Background technology
Mushroom development along with expanding economy and urban infrastructure; Requirement to land resources is urgent day by day; The saliferous hydraulic fill sea mud that dredging is come out is used for sea reclamation, has become coastal cities and has alleviated the nervous effective way of land resources, simultaneously along with the increase of city's green areas and the enhancing of people's environmental protection consciousness; The greening problem in coastal cities comes into one's own day by day, and the large-area saline-alkali soil resource in coastal cities makes the land resources of its urban afforestation more nervous.Hydraulic fill sea mud is that the throwing out deposition of river alluvium in modern age salinity in seawater forms, and does not have soil-forming process to take place, and is not natural soils; Be the soil parent material of marine solonchak, have the saltiness height, structure is poor, proportion and unit weight big, porosity and PQ are little; Clay content is high, and quality is sticking heavy, does not have a fertility; Do not possess plant growing and the characteristics such as condition that become to live; If can develop hydraulic fill sea mud and do planting technique soil, just can solve the nervous problem of land resources of urban afforestation to a great extent, and meet sustainable development idea.
In order to make hydraulic fill sea mud be applied to afforestation; The method that adopts at present has through the natural precipitation desalination; The halophitic vegetations such as Suaeda salsa, Herba Salsolae Collinae, white thorn of growing are then improved; Treating that salinity drops to is used after meeting general ornamental plant tolerance level, or carries out desalination with the mode that stirs quickening desalinations such as carbide slag, flyash, alkaline residue, thick bone property material, plants corresponding floristics to the structure of the mixed-matrix after the desalination.
Though it is high that aforesaid method has solved the hydraulic fill sea mud saltiness, structure is poor, does not possess plant growing and the problem that becomes to live; But still not enough below existing, through the natural precipitation desalination, and then improve through halophitic vegetation natural succession mode and to need the cycle oversize; Can't adapt to afforestation construction, Economic development and human settlement and build requirement, mix the quick desalination problem that carbide slag, flyash, alkaline residue, thick bone property material etc. have solved hydraulic fill sea mud the time, the structure of mixed-matrix also be improved significantly; But the mixed-matrix pH value after the desalination is higher, and quality is main with sand grains, and ventilating permeable is strong and the preserve moisture and fertility ability is lower; The hydraulic fill sea mud organic content is low simultaneously; Fertility is barren, makes so that mixed-matrix is afforested after the desalination, may cause that green tree species is single, species diversity lacks, problems such as the plant growing way is poor, ecological benefits are low, view dullness; The important breakthrough of big area greening can't be played, also bigger Ecology Action can't be played.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of prior art, a kind of hydraulic filling sea mud culture substrate is provided.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical scheme:
A kind of hydraulic filling sea mud culture substrate consists of by weight: 1 part of hydraulic fill sea mud mixed-matrix, superphosphate of lime 0.02-0.04 part, fertilizer 0.044-0.091 part, mud 0.159-0.2 part after the desalination.
Described fertilizer is at least a in cow dung, chicken manure, the pig manure.
Described mud is air-dry, and saltiness is less than 2%, and the pH value is 6.3-7.2, and organic content is 40-50%, and each item heavy metal content meets the standard among the GB4284-84 " pollutent control criterion in the agricultural mud ".
After the described desalination hydraulic fill sea mud mixed-matrix in hydraulic fill sea mud, add carbide slag, thick bone property material carries out the matrix after the desalination improvement, the volume parts of hydraulic fill sea mud, carbide slag and thick bone property material is than being 0.5-0.65: 0.01-0.5: 0.25-0.5.
Described thick bone property material is at least a in liquid slag, hydraulic reclamation sea sand, the river sand.
Concrete steps are: after desalination, add superphosphate of lime, fertilizer, mud in the hydraulic fill sea mud mixed-matrix; Press ratio of quality and the number of copies; The hydraulic fill sea mud mixed-matrix is got 1 part, superphosphate of lime 0.02-0.04 part, fertilizer 0.044-0.091 part, mud 0.159-0.2 part after the desalination; Mix evenly, sow or plant plant after mixing, carry out normal routine servicing management.
Described plant is general glycophyte and salt tolerant alkali, the plant of strong stress resistance.
Through the hydraulic filling sea mud culture substrate after the growth season, the pH value is between 7.28-7.80, and saltiness is less than 0.3%, and organic content is between 1.69%-3.74%, and structure coefficient is between 84.81%-93.00%.
The beneficial effect that the present invention had:
(1), the present invention's hydraulic fill sea mud mixed-matrix after the desalination, physico-chemical property is greatly improved, pH reduces; Microaggregate increases, and fertility improves, and makes it can be applied to more floristics and more large-area greening; To improving the vast strand of China and the landlocked saltings ecosystem, enrich the saltings view, increase the floristics variety; Improve fertility, increase economic return, have important practical significance.
(2), technical costs of the present invention is low; With execute compoiste fertilizer in the hydraulic fill sea mud mixed-matrix after desalination entirely and compare; Per tonly save 150-300 unit cost, and the present invention develops mud as main fertilizer, mud is sewage work to solid-state, semi-solid state that is produced in the sewage treatment process and liquid waste; The present invention has opened up a new way for the disposal and the recycling of mud, has remarkable economic efficiency, ecological benefits and social benefit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of hydraulic filling sea mud culture substrate consists of by weight: 1 part of hydraulic fill sea mud mixed-matrix, 0.02 part of superphosphate of lime, 0.05 part of cow dung, 0.2 part in mud after the desalination.
The hydraulic fill sea mud mixed-matrix is for adding the matrix after carbide slag, hydraulic reclamation sea sand carries out the desalination improvement after the described desalination in hydraulic fill sea mud, and the volume parts ratio of hydraulic fill sea mud, carbide slag and hydraulic reclamation sea sand is 0.55: 0.50: 0.40.
Described mud is air-dry, and saltiness is 1.7%, and pH is 7.14, and organic content is 46.86%, and each item heavy metal content meets the standard among the GB4284-84 " pollutent control criterion in the agricultural mud ".
Concrete steps are: after desalination, add superphosphate of lime, fertilizer, mud in the hydraulic fill sea mud mixed-matrix; Press ratio of quality and the number of copies; The hydraulic fill sea mud mixed-matrix is got 1 part, superphosphate of lime and is got 0.02 part, cow dung and get 0.05 part, mud and get 0.2 part after the desalination, mixes evenly, presses 30g/m
2Application rate seeding lawn natural plant height fescue grass, then carry out the management of normal routine servicing; Control group is that the hydraulic fill sea mud mixed-matrix is pressed 30g/m after desalination
2Application rate seeding lawn natural plant height fescue grass, then carry out the management of normal routine servicing.
Experiment showed, that the effect after the present invention implements is following:
(1), the pH value average out to 7.53 of hydraulic filling sea mud culture substrate after growth season, in the pH value scope of plant optimum growth, and control group pH value average out to 8.25 after growth season, the obvious reduction of visible pH value;
(2), organic content average out to 3.54% in the hydraulic filling sea mud culture substrate after growth season; And the control group organic content is 0.94%; Organic content significantly improves, and (in general soil with organic matter content in North China's is high fertility soil more than 1.5% to belong to high fertility soil; And content is lower than 1.0%, is low fertility soil.);
(3), the structure coefficient of hydraulic filling sea mud culture substrate exceeds 9.27% on average 89.67% than control group after growth season, than control group, coacervate content obviously increases in the hydraulic filling sea mud culture substrate, physico-chemical property be improved significantly;
(4), after growth season on the hydraulic filling sea mud culture substrate turf speed of turfgrass Festuca Arundinacea obviously accelerate, the quality on lawn is significantly improved, the biological total amount in above and below ground is on average at 11164.65g/m
2, plant height average out to 32cm, and the biological total amount average out to 3428.57g/m of control group
2, plant height average out to 8cm.
Embodiment 2
A kind of hydraulic filling sea mud culture substrate consists of by weight: 1 part of hydraulic fill sea mud mixed-matrix, 0.04 part of superphosphate of lime, 0.091 part of cow dung, 0.159 part in mud after the desalination.
The hydraulic fill sea mud mixed-matrix is for adding the matrix after carbide slag, hydraulic reclamation sea sand carries out the desalination improvement after the described desalination in hydraulic fill sea mud, and the volume parts ratio of hydraulic fill sea mud, carbide slag and hydraulic reclamation sea sand is 0.55: 0.50: 0.40.
Described mud is air-dry, and saltiness is 1.7%, and pH is 7.14, and organic content is 46.86%, and each item heavy metal content meets the standard among the GB4284-84 " pollutent control criterion in the agricultural mud ".
Concrete steps are: after desalination, add superphosphate of lime, fertilizer, mud in the hydraulic fill sea mud mixed-matrix; Press ratio of quality and the number of copies; The hydraulic fill sea mud mixed-matrix is got 1 part, superphosphate of lime and is got 0.04 part, cow dung and get 0.091 part, mud and get 0.159 part after the desalination, mixes evenly, presses 30g/m
2Application rate seeding lawn natural plant height fescue grass, then carry out the management of normal routine servicing, accomplish until a growth season; Control group is that the hydraulic fill sea mud mixed-matrix is pressed 30g/m after desalination
2Application rate seeding lawn natural plant height fescue grass, then carry out the management of normal routine servicing.
Experiment showed, that the effect after the present invention implements is following:
(1), the pH value average out to 7.28 of hydraulic filling sea mud culture substrate after growth season, in the pH value scope of plant optimum growth, and control group pH value average out to 8.25 after growth season, the obvious reduction of visible pH value;
(2), organic content average out to 3.74% in the hydraulic filling sea mud culture substrate after growth season; And the control group organic content is 0.94%; Organic content significantly improves, and (in general soil with organic matter content in North China's is high fertility soil more than 1.5% to belong to high fertility soil; And content is lower than 1.0%, is low fertility soil.);
(3), the structure coefficient of hydraulic filling sea mud culture substrate exceeds 9.83% on average 90.23% than control group after growth season, than control group, coacervate content obviously increases in the hydraulic filling sea mud culture substrate, physico-chemical property be improved significantly;
(4), after growth season on the hydraulic filling sea mud culture substrate turf speed of turfgrass Festuca Arundinacea obviously accelerate, the quality on lawn is significantly improved, the biological total amount in above and below ground is on average at 9108.28g/m
2, plant height average out to 29cm, and the biological total amount average out to 3428.57g/m of control group
2, plant height average out to 8cm.
Embodiment 3
A kind of hydraulic filling sea mud culture substrate consists of by weight: 1 part of hydraulic fill sea mud mixed-matrix, 0.04 part of superphosphate of lime, 0.091 part of cow dung, 0.159 part in mud after the desalination.
The hydraulic fill sea mud mixed-matrix is for adding the matrix after carbide slag, hydraulic reclamation sea sand carries out the desalination improvement after the described desalination in hydraulic fill sea mud, and the volume parts ratio of hydraulic fill sea mud, carbide slag and hydraulic reclamation sea sand is 0.55: 0.50: 0.40.
Described mud is air-dry, and saltiness is 1.7%, and pH is 7.14, and organic content is 46.86%, and each item heavy metal content meets the standard among the GB4284-84 " pollutent control criterion in the agricultural mud ".
Concrete steps are: after desalination, add superphosphate of lime, fertilizer, mud in the hydraulic fill sea mud mixed-matrix; Press ratio of quality and the number of copies; The hydraulic fill sea mud mixed-matrix is got 1 part, superphosphate of lime and is got 0.04 part, cow dung and get 0.091 part, mud and get 0.159 part after the desalination, mixes evenly, presses 4g/m
2Application rate sowing Bai Sanye, then carry out normal routine servicing management, accomplish until a growth season; Control group is that the hydraulic fill sea mud mixed-matrix is pressed 4g/m after desalination
2Application rate sowing Bai Sanye, then carry out normal routine servicing management.
Experiment showed, that the effect after the present invention implements is following:
(1), the pH value average out to 7.55 of hydraulic filling sea mud culture substrate after growth season, in the pH value scope of plant optimum growth, and control group pH value average out to 8.09 after growth season, the obvious reduction of visible pH value;
(2), organic content average out to 2.97% in the hydraulic filling sea mud culture substrate after growth season; And the control group organic content is 0.87%; Organic content significantly improves, and (in general soil with organic matter content in North China's is high fertility soil more than 1.5% to belong to high fertility soil; And content is lower than 1.0%, is low fertility soil.);
(3), the structure coefficient of hydraulic filling sea mud culture substrate exceeds 9.27% on average 89.67% than control group after growth season, than control group, coacervate content obviously increases in the hydraulic filling sea mud culture substrate, physico-chemical property be improved significantly;
(4), after growth season the biological total amount in hydraulic filling sea mud culture substrate Bai Sanye above and below ground on average at 3375.80g/m
2, and the biological total amount average out to 350.32g/m of control group
2
The present invention adds superphosphate of lime, fertilizer and mud just in the hydraulic fill sea mud mixed-matrix after desalination; The one, further improve the physico-chemical property of mixed-matrix; Its pH value is reduced; The soil dispersion coefficient reduces, and structure coefficient increases and improve the fertility of mixed-matrix etc., is the wider direct improvement utilization and the quick condition that provides that makes up of hydraulic reclamation district vegetation of hydraulic fill sea mud; The 2nd, development and use mud is as main fertilizer, opened up a new way for its disposal and utilization, and it is turned bane into boon, and reaches the purpose of comprehensive utilization, protection environment and raising society, economy, ecological benefits.
Other area beyond in Tianjin, fertilizer and mud have certain difference, can be in the reality according to the particular case of locality, to the amount that applies by superphosphate of lime: 2%-4%, fertilizer 4.4%-9.1%, mud 15.9%-20% carries out suitable adjustment.
The above; It only is preferred embodiment of the present invention; Be not that technical scheme of the present invention is done any pro forma restriction; Every foundation technical spirit of the present invention all still belongs in the scope of technical scheme of the present invention any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment did.