CN101754079B - Sound-generating device - Google Patents
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- CN101754079B CN101754079B CN 200810218230 CN200810218230A CN101754079B CN 101754079 B CN101754079 B CN 101754079B CN 200810218230 CN200810218230 CN 200810218230 CN 200810218230 A CN200810218230 A CN 200810218230A CN 101754079 B CN101754079 B CN 101754079B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sound-generating device, comprising a sound-generating component and a signal input device, wherein the sound-generating component comprises at least a carbon nano tube line shaped structure, and the signal input device inputs a signal to the carbon nano tube line shaped structure to ensure the carbon nano tube line shaped structure to change the density of the surrounding medium to send out sound waves. The sound-generating device can be used in the earphones, sound boxes, radios and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sound-producing device, relate in particular to a kind of sound-producing device based on thermoacoustic effect.
Background technology
Sound-producing device generally is comprised of signal input apparatus and sounding component,, and then sounds to sounding component by the signal input apparatus input signal.Sounding component of the prior art is generally a loud speaker.This loud speaker is a kind of electro-acoustic element that the signal of telecommunication is converted to voice signal.Particularly, can to change the audio-frequency electric power signal in the certain limit into distortion by the transducing mode little and have a sub-audible sound of enough sound pressure levels for loud speaker.The kind of existing loud speaker is a lot, is divided into according to its operation principle: dynamic speaker, electromagnetic loudspeaker, electrostatic loudspeaker and piezo-electric loudspeaker.Although their working method is different, generally is by producing mechanical oscillation and promotes ambient air, thereby make air dielectric produce the conversion that fluctuation realizes " electricity-Li-sound ".They mostly adopt the vibrating diaphragm vibration to sound, and structure is comparatively complicated.
In earlier 1900s, someone has proposed a kind of conception of the thermic sounding component based on thermoacoustic effect, see also document " The Thermophone ", Edward C.Wente, Phys.Rev, Vol.XIX, No.4, pp333-345 (1921) and " On Some Thermal Effects of Electric Currents ", WilliamHenry Preece, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Vol.30, (1879-1881), pp408-411 (1880).This thermic sounding component is realized sounding by pass into alternating current in a tinsel or wire.This tinsel or wire must have less thermal capacitance, thinner thickness, and can be with the characteristics of the rapid conduction of its inner heat that produces to surrounding gas medium.When alternating current passes through described tinsel or wire, variation with AC current intensity, the rapidly heating and cooling of tinsel or wire, and and surrounding gas medium heat exchange occurs rapidly, make the gas medium molecular motion, the density of surrounding gas medium also changes thereupon, and then sends sound wave.
H.D.Arnold and I.B.Crandall have also introduced a kind of simple thermo-acoustic device, see also " The thermophone as a precision source of sound ", H.D.Arnold, I.B.Crandall, Phys.Rev.L 10,22-38 (1917).See also Fig. 1, this sound-producing device 100 adopts a platinized platinum to make sounding component 102, and the thickness of this platinized platinum is 0.7 micron.This sounding component 102 is fixing by anchor clamps 104.Described sounding component 102 and anchor clamps 104 are arranged on a matrix 108 surfaces.Current feed 106 is electrically connected with described sounding component 102, is used for to described sounding component 102 input electrical signals.The audible frequency of this sounding component 102 and its unit are thermal capacitance are closely related.The unit are thermal capacitance is large, audible frequency narrow range then, and intensity is low; The unit are thermal capacitance is little, audible frequency wide ranges then, and intensity is high.Wish obtains to have the sound wave of wider audible frequency scope and higher-strength, then requires the unit are thermal capacitance of sounding component 102 to heal better little.Because the restriction of material itself, metal platinized platinum thickness minimum can only reach 0.7 micron, and the unit are thermal capacitance minimum of the platinized platinum of 0.7 micron thick can only reach 2 * 10
-4Every square centimeter of Kelvin of joule.Because the restriction that held by bill of materials plane accumulated heat, the audible frequency of described sounding component 102 is the highest only can to reach 4 KHz.The audible frequency of this sounding component 102 is narrower, and intensity of phonation is lower, is not enough to allow the direct perception of people's ear.
In sum, described sounding component 102 audible frequency scopes are narrower, and the intensity of phonation of described sounding component 102 is low, and people's ear is difficult to direct perception.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, necessary a kind of audible frequency wider range, the sound-producing device based on thermoacoustic effect that intensity of phonation is high of providing.
A kind of sound-producing device, it comprises a sounding component, and one is used for input signal to the signal input apparatus of this sounding component.Wherein, this sounding component comprises at least one liner structure of carbon nano tube.Described signal input apparatus input signal is given this liner structure of carbon nano tube, and the density that makes this liner structure of carbon nano tube change surrounding medium is sent sound wave.
Compared with prior art, described sound-producing device has the following advantages: because liner structure of carbon nano tube has less unit are thermal capacitance and larger specific area, therefore this sounding component has the characteristics rapid, that thermo-lag is little, rate of heat exchange is fast that heat up, therefore the sound-producing device that this liner structure of carbon nano tube forms can send the sound in the wider frequency range, has preferably sounding effect, and its intensity of phonation is higher, can be arrived by people's ear direct sensing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of loud speaker in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of first embodiment of the invention sound-producing device.
Fig. 3 is the non-stereoscan photograph that reverses carbon nano tube line in the liner structure of carbon nano tube in the first embodiment of the invention sound-producing device.
Fig. 4 is the stereoscan photograph that reverses carbon nano tube line in the liner structure of carbon nano tube in the first embodiment of the invention sound-producing device.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of second embodiment of the invention sound-producing device.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of third embodiment of the invention sound-producing device.
Embodiment
Describe the sound-producing device of the embodiment of the invention in detail below with reference to accompanying drawing.
See also Fig. 2, first embodiment of the invention provides a kind of sound-producing device 10, and this sound-producing device 10 comprises a signal input apparatus 12, one sounding component 14, one supporting constructions, 16, one first electrodes 142 and one second electrodes 144.Described the first electrode 142 and the second electrode 144 intervals arrange, and are electrically connected with described signal input apparatus 12.16 pairs of sounding components 14 of described supporting construction, described the first electrode 142 and the second electrode 144 play a supportive role.
Described sounding component 14 comprises at least one liner structure of carbon nano tube 140, and this liner structure of carbon nano tube 140 comprises at least one carbon nano tube line.The unit are thermal capacitance of described liner structure of carbon nano tube 140 is less than 2 * 10
-4Every square centimeter of Kelvin of joule, preferably, the unit are thermal capacitance of described liner structure of carbon nano tube 140 is less than 5 * 10
-5Every square centimeter of Kelvin of joule.The diameter of this liner structure of carbon nano tube 140 is not limit, can be according to the practical application adjustment.When this liner structure of carbon nano tube 140 was applied to hot sounding component, the contact area of itself and air was larger, and its intensity of phonation is higher.Because this liner structure of carbon nano tube 140 is comprised of carbon nano tube line, and this carbon nano tube line comprises a plurality of carbon nano-tube, and carbon nano-tube has higher toughness and mechanical strength, and therefore the described sounding component 14 of at least one liner structure of carbon nano tube 140 that comprises has higher toughness and mechanical strength.When described sounding component 14 comprised a plurality of liner structure of carbon nano tube 140, these a plurality of liner structure of carbon nano tube 140 both can be arranged in parallel, also can cross arrangement, thus the sounding component 14 that also can be interweaved and consist of a stratiform.In the present embodiment, described sounding component 14 comprises a plurality of liner structure of carbon nano tube that are arranged in parallel 140, and the diameter of this liner structure of carbon nano tube 140 is 50 microns.Described liner structure of carbon nano tube 140 is the minimum phonation unit of this sounding component 14, and the unit are thermal capacitance of this sounding component 14 is identical with the unit are thermal capacitance of liner structure of carbon nano tube 140, and these sounding component 14 unit are thermal capacitances are less than 2 * 10
-4Every square centimeter of Kelvin of joule.
Described liner structure of carbon nano tube 140 comprises at least one carbon nano tube line, and the diameter of this carbon nano tube line is 0.5 nanometer-100 micron.When described liner structure of carbon nano tube 140 only comprised a carbon nano tube line, this carbon nano tube line can be for reversing carbon nano tube line or the non-carbon nano tube line that reverses.When described liner structure of carbon nano tube 140 comprised many carbon nano tube lines, this carbon nano-tube can be for reversing carbon nano tube line, non-ly reversing carbon nano tube line or both combinations.Particularly, when this liner structure of carbon nano tube 140 comprises many carbon nano tube lines, these many carbon nano tube lines both can be arranged in parallel along an axis and form the liner structure of carbon nano tube 140 of fascicular texture, also can reverse the liner structure of carbon nano tube 140 that forms a torsion structure around same axis.
Carbon nano-tube in this liner structure of carbon nano tube 140 comprises one or more in Single Walled Carbon Nanotube, double-walled carbon nano-tube and the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes.The diameter of described Single Walled Carbon Nanotube is 0.5 nanometer～50 nanometers, and the diameter of described double-walled carbon nano-tube is 1.0 nanometers～50 nanometers, and the diameter of described multi-walled carbon nano-tubes is 1.5 nanometers～50 nanometers.
See also Fig. 3, the described non-carbon nano tube line that reverses comprises a plurality of carbon nano-tube of arranging along the carbon nano tube line axial direction.Particularly, this non-carbon nano tube line that reverses comprises a plurality of carbon nano-tube fragments, and these a plurality of carbon nano-tube fragments link to each other by Van der Waals force, and each carbon nano-tube fragment comprises a plurality of carbon nano-tube that are parallel to each other and combine closely by Van der Waals force.This carbon nano-tube fragment has arbitrarily length, thickness, uniformity and shape.This non-length of reversing carbon nano tube line is not limit, and diameter can be 0.5 nanometer-100 micron.The non-carbon nano tube line that reverses can obtain for carbon nano-tube film is processed by organic solvent.Particularly, organic solvent is infiltrated the whole surface of described carbon nano-tube film, under the capillary effect that when this organic solvent volatilization, produces, the a plurality of carbon nano-tube that are parallel to each other in the carbon nano-tube film are combined closely by Van der Waals force, thereby make carbon nano-tube film be punctured into a non-carbon nano tube line that reverses.This organic solvent can be volatile organic solvent, such as ethanol, methyl alcohol, acetone, dichloroethanes or chloroform, adopts ethanol in the present embodiment.Compare with the carbon nano-tube film of processing without organic solvent by the non-carbon nano tube line that reverses that organic solvent is processed, its specific area reduces, and viscosity reduces.Described non-carbon nano tube line and preparation method thereof that reverses that process to obtain by organic solvent specifically sees also the people such as Fan Shoushan in application on December 16th, 2005, in disclosed CN1982209A continent publication application on June 20 in 2007 (applicant: Tsing-Hua University; Hongfujin Precise Industry (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.).
The described carbon nano tube line that reverses is for adopting a mechanical force that acquisition is reversed at described carbon nano-tube film two ends in opposite direction.See also Fig. 4, this reverses carbon nano tube line and comprises a plurality of carbon nano-tube of arranging around the carbon nano tube line axial screw.Particularly, this reverses carbon nano tube line and comprises a plurality of carbon nano-tube fragments, and these a plurality of carbon nano-tube fragments link to each other by Van der Waals force, and each carbon nano-tube fragment comprises a plurality of carbon nano-tube that are parallel to each other and combine closely by Van der Waals force.This carbon nano-tube fragment has arbitrarily length, thickness, uniformity and shape.This reverses the carbon nano-tube line length and does not limit, and diameter can be 0.5 nanometer-100 micron.Further, can adopt an organic solvent to process this and reverse carbon nano tube line.Under the capillary effect that produces when this organic solvent volatilization, the carbon nano-tube adjacent in the carbon nano tube line of reversing after the processing is combined closely by Van der Waals force, and this specific area of reversing carbon nano tube line is reduced, and density and intensity increase.
Carbon nano tube line is reversed in preparation and the non-used carbon nanometer film of carbon nano tube line of reversing can be by adopting a stretching tool directly to pull from a carbon nano pipe array and obtains, described carbon nano-tube film is transparent or semitransparent, and the most carbon nano-tube in the described carbon nano-tube film link to each other by Van der Waals force.Structure of described carbon nano-tube film and preparation method thereof sees also the people such as Fan Shoushan in application on February 9th, 2007, in disclosed CN101239712A continent publication application in Augusts 13 in 2008 (applicant: Tsing-Hua University; Hongfujin Precise Industry (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.).
See also Fig. 2, described the first electrode 142 and the second electrode 144 are electrically connected with the two ends of described signal input apparatus 12 by external wire 149, are used for the signal that described signal input apparatus 12 produces is transferred to described sounding component 14.Described the first electrode 142 and the second electrode 144 also can play the effect of supporting described sounding component 14.This first electrode 142 and the second electrode 144 are formed by electric conducting material, and its concrete shape structure is not limit.Particularly, the material of this first electrode 142 and the second electrode 144 may be selected to be metal, conducting resinl, carbon nano-tube, indium tin oxide (ITO) etc.The shape of this first electrode 142 and the second electrode 144 may be selected to be a kind of in stratiform, bar-shaped, block or other shape.In the present embodiment, this first electrode 142 and the second electrode 144 are bar-shaped metal electrode.In the described sounding component 14, the two ends of each liner structure of carbon nano tube 140 are electrically connected with described the first electrode 142 and the second electrode 144 respectively, and fixing by described the first electrode 142 and the second electrode 144.Because described the first electrode 142 and the second electrode 144 intervals arrange, can access certain resistance when described sounding component 14 is applied to sound-producing device 10 and avoid short circuit phenomenon to produce.Because carbon nano-tube has great specific area, under the effect of Van der Waals force, this liner structure of carbon nano tube 140 itself has good adhesiveness, therefore when adopting this liner structure of carbon nano tube 140 to make sounding component 14, can directly be adhered fixed between described the first electrode 142 and the second electrode 144 and the described liner structure of carbon nano tube 140, and formation well electrically contacts.
In addition, can further include a conduction tack coat (not shown) between described the first electrode 142 and the second electrode 144 and the described sounding component 14.Described conduction tack coat can be arranged at described sounding component 14 and the first electrode 142 and the second electrode 144 contacted surfaces.Described conduction tack coat can also make described the first electrode 142 and the second electrode 144 and described sounding component 14 fixing better when realizing that the first electrode 142 and the second electrode 144 electrically contact with described sounding component 14.In the present embodiment, described conduction bonding layer material is elargol.
Described supporting construction 16 mainly plays a supportive role, and its shape is not limit, and any object with definite shape such as a wall or desktop, all can be used as the supporting construction 16 in the first embodiment of the invention.Particularly, described supporting construction 16 can be a planar structure or a curved-surface structure, and has a surface.At this moment, this sounding component 14 directly arranges and fits in the surface of this supporting construction 16.Support by supporting constructions 16 because this sounding component 14 is whole, so this sounding component 14 can the stronger signal input of bearing strength, thereby have higher intensity of phonation.
The material of this supporting construction 16 is not limit, and can be a hard material, such as diamond, glass or quartz.The material of described supporting construction 16 also can be a flexible material, such as plastics or resin.Preferably, the material of this supporting construction 16 should have preferably heat-insulating property, thereby prevents that the heat that this sounding component 14 produces from exceedingly being absorbed by this supporting construction 16, thereby can't reach the purpose of circumference medium and then sounding.In addition, this supporting construction 16 should have a comparatively coarse surface, thereby can make to be arranged at its surperficial sounding component 14 and to have larger contact area with air or other extraneous media, and then can improve to a certain extent the sounding effect of described sound-producing device 10.
Be appreciated that when described the first electrode 142 and the second electrode 144 and can play the effect of supporting described sounding component 14.When described sounding component 14 can be realized self-supporting, described supporting construction 16 was an optional structure.Particularly, consist of one when having the layer structure of self-supporting when above-mentioned sounding component 14 is interweaved by a plurality of liner structure of carbon nano tube 140, this supporting construction 16 is an optional structure.
Described signal input apparatus 12 can be audio electrical signal input unit, optical signal input device, signal of telecommunication input unit and electromagnetic wave signal input unit etc.Correspondingly, the signal of described signal input apparatus 12 inputs is not limit, and comprises electromagnetic wave signal, ac signal, audio electrical signal and light signal etc.The signal that is appreciated that 12 inputs of described signal input apparatus is relevant with the concrete application of described sound-producing device 10, as: when as described in sound-producing device 10 when being applied to broadcast receiver, the signal that described signal input apparatus 12 is inputted is electromagnetic wave; When described sound-producing device 10 was applied to earphone, the signal of described signal input apparatus 12 inputs was ac signal or audio electrical signal.In the present embodiment, described signal input apparatus 12 is signal of telecommunication input unit.
Be appreciated that the difference according to signal input apparatus 12, described the first electrode 142, the second electrode 144 and external wire 149 are selectable structure.When input signal was the signal such as light or electromagnetic wave, described signal input apparatus 12 directly input signal was given described sounding component 14, need not electrode and wire.
Above-mentioned sound-producing device 10 in use, described sounding component 14 is comprised of a plurality of liner structure of carbon nano tube that are arranged in parallel 140, the diameter of each liner structure of carbon nano tube 140 is 50 microns.Because this liner structure of carbon nano tube 140 has less unit are thermal capacitance and larger heat-delivery surface, behind input signal, these rapidly heating and cooling of liner structure of carbon nano tube 140, produce periodic variations in temperature, and and surrounding medium carry out fast heat exchange, thereby periodically change the density of surrounding medium, make surrounding medium periodic expansion and contraction, and then sound.Described liner structure of carbon nano tube 140 be this sound-producing device 10 sounding component 14 minimum phonation units, and the power of this sounding component 14 is the power sum of its minimum phonation unit, therefore, the liner structure of carbon nano tube more than 140 that this sounding component 14 comprises, its power is larger.In addition, liner structure of carbon nano tube 140 in the embodiment of the invention has higher toughness and mechanical strength, described liner structure of carbon nano tube 140 can be made the sound-producing device 10 of various shape and size easily, but this sound-producing device 10 can be conveniently used in the device of various sounding, in the electronic applications such as sound equipment, mobile phone, MP3, MP4, TV, computer and other sound-producing device 10.Described medium can be liquid medium or gaseous medium, and in the present embodiment, this medium is gaseous medium.
In the present embodiment, the sounding component 14 of this sound-producing device 10 is the sounding component of a planar structure, it comprises 5 liner structure of carbon nano tube that are arranged in parallel 140, and the spacing between the liner structure of carbon nano tube 140 is 1 centimetre, and the diameter of this liner structure of carbon nano tube 140 is 50 microns.Give the ac signal of 50 volts of these sounding component 14 inputs, measuring and can get apart from its 1 centimeters: described sounding component 14 sound pressure levels reach as high as 95 decibels, and minimum is 50 decibels; The audible frequency scope be 100 hertz to more than 100,000 hertz.Therefore described sound-producing device 10 has certain intensity of phonation, and frequency range is wider, and ideal sounding effect is arranged.
See also Fig. 5, second embodiment of the invention provides a kind of sound-producing device 20.This sound-producing device 20 comprises a signal input apparatus 22, a sounding component 24, one first electrode 242, one second electrode 244, a third electrode 246 and one the 4th electrode 248.
In the present embodiment, described sounding component 24 is identical with sounding component 14 structures among the first embodiment.This sounding component 24 comprises at least one liner structure of carbon nano tube 240.In the present embodiment, this sounding component 24 is a plurality of liner structure of carbon nano tube 240.These a plurality of liner structure of carbon nano tube 240 arrange around described the first electrode 242, the second electrode 244, third electrode 246 and the 4th electrode 248.
Sound-producing device 20 in the second embodiment of the invention and the structure of the sound-producing device 10 among the first embodiment are basic identical, difference is, sound-producing device 20 in the second embodiment of the invention comprises four electrodes, i.e. the first electrode 242, the second electrode 244, third electrode 246 and the 4th electrode 248.Described the first electrode 242, the second electrode 244, third electrode 246 and the 4th electrode 248 are bar-shaped metal electrode, and the space parallel interval arranges.Described sounding component 24 comprises a plurality of liner structure of carbon nano tube 240, these a plurality of liner structure of carbon nano tube 240 arrange and are electrically connected respectively with described the first electrode 242, the second electrode 244, third electrode 246 and the 4th electrode 248 around described the first electrode 242, the second electrode 244, third electrode 246 and the 4th electrode 248, form an annular sounding component 24.Any two adjacent electrodes are electrically connected with the two ends of described signal input apparatus 22 respectively, so that the sounding component 24 access input signals between adjacent electrode.Particularly, be electrically connected with an end of described signal input apparatus 22 after first non-conterminous two electrodes being connected with wire 249, two remaining electrodes are electrically connected with the other end of described signal input apparatus 22 after connecting with wire 249.In the embodiment of the invention, can first described the first electrode 242 be connected with third electrode and be electrically connected with an end of described signal input apparatus 22 after connecting with wire 249, again will described the second electrode 244 and 249 connections of the 4th electrode 248 usefulness wires are rear is electrically connected with the other end of described signal input apparatus 22.Above-mentioned connected mode can realize the parallel connection of the liner structure of carbon nano tube 240 between the adjacent electrode.Liner structure of carbon nano tube 240 after the parallel connection has less resistance, can reduce operating voltage.And above-mentioned connected mode can make described sounding component 24 have larger swept area, and intensity of phonation is enhanced, and can realize around sounding effect.In addition, when the area of described sounding component 24 was larger, described the first electrode 242, the second electrode 244, third electrode 246 and the 4th electrode 248 also can further play the effect of supporting described sounding component 24.
Be appreciated that described the first electrode 242, the second electrode 244, third electrode 246 and the 4th electrode 248 also can be arranged in the same plane with described sounding component 24.The connected mode of the described connected mode that is arranged on each electrode in the same plane and above-mentioned electrode is same or similar.
Be appreciated that in this embodiment a plurality of electrodes can be set, its quantity is not limit, and only need guarantee that any two adjacent electrodes are electrically connected with the two ends of described signal input apparatus 22 respectively to get final product.
See also Fig. 6, the technical program the 3rd embodiment provides a kind of sound-producing device 30, and this sound-producing device 30 comprises a signal input apparatus 32, one sounding components 34, one supporting constructions 36.Described sounding component 34 is arranged on the described supporting construction 36.Described signal input apparatus 32 comprises an electromagnetic wave generator 322 and a modulating device 324.These signal input apparatus 32 input electromagnetic wave signals 326 are given described sounding component 34.Described signal input apparatus 32 is an electromagnetic wave signal input unit.In the present embodiment, described sounding component 34 is identical with sounding component 14 structures among the first embodiment.
Described electromagnetic wave generator 322 and these sounding component 34 corresponding and interval settings are used for providing an electromagnetic wave.Described modulating device 324 is arranged between this electromagnetic wave generator 322 and the sounding component 34, be used for described electromagnetic wave is carried out the modulation of intensity or frequency, this electromagnetic intensity or Frequency generated are changed, thereby produce an electromagnetic wave signal 326 that is loaded with audio-frequency information.The wave-length coverage of this electromagnetic wave signal 326 comprises radio wave, infrared ray, visible light, ultraviolet ray, microwave, X ray and gamma-rays etc.The average power density of this electromagnetic wave signal 326 is at 1 μ W/mm
2～20kW/mm
2In the scope.The intensity of this electromagnetic wave signal 326 or frequency can constantly change, thereby can make the liner structure of carbon nano tube as sounding component 34 absorb this electromagnetic wave signal 326 intermittent-heating air, make the continuous dilation of air, and then continue to sound.The intensity of this electromagnetic wave signal 326 is can not be too weak can not be too strong, can't provide enough energy to make sounding component 34 sounding when electromagnetic wave signal 326 is too weak, when this electromagnetic wave signal 326 is too strong this sounding component 34 destroyed.Preferably, this electromagnetic wave generator 322 is a laser generator.This laser generator can be semiconductor laser, gas laser, solid state laser or dye laser.The electromagnetic wave that sends from above-mentioned laser generator is a light wave, and the wave-length coverage of this light wave is that ultraviolet is to the far infrared zone.Through the modulation of over-modulating device 324, this light wave changes a light signal into.The average power density of this light signal is about 10mW/mm
2
Particularly, described modulating device 324 can with described electromagnetic wave generator 322 integrated settings, perhaps be arranged on the electromagnetic wave propagation path that described electromagnetic wave generator 322 produces.When this modulating device 324 and described electromagnetic wave generator 322 integrated the setting, this modulating device 324 is directly controlled electromagnetic intensity and the frequency that described electromagnetic wave generator 322 sends, thereby makes this electromagnetic wave generator 322 directly produce electromagnetic wave signal 326 proportional to the variation of the signal of telecommunication.When this modulating device 324 was arranged on the described electromagnetic wave propagation path, the electromagnetic wave that this electromagnetic wave generator 322 produces was converted into an electromagnetic wave signal 326 through behind this modulating device 324.
When this electromagnetic wave generator 322 is a laser generator, and when described modulating device 324 arranges with this laser generator is integrated, thereby this modulating device 324 is directly controlled the laser pumping source realization of this laser generator to the modulation of this laser by a modulation drive circuit; Modulation element perhaps is set in the resonant cavity of this laser generator changes resonator parameter, thereby change the laser output characteristic realization of laser generator to the modulation of this laser.When this modulating device 324 was arranged on the propagation path of described laser, this modulating device 324 can be an electrooptic crystal.
Distance between this signal input apparatus 32 and the sounding component 34 is not limit, but should guarantee can be passed to this sounding component 34 surfaces from the electromagnetic wave signal 326 that this signal input apparatus 32 sends.In addition, when this electromagnetic wave signal 326 is a light signal, and when this signal input apparatus 32 and this sounding component 34 are distant, this signal input apparatus 32 may further include an optical fiber, this optical fiber one end is connected with described signal input apparatus 32, the other end extends near the described sounding component 34, thereby makes above-mentioned electromagnetic wave signal 326 be passed at a distance sounding component 34 surfaces by optical fiber.When this signal input apparatus 32 comprised an optical fiber, described modulating device 324 can be arranged at the initiating terminal of optical fiber or finish on the end.
Described supporting construction 36 mainly plays a supportive role, and its shape is not limit, and any object with definite shape such as a wall or desktop, all can be used as the supporting construction 36 in the third embodiment of the invention.Particularly, this supporting construction 36 can be a plane or curved-surface structure, and has a surface.At this moment, this sounding component 34 directly arranges and fits on the surface of this supporting construction 36.Support by supporting constructions 36 because this sounding component 34 is whole, so this sounding component 34 can higher electromagnetic wave signal 326 inputs of bearing strength, thereby have higher intensity of phonation.In addition, this supporting construction 36 also can be a frame structure, rod shaped structure or irregularly shaped structure.At this moment, these sounding component 34 parts contact with this supporting construction 36, the unsettled setting of remainder.This kind set-up mode can make this sounding component 34 and air or surrounding medium carry out better heat exchange.This sounding component 34 is larger with air or surrounding medium contact area, and rate of heat exchange is faster, therefore has better phonation efficiency.
The material of this supporting construction 36 is not limit, and can be a hard material, such as diamond, glass, quartz or wood materials.In addition, the material of described supporting construction 36 also can be a flexible material, such as plastics, resin or paper material.Preferably, the material of this supporting construction 36 should have preferably heat-insulating property, thereby prevents heat that this sounding component 34 produces by these supporting construction 36 taken in excess, thereby can't reach the purpose that adds the hot-air sounding.In addition, this supporting construction 36 is preferably the supporting construction with a more coarse surface, thereby can make the sounding component 34 that is arranged at above-mentioned supporting construction 36 surfaces have larger contact area with air or other extraneous media.
The sounding component 34 of the sound-producing device 30 of the embodiment of the invention adopts liner structure of carbon nano tube to consist of, this liner structure of carbon nano tube comprises a plurality of carbon nano-tube, since carbon nano-tube to electromagnetic absorption near absolute black body, thereby make sounding component 34 have the absorption characteristic of homogeneous for the electromagnetic wave of various wavelength.In addition, carbon nano-tube has less unit are thermal capacitance and larger area of dissipation.Therefore, when the carbon nano-tube in the sounding component 34 was subject to such as electromagnetic irradiations such as laser, carbon nano-tube was excited because absorbing luminous energy, and makes all or part of heat that changes into of luminous energy of absorption.And then the temperature of liner structure of carbon nano tube raises rapidly, and and ambient air or other media carry out rapidly heat exchange.If the electromagnetic wave of irradiation is through periodic intensity modulated, then in carbon nano-tube, produce periodic variations in temperature, thereby make the medium around the liner structure of carbon nano tube also produce periodic variations in temperature, so that the density of surrounding medium also produces periodic variation, thereby the surrounding air of causing or other media expand rapidly and shrink, thereby sound.
Compared with prior art, described sound-producing device has the following advantages: one, because liner structure of carbon nano tube has less unit are thermal capacitance and larger specific area, therefore this sounding component has the characteristics rapid, that thermo-lag is little, rate of heat exchange is fast that heat up, therefore the sound-producing device that this liner structure of carbon nano tube forms can send the sound in the wider frequency range, have preferably sounding effect, and its intensity of phonation is higher.Its two because carbon nano-tube has preferably mechanical strength and toughness, this liner structure of carbon nano tube comprises a plurality of carbon nano-tube, its mechanical strength is higher, good stability, therefore the sounding component that is comprised of liner structure of carbon nano tube has preferably mechanical strength and toughness, durability is better.Its three because liner structure of carbon nano tube has larger draw ratio, and this liner structure of carbon nano tube can consist of the sounding component of various structures, thereby is conducive to prepare the sound-producing device of various shapes, size, and then is conveniently used in various fields.
In addition, those skilled in the art also can do other variations in spirit of the present invention, and certainly, the variation that these are done according to spirit of the present invention all should be included within the present invention's scope required for protection.
Claims (13)
1. sound-producing device, it comprises:
One sounding component; And
One signal input apparatus;
It is characterized in that, described sounding component comprises at least one liner structure of carbon nano tube, described signal input apparatus input signal is given this at least one liner structure of carbon nano tube, make this liner structure of carbon nano tube change described signal into heat energy heating change ambient density and send sound wave, described liner structure of carbon nano tube comprises that the unit are thermal capacitance of a plurality of carbon nano-tube and this liner structure of carbon nano tube is less than 2 * 10
-4Every square centimeter of Kelvin of joule.
2. sound-producing device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the unit are thermal capacitance of described liner structure of carbon nano tube is less than 5 * 10
-5Every square centimeter of Kelvin of joule.
3. sound-producing device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the audible frequency of described sound-producing device is 100 hertz-100,000 hertz.
4. sound-producing device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described liner structure of carbon nano tube comprises at least one reverse carbon nano tube line, at least one non-reverse carbon nano tube line or both combinations.
5. sound-producing device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described liner structure of carbon nano tube is to reverse carbon nano tube line, and described a plurality of carbon nano-tube are arranged around this carbon nano tube line axial screw, and this diameter that reverses carbon nano tube line is 0.5 nanometer-100 micron.
6. sound-producing device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described liner structure of carbon nano tube is a non-carbon nano tube line that reverses, and described a plurality of carbon nano-tube align mutually along this carbon nano-tube bobbin, and this non-diameter that reverses carbon nano tube line is 0.5 nanometer-100 micron.
7. sound-producing device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described sound-producing device further comprises at least two electrodes, this at least two electrode gap setting and be electrically connected with described sounding component, described signal input apparatus by electrode to the sounding component input signal.
8. sound-producing device as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described sound-producing device further comprises a plurality of electrodes, and any two adjacent electrodes are electrically connected with the two ends of described signal input apparatus respectively in these a plurality of electrodes.
9. sound-producing device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described sounding component comprises a plurality of liner structure of carbon nano tube, and these a plurality of liner structure of carbon nano tube are arranged in parallel or are interweaved and consist of the sounding component of a planar structure.
10. sound-producing device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described sound-producing device further comprises a supporting construction, and described sounding component is fixedly installed by this supporting construction.
11. sound-producing device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the signal that described signal input apparatus produces comprises one or more in electromagnetic wave signal, ac signal, audio electrical signal and the light signal.
12. a sound-producing device, it comprises:
One electromagnetic wave signal input unit;
One sounding component, this sounding component and interval corresponding with this electromagnetic wave signal input unit arranges;
It is characterized in that, this sounding component comprises at least one liner structure of carbon nano tube, this electromagnetic wave signal input unit transmits electromagnetic wave signal to this at least one liner structure of carbon nano tube, this liner structure of carbon nano tube is by the signal that receives the electromagnetic wave signal input unit and send and change described signal into the heat energy heating and change ambient density and send sound wave, and described liner structure of carbon nano tube comprises that the unit are thermal capacitance of a plurality of carbon nano-tube and this liner structure of carbon nano tube is less than 2 * 10
-4Every square centimeter of Kelvin of joule.
13. sound-producing device as claimed in claim 12, it is characterized in that, described electromagnetic wave signal input unit comprises an electromagnetic wave generating device and modulating device, and this modulating device is arranged between described electromagnetic wave generating device and the sounding component, and is positioned on the transmission path of described electromagnetic wave signal.
Priority Applications (23)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210248444.8A CN102769814B (en) | 2008-12-05 | 2008-12-05 | Sounding device |
| CN 200810218230 CN101754079B (en) | 2008-12-05 | 2008-12-05 | Sound-generating device |
| US12/387,089 US8068624B2 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2009-04-28 | Thermoacoustic device |
| US12/387,100 US8199938B2 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2009-04-28 | Method of causing the thermoacoustic effect |
| US12/455,606 US8249279B2 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2009-06-04 | Thermoacoustic device |
| US12/459,041 US8019099B2 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2009-06-25 | Thermoacoustic device |
| US12/459,052 US8073164B2 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2009-06-25 | Thermoacoustic device |
| US12/459,040 US8073163B2 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2009-06-25 | Thermoacoustic device |
| US12/459,054 US8068625B2 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2009-06-25 | Thermoacoustic device |
| US12/459,053 US8073165B2 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2009-06-25 | Thermoacoustic device |
| US12/459,046 US8050430B2 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2009-06-25 | Thermoacoustic device |
| US12/459,039 US8019098B2 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2009-06-25 | Thermoacoustic device |
| US12/459,051 US8019100B2 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2009-06-25 | Thermoacoustic device |
| US12/459,038 US8019097B2 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2009-06-25 | Thermoacoustic device |
| US12/459,564 US8068626B2 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2009-07-02 | Thermoacoustic device |
| US12/459,495 US8059841B2 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2009-07-02 | Thermoacoustic device |
| US12/459,543 US8050431B2 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2009-07-02 | Thermoacoustic device |
| US12/459,565 US8259966B2 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2009-07-02 | Acoustic system |
| US12/589,462 US8259967B2 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2009-10-22 | Thermoacoustic device |
| US12/590,291 US8259968B2 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2009-11-05 | Thermoacoustic device |
| US12/590,258 US8452031B2 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2009-11-05 | Ultrasonic thermoacoustic device |
| JP2009272795A JP5356992B2 (en) | 2008-12-05 | 2009-11-30 | Thermoacoustic device |
| US12/655,502 US8270639B2 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2009-12-31 | Thermoacoustic device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200810218230 CN101754079B (en) | 2008-12-05 | 2008-12-05 | Sound-generating device |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201210248444.8A Division CN102769814B (en) | 2008-12-05 | 2008-12-05 | Sounding device |
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| CN101754079A CN101754079A (en) | 2010-06-23 |
| CN101754079B true CN101754079B (en) | 2013-02-13 |
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| CN201210248444.8A Active CN102769814B (en) | 2008-12-05 | 2008-12-05 | Sounding device |
| CN 200810218230 Active CN101754079B (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2008-12-05 | Sound-generating device |
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| CN201210248444.8A Active CN102769814B (en) | 2008-12-05 | 2008-12-05 | Sounding device |
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| CN (2) | CN102769814B (en) |
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| CN103841480B (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2017-04-26 | 清华大学 | Earphone |
| DE202013103247U1 (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2013-07-30 | Hannys Angel Limited | therapy device |
| CN108807721B (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2020-04-14 | 清华大学 | Preparation method of organic light emitting diode array |
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| CN101594563A (en) * | 2008-04-28 | 2009-12-02 | 北京富纳特创新科技有限公司 | sound-producing device |
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| CN2640177Y (en) * | 2002-05-10 | 2004-09-08 | 王玉兰 | Self-mixing interference microphone with semiconductor laser |
| JP3657574B2 (en) * | 2002-05-31 | 2005-06-08 | 独立行政法人科学技術振興機構 | Manufacturing method of carbon nanowire |
| CN1173210C (en) * | 2002-12-13 | 2004-10-27 | 北京工业大学 | Scoustoelectric light modulator of optical fiber for body wave |
| CN1960943B (en) * | 2004-04-19 | 2013-01-02 | 独立行政法人科学技术振兴机构 | Carbon-based fine structure group, aggregate of carbon based fine structure, use thereof and method for preparation thereof |
| CN1821048B (en) * | 2005-02-18 | 2014-01-15 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Micronl nano thermoacoustic vibration excitor based on thermoacoustic conversion |
| JP5017522B2 (en) * | 2005-09-13 | 2012-09-05 | 株式会社アイ．エス．テイ | Planar heating element and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN100500556C (en) * | 2005-12-16 | 2009-06-17 | 清华大学 | Carbon nano-tube filament and its production |
| WO2007099975A1 (en) * | 2006-02-28 | 2007-09-07 | Toyo Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha | Carbon nanotube assembly, carbon nanotube fiber and process for producing carbon nanotube fiber |
| CN101314465B (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2011-03-23 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Method for preparing branch type carbon nanotubes |
| CN201156734Y (en) * | 2008-01-07 | 2008-11-26 | 段寿永 | Infrared system and earphone having compressed transmission and receiving extension function |
| CN101600141B (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2015-03-11 | 清华大学 | Sound production device |
| CN101715160B (en) * | 2008-10-08 | 2013-02-13 | 清华大学 | Flexible sound producing device and sound producing flag |
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| CN101754079A (en) | 2010-06-23 |
| CN102769814B (en) | 2015-07-01 |
| JP2010136369A (en) | 2010-06-17 |
| CN102769814A (en) | 2012-11-07 |
| JP5356992B2 (en) | 2013-12-04 |
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