CN101808874B - 储能器的冷却方法 - Google Patents

储能器的冷却方法 Download PDF

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CN101808874B
CN101808874B CN2008801094297A CN200880109429A CN101808874B CN 101808874 B CN101808874 B CN 101808874B CN 2008801094297 A CN2008801094297 A CN 2008801094297A CN 200880109429 A CN200880109429 A CN 200880109429A CN 101808874 B CN101808874 B CN 101808874B
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accumulator
cooling
rail vehicles
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CN101808874A (zh
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彼得·埃克特
迈克尔·迈纳特
卡斯滕·雷肯伯格
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Siemens Mobility GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
    • B61C3/00—Electric locomotives or railcars
    • B61C3/02—Electric locomotives or railcars with electric accumulators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
    • B61D27/0072—Means for cooling only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6566—Means within the gas flow to guide the flow around one or more cells, e.g. manifolds, baffles or other barriers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
    • H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H2001/003—Component temperature regulation using an air flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种在铁路机车车辆中用空气冷却储能器的方法。本发明规定，将来自铁路机车车辆的经冷却或调温的空间中的空气直接引向储能器。这尤其只有当所述空间内的温度低于外界温度时才发生。

Description

储能器的冷却方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种在铁路机车车辆中用空气冷却储能器的方法。
背景技术
在铁路机车车辆中可存在针对不同目的的储能器。尤其需要大功率储能器，以便在没有从外部输入能量的情况下至少能区段性地推动铁路机车车辆，例如城市有轨电车。当城市有轨电车应运行通过狭窄的道路或通过步行区时，希望在线路区段没有架空线或接触轨。
储能器、尤其这种为了运行城市有轨电车需要的大功率储能器，由于内部功率损失导致储能器发热。这种热损失导致缩短储能器的使用寿命。
已经有人建议，用空气或水冷却储能器。然而在应冷却那些例如应当用于在一个既没有架空线也没有接触轨的区段为城市有轨电车供电的电负荷和热负荷很大的储能器时，已知的这种冷却能效不够高。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是，提供一种在铁路机车车辆中冷却储能器的方法，这种方法能实现比迄今更加有效的冷却。
上述技术问题按照本发明是这样得以解决的，即，将来自铁路机车车辆的经冷却或调温的空间中的空气直接引向储能器。
采用按照本发明方法带来的优点是，在储能器内产生的热量能迅速和可靠地散出，因为输入时冷却的空气有比环境空气低得多的温度。由于这种更好的冷却方法，有利地导致明显增大工作能力以及延长储能器使用寿命。还可以有利地使用能承受比迄今的储能器高得多的电负荷和热负荷的储能器。
例如只有在经冷却或调温的空间内的温度低于外界温度时，才将空气从该空间直接引向储能器。要不然将环境空气引向储能器。
由此获得的优点是，总是将能利用的最冷的空气来用于冷却。
经冷却或调温的空间例如是铁路机车车辆中的乘客车厢或驾驶室。
本发明的方法可以使用于城市有轨电车、动车组或机车中。在这里，一种装有橡胶轮胎在轨道上运行的车辆也看作铁路机车车辆。
具体实施方式
储能器例如装在铁路机车车辆内或铁路机车车辆外部。
储能器例如装在铁路机车车辆车顶上或地板下。
储能器例如是电储能器，例如是双层电容。
按另一种例子，储能器是电化学储能器，例如电池。这种电池可例如是铅电池、镍镉电池、镍金属氢化物电池或锂离子电池。
储能器也可以由电储能器和电化学储能器组合而成。
例如储能器由多个单个电池构成。
例如将空气通过一个在铁路机车车辆车体中的孔引向储能器。以此方式有利地保证，将来自车体内腔，确切地说来自一个经冷却或调温例如或是乘客车厢或是驾驶室的空间的空气，使用于冷却储能器。所述的孔可处于车体侧壁、车顶或地板中。
按另一种例子，将空气通过一个在铁路机车车辆折棚中的孔引向储能器。由此带来的优点是，空气通道可例如借助柔性软管特别简单的安置在折棚上。
例如冷却过程通过控制单元控制或调整。在这里有利地从经冷却或调温的空间只抽出为冷却储能器所必需的冷却空气量。不影响乘客车厢或驾驶室的冷却或调温。从而有利地将用于冷却的能耗降到最低程度。
例如冷却过程通过控制单元的多个分散的部件控制或调整。它们可分布地安装在车辆内。
例如空气只通过一个管道被引向多个储能器。由此有少量管道就够用了。相同的冷却空气先后流过多个储能器。
按另一种例子，从一个主空气管道分出一些支线，这些支路通向多个储能器的各个储能器。
多个储能器例如装在铁路机车车辆内和/或铁路机车车辆外部。
例如将它们装在铁路机车车辆车顶上和/或地板下。
采用按照本发明的方法获得的优点尤其是，在储能器内产生的热量能比迄今可能的方法更好地散出。这归因于利用了已经冷却的空气。
通过这种更好的冷却方法，可以在相同的空间位置安装比迄今更多个储能器。此外，通过改善冷却明显提高储能器工作能力和延长使用寿命。

Claims (14)

1.一种在铁路机车车辆中用空气冷却储能器的方法，所述储能器由电储能器和电化学储能器组合而成，其中，将来自铁路机车车辆的经冷却或经调温的空间中的空气直接引向储能器。
2.按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征为，只有在经冷却或经调温的空间内的温度低于外界温度时，才将空气从该空间直接引向储能器，否则将环境空气引向储能器。
3.按照权利要求1或2之一所述的方法，其特征为，所述经冷却或经调温的空间是乘客车厢或驾驶室。
4.按照权利要求1至2之一所述的方法，其特征为，储能器装在铁路机车车辆的内部或外部。
5.按照权利要求4所述的方法，其特征为，储能器装在铁路机车车辆车顶上或地板下。
6.按照权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征为，储能器由多个单个电池构成。
7.按照权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征为，将空气通过在铁路机车车辆车体中的孔引向储能器。
8.按照权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征为，将空气通过在铁路机车车辆折棚中的孔引向储能器。
9.按照权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征为，冷却过程通过控制单元控制或调整。
10.按照权利要求9所述的方法，其特征为，冷却过程通过控制单元的多个分散的部件控制或调整。
11.按照权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征为，将空气只通过一个管道引向多个储能器。
12.按照权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征为，从一个主空气管道分出一些支线，这些支线通向多个储能器的各储能器。
13.按照权利要求11所述的方法，其特征为，多个储能器装在铁路机车车辆的内部或外部。
14.按照权利要求13所述的方法，其特征为，多个储能器装在铁路机车车辆车顶上和/或地板下。
CN2008801094297A 2007-09-27 2008-09-02 储能器的冷却方法 Active CN101808874B (zh)

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DE102007046368A DE102007046368A1 (de) 2007-09-27 2007-09-27 Verfahren zum Kühlen eines Energiespeichers
PCT/EP2008/061547 WO2009043667A1 (de) 2007-09-27 2008-09-02 Verfahren zum kühlen eines energiespeichers

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ES2377425T3 (es) 2012-03-27
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ATE539940T1 (de) 2012-01-15
DE102007046368A1 (de) 2009-04-02
WO2009043667A1 (de) 2009-04-09
US20100200190A1 (en) 2010-08-12
EP2193062B1 (de) 2012-01-04

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