CN101710019B - Water leakage simulating and measuring system of tunnel in centrifugal field - Google Patents
Water leakage simulating and measuring system of tunnel in centrifugal field Download PDFInfo
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- CN101710019B CN101710019B CN2009102002373A CN200910200237A CN101710019B CN 101710019 B CN101710019 B CN 101710019B CN 2009102002373 A CN2009102002373 A CN 2009102002373A CN 200910200237 A CN200910200237 A CN 200910200237A CN 101710019 B CN101710019 B CN 101710019B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of tunnel engineering research in geotechnical and underground engineering, in particular to a water leakage simulating and measuring system of a tunnel in a centrifugal field. A hollow cuboid is arranged at the middle part of a model case which is divided into a model side and an accessory side by a partition board; a sealing top cover is arranged at the top of the model side, a tunnel is positioned on the model side, and a hydraulic valve and a liquid storage cylinder are positioned on the accessory side; the partition consists of a steel plate, a longitudinal reinforcing rib and a transverse reinforcing rib; the steel plate is provided with a hole with threads; a bidirectional joint is sleeved in the hole with the threads and respectively connected with the tunnel tube and the hydraulic valve through liquid conduits arranged at two ends of the bidirectional joint; the hydraulic valve is connected with the liquid storage cylinder; a pore water pressure gauge is arranged at the bottom of the liquid storage cylinder; the top surface of the liquid storage cylinder is provided with a pore; and the pore water pressure gauge passes through the port and is connected with measuring equipment through a lead. The invention can simulate actual water leakage condition of the tunnel in a high-speed centrifugal field and better reproduce the actual soil body stress level. The equipment and instrument required by the invention can be realized under the prior technical level; and the invention has low requirement on equipment of a centrifugal lab, can be conveniently manufactured and popularized and better serves scientific research.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Tunnel Engineering field in ground and the underground works, be specifically related to tunnel water leakage simulating and measuring system in a kind of centrifugal field.
Background technology
Shanghai is located in the shore of Dong Hai, the underground extensive soft clay sedimentary deposit that is distributing very dark, and it has soil particle thin (generally at 0.1-0.002mm), shearing strength is low, water cut is high (more than the w=40%), the big (e of natural void ratio
Max=1.5), highly sensitive (S
r=4-5), significant engineering characteristic such as high-compressibility and rheological.Underground water table is very high in addition, and the 0.5-1m place promptly descends water visibly under the general face of land.Shield tunnel is because of being subjected to the influence of surface water and underground water illeffects for a long time. and in construction and operation process, percolating water can make the structure non-uniform settling, and the tunnel produces crooked, causes the tunnel seam to be opened, thereby further aggravates seepage.The percolating water in tunnel can influence the normal use of durability of structures and equipment, jeopardizes traffic safety, and the loss of water simultaneously makes pore water pressure reduce, and effective stress increases in the soil, thereby the soil body is caused sedimentation by densification.To the safety of subway tunnel itself with to the influence of environment requirements at the higher level have been proposed in this case.Therefore the model test apparatus of needing a kind of advanced person of development badly is studied in the weak soil tunnel percolating water situation targetedly its mechanism is explored in the influence of its long-term settlement, thereby provides good consulting and suggestion for actual subway tunnel operation and construction.Centrifugal model test is a kind of advanced person's physical simulation means, and soil body stress level that can the true reappearance scene is particularly useful for exploring ground and the research of underground works mechanism.
Tunnel percolating water The Characteristic Study in the weak soil is mainly contained the method for method for numerical simulation and field monitoring at present both at home and abroad.The method of numerical simulation is relatively ripe, but the weak point that exists mainly contains: (1) soil body physical and mechanical parameter is very big to the result of calculation influence, but because the instrument and equipment restriction is difficult to obtain accurate every soil body parameter.(2) method for numerical simulation is difficult to simulate fully to the stress history and the boundary condition of the soil body, causes result's deviation.The weak point of field monitoring mainly contains: (1) because instrument and equipment and the restriction of artificially observing factor, on-the-spot result has certain deviation.(2) field monitoring needs the support of a large amount of manpower and materials and fund, and is especially for the monitoring of long-term settlement, more unrealistic, and ageing relatively poor.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose tunnel water leakage simulating and measuring system in a kind of centrifugal field.
Tunnel water leakage simulating and measuring system in the centrifugal field that the present invention proposes are made up of model casing 1, organic glass 2, dividing plate 3, tunneltron 6, hydraulic valve 7, top pressure closure 8, liquid container 9, liquid conduits and pore pressure gauge 11, wherein:
Among the present invention, described tunneltron 6 tops are provided with 5 grooves along its length, and hoop is provided with 8 eyelets, and each eyelet is filled by powder fine sand 13, and the outside is tied with the permeable geotextile 14 of one deck; Tunneltron 6 longitudinal center have aperture, tunneltron 6 inside are provided with latex balloon 15, tunneltron 6 sides radially are wound with latex band 16 near two ends and end, the gas conduit 20 that latex balloon 15 is drawn is connected with air valve 12, and the gas conduit 20 of drawing from air valve 12 connects the exhaust system of hydro-extractors.
Among the present invention, aluminium alloy plate is all adopted in five sides of all the other of described model casing 1.
The present invention realizes gaseous emission in the latex balloon 15 by control air valve 12; Realize moisture in the discharging tunnel by control hydraulic valve 7 simultaneously; A part is used to control whole hydro-extractor running.
The course of work of the present invention is as follows: tunnel model is made according to illustraton of model and is finished.Initial time hydraulic valve 7 and air valve 12 are closed.With the splicing of 1 six sides of model casing and screw down, dividing plate 3 is installed in model casing 1, and at 4 places, dividing plate 3 threaded holes fixing two-way joint 5, connect first liquid conduits 10 and second liquid conduits 22 that lead to both sides, around model casing 1 inwall, smear silicone oil, reduce casing and native friction.Add bottom, the tunnel ground floor test soil that modulates, and closed die molding box 1, in centrifugal field, carry out tentatively fixed.
After preliminary fixed the finishing, continue to banket until completing tunneltron 6 subjacent bed soil, put into tunneltron 6 then, twine with latex band 16 tunneltron 6 both sides, make tunneltron 6 levels by the levelling pole measurement, opening air valve 12 will charge into gas and block eyelet on the tunneltron 6 in the latex balloon 15, and air pressure is according to the thickness decision of last earthing, latex balloon 15 gases are full of back air valve 12 closes, and the latex film of latex balloon 15 is close to tunneltron 6 inwalls and is prevented that surrounding soil moisture from infiltrating.The sealed mould molding box 1 afterwards, continues fixed soil layer, reaches up to the degree of consolidation of the soil body and can think fixed finishing more than 90%.
After fixed the finishing, install and measure equipment, it is stable until centrifugal field to start hydro-extractor, open air valve 12 afterwards, discharge gas in the latex balloon 15, meanwhile open the hydraulic valve 7 of control discharge opeing, infiltrate in the tunnel liquid by the 3rd liquid conduits 10 by hydraulic valve 7 and enter in the liquid container 9.During this period, can read the liquid container pore water pressure at 9 ends by the measurement equipment that lead 19 connects by the pore pressure gauge 11 of liquid container 9 bottom sides, the height and the volume of the liquid container 9 seepage water body of depositing can be drawn by the pore water pressure value, thereby the leakage and the percolation ratio of tunneltron can be extrapolated.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention can be provided in the high speed centrifugation field in small space simulation percolating water factor to the vertical long-term settlement influence in tunnel and measure.The native system characteristics are as follows: (1) can bear maximum centrifugal acceleration 150g.(2) function and structure are combined closely, and utilize hydro-extractor to simulate the advantage of long-term settlement easily, can simulate the sedimentation after decades in tens hours, have shortened search time, and can well simulate the parameters such as stress level of actual tunnel in soil.(3) free-ended constraint is tallied with the actual situation, the silica gel sleeve at tunneltron two ends can play antihunt action.(4) because test is carried out, therefore can reduce extraneous unnecessary disturbance under hydro-extractor runs up state.(5) this experiment various device can be processed by hand, so produce conveniently, can extensively put among the relevant scientific research.(6) utilize this cover system to carry out the research of tunnel percolating water situation, can demonstrate,prove and deepen the research of mechanism at the basic enterprising step of advancing of theory research, constructing and run for the actual tunnel engineering design provides good consulting and suggestion.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the front view of dividing plate 3.
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of dividing plate 3.
Fig. 5 be fixed during tunneltron 6 structural representations.
Number in the figure: 1 is model casing, and 2 is the organic glass face, and 3 is dividing plate, 4 is threaded hole, and 5 is two-way joint, and 6 is tunneltron, 7 is hydraulic valve, and 8 is top pressure closure, and 9 is liquid container, 10 is first liquid conduits, 11 is pore pressure gauge, and 12 is air valve, and 13 is the powder fine sand, 14 is permeable geotextile, 15 is latex balloon, and 16 is the latex band, and 17 is rectangular steel plates, 18 is vertical ribbed stiffener, 19 is lead, and 20 is gas conduit, and 21 is the transversal reinforcement rib, 22 is second liquid conduits, and 23 is the 3rd liquid conduits.
Embodiment
Further specify the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1: as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, model casing 1 profile is rectangular parallelepiped, and dead size is 800 * 500 * 500mm (length * wide * height), is made up of 6 side splicings.Leading flank is the thick organic glass face 2 of 30mm, organic glass face 2 is convenient to mark and shooting, other side is the thick wimet aluminium sheet of 30mm, 350mm place, model casing 1 inner distance side, and be parallel to the dividing plate 3 that the side is equipped with an aluminium alloy, thickness is 30mm, dividing plate 3 is separated into model side and accessory side with model casing 1, and the model side can be placed and be banketed, and model side overhead has top pressure closure 8, top pressure closure 8 can adopt tempered glass to make, and is of a size of 450 * 500 * 500mm (length * wide * height).
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, dividing plate 3 is welded by a rectangular steel plates 17, two vertical ribbed stiffeners 18 and a transversal reinforcement rib 21.Rectangular steel plates 17 is of a size of 798 * 500 * 10mm (long * wide * thick), vertically both sides are evenly equipped with two onesize vertical ribbed stiffeners 18, be of a size of 500 * 120 * 10mm (long * wide * thick), be equipped with a transversal reinforcement rib 21 between two vertical ribbed stiffeners 18, be of a size of 266 * 120 * 10mm (long * wide * thick).It is the threaded hole 4 of 10mm that the aperture is carved with at above 150mm place, dividing plate 3 center line bases, is with 5, one of threaded two-way joints in the threaded hole 4 and connects 6, one of tunneltrons by first liquid conduits 10 and connect hydraulic valves 7 by second liquid conduits 22.Hydraulic valve 7 is a universal models, and the 3rd liquid conduits 23 that hydraulic valve 7 is drawn links to each other with liquid container 9.Liquid container 9 is made diameter 70mm, high 150mm for cylindrical enclosure Aluminum Hollow alloy, wall thickness 15mm, its end face is carved with 4mm and 2mm aperture respectively near the center, and inner bottom surface is stained with a pore pressure gauge 11 with adhesive tape, and the lead 19 of drawing links to each other with measuring equipment by the 2mm aperture.All seams seal with sealing strip, and first liquid conduits 10, second liquid conduits 22 and the 3rd liquid conduits 23 diameters are respectively 4mm, and the diameter of lead 19 is 2mm.
As shown in Figure 5; tunneltron 6 adopts the hollow aluminium alloy pipe; diameter is 62mm; length is 700mm, and wall thickness is 20mm, and vertically the top side is drilled with the groove of dark 0.5mm every the 100mm distance; in groove, utilize laser to prick the eyelet of 8 equidistant apertures for 0.015mm arranged along hoop; and with 13 protections of powder fine sand, the outside is tied with the permeable geotextile 14 of one deck, the about 2mm of extrude depth.Tunneltron 6 longitudinal center place has aperture, and the aperture is 8mm, is connected on by first liquid conduits 10 on the two-way joint 5 at dividing plate 3 threaded holes 4.Tunneltron 6 is built-in with the cylindric air bag 15 of latex, and launching the back diameter is 62mm, length 700mm.The gas conduit 20 that latex balloon 15 is drawn is connected with air valve 12, and air valve 12 is a universal models, and gas conduit 20 diameters are 5mm, and wall thickness is 0.5mm, and the gas conduit 20 of drawing from air valve 12 connects the exhaust system that goes up hydro-extractor.Tunneltron 6 lateral distance two ends radially reach the latex band 16 that the end is with customization, axial width 20mm, thickness 5mm.
Claims (3)
1. tunnel water leakage simulating and measuring system in the centrifugal field, form by model casing (1), organic glass (2), dividing plate (3), tunneltron (6), hydraulic valve (7), top pressure closure (8), liquid container (9), liquid conduits and pore pressure gauge (11), it is characterized in that:
Model casing (1) is the hollow rectangular structure in middle part, its leading flank is organic glass face (2), dividing plate (3) is positioned in the model casing (1), model casing (1) is divided into model side and accessory side two parts, the model side is near organic glass face (2) side, the model side roof part is provided with top pressure closure (8), and tunneltron (6) is positioned at the model side, and hydraulic valve (7) and liquid container (9) are positioned at accessory side; Dividing plate (3) is made up of rectangular steel plates (17), vertical ribbed stiffener (18) and transversal reinforcement rib (21), rectangular steel plates (17) vertically is evenly equipped with vertical ribbed stiffener (18) in both sides, be provided with transversal reinforcement rib (21) between two vertical ribbed stiffeners (18), hydraulic valve (7) is positioned at transversal reinforcement rib (21) top; Rectangular steel plates (17) is provided with threaded hole (4), be with two-way joint (5) in the threaded hole (4), two-way joint (5) one ends connect tunneltron (6) by first liquid conduits (10), the other end links to each other with hydraulic valve (7) by second liquid conduits (22), and hydraulic valve (7) links to each other with liquid container (9) by the 3rd liquid conduits (23); Liquid container (9) bottom is fixed in the model casing (1), and liquid container (9) bottom is provided with pore pressure gauge (11), and end face has eyelet, and pore pressure gauge (11) connects measuring equipment by this eyelet by lead (19).
2. tunnel water leakage simulating and measuring system in the centrifugal field according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described tunneltron (6) top is provided with 5 grooves along its length, hoop is provided with 8 eyelets, and each eyelet is filled by powder fine sand (13), and the outside is tied with the permeable geotextile of one deck (14); Tunneltron (6) longitudinal center has aperture, tunneltron (6) inside is provided with latex balloon (15), tunneltron (6) side radially is wound with latex band (16) near two ends and end, the gas conduit (20) that latex balloon (15) is drawn is connected with air valve (12), and the gas conduit (20) of drawing from air valve (12) connects the exhaust system of hydro-extractor.
3. tunnel water leakage simulating and measuring system in the centrifugal field according to claim 1 is characterized in that aluminium alloy plate is all adopted in all the other five sides of described model casing (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009102002373A CN101710019B (en) | 2009-12-10 | 2009-12-10 | Water leakage simulating and measuring system of tunnel in centrifugal field |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009102002373A CN101710019B (en) | 2009-12-10 | 2009-12-10 | Water leakage simulating and measuring system of tunnel in centrifugal field |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101710019A CN101710019A (en) | 2010-05-19 |
| CN101710019B true CN101710019B (en) | 2011-04-27 |
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Families Citing this family (11)
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| CN101912827B (en) * | 2010-07-05 | 2012-05-30 | 清华大学 | Granular material throwing and dynamic backfilling device and system for centrifugal equipment |
| CN102168562B (en) * | 2010-08-13 | 2013-05-01 | 同济大学 | Control system for tunnel stratum loss and grouting simulation in centrifugal field |
| CN103115788B (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2016-03-23 | 上海理工大学 | The indoor model test device that existing tunnel affects by two-wire subway work |
| CN105241490A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2016-01-13 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | Method of testing influence of leakage water on in-service tunnel operation safety and system thereof |
| CN105738145B (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2018-10-02 | 天津大学 | The coefficient shield tunnel leak test system of elastic sealing gasket, soil, water |
| CN105738220B (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2018-11-09 | 天津大学 | Consider the section of jurisdiction elastic sealing gasket waterproof test method that the soil body influences |
| CN107664604A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-02-06 | 郑州大学 | The stress loading three dimensional taest device and method of shield driving face stability analysis |
| CN108917710A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2018-11-30 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | The monitoring method and monitoring device of shallow-depth-excavation tunnel sedimentation |
| CN113155379A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-23 | 同济大学 | Foundation pit support structure electric leakage detection simulation test device and test method thereof |
| CN113945340B (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2024-02-23 | 中建七局交通建设有限公司 | Method for predicting leakage quantity of overhead bearing platform settlement-induced pipeline caused by filling soil |
| CN114935431B (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2023-03-21 | 北京科技大学 | Accelerated simulation method for soil erosion caused by leakage of buried pipeline |
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