CN101740022A - Metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material and method for preparing same - Google Patents
Metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material and method for preparing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN101740022A CN101740022A CN200910219594A CN200910219594A CN101740022A CN 101740022 A CN101740022 A CN 101740022A CN 200910219594 A CN200910219594 A CN 200910219594A CN 200910219594 A CN200910219594 A CN 200910219594A CN 101740022 A CN101740022 A CN 101740022A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material and a method for preparing the same. The metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material is formed by multi-layers of metallic fiber porous material layers which are piled, the multi-layers of metallic fiber porous material layers are sintered into a whole, and the pore sizes or porosities of the multi-layers of metallic fiber porous material layers are in gradient arrangement from top to bottom. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: 1, laying the single-layer metallic fiber felt; 2, preparing a plurality of metallic fiber porous material layers; 3, performing low-temperature sintering of the plurality of metallic fiber porous material layers by using a vacuum sintering furnace respectively; 4, performing flattening treatment; 5, piling; and 6, performing low-temperature sintering of the piled metallic fiber porous material layers by using the vacuum sintering furnace. The preparation process is simple and conveniently realized, the used equipment are all the common equipment, the investment cost is low, the operability is strong, the produced metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material has excellent performance, particularly desirable full frequency sound absorbing performance, so that the metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material can be widely used as the sound absorbing lining in the field of noise control.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to acoustic absorbant processing and manufacturing technical field, especially relate to a kind of metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Metal fiber polyporous material has obtained extensive attention as acoustic absorbant of new generation, compare with the inorganic fibre acoustic absorbant with early stage acoustic absorbant such as vegetable fibre acoustic absorbant, that metal fiber polyporous material has is anticorrosion, moistureproof, waterproof, heat-resisting, be difficult for advantage such as aging, pollution-free, easy processing, its major defect is the low frequency absorption poor-performing.Increase material thickness, add air chamber in the material back wall, and the modes such as factor of porosity that reduce material all can improve the effect of low frequency absorption performance, but the sound absorbing capabilities of high frequency treatment is descended to some extent.This mainly is because monolayer material exists sound absorption peak value and valley in the full range scope, the sound absorbing capabilities at peak value place is best, the sound absorbing capabilities at valley place is the poorest, increase the thickness of material or the first sound absorption peak value of material is moved to low frequency at material back wall interpolation cavity, but also can alternately occur absorbing sound subsequently peak value and valley.After two or more Different Pore Structures or factor of porosity material stacked according to the gradient order, produced the sound absorbing capabilities complementary effect between the different materials, not only the sound absorbing capabilities at low frequency place is significantly improved, simultaneously high frequency treatment also keeps the good characteristic of high acoustic absorption coefficient, and acoustical absorption coefficient steadily rises in wide frequency ranges very.But without any adhesion, when sound wave was propagated between each layer of Different Pore Structures, the stack interface did not have any sound absorption between sound-absorbing material layer that is superimposed and the layer, even voice phenomenon takes place to leak.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is at above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, and a kind of simple in structure, rationally novel in design and good metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material of acoustically effective is provided.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material, it is characterized in that: be made up of the multiple layer metal fiber multihole material layer that is stacked together and structure is different, described multiple layer metal fiber multihole material layer is sintered to one and forms whole acoustic absorbant; The pore structure of described multiple layer metal fiber multihole material layer or factor of porosity are all different, and the pore size of multiple layer metal fiber multihole material layer or the arrangement in gradient from top to bottom of factor of porosity size.
Described metal fiber polyporous material is stainless steel, aluminium, titanium, copper or iron-chromium-aluminum.
Being shaped as of described metal fiber polyporous material layer is square or circular.
The used metal fibre material of described multiple layer metal fiber multihole material layer is all identical.
The quantity of described metal fiber polyporous material layer is for two-layer at least.
Simultaneously, the invention also discloses that a kind of preparation method is simple, technological process is short, input cost is low and the metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material preparation method of the metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material superior performance of producing, it is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, shop system single-layer metal fibrofelt: according to length-diameter ratio 200～1000: 1 will selected metal fibre equal sections of cutting into, adopt nonwoven shop felt machine or manual metal fibre that will the section of cutting into to spread and make the even and ganoid single-layer metal fibrofelt of thickness afterwards;
Step 2, a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material layers of preparation: at first, described single-layer metal fibrofelt is cut into pieces; Secondly, according to the pore size or the factor of porosity size of a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material layers of required preparation, the single-layer metal fiber mat after cutting into pieces is mixed with a plurality of pore structures or all different metal fiber polyporous material preparation part of factor of porosity; Afterwards, adopt press device respectively a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material preparation parts to be suppressed, and obtain the different metal fiber polyporous material layer of a plurality of structures;
Step 3, low-temperature sintering: adopt vacuum sintering furnace and, respectively described a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material layers are carried out low-temperature sintering according to the material of used metal fibre and according to common process;
Step 4, smooth processing: adopt press device respectively to suppressing respectively with smooth through low sintering a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material layers, a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material layer thicknesses after repressed and smooth are even;
Step 5, stack: according to pore size or factor of porosity size order, stacked the putting together of a plurality of metal fiber polyporous materials that will be after smooth processing, and make the pore size of described a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material layers or factor of porosity size arrange in gradient from top to bottom;
Step 6, high temperature sintering: adopt vacuum sintering furnace that a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material layers that are stacked together are carried out high temperature sintering, sintering temperature is higher than the low-temperature sintering temperature of arbitrary metal fiber polyporous material layer in the step 3, just obtains the metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material finished product.
Press device described in the above-mentioned steps four is an oil press.
Described in the above-mentioned steps three carry out described in low-temperature sintering and the step 6 carry out high temperature sintering the time, sintering vacuum tightness is 10
-2～10
-3Pa.
Described in metal fiber polyporous material layer after the compacting of repressed equipment described in the above-mentioned steps two and the step 4 repressed and smooth after the thickness of metal fiber polyporous material layer identical.
During a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material layer of preparation described in the above-mentioned steps two, according to the factor of porosity size of a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material layers of required preparation, the single-layer metal fiber mat after cutting into pieces is mixed with all different metal fiber polyporous material preparation part of a plurality of factor of porosity; During each metal fiber polyporous material preparation part of concrete preparation, be the single-layer metal fiber mat that formula ε=1-m/ (ρ sd) takes by weighing respective quality according to the quality volumetric method, ε is the factor of porosity of required metal fiber polyporous material layer in the formula; M is the quality of the single-layer metal fiber mat that takes by weighing; ρ is the density of required metal fiber polyporous material layer; S is the area of required metal fiber polyporous material layer; D is the thickness of required metal fiber polyporous material layer.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, the metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material of being produced is made up of the metal fiber polyporous material of Different Pore Structures or factor of porosity, combination is good between each layer, effectively avoided of the influence of stack interface to sound absorption, material all has sound absorbing capabilities preferably in low frequency tremendously high frequency scope, especially have the good characteristic that keeps acoustical absorption coefficient steadily to rise at high frequency treatment in wider frequency range.
2, step of preparation process is simple, realization is convenient, device therefor is common equipment, input cost is low and the property grasped is strong, earlier felt is made in the metal fibre shop, again metal fiber felt is mixed with the presintering of pressurizeing behind the porosint, carry out after the smooth processing again carrying out high temperature sintering after gradient order according to pore structure or factor of porosity stacks composition material and just can obtain finished product, the metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material superior performance of being produced, have good full-frequency sound absorption performance, can be widely used in field of noise control and do the sound absorption liner.
3, can the simple and convenient metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material of preparing multiple different performance parameter.
In sum, step of preparation process of the present invention is simple, realization is convenient, device therefor is common equipment, input cost is low and the property grasped is strong, the metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material superior performance of being produced, have good full-frequency sound absorption performance, can be widely used in field of noise control and do the sound absorption liner.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is preparation technology's process flow diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material of the present invention is made up of the multiple layer metal fiber multihole material layer that is stacked together and structure is different, and described multiple layer metal fiber multihole material layer is sintered to one and forms whole acoustic absorbant.The pore structure of described multiple layer metal fiber multihole material layer or factor of porosity are all different, and the pore size of multiple layer metal fiber multihole material layer or the arrangement in gradient from top to bottom of factor of porosity size.
In the actual fabrication process, described metal fiber polyporous material is stainless steel, aluminium, titanium, copper or iron-chromium-aluminum.Being shaped as of described metal fiber polyporous material layer is square or circular, and the used metal fibre material of described multiple layer metal fiber multihole material layer is all identical, during actual fabrication, also can choose a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material layers of different metal fiber material according to concrete needs.
As shown in Figure 1, during the preparation metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, shop system single-layer metal fibrofelt: according to length-diameter ratio 200～1000: 1 will selected metal fibre equal sections of cutting into, adopt nonwoven shop felt machine or manual metal fibre that will the section of cutting into to spread and make the even and ganoid single-layer metal fibrofelt of thickness afterwards;
Step 2, a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material layers of preparation: at first, described single-layer metal fibrofelt is cut into pieces; Secondly, according to the pore size or the factor of porosity size of a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material layers of required preparation, the single-layer metal fiber mat after cutting into pieces is mixed with a plurality of pore structures or all different metal fiber polyporous material preparation part of factor of porosity; Afterwards, adopt press device respectively a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material preparation parts to be suppressed, and obtain the identical metal fiber polyporous material layer of a plurality of structures;
Step 3, low-temperature sintering: adopt vacuum sintering furnace and, respectively described a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material layers are carried out low-temperature sintering according to the material of used metal fibre and according to common process;
Step 4, smooth processing: adopt press device respectively to suppressing respectively with smooth through low sintering a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material layers, a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material layer thicknesses after repressed and smooth are even;
Step 5, stack: according to pore size or factor of porosity size order, stacked the putting together of a plurality of metal fiber polyporous materials that will be after smooth processing, and make the pore size of described a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material layers or factor of porosity size arrange in gradient from top to bottom;
Step 6, high temperature sintering: adopt vacuum sintering furnace that a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material layers that are stacked together are carried out high temperature sintering, sintering temperature is higher than the low-temperature sintering temperature of arbitrary metal fiber polyporous material layer in the step 3, just obtains the metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material finished product.
In the actual fabrication process, described in the step 3 carry out described in low-temperature sintering and the step 6 carry out high temperature sintering the time, sintering vacuum tightness is 10
-2～10
-3Pa.Described in metal fiber polyporous material layer after the compacting of repressed equipment described in the step 2 and the step 4 repressed and smooth after the thickness of metal fiber polyporous material layer identical.
Be noted that: before the preparation, the metal fiber polyporous material layer number of first design and the metal fibre material of selected metal fiber polyporous material layer are carried out global design to the whole metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material structure of required preparation simultaneously.In the actual use, the acoustical absorption coefficient difference of acoustic absorbant under different frequency will be improved the sound absorbing capabilities under a certain frequency, can realize by the factor of porosity, thickness and the interpolation cavity that change material, just under a certain frequency values, there be factor of porosity, thickness and the cavity value an of the best.For example: factor of porosity is 91%, thickness is that the acoustical absorption coefficient of iron-chromium-aluminum metal fiber porosint in frequency range is 4000～6400Hz of 10mm reaches more than 90%, by increasing thickness behind 20mm, frequency range is that the acoustical absorption coefficient in 2000～6400Hz all reaches more than 90%, by adding the thick cavity of 70mm, frequency range is that the acoustical absorption coefficient in 500～2000Hz all reaches more than 90%.To sum up, before the preparation, the performance parameter that elder generation need reach according to required preparation metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material, one-piece construction to metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material designs, specifically be to determine the number of plies of metal fiber polyporous material layer and selected metallic fiber material material, the metallic fiber material of selecting for use can be stainless steel, aluminium, titanium, copper or iron-chromium-aluminum.When carrying out low-temperature sintering in the step 3,, select corresponding technological parameter for use according to the concrete material of metallic fiber material; When carrying out high temperature sintering in the step 6, its sintering temperature is higher than the low-temperature sintering temperature of arbitrary metal fiber polyporous material layer in the step 3.
Embodiment 1
The metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material that present embodiment is prepared is made up of the double layer of metal fiber multihole material layer that is stacked together and structure is all different, and described multiple layer metal fiber multihole material layer is sintered to one and forms whole acoustic absorbant.Described double layer of metal fiber multihole material layer is iron-chromium-aluminum material and its, and to be respectively metal fiber polyporous material layer one and the aperture that the aperture is 168 μ m be the metal fiber polyporous material layer two of 79 μ m.The shape of described metal fiber polyporous material layer one and metal fiber polyporous material layer two is circle and its outside dimension is Φ 29mm, and described metal fiber polyporous material layer one overlays on the metal fiber polyporous material layer two and the two is sintered to one and forms whole acoustic absorbant.
In the present embodiment, during the preparation metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, shop system single-layer metal fibrofelt: choosing filament directly is the iron-chromium-aluminum of 20 μ m, and with the equal section of cutting into of selected iron-chromium-aluminum, adopt iron-chromium-aluminum that nonwoven shop felt machine will the section of cutting into to spread afterwards and make the even and ganoid continuous single-layer metal fibrofelt of thickness according to length-diameter ratio 1000: 1; The thickness of the single-layer metal fibrofelt that is paved into is 1～2mm.
Step 2, two metal fiber polyporous material layers of preparation: at first, described single-layer metal fibrofelt is cut into pieces; Secondly, according to the factor of porosity size of two metal fiber polyporous material layers of required preparation, the single-layer metal fiber mat after cutting into pieces is mixed with two metal fiber polyporous material preparation parts that factor of porosity is different; Afterwards, adopt press device respectively two metal fiber polyporous materials preparation parts to be suppressed, and obtain two structure differences and thickness is the circular metal fiber multihole material layer (being metal fiber polyporous material layer one and metal fiber polyporous material layer two) of 15mm.
In the present embodiment, when preparing two metal fiber polyporous material layers, according to the factor of porosity size of two metal fiber polyporous material layers of required preparation, the single-layer metal fiber mat after cutting into pieces is mixed with two metal fiber polyporous material preparation parts that factor of porosity is all different; During each metal fiber polyporous material preparation part of concrete preparation, be the single-layer metal fiber mat that formula ε=1-m/ (ρ sd) takes by weighing respective quality according to the quality volumetric method, ε is the factor of porosity of required metal fiber polyporous material layer in the formula; M is the quality of the single-layer metal fiber mat that takes by weighing; ρ is the density of required metal fiber polyporous material layer; S is the area of required metal fiber polyporous material layer; D is the thickness of required metal fiber polyporous material layer.
Step 3, low-temperature sintering: adopt vacuum sintering furnace that metal fiber polyporous material layer one and metal fiber polyporous material layer two are carried out presintering respectively, vacuum tightness is 10
-2～10
-3Pa, holding temperature is 1250 ℃, temperature retention time is 2h.
Step 4, smooth processing: adopt press device respectively to suppressing respectively with smooth through low sintering two metal fiber polyporous material layers, the even and thickness of two thickness after repressed and smooth is the circular metal fiber multihole material layer of 15mm.In the present embodiment, used press device is an oil press.
Step 5, stack: according to the factor of porosity size order, two stacked putting together of metal fiber polyporous material that will be after smooth processing specifically are that metal fiber polyporous material layer one is overlayed on the metal fiber polyporous material layer two.
Step 6, high temperature sintering: adopt vacuum sintering furnace two metal fiber polyporous material layers that are stacked together to be carried out high temperature sintering, 1350 ℃ of sintering temperatures.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, as different from Example 1: the metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material that present embodiment is prepared, be made up of the three-layer metal fiber multihole material layer that is stacked together and structure is all different, described three-layer metal fiber multihole material layer is sintered to one and forms whole acoustic absorbant.Described three-layer metal fiber multihole material layer is stainless steel fiber material and its, and to be respectively factor of porosity be that 97% metal fiber polyporous material layer one, factor of porosity are that 94% metal fiber polyporous material layer two and factor of porosity are 91% metal fiber polyporous material layer three.The shape of described metal fiber polyporous material layer one, metal fiber polyporous material layer two and metal fiber polyporous material layer three is square and it is of a size of 100mm * 100mm, described metal fiber polyporous material layer two overlays on the metal fiber polyporous material layer three, and the metal fiber polyporous material layer overlays on the metal fiber polyporous material layer two again and again in succession, and the three is sintered to one and forms whole acoustic absorbant.
In the present embodiment, during the preparation metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, shop system single-layer metal fibrofelt: choose the 316L stainless steel fibre that filament directly is 50 μ m, metal fibre is cut into the long fibrous bundle of 100mm, and the manual fibrous bundle that cuts into is spread made the even and ganoid continuous single-layer metal fibrofelt of thickness; The thickness of the single-layer metal fibrofelt that is paved into is 2～3mm.
Step 2, three metal fiber polyporous material layers of preparation: at first, described single-layer metal fibrofelt is cut into pieces; Secondly, according to the factor of porosity size of three metal fiber polyporous material layers of required preparation, the single-layer metal fiber mat after cutting into pieces is mixed with three metal fiber polyporous material preparation parts that factor of porosity is different; Afterwards, adopt press device respectively three metal fiber polyporous materials preparation parts to be suppressed, and obtain the square metal fiber multihole material layer (being metal fiber polyporous material layer one, metal fiber polyporous material layer two and metal fiber polyporous material layer three) that three structure differences and thickness are 10mm.
In the present embodiment, when preparing three metal fiber polyporous material layers, according to the factor of porosity size of three metal fiber polyporous material layers of required preparation, the single-layer metal fiber mat after cutting into pieces is mixed with three metal fiber polyporous material preparation parts that factor of porosity is all different; During each metal fiber polyporous material preparation part of concrete preparation, be the single-layer metal fiber mat that formula ε=1-m/ (ρ sd) takes by weighing respective quality according to the quality volumetric method, ε is the factor of porosity of required metal fiber polyporous material layer in the formula; M is the quality of the single-layer metal fiber mat that takes by weighing; ρ is the density of required metal fiber polyporous material layer; S is the area of required metal fiber polyporous material layer; D is the thickness of required metal fiber polyporous material layer.
Step 3, low-temperature sintering: adopt vacuum sintering furnace that metal fiber polyporous material layer one, metal fiber polyporous material layer two and metal fiber polyporous material layer three are carried out presintering respectively, vacuum tightness is 10
-2～10
-3Pa, holding temperature is 1180 ℃, temperature retention time is 2h.
Step 4, smooth processing: adopt press device respectively to suppressing respectively with smooth through low sintering three metal fiber polyporous material layers, the even and thickness of three thickness after repressed and smooth is the square metal fiber multihole material layer of 10mm.In the present embodiment, used press device is an oil press.
Step 5, stack: according to the factor of porosity size order, three stacked putting together of metal fiber polyporous material that will be after smooth processing, specifically be that metal fiber polyporous material layer two is overlayed on the metal fiber polyporous material layer three, and again metal fiber polyporous material layer one overlayed on the metal fiber polyporous material layer two in succession.
Step 6, high temperature sintering: adopt vacuum sintering furnace three metal fiber polyporous material layers that are stacked together to be carried out high temperature sintering, 1250 ℃ of sintering temperatures.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, as different from Example 1: the metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material that present embodiment is prepared, be made up of four layers of metal fiber polyporous material layer that are stacked together and structure is different, described four layers of metal fiber polyporous material layer are sintered to one and form whole acoustic absorbant.Described four layers of metal fiber polyporous material layer are stainless steel fiber material and its aperture is respectively the metal fiber polyporous material layer one of 200 μ m, the metal fiber polyporous material layer two of 150 μ m, the metal fiber polyporous material layer three of 100 μ m and the metal fiber polyporous material layer four of 50 μ m.The shape of described metal fiber polyporous material layer one, metal fiber polyporous material layer two, metal fiber polyporous material layer three and metal fiber polyporous material layer four is square and it is of a size of 170mm * 170mm, described metal fiber polyporous material layer three overlays on the metal fiber polyporous material layer four more in succession, metal fiber polyporous material layer two overlays on the metal fiber polyporous material layer three, the metal fiber polyporous material layer overlays on the metal fiber polyporous material layer two again and again in succession, and four are sintered to one and form whole acoustic absorbant.
In the present embodiment, during the preparation metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, shop system single-layer metal fibrofelt: (removing) 316L stainless steel fibre of choosing filament and directly being 100 μ m is a raw material, metal fibre is cut into the long fibrous bundle of 170mm, and the manual fibrous bundle that cuts into is spread made the even and ganoid continuous single-layer metal fibrofelt of thickness; The thickness of the single-layer metal fibrofelt that is paved into is 2～3mm.
Step 2, four metal fiber polyporous material layers of preparation: at first, described single-layer metal fibrofelt is cut into pieces; Secondly, according to the factor of porosity size of four metal fiber polyporous material layers of required preparation, it is 85% metal fiber polyporous material preparation part that the single-layer metal fiber mat after cutting into pieces is mixed with factor of porosity; Afterwards, adopt press device respectively four metal fiber polyporous materials preparation parts to be suppressed, and obtain four structure differences and thickness is the square metal fiber multihole material layer (being metal fiber polyporous material layer one, metal fiber polyporous material layer two, metal fiber polyporous material layer three and metal fiber polyporous material layer four) of 10mm.
Step 3, low-temperature sintering: adopt vacuum sintering furnace that metal fiber polyporous material layer one, metal fiber polyporous material layer two, metal fiber polyporous material layer three and metal fiber polyporous material layer four are carried out presintering respectively, vacuum tightness is 10
-2～10
-3Pa, holding temperature is 1200 ℃, temperature retention time is 2h.
Step 4, smooth processing: adopt press device respectively to suppressing respectively with smooth through low sintering four metal fiber polyporous material layers, the even and thickness of four thickness after repressed and smooth is the square metal fiber multihole material layer of 10mm.In the present embodiment, used press device is an oil press.
Step 5, stack: according to the factor of porosity size order, three stacked putting together of metal fiber polyporous material that will be after smooth processing, specifically be to overlay metal fiber polyporous material layer three on the metal fiber polyporous material layer four more in succession, metal fiber polyporous material layer two is overlayed on the metal fiber polyporous material layer three, again metal fiber polyporous material layer one is overlayed on the metal fiber polyporous material layer two in succession.
Step 6, high temperature sintering: adopt vacuum sintering furnace four metal fiber polyporous material layers that are stacked together to be carried out high temperature sintering, 1250 ℃ of sintering temperatures.
Embodiment 4
In the present embodiment, as different from Example 1: the metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material that present embodiment is prepared, be made up of the double layer of metal fiber multihole material layer that is stacked together and structure is all identical, described multiple layer metal fiber multihole material layer is sintered to one and forms whole acoustic absorbant.Described double layer of metal fiber multihole material layer is made for the iron-chromium-aluminum material and the aperture is the metal fiber polyporous material layer one of 252 μ m and is made and the aperture is the metal fiber polyporous material layer two of 198 μ m by the 316L stainless steel fibre.
During actual fabrication, as different from Example 1: when adopting vacuum sintering furnace that metal fiber polyporous material layer one is carried out low-temperature sintering in the step 3, holding temperature is 1250 ℃, and temperature retention time is 2h.When adopting vacuum sintering furnace that metal fiber polyporous material layer two is carried out low-temperature sintering, holding temperature is 1180 ℃, and temperature retention time is 2h.In the present embodiment, all the other processing steps are all identical with embodiment 1 with technological parameter.
The above; it only is preferred embodiment of the present invention; be not that the present invention is imposed any restrictions, everyly any simple modification that above embodiment did, change and equivalent structure changed, all still belong in the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention according to the technology of the present invention essence.
Claims (10)
1. metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material, it is characterized in that: be made up of the multiple layer metal fiber multihole material layer that is stacked together and structure is all identical, described multiple layer metal fiber multihole material layer is sintered to one and forms whole acoustic absorbant; The pore structure of described multiple layer metal fiber multihole material layer or factor of porosity are all different, and the aperture of multiple layer metal fiber multihole material layer or the arrangement in gradient from top to bottom of factor of porosity size.
2. according to the described a kind of metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described metal fiber polyporous material is stainless steel, aluminium, titanium, copper or iron-chromium-aluminum.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 described a kind of metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing materials, it is characterized in that: being shaped as of described metal fiber polyporous material layer is square or circular.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 described a kind of metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing materials, it is characterized in that: the used metal fibre material of described multiple layer metal fiber multihole material layer is all identical.
5. according to claim 1 or 2 described a kind of metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing materials, it is characterized in that: the quantity of described metal fiber polyporous material layer is for two-layer at least.
6. the method for preparing metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, shop system single-layer metal fibrofelt: according to length-diameter ratio 200～1000: 1 will selected metal fibre equal sections of cutting into, adopt nonwoven shop felt machine or manual metal fibre that will the section of cutting into to spread and make the even and ganoid single-layer metal fibrofelt of thickness afterwards;
Step 2, a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material layers of preparation: at first, described single-layer metal fibrofelt is cut into pieces; Secondly, according to the pore size or the factor of porosity size of a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material layers of required preparation, the single-layer metal fiber mat after cutting into pieces is mixed with a plurality of apertures or all different metal fiber polyporous material preparation part of factor of porosity; Afterwards, adopt press device respectively a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material preparation parts to be suppressed, and obtain the different metal fiber polyporous material layer of a plurality of structures;
Step 3, low-temperature sintering: adopt vacuum sintering furnace and, respectively described a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material layers are carried out low-temperature sintering according to the material of used metal fibre and according to common process;
Step 4, smooth processing: adopt press device respectively to suppressing respectively with smooth through low sintering a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material layers, a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material layer thicknesses after repressed and smooth are even;
Step 5, stack: according to pore size or factor of porosity size order, stacked the putting together of a plurality of metal fiber polyporous materials that will be after smooth processing, and make the pore size of described a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material layers or factor of porosity size arrange in gradient from top to bottom;
Step 6, high temperature sintering: adopt vacuum sintering furnace that a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material layers that are stacked together are carried out high temperature sintering, sintering temperature is higher than the low-temperature sintering temperature of arbitrary metal fiber polyporous material layer in the step 3, just obtains the metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material finished product.
7. according to the described metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material preparation method of claim 6, it is characterized in that: the press device described in the step 4 is an oil press.
8. according to the described metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material preparation method of claim 6, it is characterized in that: described in the step 3 carry out described in low-temperature sintering and the step 6 carry out high temperature sintering the time, sintering vacuum tightness is 10
-2～10
-3Pa.
9. according to the described metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material preparation method of claim 6, it is characterized in that: described in metal fiber polyporous material layer after the compacting of repressed equipment described in the step 2 and the step 4 repressed and smooth after the thickness of metal fiber polyporous material layer identical.
10. according to the described metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material preparation method of claim 9, it is characterized in that: during a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material layer of preparation described in the step 2, according to the factor of porosity size of a plurality of metal fiber polyporous material layers of required preparation, the single-layer metal fiber mat after cutting into pieces is mixed with all different metal fiber polyporous material preparation part of a plurality of factor of porosity; During each metal fiber polyporous material preparation part of concrete preparation, be the single-layer metal fiber mat that formula ε=1-m/ (ρ sd) takes by weighing respective quality according to the quality volumetric method, ε is the factor of porosity of required metal fiber polyporous material layer in the formula; M is the quality of the single-layer metal fiber mat that takes by weighing; ρ is the density of required metal fiber polyporous material layer; S is the area of required metal fiber polyporous material layer; D is the thickness of required metal fiber polyporous material layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910219594A CN101740022A (en) | 2009-12-18 | 2009-12-18 | Metallic fiber gradient hole sound absorbing material and method for preparing same |
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| CN102298925A (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2011-12-28 | 周国柱 | Composite sound-absorbing structure |
| CN103031461A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-04-10 | 大连理工大学 | Design method for noise-absorption metal fibrous porous material, metal fibrous porous material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103060592A (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2013-04-24 | 上海交通大学 | Through-hole metal foam with gradually varied morphologic characteristics, preparation method of through-hole metal foam, and heat exchange device |
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| CN105033261A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-11-11 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Preparation method of intermediate-frequency sound absorption materials |
| CN105036797A (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-11-11 | 江苏新光环保工程有限公司 | Multilayered-structure porous ceramic sound-absorbing material and preparing method thereof |
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| CN105127431A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-12-09 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Preparation method for low-frequency sound absorption material |
| CN105172275A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-23 | 丹阳市宇晟纺织新材料有限公司 | Full-band sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven composite structure material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105931629A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-09-07 | 北京理工大学 | Composite sound absorption structure for improving set low frequency sound absorption performance |
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| CN102298925A (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2011-12-28 | 周国柱 | Composite sound-absorbing structure |
| CN103031461A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-04-10 | 大连理工大学 | Design method for noise-absorption metal fibrous porous material, metal fibrous porous material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103060592A (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2013-04-24 | 上海交通大学 | Through-hole metal foam with gradually varied morphologic characteristics, preparation method of through-hole metal foam, and heat exchange device |
| CN104451234A (en) * | 2014-12-14 | 2015-03-25 | 辛长礼 | Preparation method of ventilating metal |
| CN105036797A (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-11-11 | 江苏新光环保工程有限公司 | Multilayered-structure porous ceramic sound-absorbing material and preparing method thereof |
| CN105127431B (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2017-09-22 | 西北有色金属研究院 | A kind of preparation method of low frequency absorption material |
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| CN105172275A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-23 | 丹阳市宇晟纺织新材料有限公司 | Full-band sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven composite structure material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105931629A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-09-07 | 北京理工大学 | Composite sound absorption structure for improving set low frequency sound absorption performance |
| CN105931630A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-09-07 | 北京理工大学 | Composite sound absorption structure for improving metal fiber felt low frequency sound absorption performance |
| CN105931629B (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2019-11-22 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of compound sound-absorption structural improving setting low frequency absorption performance |
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| CN110588085A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-12-20 | 哈工大机电工程(嘉善)研究院 | Acoustic lattice interlayer gradient plate |
| CN111617555A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-09-04 | 飞潮（无锡）过滤技术有限公司 | High-temperature catalytic purification metal fiber filter material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112659675A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-16 | 南京海通电子材料科技有限公司 | Method for manufacturing gradient material |
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