CN101652291A - 用于角柱的负荷分配设备 - Google Patents

用于角柱的负荷分配设备 Download PDF

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CN101652291A
CN101652291A CN200880010991A CN200880010991A CN101652291A CN 101652291 A CN101652291 A CN 101652291A CN 200880010991 A CN200880010991 A CN 200880010991A CN 200880010991 A CN200880010991 A CN 200880010991A CN 101652291 A CN101652291 A CN 101652291A
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cap
pillar stiffener
support post
equipment according
top frame
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詹姆斯·贝希勒
马修·马洛
爱德华·兰伯
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Sonoco Development Inc
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Sonoco Development Inc
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Abstract

提供了一种用于分配施加在包装单元顶部上的负荷的设备。该设备包括一套装配在角柱(17)上端上的模压塑料帽座(19)以及矩形顶部框架(21)，该顶部框架可安装到帽座(19)上，以将负荷均匀分配到角柱(17)的整个横截面轮廓，从而防止一个或多个柱(17)发生弯曲或其他问题。

Description

用于角柱的负荷分配设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种托盘化包装组件。更具体地，本发明涉及一种包装组件，该包装组件包括竖直支撑柱并且包括用于分配堆积负荷的装置，该装置能将因堆偏引起的弯曲影响降低。
背景技术
例如室外空调机或者大型家用电器(洗衣机、干燥机、灶具等)的物品经常以包装单元的形式来包装和运送，在这种包装单元中，物品放置在运输基部上并且由箱子或纸箱包围，在物品和纸箱之间***有竖直支撑柱。支撑柱通常位于纸箱的四个内角附近(因此也通常被称为角柱)，并且通常从运输基部延伸至纸箱的顶部。柱子不仅保护物品免受横向冲击力，并且提供轴向(竖直)堆积强度。施加在包装物品顶部上的负荷由支撑柱而不是包装物品承受。
当包装单元没有严格竖直对齐堆积时(该现象称为堆偏)，承受堆偏负荷冲击的角柱很可能由于未最佳分配施加在角柱壁上的负荷(堆积重量)而发生故障(弯曲)。最佳情况下，堆偏能够导致纸箱轻微弯曲。最坏的情况下，堆偏能够导致堆积单元倒塌。
因此，本发明的主要目的是提供一种包装***，该包装***能够防止支撑柱因堆偏而引起弯曲。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种运送包装，在该运送包装中，能够将施加在包装单元顶部上的负荷更均匀地分配到支撑柱壁上。
本发明的进一步和额外目的通过说明书、附图和从属权利要求呈现。
发明内容
本发明是一种用于分配施加到包装单元上的负荷的设备，此种包装单元具有基部，包装物品放置在基部上并被运输，箱子或纸箱在四侧和顶部包围物品，支撑柱从基部竖直向上延伸，以保护物品免受横向冲击力并且提供堆积强度。该设备用于将施加在包装单元顶部上的负荷更均匀地分配到四个角柱的壁，从而将负荷堆偏时发生弯曲的可能性最小化。
该设备包括多个安装到支撑柱或角柱的顶端上支撑柱固定件或帽座、以及安装到帽座上的顶部框架。每个帽座包括平台和用于将帽座安装到角柱顶端上的装置。安装装置可以包括从平台向下延伸且构造成包围支撑柱的至少一部分的侧壁。帽座侧壁可以部分或全部包围支撑柱的上端，并且优选与支撑柱形成摩擦配合。
顶部框架构造成牢固地放置在帽座平台上，并具有上部负荷承载面。顶部框架可以包括前部和后部水平横梁构件以及侧部横梁构件，它们各自在端部联接，以形成矩形结构。施加在顶部框架的上部负荷承受表面上的重量被分配到整个顶部框架，并沿着角柱的整个端壁表面分配。
其实，角柱和顶部框架形成环绕包装物品的保护笼，不仅保护物品免受横向冲击力，尤其在包装的四个竖直角保护物品免受横向冲击力，而且即使在其他单元堆偏时，也保护物品免受堆积在顶部的其他包装单元的挤压力。
附图说明
图1是托盘化包装组件的分解图，该包装组件包括根据本发明的负荷分配设备。
图2是支撑柱帽座的顶部透视图，该支撑柱帽座是图1的负荷分配设备的部件。
图3是图2的支撑柱帽座的底部透视图。
图4是类似于图1的包装组件的透视图，以虚线示出纸箱，以便更好地显示本发明的负荷分配设备。
图5是图4的负荷分配设备的部分特写视图。
图6是沿图5的线6-6截取的横截面视图。
图7是根据本发明的支撑柱帽座的可替代实施例的底部透视图。
图8是图7的支撑柱帽座的顶部透视图。
图9是帽座、顶部框架和运送托盘组件的分解图，示出了本发明的帽座和顶部框架的另一种应用。
图10是图9示出的帽座、顶部框架和运送托盘组件组装后的透视图。
具体实施方式
尽管本发明可以以多种形式实施，附图中也示出并详细描述了一个或多个实施例，但可以理解，本公开被考虑为本发明原理的范例，不意图将本发明限定于所示实施例。
现在参照附图，图1示出了与本发明的负荷分配设备配合使用的包装组件10的分解视图。包装组件通常包括基部18，该基部上放置有包装物品50，箱子或纸箱34将物品50包围在其四个侧面内，支撑柱17插在包装物品50与纸箱34之间。支撑柱17位于纸箱32的四个内角附近(因此也可称作角柱)，并从基部18延伸至纸箱的顶部附近。角柱17保护物品50免受横向冲击力，并为整个单元10提供轴向(垂直)堆积强度。加载在包装物品10顶部的负荷由支撑柱17承载，如同随后在下面所解释的那样。
待包装的物品50能够是任何大型物品，例如图1所示的空调单元。在制造过程中，物品50通常放置在运输基部18上，运输基部18最后作为纸箱32的底部。组装单元10可以放置在运送托盘12上，以便能够使单元10借助叉车或者其他装置移动。
如在共同所有和共同未决的专利申请中更详细地描述那样，通过将纸箱32和运输基部18楔合在形成运送托盘12的一部分的两个相对端阻挡件16之间，并且通过将纸箱侧底部翼片38和运输基部侧板28固定到运送托盘12的侧面，可以将纸箱32和运输基部18固定到运送托盘12上。
依然参考图1，运送纸箱32包括四个垂直侧壁34、顶部翼片40和四个相对窄的底部翼片36、38。底部翼片36、38包括前后翼片36以及侧翼片38，并且不作为纸箱的底部，至少不是仅靠翼片36、38形成底部。确切地说，纸箱前后翼片36与运输基部18共同形成纸箱底部。更具体地，在组装包装单元10中，纸箱的前后翼片36在运输基部18下塞入运输基部18与运送托盘12之间，而侧翼片38在与纸箱侧壁34大致相同的平面上向下延伸，并被订到托盘横杆15上。
图1中示出的角柱17设置在纸箱32内临近纸箱32内角的位置，以便提供角部冲击保护和轴向强度。角柱17能够是南卡罗来纳州的哈次维的Sonoco Products Company制造和销售的卷包型纸板角柱。然而，任何合适的支撑结构都可以用于角部冲击保护和轴向强度，包括不带限定的角板。
本发明是一种用于将施加在包装单元10顶部的负荷更均匀地分配到角柱整个端壁表面的***。更具体地，本发明包括一套帽座19和顶部框架21，所述帽座和顶部框架有助于将单元10的顶端上的负荷扩散到一套垂直支撑柱17的整个横截面轮廓上，从而有助于防止一个或多个柱17发生弯曲或折断。
图2和3分别是根据本发明的支撑柱帽座19的顶部和底部透视图。帽座19可以由成型塑料或任何合适的材料制成，所述帽座包括平台52、从平台周边的至少一部分向下延伸并构造成包围支撑柱17顶部的侧壁构件54、和从平台52的周边向上延伸以保持顶部框架21的上壁构件56。
支撑柱帽座19的形状、尤其是平台52的形状很大程度上由角柱17的横截面形状确定。例如，不限于本发明，所示实施例中的平台52基本上是与角柱17的L形横截面一致的L形。平台52应当尽可能与角柱17的端壁表面接触，优选与整个端壁表面接触。图2-3中的帽座19的周边包括限定出直角的外缘53、以及弓形(曲线的)内缘55，基本上与角柱的横截面形状一致。
优选地，帽座19和角柱17的顶端形成摩擦配合。如图3所示，可选的肋58在与向内延伸的角柱卷边60相对应的位置处从侧壁构件54向内延伸，以进一步将支撑柱帽座19固定到支撑柱17。如图6所示，肋58可以向内足够远地延伸，使得每个肋的自由端靠在对应的卷边顶点61的外侧，从而增加摩擦配合。
图4是包装件10的透视图，其中以虚线示出纸箱32，以便更好地示出本发明的负荷分配设备。顶部框架21基本上是矩形并且具有四个角，每个角安装在四个支撑柱帽座19中的一个上。顶部框架21包括前后水平横梁构件62和侧横梁构件64，它们在各自端部联接，以形成矩形框架结构。顶部框架21的顶部负荷承载表面由前后横梁构件62限定，尽管其他构型也可以，但也包括一种构型，在该构型中横梁构件64是负荷承载表面的一部分。
一个或多个可选中心横梁构件66可以并入顶部框架21，以增加强度。横梁构件66可以在前后横梁62中间从一侧横梁64延伸至另一侧横梁，或在侧横梁64中间从前横梁62延伸至后横梁62。
顶部框架21的下侧可以是平坦的，或具有与支撑柱帽座19形成协同配合的任何合适的形状。图5是顶部框架21的角部的特写视图，所示顶部框架装配在支撑柱帽座19中一个上。顶部框架21的角部放在帽座平台52上，并紧贴地靠着帽座上壁构件56。帽座19紧贴地装配在角柱17的顶部上，使得角柱17的顶端壁表面(即角柱的顶部边缘)接靠平台52的下侧。
图7和8是本发明使用的支撑柱帽座69的可替代实施例的底视图和顶视图。如同图2和3所示的帽座19，该可替代支撑柱帽座69包括平台构件72，在该平台构件上安装有顶部框架21，侧壁构件74从平台72的外周边向下延伸，以便部分包围角柱21的顶部，并且上壁构件76从平台72的外周边向上延伸。与图2、3和6中所示的帽座19不同，该可替代实施例69包括从平台72下侧延伸的凸块或突起68。凸块68延伸到角柱17的中空区域中，并意图有助于使帽座69安装到角柱17上。
图9和10示出本发明帽座69的另一可替代应用，其中，所述帽座用于将框架81与放置在框架81顶部的运送托盘82锁合，以便物品50(未示出)沿组装线向下游移动时协助出入。如图所示，帽座69被颠倒，以便凸块68向上突出，有助于将运送托盘82安装到帽座69上。帽座69装配到框架81的四个角的顶部表面上。运送托盘82然后安装到四个帽座69的“凸块侧”。帽座69、框架81和运送托盘82互相锁合。框架81是如图1所示的包装单元10的一部分，图9和10所示的结构能够用于将一个单元10固定到另一单元10的顶部，以防止堆偏。
本发明的托盘化包装组件10可以采用以下方式组装和使用。
首先，复合运输基部18通过将缓冲元件30定位在如图1所示的底面板20上来组装，然后向上折叠前后面板26并覆盖缓冲元件30，以形成如图4和5所示的运输基部18。侧面板28在大致与底面板20相同的平面内向外延伸开。
接下来，将待组装和运输的物品50放置到运输基部12上，通常物品50沿着制造组装线移动。在所示实施例中，物品是室外空调单元50，该空调单元具有浮凸的(突出的)底部(未示出)，该底部装配在缓冲元件30和底面板20限定的三维空间内。空调机框架或壳体放置在覆盖缓冲元件30的顶壁29上。运输基部顶面板29因此处于物品50下，而运输基部侧面板28保持向外延伸。
接下来，将敞开底部的运输纸箱32放置在物品50和运输基部18上。在该阶段，在组装最终的包装单元10中，纸箱底部翼片36、38可以如图8所示的向外张开。
角柱17和帽座19然后***纸箱32与物品50之间的纸箱32的内角附近。然后将顶部框架21固定到角柱顶部帽座19。角柱底端在底面板20的角部附近放置在运输基部底面板20上。角柱17、顶部帽座19和顶部框架21在纸箱32的整个高度上共同延伸。
当物品50、纸箱32和运输基部18继续沿着输送线移动时，纸箱前(引导)和后(尾部)翼片36可以自动折叠在运输基部18之下，并且可以或不必固定到运输基部底面板20下侧。纸箱侧翼片38保持向外张开，覆盖依然向外延伸的运输基部侧面板28。
在输送线的最后，物品50、纸箱32和运输基部18共同向上提起，并放置在运送托盘12上。纸箱32和运输基部18楔合在如图9-12所示的运送托盘12的前后阻挡件16之间，以防止纸箱32和运输基部18前后移动。如图9和11最佳示出，纸箱的前后翼片36保持折叠在运输基部18之下，并且***(夹在)在运输基部18与运送托盘12之间。
如图10所示，纸箱侧翼片38向外展开覆盖在运输基部侧面板28上，然后向下折叠，以便运输基部侧面板28***在托盘侧横杆15与纸箱侧翼片38之间，如图12所示。纸箱侧翼片38和侧面板28随后通过钉42或其他装置可移除地固定到运送托盘横杆15。
最后，纸箱顶部翼片40共同折叠，直至所述纸箱顶部翼片平坦靠在顶部框架21的顶表面上，以完成包装组件10。通过钉42，并且最起码通过在运送托盘端部阻挡件16之间装配纸箱32和运输基部18，将纸箱32、运输基部18和运送托盘12固定在一起，完成的包装组件10在某种概念上是一个整体。角柱17、帽座19和顶部框架21从运输基部底面板20延伸至纸箱顶部翼片40，并提供充足的轴向(垂直)强度，以便允许其他包装单元10能堆积到顶部。
因此，已经描述了能够以堆积排列的方式储存和移动的包装组合10。在本发明的关键方面，帽座19和顶部框架21将负荷从顶部堆积的单元10分配到角柱17的整个端壁表面，以防止柱17弯曲。帽座19可以由模压塑料制成，并且顶部框架21可以由纸板或者木材制成。当然，任何合适的材料可以用于帽座和顶部框架、以及其他包装部件。
应当理解，上面描述的本发明的实施例仅是用于说明本发明原理的特定实施例。不脱离如前述讲解和所附权利要求限定的本发明的范围的修改和替代性实施例是可预期的。意图使权利要求覆盖的所有这种修改和替代性实施例均落在其范围内。

Claims (16)

1.一种用于将堆积在包装单元(10)顶部的负荷分配给整个支撑柱壁的设备，所述包装单元(10)包括基部(18)和支撑柱(17)，所述支撑柱从所述基部(18)向上竖直延伸，并终止在顶部边缘内，所述设备包括：
多个支撑柱帽座(19)，每个支撑柱帽座(19)包括平台(52)和用于将所述支撑柱帽座(19)安装到所述支撑柱(17)上的装置，所述平台构造成与所述支撑柱(17)中一个的顶部边缘相接触；以及
顶部框架(21)，该顶部框架构造成在所述支撑柱帽座(19)之间延伸，并固定放置在所述帽座平台(52)上，所述顶部框架(21)具有用于承载堆积在所述包装单元(10)的顶部上负荷的上表面。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中，所述帽座安装装置包括侧壁(54)，所述侧壁从所述平台(52)向下延伸，并构造成包围所述支撑柱(17)的至少一部分。
3.根据权利要求2所述的设备，其中，所述平台(52)具有周边，并且所述侧壁(54)从所述平台周边的至少一部分向下延伸。
4.根据权利要求2所述的设备，其中，每个所述支撑柱帽座(19)还包括一个或多个肋(58)，所述肋从所述侧壁构件(54)延伸，以进一步将所述支撑柱帽座(19)固定到所述支撑柱(17)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中，所述支撑柱帽座(19)和所述支撑柱(17)形成摩擦配合。
6.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中，所述平台(52)构造成与所述支撑柱(17)中一个的整个顶部边缘相接触。
7.根据权利要求6所述的设备，其中，每个支撑柱帽座(19)还包括上壁构件(56)，所述上壁构件从所述平台(52)向上延伸，以保持所述顶部框架(21)。
8.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中，所述顶部框架(21)基本上为矩形并具有四个角部，每个所述角部安装到所述支撑柱帽座(19)中的一个上。
9.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中，所述顶部框架(21)包括前部和后部水平横梁构件(62)以及侧横梁构件(64)，所述前部和后部水平横梁构件(62)以及侧横梁构件(64)在它们的各自端部联接，以形成矩形框架状结构。
10.根据权利要求9所述的设备，其中，所述顶部框架(21)的上部负荷承载表面由所述前部和后部横梁构件(62)限定。
11.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中，每个支撑柱帽座包括突起(68)，所述突起从所述平台的下侧向下延伸。
12.根据权利要求11所述的设备，其中，所述突起构造成延伸到支撑柱(17)的中空区域中。
13.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中，所述支撑柱帽座(19)是模压塑料。
14.一种用于支撑堆积负荷的设备，包括：
基部(18)；
支撑柱(17)，所述支撑柱放置在所述基部(18)上，并朝向负荷承载第二基部(21)向上延伸，每个所述支撑柱(17)具有包括上部横截面的顶端；以及
负荷支撑帽座(19)，所述帽座附接到每个竖直柱顶端，并覆盖所述上部横截面；
其中，所述第二基部(21)放置在所述帽座(19)上；并且
其中，由所述第二基部(21)承受的负荷被分配到所述竖直柱(17)的上部横截面上。
15.一种用于对堆积在包装单元(10)顶部上的负荷进行分配的设备，所述设备包括：
具有四个角部的顶部框架(81)；
模压塑料帽座(69)，所述帽座构造成装配到所述顶部框架(81)的所述四个角部上；以及
运送托盘(82)，所述运送托盘安置在所述帽座(69)上。
16.根据权利要求13所述的设备，其中，所述帽座(69)包括向上突出的凸块(68)，所述凸块有助于将所述运送托盘(82)安放到所述帽座(69)上。
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US20080237419A1 (en) 2008-10-02
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