reactor thermally 3 and second absorption reactor thermally 4; 3d, 4d are the Recycling Mother Solution pumps of first absorption reactor thermally 3 and second absorption reactor thermally 4; 3e, 4e be first absorption reactor thermally 3 and second absorption reactor thermally 4 add sour device automatically; 3g, 4g are the circulating mother liquor spray throwers of first absorption reactor thermally 3 and second absorption reactor thermally 4; 3h, 4h are the uncontaminated air outlets of first absorption reactor thermally 3 and second absorption reactor thermally 4; 4i is the ammonium sulfate crystallization groove of second absorption reactor thermally 4.
First absorption reactor thermally 3 tops contain the ammonia gas uptake zone by the glass-reinforced plastic material manufacturing, and the bottom first circulating mother liquor groove is made by the SS316L stainless material.
Second absorption reactor thermally 4 top contains the ammonia gas uptake zone by the glass-reinforced plastic material manufacturing, and middle second circulating mother liquor groove and bottom ammonium sulfate crystallization groove are made by the SS316L stainless material.
Get in two absorption reactor thermallies 3,4 in the absorption reactor thermally and be provided with 2～3 grades of spray absorption units.
Technical process of the present invention divided for three steps implemented:
The first step is the removing of ammonia in the percolate:
1) in the percolate of collecting, adds alkaline chemical, regulate percolate pH value to 9～11; The method of regulating percolate pH value is solid CaO or Ca (OH)
2Add simultaneously with NaOH solution.
2) adopt the method for air stripping, in deammoniation tower, remove the ammonia of percolate middle and high concentration, remove the percolate otherwise processed of high strength ammonia.
Second step was the recovery that contains ammonia in the ammonia gas:
According to contain behind the percolate deamination ammonia gas large-minded, contain the low characteristics of ammonia concentration, absorption reactor thermally of the present invention is made of two absorption reactor thermallies, the ammonia gas that contains that deamination reaction obtains enters in the absorption reactor thermally, directly contact with the acid mother liquid that flows downward according to gravity or spray, neutralization reaction takes place, obtain ammoniumsulphate soln, flow in the mother liquor tank.
In first absorption reactor thermally 3,85%～95% the ammonia gas that contains obtains handling.
(1) in the absorption process, sulfuric acid in the absorption mother liquor groove adopts the mode of being interrupted repeatedly to add, by control sulfuric acid dosage and absorption reaction time (ammonia absorbed dose just), when keeping circulating mother liquor acidity (pH value＜3), make the ammonium sulfate concentrations that circulating mother liquor increases gradually in first absorption reactor thermally 3 be lower than the ammonium sulfate saturation concentration, in first absorption reactor thermally, containing ammonia gas from bottom to top moves and the sulfur acid mother liquor contact reacts that sprays from top, make 85%～95% the ammonia gas that contains obtain handling, constantly generate ammonium sulfate and fall into the circulating mother liquor groove, by control sulfuric acid dosage and absorption reaction time, make the concentration of ammonium sulfate in first absorption reactor thermally circulating mother liquor be lower than ammonium sulfate saturation concentration (should be lower than under the temperature at that time ammonium sulfate saturation concentration 2～10%), avoid the generation of ammonium sulfate crystallization in the absorption process;
(2) in first absorption reactor thermally 3, replenish sulfuric acid and water, by above (1) requirement, the carrying out that continues first absorption reactor thermally 3 absorption reactions.
In second absorption reaction 4, its circulating mother liquor is from the unsaturation circulating mother liquor of first absorption reactor thermally 3.In the absorption process, sulfuric acid in the absorption mother liquor groove adopts the mode of being interrupted repeatedly to add, by control sulfuric acid dosage and absorption reaction time, ammonia absorbed dose just, make all the other ammonia gas that contain of 5%～15% obtain handling, when keeping circulating mother liquor subacidity (pH value 6～7), make the ammonium sulfate concentrations that circulating mother liquor increases gradually in second absorption reactor thermally 4 be higher than the ammonium sulfate saturation concentration, impel ammonium sulfate crystallization in second absorption reactor thermally 4, to produce.
The 3rd step was the separation of ammonium sulfate crystallization: when acidic circulation mother liquor acidity in second absorption reactor thermally 4 moves closer to neutrality and when crystallizer tank has a large amount of ammonia sulfate crystals to produce, by the ammonia sulfate crystal centrifugal dehydration treatment of crystal transferpump with generation, enter hopper, the weighing and bagging warehouse-in.
Diafiltration liquefied ammonia recycling engineering basic parameter is as follows:
(1) treatment capacity of domestic refuse sanitary filling field percolate is 800～1000m
3/ d;
(2) the ammonia content average out to 2000mg/l in the domestic refuse sanitary filling field percolate.
Percolate behind the reaction precipitation carries out deamination reaction by being pumped to deammoniation tower.Removing by two deammoniation towers of ammonia finished in the percolate.Deammoniation tower is the stainless material manufacturing, and is reverse-flow, packing tower structure, tower diameter 3.3m, tower height 15m.Packed height is 5 meters in the deammoniation tower, adopts the stainless steel structured packing, divides two-layer filling.Single tower design specific liquid rate 93.5m
3/ m
2.d, operation empty tower gas velocity 1.87m/s, vapour-liquid ratio 3200～2000: 1.
Absorption reactor thermally is made of two absorption reactor thermallies.First absorption reactor thermally 3 is a built-up type, is divided into two portions up and down, and 85%～95% the ammonia gas that contains obtains handling.Top is divided into and contains the ammonia gas uptake zone, diameter 5m, and high 9m, two-layer spray absorption unit is arranged in the glass-reinforced plastic material manufacturing.The bottom is divided into the circulating mother liquor groove, L * W * H=6.5m * 5.2m * 1.5m, useful volume 35m
3, the SS316L stainless material is made.Second absorption reactor thermally 4 is built-up type, is divided into upper, middle and lower three parts, and about 5%～15% the ammonia gas that contains obtains handling.Top is divided into and contains the ammonia gas absorption portion, diameter 3m, and high 5.5m, three layers of spray absorption unit are arranged in the glass-reinforced plastic material manufacturing.Lower middle portion is circulating mother liquor groove and crystallizer tank, L * W * H=4.5m * 3.5m * 5.0m, total useful volume 24.35m
3, wherein the bottom pyramidal structure crystallizer tank volume 8.6m
3, the SS316L stainless material is made.
The present invention proposes an operational path that meets national recycling economy industry policy, when administering garbage leachate in domestic garbage sanitary landfill site liquid contaminate environment, make the refuse that produces in the garbage loading embeading process obtain recycling.Ammonia reclaims through this technology in this percolate from garbage filling field, can obtain more than 2000 ton of ammonium sulfate solids product every year.Metering quality examination research institute is detected through the locality, and foreign matter content is lower than relevant national standard requirement (GB 535-1995 fertilizer, soil conditioner-ammonium sulfate standard) in its ammonium sulfate solids product.
Core of the present invention has two: first is to adopt to remove+absorb two sections combination procesies, reclaims the ammonia in the percolate.Second is to adopt two absorption reactor thermallies to get method in containing the absorption reaction process of ammonia gas, when guaranteeing assimilated efficiency, avoids in the absorption process because ammonium sulfate crystallization blocking pipeline and to the influence of whole assimilated efficiency.The differing materials manufacturing is adopted in two absorption reactor thermally upper and lowers of absorption reactor thermally, and cost reduces significantly.
Claims (10)
1. the recovery technology of an ammonia from garbage leachate in domestic garbage sanitary landfill site, flow process divided for three steps implemented:
The first step is the removing of ammonia in the percolate:
1) in the percolate of collecting, adds alkaline chemical, regulate percolate pH value to 9～11;
2) adopt the method for air stripping, in deammoniation tower, remove the ammonia of percolate middle and high concentration, remove the percolate otherwise processed of high strength ammonia;
Second step was the recovery that contains ammonia in the ammonia gas:
For the ammonia gas that contains of stripping generation, the method that adopts sulphuric acid soln to absorb produces ammonium sulfate, and ammonium sulfate is recycled; Absorb and adopt two absorption reactor thermallies to carry out, in first absorption reactor thermally, containing ammonia gas from bottom to top moves and the sulfur acid mother liquor contact reacts that sprays from top, make 85%～95% the ammonia gas that contains obtain handling, constantly generate ammonium sulfate and fall into the circulating mother liquor groove, by control sulfuric acid dosage and absorption reaction time, make the concentration of ammonium sulfate in first absorption reactor thermally circulating mother liquor be lower than the ammonium sulfate saturation concentration, avoid the generation of ammonium sulfate crystallization in the absorption process; Unsaturated circulating mother liquor is delivered to second absorption reactor thermally in first absorption reactor thermally, in second absorption reactor thermally, continue reaction with all the other ammonia gas that contain of 5%～15%, by control sulfuric acid dosage and absorption reaction time, make that ammonium sulfate concentrations is higher than the ammonium sulfate saturation concentration in the circulating mother liquor of second absorption reactor thermally, impel ammonium sulfate crystallization in second absorption reactor thermally, to produce;
The 3rd step was the separation of ammonium sulfate crystallization.
2. the recovery technology of ammonia from garbage leachate in domestic garbage sanitary landfill site according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in first absorption reactor thermally, keep circulating mother liquor pH value＜3, keep circulating mother liquor ammonium sulfate concentrations in first absorption reactor thermally and be lower than 2～10% of ammonium sulfate saturation concentration under the temperature at that time.
3. the recovery technology of ammonia from garbage leachate in domestic garbage sanitary landfill site according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: in second absorption reactor thermally, keep circulating mother liquor pH value in 6～7 scopes, keep in the circulating mother liquor of second absorption reactor thermally ammonium sulfate concentrations and be higher than at that time ammonium sulfate saturation concentration under the temperature.
4. the recovery technology of ammonia from garbage leachate in domestic garbage sanitary landfill site according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: during the removing of ammonia, the method for regulating percolate pH value is to add solid CaO adjusting percolate pH value or Ca (OH) in the first step percolate
2Add adjusting percolate pH value simultaneously with NaOH solution.
5. a recovery system that is used for the described ammonia from garbage leachate in domestic garbage sanitary landfill site of claim 1 is characterized in that: comprise the mixed reaction pond, deammoniation tower, absorption reactor thermally, the centrifuge that are connected by pipeline successively; Mixed reaction pond (1) is connected to the liquid distributor of deammoniation tower (2) by pipeline; The air outlet of deammoniation tower (2) is connected respectively to the inlet mouth of first absorption reactor thermally (3) and second absorption reactor thermally (4) by pipeline and motorized valve; The first circulating mother liquor groove of first absorption reactor thermally (3) is connected with the second circulating mother liquor groove of second absorption reactor thermally (4) by pipeline, mother liquor transferpump (5); The ammonium sulfate crystallization groove of second absorption reactor thermally (4) is connected with centrifuge (7) with crystal transferpump (6) by pipeline.
6. the recovery system of ammonia from garbage leachate in domestic garbage sanitary landfill site according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: first absorption reactor thermally (3) is divided into two portions up and down, top is for containing ammonia gas uptake zone (3c), and the bottom is the first circulating mother liquor groove (3b); Second absorption reactor thermally (4) is divided into three parts from top to bottom, and top is for containing ammonia gas uptake zone (4c), and the centre is the second circulating mother liquor groove (4b), and the bottom is ammonium sulfate crystallization groove (4i).
7. the recovery system of ammonia from garbage leachate in domestic garbage sanitary landfill site according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: first absorption reactor thermally (3) top contains ammonia gas uptake zone (3c) by the glass-reinforced plastic material manufacturing, and the bottom first circulating mother liquor groove (3b) is made by the SS316L stainless material.
8. the recovery system of ammonia from garbage leachate in domestic garbage sanitary landfill site according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: second absorption reactor thermally (4) top contains ammonia gas uptake zone (4c) by the glass-reinforced plastic material manufacturing, and middle second circulating mother liquor groove (4b) and bottom ammonium sulfate crystallization groove (4i) are made by the SS316L stainless material.
9. according to the recovery system of claim 6 or 7 described ammonia from garbage leachate in domestic garbage sanitary landfill site, it is characterized in that: be provided with 2～3 grades of spray absorption units in first absorption reactor thermally (3).
10. according to the recovery system of claim 6 or 8 described ammonia from garbage leachate in domestic garbage sanitary landfill site, it is characterized in that: be provided with 2～3 grades of spray absorption units in second absorption reactor thermally (4).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910061389XA CN101811744B (en) | 2009-04-03 | 2009-04-03 | Technology and device for recovering ammonia from garbage leachate in domestic garbage sanitary landfill site |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910061389XA CN101811744B (en) | 2009-04-03 | 2009-04-03 | Technology and device for recovering ammonia from garbage leachate in domestic garbage sanitary landfill site |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101811744A CN101811744A (en) | 2010-08-25 |
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| CN102060406B (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2012-12-19 | 南京工业大学 | Closed-loop processing integrated process for high-efficiency air stripping and tail-gas ammonia recycling of ammonia-nitrogen wastewater |
| CN102079610B (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2015-06-10 | 陆炎培 | Technology for biochemical treatment and comprehensive utilization of mixture of household garbage percolate and high-concentration organic wastewater |
| CN102295365A (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2011-12-28 | 北京中兵北方环境科技发展有限责任公司 | Stripping and absorbing apparatus used for processing sewage |
| CN102989266B (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2016-12-21 | 杨友发 | The technique of ammonium sulfate crystallization technical finesse ammonia and equipment |
| CN103071661B (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2015-05-27 | 杭州师范大学 | Landfill stink in-situ control reactor and operation method thereof |
| CN103043860B (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2014-06-04 | 雷学军 | Leachate utilizing equipment and method in biomass landfilling process |
| CN103043823A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-04-17 | 浙江闰土股份有限公司 | Method for recycling waste water containing ammonium chloride |
| CN109879512A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-06-14 | 浙江中诚环境研究院有限公司 | Method for treating garbage percolation liquid based on ceramic membrane |
| CN111748012A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-10-09 | 广东闻扬环境科技有限公司 | Device and method for recovering ammonium from ammonian-containing stock solution and concentrating protein stock solution |
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| CN2518844Y (en) * | 2001-12-26 | 2002-10-30 | 上海化工研究院 | Ammonia air-separating tower for garbage percolation liquid |
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