CN101723812A - Method for preparing dimethyl ether by utilizing tail gas discharged by melting reduction ironmaking - Google Patents

Method for preparing dimethyl ether by utilizing tail gas discharged by melting reduction ironmaking Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101723812A
CN101723812A CN200910094926A CN200910094926A CN101723812A CN 101723812 A CN101723812 A CN 101723812A CN 200910094926 A CN200910094926 A CN 200910094926A CN 200910094926 A CN200910094926 A CN 200910094926A CN 101723812 A CN101723812 A CN 101723812A
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China
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gas
reduction
reaction
furnace
iron
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CN200910094926A
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Chinese (zh)
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卿山
王�华
马林转
岳争超
赵鲁梅
汤忖江
齐翼龙
唐千喻
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing dimethyl ether by utilizing tail gas discharged by melting reduction ironmaking, and relates to a method for directly preparing the dimethyl ether by utilizing coal gas output by the melting reduction ironmaking, which belongs to the technical field of metallurgy and energy. The method comprises the steps of: introducing hot coal gas which comes from a melting iron bath furnace into a pre-reduction shaft furnace, and ensuring that the hot coal gas is in countercurrent contact with an ironmaking material added from the top of the pre-reduction shaft furnace to perform a gas-solid reduction reaction; sending a reduced material into the melting iron bath furnace, and converting the unreacted coal gas in the pre-reduction shaft furnace into hydrogen-rich synthetic gas through a water gas shift reaction; and then adopting an one-step method from syngas to directly synthesize the dimethyl ether on a composite catalyst for methanol synthesis and methanol dehydration. The method has the characteristics of energy conservation, consumption reduction, cleanliness and environmental protection, and can avoid the generation of hot spots and three wastes during the reaction.

Description

Utilize fused reduction iron-smelting discharging tail gas to prepare the method for dme
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of utilizing fused reduction iron-smelting output coal gas directly to prepare dme, belong to metallurgy and energy technology field.
Background technology
China is a smelting iron and steel big country, but coking coal resource is less relatively, and the coking coal resource of China will face exhaustion later on by 2070, and traditional blast furnace iron-making process can't be produced normally.In contrast, a large amount of mill coal resources but can't be fully used in iron-smelting process, and therefore exploitation and employing mill coal iron-smelting process are imperative.Ironmaking technique of fusion and reduction directly uses non-coking coal, concentrate or lump ore production liquid iron, and it has omitted coking process and sintering circuit, has shortened technical process, has reduced cost, increases the production handiness, has improved molten steel quality.But the very valuable in a large number coal gas of attached product (mainly consists of CO, H in the production process 2And CO 2) need to handle.If it is not used, a large amount of energy will be wasted, and this will certainly have influence on the popularization and the utilization of ironmaking technique of fusion and reduction.
Therefore be necessary to develop and a kind of fused reduction iron-smelting exported the method that coal gas directly prepares dme, when adopting short flow process ironmaking technology, can not only improve efficiency of energy utilization, reduce environmental pollution, also can obtain the fine dimethyl ether liquid fuel, this will be an effective way of China's metallurgy industry Sustainable development and energy strategy development.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of fused reduction iron-smelting discharging tail gas that utilizes and prepare the dme method, can reduce pollution significantly, help energy-saving and emission-reduction environment; Can break the thermodynamics equilibrium limit of methyl alcohol building-up reactions, the CO transformation efficiency is significantly improved than independent methyl alcohol building-up reactions in the indirect method; Have that flow process is short, equipment scale is little, working pressure is low and characteristics such as CO per pass conversion height, can make facility investment expense and process cost significantly reduce.
Solving the technical scheme that technical problem of the present invention adopts is: will introduce reduction shaft furnace from the heating gas in the molten iron bath stove, and with the ironmaking material counter current contact that the top of reduction shaft furnace adds, carry out the gas-solid reduction reaction; Reducing material is admitted to the molten pig liquid furnace, and the intact coal gas of the unreacted of reduction shaft furnace changes into hydrogen-rich synthetic gas through water gas shift reaction; With this hydrogen-rich synthetic gas (CO and H 2) be raw material, utilize one-step method from syngas, synthesizing methanol reaction and Dehydration of methanol are finished in a reactor, follow the transformationreation of CO simultaneously, directly dimethyl ether synthesis.Its reaction formula is:
2CO+4H 2=2CH 3OH
CO+H 2O=CO 2+H 2
2CH 3OH=CH 3OCH 3+H 2O
Total reaction: 3CO+3H 2=CH 3OCH 3+ CO 2
Concrete processing method of the present invention is:
Fused reduction iron-smelting tail gas changes into hydrogen-rich synthetic gas behind purification, water gas shift reaction, should be again through modified, and CO in the modified gas and H 2Ratio be made into about 1: 1, enter the dme synthesis reactor again and react; The dual-function catalyst that the catalyzer of dme building-up reactions adopts SCTM-98 catalyzer and HZSM-5 zeolite molecular sieve to make, the air speed of reaction is 2400h -1, reaction pressure 2.0~10.0Mpa, 230 ℃~280 ℃ of temperature of reaction, hydrogen-carbon ratio 3: 1.The principal feature of this method is the advantage of reacting, and synthesizing methanol reaction and Dehydration of methanol are finished in a reactor, and reaction equilibrium constant is big, has overcome the low weakness of synthesizing methanol reaction conversion ratio.
The present invention mainly separates purifying plant by fused reduction iron-smelting device (reduction shaft furnace and iron-bath molten reduction stove), tail gas separator, water-gas shift device, dme synthesizer and a cover liquid fuel and constitutes.
The present invention utilizes the high-temperature tail gas that discharges in the short flow process fused reduction iron-smelting production process, changes into hydrogen-rich synthetic gas through water gas shift reaction, and synthetic gas is used further to dimethyl ether synthesis.Dme is a kind of important clean energy and environmentfriendly products, and it has the cetane value close with diesel oil, and combustion processes can realize low NO and no sulphur emissions, can be used as the desirable alternative fuel of diesel oil, in order to the deficiency of alleviation China's oil liquefied gas and coal gas.Reach the purpose of energy-saving and cost-reducing and clean environment firendly, and avoided the generation of the reaction process focus and the three wastes again.
In ironmaking technique of fusion and reduction, compounds such as lump ore (pellet ore) or fine ore and Wingdale add the reduction shaft furnace top, and from the heating gas counter current contact in the molten pig liquid furnace, carry out the gas-solid reduction reaction, reducing material is admitted to the molten pig liquid furnace, carries out the reduction at end and separates with slag iron.Mill coal is sent in the molten pig liquid furnace by charging system and is gasified, and carries out gasification reaction with oxygen and less water.The coal gas that goes out iron liquid furnace enters shaft furnace and ore and carries out the prereduction reaction after dedusting.The intact coal gas of unreacted is emitted by shaft furnace, and molten hot metal in the molten pig liquid furnace and liquid slag are sent respectively from iron mouth and cinder notch.
Discharge tail gas in the fused reduction iron-smelting process changes into hydrogen-rich synthetic gas through water gas shift reaction, directly dimethyl ether synthesis.In reaction process, because reaction synergistic effect, methyl alcohol is once generation, carry out dehydration reaction and change into dme at once, broken through the thermodynamics equilibrium limit of simple methyl alcohol in synthetic, increased the reaction impellent, the water that generates in the reaction process can suppress against the current gas shift reaction again to be taken place, and makes height when the simple methyl alcohol of CO transformation efficiency is synthetic.
The Equilibrium limit of multistep in synthetic not only broken in this reaction, improved per pass conversion, and a large amount of reaction heat that produce in the reaction can have been removed the inactivation of having avoided synthetic catalyst to cause owing to overtemperature to a certain extent rapidly.Liquefying reactor can in time be removed reaction heat and keep reaction gas temperature and pressure owing to have good heat conductivity, inertia liquid phase carrier that thermal capacitance is big.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1. realize briquet replacing coke, solved the contradiction of Iron and Steel Production development, can effectively utilize conventional energy resources with the coking coal resource shortage.
Rich coal resources in China, but China's coking coal resource relative shortage only account for about 27% of coal reserves, and skewness, and Coal Transport poses a big pressure to traffic.The production of coke also will be subjected to the restriction of coal washing and coking equipment investment, therefore, adopts the melting and reducing technology, and producing molten iron with mill coal is the metallurgical process that suits Chinese resource situation.,
2. the comprehensive utilization of ironmaking technique of fusion and reduction output tail gas, can come the dme of the direct synthesis clean energy by the synthetic gas behind the water gas shift reaction, be a kind of Steel Production Flow Chart combined preparation clean fuel of cleaning, can reduce pollution significantly, help energy-saving and emission-reduction environment.
3. direct dimethyl ether synthesis process has been broken the thermodynamics equilibrium limit of methyl alcohol building-up reactions, and the CO transformation efficiency is significantly improved than independent methyl alcohol building-up reactions in the indirect method.
4. investment and production cost have been reduced, its flexible operation
This method has that flow process is short, equipment scale is little, working pressure is low and characteristics such as CO per pass conversion height, makes facility investment expense and process cost significantly reduce.Fused reduction iron-smelting has been cancelled coking, sintering circuit, and flow process shortens, and can save Iron and Steel Production capital construction and facility investment more than 15%~20%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Certain annual production is the Steel Plant of 1,000,000 t, adopts ironmaking technique of fusion and reduction and will export the gas preparation dme.Iron ore is crushed to 1~10mm to add from reduction shaft furnace furnace roof material inlet, the coal and the solvent thorough mixing that are crushed to 1~10mm are evenly joined the molten iron bath reduction furnace from the furnace roof material inlet in the back, iron is bathed the reduction furnace fire box temperature and is maintained 1450 ℃~1650 ℃, the jetting pressure of oxygen maintains 0.2~1MPa, obtain the high-quality molten iron, deliver to steel making working procedure.1450 ℃~1650 ℃ the gas of exporting in the iron liquid furnace enters reduction shaft furnace from the bottom, with the iron ore counter current contact, and the pre-reduced iron ore.The tail gas that does not have to have reduced is exported in pre-reducing furnace, goes into the water-gas shift device through dedusting washing is laggard, and the output hydrogen-rich synthetic gas passes through modifier treatment again, makes CO and H in the modified gas 2Ratio be made into convergence 1: 1, directly enter liquid phase synthesizer synthesis of dimethyl ether with synthesis gas one-step then.The dual-function catalyst that the catalyzer of dme building-up reactions adopts SCTM-98 catalyzer and HZSM-5 zeolite molecular sieve to make, the air speed of reaction is 2400h -1, reaction pressure 2.0~10.0Mpa, 230 ℃~280 ℃ of temperature of reaction, hydrogen-carbon ratio 3: 1.Melting slag is through the broken cooling of gasification cooling shredding unit, and temperature is reduced to 45 ℃, and the waste residue that cooling obtains after pulverizing send Building Materials Factory to produce building materials.This technology consumption coal 1,200,000 t can produce iron 1,000,000 t. dme 500,000 t (being equivalent to 450,000 t diesel oil).Bring considerable economic and social benefit thus, energy utilization rate improves nearly 1 times, and product energy consumption descends 60%, and ton steel cost descends 50%, SO 2Quantity discharged reduces by 99%, has obviously improved the pollution of traditional Iron industry to environment.
Embodiment 2:
Certain annual production is the Steel Plant of 2,000,000 t, adopts ironmaking technique of fusion and reduction and will export the gas preparation dme.The high phosphorus pellet is added from reduction shaft furnace furnace roof material inlet, to be crushed to 1~10mm flux and hard coal thorough mixing and evenly join the molten iron bath reduction furnace from the furnace roof material inlet in the back, iron is bathed reduction furnace injection oxygen enrichment dephosphorization, iron is bathed the reduction furnace fire box temperature and is maintained 1500 ℃~1750 ℃, the jetting pressure of oxygen maintains 0.1~0.8MPa, after obtain containing the high-quality molten iron of P≤0.015%, deliver to steelshop.1500 ℃~1750 ℃ gas of output enters reduction shaft furnace from the bottom in the iron liquid furnace, with the iron ore counter current contact, and the pre-reduced iron ore.The tail gas that does not have to have reduced is exported in pre-reducing furnace, is recovered used heat, dedusting cooling.The unstripped gas hydrogen-rich synthetic gas at first is compressed into high pressure (surpassing synthesis pressure, no longer pressurization before synthesizing) after entering dme factory, enter shift conversion step then.Bypass is set in the transformation system is used for the coal gas short circuit, with the H of control synthetic gas 2/ CO ratio leveled off to 1: 1, and transformation catalyst adopts sulfur resistant catalyst (as Co-Mo type catalyzer).Low-temperature rectisol RectisoI method is adopted in removing of sour gas, and substep removes H 2S and CO 2, to satisfy the requirement of synthetic catalyst, the air speed of catalyzed reaction is 2400h -1, reaction pressure 2.0~10.0Mpa, 230 ℃~280 ℃ of temperature of reaction, hydrogen-carbon ratio 3: 1.The empty O that obtains that divides 2Deliver to melting and reducing iron and bathe the dephosphorization operation.Synthetic gas then directly enters liquid phase synthesizer dimethyl ether synthesis.N 2Then deliver to Rectisol method sour gas and remove operation.
Melting slag send Building Materials Factory to produce building materials after the broken cooling of gasification cooling shredding unit.
This technology consumption coal 2,500,000 t can produce iron 2,000,000 t, dme 1,000,000 t.Energy utilization rate improves nearly 1.5 times, and product energy consumption descends 70%, SO 2Quantity discharged reduces by 99%, has obviously improved the pollution of traditional Iron industry to environment.
Embodiment 3
Certain annual production is the Steel Plant of 5,000,000 t, adopts ironmaking technique of fusion and reduction and will export the gas preparation dme.To be crushed to 1~25mm iron ore adds from reduction shaft furnace furnace roof material inlet, to be crushed to 1~20mm bituminous coal and flux thorough mixing evenly adds from the fusion reducing furnace furnace roof back, the fusion reducing furnace fire box temperature maintains 1500 ℃~1750 ℃, and side-blown nitrogen injection pressure maintains 0.1~12Mpa; The high-quality molten iron that the fusion reducing furnace furnace bottom is discharged send steelshop, and the gas of furnace roof output enters the reduction shaft furnace bottom, with the iron ore counter current contact, and the pre-reduced iron ore.The tail gas that has not reduced (is rich in CO, H 2And CO 2) in pre-reducing furnace, export, through waste heat recovery, purification cooling, become hydrogen-rich synthetic gas after the separation.Send into shift conversion step after the pressurization of this hydrogen-rich synthetic gas,, control the H of synthetic gas well through modifier treatment 2/ CO ratio is approximately 1: 1, the dual-function catalyst that adopts SCTM-98 catalyzer and HZSM-5 zeolite molecular sieve to make, and the air speed of reaction is 2400h -1, reaction pressure 2.0~10.0Mpa, 230 ℃~280 ℃ of temperature of reaction, hydrogen-carbon ratio 3: 1, directly dimethyl ether synthesis.
This technology consumption coal 6,500,000 t can produce iron 5,000,000 t. dme 2,000,000 t.Energy utilization rate improves nearly 1.7 times, and product energy consumption descends 74%, SO 2Quantity discharged reduces by 99%, has obviously improved the pollution of traditional Iron industry to environment.

Claims (2)

1. method of utilizing fused reduction iron-smelting discharging tail gas to prepare dme is characterized in that: will introduce reduction shaft furnace from the heating gas in the molten iron bath stove, and with the ironmaking material counter current contact that the top of reduction shaft furnace adds, carry out the gas-solid reduction reaction; Reducing material is admitted to the molten pig liquid furnace, and the intact coal gas of the unreacted of reduction shaft furnace changes into hydrogen-rich synthetic gas through water gas shift reaction; Mainly contain CO and H with this 2Hydrogen-rich synthetic gas be raw material, with one-step method from syngas synthesizing methanol reaction and Dehydration of methanol are finished in a reactor, follow the transformationreation of CO simultaneously, direct dimethyl ether synthesis.
2. the method for utilizing fused reduction iron-smelting discharging tail gas to prepare dme according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described hydrogen-rich synthetic gas should pass through modifier treatment, makes CO and H in the modified gas 2Ratio be made into convergence and enter the dme synthesis reactor after 1: 1 again and react; The dual-function catalyst that the catalyzer of dme building-up reactions adopts SCTM-98 catalyzer and HZSM-5 zeolite molecular sieve to make, the air speed of reaction is 2400h -1, reaction pressure 2.0~10.0Mpa, 230 ℃~280 ℃ of temperature of reaction, hydrogen-carbon ratio 3: 1.
CN200910094926A 2009-09-03 2009-09-03 Method for preparing dimethyl ether by utilizing tail gas discharged by melting reduction ironmaking Pending CN101723812A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102864265A (en) * 2012-09-24 2013-01-09 中南大学 Method for recycling gas-base direct reducted tail gas
CN104477841A (en) * 2014-11-17 2015-04-01 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 Method using high phosphorous ore reduction exhaust gas to make methanol
CN105218326A (en) * 2014-06-28 2016-01-06 孙立 A kind of method of dimethyl ether synthesis

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102864265A (en) * 2012-09-24 2013-01-09 中南大学 Method for recycling gas-base direct reducted tail gas
CN102864265B (en) * 2012-09-24 2014-05-28 中南大学 Method for recycling gas-base direct reducted tail gas
CN105218326A (en) * 2014-06-28 2016-01-06 孙立 A kind of method of dimethyl ether synthesis
CN104477841A (en) * 2014-11-17 2015-04-01 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 Method using high phosphorous ore reduction exhaust gas to make methanol

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Application publication date: 20100609