CN101707144A - Fiber structure AgNi electrical contact material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fiber structure AgNi electrical contact material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101707144A CN101707144A CN200910196278A CN200910196278A CN101707144A CN 101707144 A CN101707144 A CN 101707144A CN 200910196278 A CN200910196278 A CN 200910196278A CN 200910196278 A CN200910196278 A CN 200910196278A CN 101707144 A CN101707144 A CN 101707144A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fiber structure AgNi electrical contact material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the weight of Ni wild phase accounts for 3-10% based on the total weight and the balance of Ag; and the material has obvious continuous fibrous Ni wild phase and the diameter of the fibrous wild phase is between 0.5 mum and 10 mum. The invention adopts the method of smelting unidirectional solidification and follow-up forging extrusion, has the advantages of easy operation, simple process and low cost, and avoids the defects of complex process, easy impurity introducing and high manufacturing cost in the traditional powder metallurgy preparation method. The AgNi composite material obtained by the method has obvious fibrous Ni wild phase organizational structure, and the arc ablation resistance, conductivity, tensile strength and melting-welding resistance are all improved compared with the contact material enhanced by particle dispersion of the same material system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electrical contact material and preparation method thereof, specifically, what relate to is a kind of fiber structure AgNi electrical contact material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The AgNi material is with its low contact resistance, and good processing properties and conductance are widely used in the low current density operational environment.Along with the fast development of electrical apparatus industry, the application of appliance switch has proposed more and more higher instructions for use for the performance of electrical contact material, is specially high resistance fusion welding, high arc ablation resistance ability and excellent electric conductivity.At above requirement, the researcher has made extensive work both at home and abroad." technical study of fiber composite AgNi wire rod " (the electrical material 2007No.1) that delivers such as Wang Yonggen.Prior art mainly gets on to improve the Ag-Ni material property from material component design and wild phase disperse uniformity coefficient.Wherein find in the material that adopts the pressing method preparation, the wild phase particle has filamentary structure along the direction of extrusion, wild phase structure than the disperse distribution, this kind structure has better anti-melting welding and arc ablation resistance ability, and fibrous Ni wild phase helps improving the combination property of material.But simple passing through mixes powder, sintering, extrusion, and formed filamentary structure is not obvious, and continuity is not enough, and the Ag-Ni material that therefore existing powder metallurgy process obtains can still seem not enough at big electric current application scenario resistance fusion welding.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to deficiency and defective that above-mentioned prior art exists, a kind of continuous fiber structure AgNi electrical contact material and preparation method thereof is provided, has processing ease, operation is simple, advantage with low cost, the AgNi composite material of acquisition have tangible fibrous Ni wild phase institutional framework.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The invention provides a kind of fiber structure AgNi electrical contact material, wherein to account for the integral material part by weight be between the 3-10% to Ni wild phase weight, and surplus is Ag; This material has tangible continuous fiber shape Ni wild phase, and fibrous wild phase average diameter is between 0.5 μ m-10 μ m.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned fiber structure AgNi electrical contact material, may further comprise the steps:
The first step, melting.Ag metal derby and Ni metal derby are obtained melt liquid according to the melting of material weight proportioning.
Described melting is meant in the graphite crucible of Frequency Induction Heating and heats.
Described melting, its temperature are between 1450-2000 ℃, and smelting time is between 15-30 minute.
Second step, directional solidification.The method that adopts cooling and directional magnetic field to add is simultaneously implemented directional solidification.
Described cooling, its speed-controllable are cooled to below 950 ℃ between 300-1000 ℃/min.
Described directional magnetic field switches to the DC power supply acquisition by the solenoid coil of intermediate frequency furnace, and size of current is the coil rating electric current, and magnetic direction is along the melting kettle axis direction.
In the 3rd step, base substrate after the directional solidification is forged.
Described forging, its temperature range is between 400-600 ℃.
In the 4th step, will forge the back base substrate and carry out hot extrusion along the directional solidification direction.
Described hot extrusion, its temperature are that extrusion ratio is between 10-400 between 400 ℃-800 ℃.
Steady magnetic field is a kind of contactless, directed physical field, and it mainly is by the effect of magnetic field to liquid flow in the system to the effect of material solidification process, affects indirectly solute Distribution, tissue and the performance of coagulation system.Steady strong magnetic field can influence the microcosmic electron motion state of material inside, and then the physical-chemical reaction process of control material.The Ag-Ni alloy is when solidifying in magnetic field, and nascent nickel hands down, and magnetic direction aligns and polymerization is grown up, the bar-shaped solidified structure that formation rule is arranged.Regularly arranged bar-shaped solidified structure like this, through forging and subsequent thermal extruding after, will form tangible fibrous wild phase tissue.
The present invention adopts melting directional solidification and the follow-up method that forges extruding, and it is simple to have operation, and advantage with low cost has been avoided complex procedures among the prior powder metallurgy preparation method, introduces impurity easily, the shortcoming that manufacturing cost is high.And the AgNi composite material that obtains by the present invention has tangible fibrous Ni wild phase institutional framework, and it is that tensile strength is between 240-330MPa between the 1.7-2.2 μ Ω .cm along direction of extrusion resistivity, and hardness is between 70-100HV.
Embodiment
Below technical scheme of the present invention is further described, below describe and just be used to understand the present invention, and be not used in the scope of the present invention that limits.
Embodiment one
With preparation 10kg Ag-Ni3 contact material is example
At first 9.7kgAg metal and 0.3kg Ni metal derby are placed the melting of Medium frequency induction graphite crucible, 1450 ℃ of smelting temperatures, smelting time 15 minutes obtains complete motlten metal liquid.
Then above-mentioned melt liquid is implemented directional solidification, cooling rate is 300 ℃/min, is cooled to below 950 ℃.Apply directional magnetic field when solidifying, directional magnetic field switches to the DC power supply acquisition by the solenoid coil of intermediate frequency furnace, and size of current is the coil rating electric current, and magnetic direction is along the melting kettle axis direction.
Base substrate after the directional solidification is forged at 400 ℃.
Base substrate after will forging again carries out hot extrusion along the directional solidification direction, and extrusion temperature is 400 ℃, and extrusion ratio is 10.
By the said process preparation, can obtain the fibre-reinforced AgNi composite material of N continuous i, the Ni average fibre diameter is between 0.5-3 μ m.The AgNi3 material that obtains is 240MPa along direction of extrusion tensile strength, and resistivity is 1.7 μ Ω .cm, and hardness is 70HV.
Embodiment two
With preparation 10kg Ag-Ni5 contact material is example
At first 9.5kgAg metal and 0.5kgNi metal derby are placed the melting of Medium frequency induction graphite crucible, 1850 ℃ of smelting temperatures, smelting time 30 minutes obtains complete motlten metal liquid.
Then above-mentioned melt liquid is implemented directional solidification, cooling rate is 1000 ℃/min, is cooled to below 950 ℃.Apply directional magnetic field when solidifying, directional magnetic field switches to the DC power supply acquisition by the solenoid coil of intermediate frequency furnace, and size of current is the coil rating electric current, and magnetic direction is along the melting kettle axis direction.
Base substrate after the directional solidification is forged at 500 ℃.
Base substrate after will forging again carries out hot extrusion along the directional solidification direction, and extrusion temperature is 600 ℃, and extrusion ratio is 400.
By the said process preparation, can obtain the fibre-reinforced AgNi composite material of N continuous i, the Ni average fibre diameter is by between the 0.5-5 μ m. and being obtained the AgNi5 material is 285MPa along direction of extrusion tensile strength, and resistivity is 1.8 μ Ω .cm, and hardness is 85HV.
Embodiment three
With preparation 10kgAg-Ni10 contact material is example
At first 9kgAg metal and 1kgNi metal derby are placed the melting of Medium frequency induction graphite crucible, 2000 ℃ of smelting temperatures, smelting time 20 minutes obtains complete motlten metal liquid.
Then above-mentioned melt liquid is implemented directional solidification, cooling rate is 400 ℃/min, is cooled to below 950 ℃.Apply directional magnetic field when solidifying, directional magnetic field switches to the DC power supply acquisition by the solenoid coil of intermediate frequency furnace, and size of current is the coil rating electric current, and magnetic direction is along the melting kettle axis direction.
Base substrate after the directional solidification is forged at 600 ℃.
Base substrate after will forging again carries out hot extrusion along the directional solidification direction, and extrusion temperature is 800 ℃, and extrusion ratio is 300.
By the said process preparation, can obtain the fibre-reinforced AgNi composite material of N continuous i, the Ni average fibre diameter is between the 1.5-10 μ m.The AgNi10 material that obtains is 330MPa along direction of extrusion tensile strength, and resistivity is 2.2 μ Ω .cm, and hardness is 100HV.
Claims (8)
1. a fiber structure AgNi electrical contact material is characterized in that, wherein to account for the integral material part by weight be between the 3-10% to Ni wild phase weight, and surplus is Ag; This material has continuous fiber shape Ni wild phase, and fibrous wild phase average diameter is between 0.5 μ m-10 μ m.
2. the preparation method of a fiber structure AgNi electrical contact material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
The first step obtains melt liquid with Ag metal derby and Ni metal derby according to the melting of material weight proportioning;
In second step, the method that adopts cooling and directional magnetic field to add is simultaneously implemented directional solidification;
In the 3rd step, base substrate after the directional solidification is forged;
In the 4th step, will forge the back base substrate and carry out hot extrusion along the directional solidification direction.
3. the preparation method of fiber structure AgNi electrical contact material as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, in the first step, and described melting, wherein smelting temperature is between 1450-2000 ℃, and smelting time is between 15-30 minute.
4. as the preparation method of claim 2 or 3 described fiber structure AgNi electrical contact materials, it is characterized in that described melting is meant in the graphite crucible of Frequency Induction Heating and heats.
5. the preparation method of fiber structure AgNi electrical contact material as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, in second step, and described cooling, its speed is cooled to below 950 ℃ between 300-1000 ℃/min.
6. the preparation method of fiber structure AgNi electrical contact material as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that in second step, described directional magnetic field direction is along the melting kettle axis direction, solenoid coil by intermediate frequency furnace switches to the DC power supply acquisition, and size of current is the coil rating electric current.
7. the preparation method of fiber structure AgNi electrical contact material as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, in the 3rd step, the described temperature range that forges is between 400-600 ℃.
8. the preparation method of fiber structure AgNi electrical contact material as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, in the 4th step, and described hot extrusion, its temperature is that extrusion ratio is between 10-400 between 400 ℃-800 ℃.
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| CN200910196278XA CN101707144B (en) | 2009-09-24 | 2009-09-24 | Fiber structure AgNi electrical contact material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN200910196278XA CN101707144B (en) | 2009-09-24 | 2009-09-24 | Fiber structure AgNi electrical contact material and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102176336A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-09-07 | 温州宏丰电工合金股份有限公司 | Preparation method of silver-based oxide electrical contact material with filamentary structure |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104131246B (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2016-05-11 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of nickeliferous fiber siluer metal oxide electric contact material and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102176336A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-09-07 | 温州宏丰电工合金股份有限公司 | Preparation method of silver-based oxide electrical contact material with filamentary structure |
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