CN101733832A - Straw gypsum lightweight plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Straw gypsum lightweight plate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101733832A CN101733832A CN200910241871A CN200910241871A CN101733832A CN 101733832 A CN101733832 A CN 101733832A CN 200910241871 A CN200910241871 A CN 200910241871A CN 200910241871 A CN200910241871 A CN 200910241871A CN 101733832 A CN101733832 A CN 101733832A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a straw gypsum lightweight plate, which comprises the following materials in part by weight: 90 to 100 parts of calcined gypsum, 20 to 40 parts of pulverized straw, 0.2 to 0.4 part of redispersible powder, 0.5 to 0.7 part of gypsum retarder, 0.2 to 0.4 part of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) powder, 5 to 15 parts of white cement and 0.1 to 0.2 part of defoaming agent. The invention also discloses a method for preparing the straw gypsum lightweight plate, which comprises the following steps: firstly, pulverizing and putting straw in a reaction kettle for pretreatment; secondly, performing enzymolysis on the straw by adopting cellulose and centrifugalizing the straw to remove moisture: and thirdly, uniformly mixing in a stirring machine in a proportion of the raw material and water, paving mixture in a paving machine into a plate blank, performing fastening and cold compression on the plate blank to form the plate, and performing subsequent treatment to obtain the straw gypsum lightweight plate. The straw gypsum lightweight plate prepared by the method has the advantages of light weight, fireproofing, waterproofing, good sound isolation effect and good durability, is particularly suitable for an inner wall partition, a non-bearing wall and other building parts, and has good market prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gypsum sheet material, relating in particular to a kind of is the lightweight plate that main raw material(s) is made with the plaster of paris and stalk, belongs to wood-based plate; The invention still further relates to a kind of preparation method of straw gypsum lightweight plate.
Background technology
Existing light-duty partition plate mainly comprises material preparation compositions such as flyash, sandstone, cement, land plaster and glass fiber, though density is little more many than solid clay brick, in itself, actual weight is still heavier, and surface density (60mm is thick) reaches 70-100kg/m
2, construction inconvenience.Another kind of light body sheet material, as the styrofoam with punching is that core covers the sheet material that cement mortar forms outward, intensity difference, can only use as the veneer warming plate, and since its use be whole styrofoam, its cost is higher, therefore, press for invention a kind of can be in light weight and suitable the straw wall that uses of rural area.
Meanwhile, there is abundant stalk resource in China, annual production can reach more than 700,000,000 ton, and wherein 60% is rice wheat, maize straw, is about 400,000,000 tons, be used for also field simultaneously, the stalk of biogas and feed accounts for 30-40%, and the 60-70% of total amount (about 2.5 hundred million tons) does not obtain the development and use of economical rationality for a long time, to such an extent as to the peasant is at autumn harvest crop straw burning in season, cause public hazards, and this situation is not improved effectively.
With stalk is that raw material is made the use that light wall instead of part clay changes, and meets the national development recycling economy, the needs of building a conservation-minded society.At present, from the patent relevant of published application with the stalk wall, application number is that 021103798 " straw-stalk wall material " is in the percentage by weight material of announcing, the parts by weight of gypsum are few, and adhesive is based on acrylic resin, the cooperative effect of stalk and gypsum is bad, can influence the intensity of body of wall, and does not study its performance indications; Application number is that 200610039820.7 the rice/straw insulation material of just having announced is the combined wall of inner core, its technology is with the rice after the applying glue/mat formation in the straw unit, moulding, send into hot press hot pressing, rice after the hot pressing/straw wall heat insulation material is after cutting out saw, and obtaining the oriented wood chipboard material with hard plasterboard again, to be combined into rice/straw insulation material be the combined wall of inner core; Application number is 200310113418.5 announcement is incubated the preparation technology of light body wall, wherein adopt the stalk wall as Hollow wall plate, Hollow wall plate is made up of glass fabric, glass fiber and casting material, wherein casting material by stalk part of plant or/and sawdust, magnesia, magnesium chloride brine and chemical mother liquor form.Above-mentioned two patents are that the independent compression moulding of stalk is compound with plasterboard again, preparation technology's more complicated.
Summary of the invention:
Purpose of the present invention is exactly the problems that exist at existing light wall, and straw gypsum lightweight plate of a kind of environmental protection and energy saving and preparation method thereof is provided.
A kind of straw gypsum lightweight plate of the present invention, it is characterized in that, it counts composition by weight to comprise following material: the plaster of paris: 90-110, crushing straw: 20-40, commercially available redispersable latex powder: 0.2-0.4, calcium sulphate retarder: 0.5-0.7, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) powder: 0.2-0.4, white cement: 5-15 and defoamer: 0.1-0.2.
A kind of preparation method of straw gypsum lightweight plate is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) rice wheat straw is crushed to specific length 5-10mm with stalk crasher, puts into reactor, add clear water and regulate, the quality of water is 2 times of stalk quality, and salt acid for adjusting pH value to 5 is warmed up to 50 ℃ simultaneously.
2) add the millesimal cellulase of stalk quality, stir after 60 minutes, add waterglass and regulate pH value to 9, make enzyme deactivation.
3) discharging, centrifuge filtering moisture dries stand-by.
4) get following composition respectively, meter by weight: crushing straw powder 20-40, water 30-50 that the land plaster 90-110 of calcining, preliminary treatment are good and calcium sulphate retarder 0.5-0.7, commercially available redispersable latex powder 0.2-0.4, pva powder 0.2-0.4, white cement 5-15 and defoamer 0.1-0.2, ratio mixes in mixer on request.
5) dispersity intermixture that mixes being put into spreading machine and mating formation into slab, is the fastening plate that is cold-pressed under the situation of 5kpa at normal temperature and pressure.
6) slab is measured edging, stacking pressurization locker bolted locked mode, die sinking on earth.
7) with the slab de-stacking, be dried then.
8) slab is sawed the limit stacking that grades, sanding gets final product then.
Straw gypsum lightweight plate of the present invention, the white cement that is added and the plaster of paris have cooperative effect, make straw gypsum lightweight plate have enough intensity, and in light weight, fire prevention, waterproof, soundproof effect is preferably arranged, durability is better, is specially adapted to construction sites such as interior wall partition, non-load bearing wall, has good market prospects; Preparation method of the present invention, production technology is simple, and can solve the problem of outlet of rice wheat straw to a certain extent, also meets the national development recycling economy, the policy of building a conservation-minded society.
The specific embodiment:
The performance test of the embodiment of the invention is carried out according to correlation method among the JG/T169-2005 " light lath for building partition wall ".
Embodiment 1:
1) rice wheat straw is crushed to specific length 5-10mm with stalk crasher, puts into reactor, add clear water and regulate, the use amount of water is 2 times of stalk quality, regulates hydrochloric acid pH value to 5, is warmed up to 50 ℃ simultaneously.
2) add the millesimal cellulase of stalk quality, stirred 60 minutes, add waterglass and regulate pH value to 9, make enzyme deactivation.
3) discharging, centrifuge filtering moisture dries stand-by.
4) get the following composition of meter by weight respectively: the land plaster of calcining-100, crushing straw powder-30, water-40 and calcium sulphate retarder-0.6, commercially available redispersable latex powder-0.3, pva powder-0.2 that preliminary treatment is good, white cement-10 and defoamer-0.1 mixes in mixer.
5) dispersity intermixture that mixes being put into spreading machine and mating formation into slab, is the fastening plate that is cold-pressed into thick 60mm under the situation of 5kpa at normal temperature and pressure.
6) slab is measured edging, stacking pressurization locker bolted locked mode, die sinking on earth.
7) with the slab de-stacking, be dried then.
8) slab is sawed the limit stacking that grades, sanding gets final product then.
The every after testing performance of the sheet material of present embodiment is as follows:
| Shock resistance | Greater than 8 times |
| The bending resistance breaking load the own wt multiple | ??2 |
| Shock resistance | Greater than 8 times |
| Compression strength MP | ??4.2 |
| Coefficient of softing | ??0.7 |
| Surface density kg/m 2 | ??65 |
| Drying shrinkage mm m | ??0.46 |
| Hanging force N | ??1068 |
| The air oise insulation factor dB | ??35 |
Embodiment 2:
1) rice wheat straw is crushed to specific length (5-10mm) with stalk crasher, puts into reactor, add clear water and regulate, the use amount of water is 2 times of stalk quality, regulates hydrochloric acid pH value to 5, is warmed up to 50 ℃ simultaneously.
2) add the millesimal cellulase of stalk quality, stirred 60 minutes, add waterglass and regulate pH value to 9, make enzyme deactivation.
3) discharging, centrifuge filtering moisture dries stand-by.
4) get the following composition of meter by weight respectively: the land plaster of calcining-90, crushing straw powder-20, water-30 and calcium sulphate retarder-0.5, commercially available redispersable latex powder-0.2, pva powder-0.4 that preliminary treatment is good, white cement-5 and defoamer-0.1 mixes in mixer.
5) dispersity intermixture that mixes being put into spreading machine and mating formation into slab, is the fastening plate that is cold-pressed into thick 60mm under the situation of 5kpa at normal temperature and pressure.
6) slab is measured edging, stacking pressurization locker bolted locked mode, die sinking on earth.
7) with the slab de-stacking, be dried then.
8) slab is sawed the limit stacking that grades, sanding then can store the wallboard warehouse-in after finishing.
The every after testing performance of the sheet material of present embodiment is as follows:
| Shock resistance | Work energetically 8 times |
| The bending resistance breaking load the own wt multiple | ??2 |
| Compression strength MP | ??3.8 |
| Coefficient of softing | ??0.7 |
| Surface density kg/m 2 | ??65 |
| Drying shrinkage mm m | ??0.46 |
| Shock resistance | Work energetically 8 times |
| Hanging force N | ??1020 |
| The air oise insulation factor dB | ??33 |
Embodiment 3:
1) rice wheat straw is crushed to specific length (5-10mm) with stalk crasher, puts into reactor, add clear water and regulate, the use amount of water is 2 times of stalk quality, regulates hydrochloric acid pH value to 5, is warmed up to 50 ℃.
2) add the millesimal cellulase of stalk quality, stirred 60 minutes, add waterglass and regulate pH value to 9, make enzyme deactivation.
3) discharging, centrifuge filtering moisture dries stand-by.
4) get the following composition of meter by weight respectively: the land plaster of calcining-110, crushing straw powder-40, water-50 and calcium sulphate retarder-0.7, commercially available redispersable latex powder-0.4, pva powder-0.2 that preliminary treatment is good, white cement-15 and defoamer-0.2 mixes in mixer.
5) dispersity intermixture that mixes being put into spreading machine and mating formation into slab, is the fastening plate that is cold-pressed into thick 60mm under the situation of 5kpa at normal temperature and pressure.
6) slab is measured edging, stacking pressurization locker bolted locked mode, die sinking on earth.
7) with the slab de-stacking, be dried then.
8) slab is sawed the limit stacking that grades, sanding then can store the wallboard warehouse-in after finishing.
After testing, the intensity of its prepared finished product is higher, light specific gravity, and impact resistance is better, and sound insulation is good.
The every after testing performance of the sheet material of present embodiment is as follows:
| Shock resistance | Greater than 8 times |
| The bending resistance breaking load the own wt multiple | ??2 |
| Compression strength MP | ??4.5 |
| Coefficient of softing | ??0.7 |
| Surface density kg/m 2 | ??65 |
| Drying shrinkage mm m | ??0.43 |
| Hanging force N | ??1100 |
| The air oise insulation factor dB | ??35 |
Claims (2)
1. straw gypsum lightweight plate, it is characterized in that, comprise following material and the composition of counting by weight thereof: the plaster of paris: 90-110, crushing straw: 20-40, redispersable latex powder: 0.2-0.4, calcium sulphate retarder: 0.5-0.7, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) powder: 0.2-0.4, white cement: 5-15 and defoamer: 0.1-0.2.
2. the preparation method of a straw gypsum lightweight plate is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) stalk is crushed to specific length 5-10mm with stalk crasher, puts into reactor, add clear water and regulate, the quality of water is 2 times of stalk quality, and salt acid for adjusting pH value to 5 is warmed up to 50 ℃ simultaneously.
2) add the millesimal cellulase of stalk quality, stir after 60 minutes, add waterglass and regulate pH value to 9, make enzyme deactivation.
3) discharging, centrifuge filtering moisture dries stand-by.
4) get following composition respectively, meter by weight: crushing straw powder 20-40, the water 30-50 that the land plaster 90-110 of calcining, preliminary treatment are good and calcium sulphate retarder 0.5-0.7, redispersable latex powder 0.2-0.4, pva powder 0.2-0.4, white cement 5-15 and defoamer 0.1-0.2, ratio mixes in mixer on request.
5) dispersity intermixture that mixes being put into spreading machine and mating formation into slab, is the fastening plate that is cold-pressed under the situation of 5kpa at normal temperature and pressure.
6) slab is measured edging, stacking pressurization locker bolted locked mode, die sinking on earth.
7) with the slab de-stacking, be dried then.
8) slab is sawed the limit stacking that grades, sanding gets final product then.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009102418711A CN101733832B (en) | 2009-12-11 | 2009-12-11 | Straw gypsum lightweight plate and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009102418711A CN101733832B (en) | 2009-12-11 | 2009-12-11 | Straw gypsum lightweight plate and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101733832A true CN101733832A (en) | 2010-06-16 |
| CN101733832B CN101733832B (en) | 2011-08-17 |
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Cited By (16)
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| CN102060495A (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2011-05-18 | 重庆大学 | Method for preparing straw insulation board |
| CN102225569A (en) * | 2011-04-07 | 2011-10-26 | 西南林业大学 | High-strength inorganic artificial board and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102838324A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2012-12-26 | 南阳师范学院 | Decorative plate |
| CN102850002A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-01-02 | 南阳师范学院 | Board for room door |
| CN102850000A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-01-02 | 南阳师范学院 | Board for packing case |
| CN104326721A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2015-02-04 | 沈礼群 | Wall body thermal insulation decontamination disinfection flame retardant plant fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN105643761A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2016-06-08 | 胡小磷 | Straw thread or wheat straw thread board and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105731960A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-07-06 | 上海傅罗实业有限公司 | Gypsum-based mortar |
| CN105801035A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-07-27 | 文登蓝岛建筑工程有限公司 | Environment-friendly soundproof panel |
| CN106750564A (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2017-05-31 | 内蒙古农业大学 | A kind of high barrier biodegradable mulch film and preparation method thereof |
| CN106827160A (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2017-06-13 | 安娟 | A kind of string sheet material for exterior wall and preparation method thereof |
| CN107188510A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-09-22 | 阜阳市宏桥建材有限公司 | A kind of formula of high intensity stalk board |
| CN109487951A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2019-03-19 | 乌兰浩特市环源生物技术开发有限责任公司 | A kind of yurt wallboard and its installation method |
| US11020940B2 (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2021-06-01 | Euro Trade Flooring, S.L. | Plate for covering horizontal and vertical surfaces |
| CN115677305A (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2023-02-03 | 广东欣创新材料科技有限公司 | Light decorative plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN115974514A (en) * | 2023-01-09 | 2023-04-18 | 南京工业大学 | Crop gypsum composite material covering plate for improving fire resistance of light wall and application thereof |
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| US5177924A (en) * | 1986-12-03 | 1993-01-12 | Stefan Kakuk | Lightweight building component |
| CN100371281C (en) * | 2005-09-01 | 2008-02-27 | 郭戈 | Straw fiber cement composite material |
| CN101012120B (en) * | 2007-01-10 | 2010-08-11 | 谢涛 | Ecological inorganic composite architectural materials |
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| CN102060495A (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2011-05-18 | 重庆大学 | Method for preparing straw insulation board |
| CN102060495B (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2012-09-26 | 重庆大学 | Method for preparing straw insulation board |
| CN102225569A (en) * | 2011-04-07 | 2011-10-26 | 西南林业大学 | High-strength inorganic artificial board and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102838324A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2012-12-26 | 南阳师范学院 | Decorative plate |
| CN102850002A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-01-02 | 南阳师范学院 | Board for room door |
| CN102850000A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-01-02 | 南阳师范学院 | Board for packing case |
| CN105643761A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2016-06-08 | 胡小磷 | Straw thread or wheat straw thread board and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104326721A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2015-02-04 | 沈礼群 | Wall body thermal insulation decontamination disinfection flame retardant plant fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN105731960A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-07-06 | 上海傅罗实业有限公司 | Gypsum-based mortar |
| CN105801035A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-07-27 | 文登蓝岛建筑工程有限公司 | Environment-friendly soundproof panel |
| US11020940B2 (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2021-06-01 | Euro Trade Flooring, S.L. | Plate for covering horizontal and vertical surfaces |
| CN106750564A (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2017-05-31 | 内蒙古农业大学 | A kind of high barrier biodegradable mulch film and preparation method thereof |
| CN106750564B (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2019-10-29 | 内蒙古农业大学 | A kind of high barrier biodegradable mulch and preparation method thereof |
| CN106827160A (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2017-06-13 | 安娟 | A kind of string sheet material for exterior wall and preparation method thereof |
| CN107188510A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-09-22 | 阜阳市宏桥建材有限公司 | A kind of formula of high intensity stalk board |
| CN109487951A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2019-03-19 | 乌兰浩特市环源生物技术开发有限责任公司 | A kind of yurt wallboard and its installation method |
| CN109487951B (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2021-12-07 | 乌兰浩特市环源生物技术开发有限责任公司 | Mongolian yurt wall board installation method |
| CN115677305A (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2023-02-03 | 广东欣创新材料科技有限公司 | Light decorative plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN115974514A (en) * | 2023-01-09 | 2023-04-18 | 南京工业大学 | Crop gypsum composite material covering plate for improving fire resistance of light wall and application thereof |
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| CN101733832B (en) | 2011-08-17 |
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