CN101643872A - High-strength high-plasticity magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength high-plasticity magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of metal materials, in particular to a high-strength high-plasticity magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof. The magnesium alloy comprises the chemical components by mass percent: 6.1-9.5% of aluminum, 1.0-5.0% of tin, and the balance of magnesium and additional element/elements. The additional element/elements is/are one or more types of silicon, yttrium, strontium and stibium. The magnesium alloy comprises the following additional elements by mass percent: 0-3.0% of silicon, 0-3.0% of yttrium, 0-0.2% of strontium and 0-2.0% of stibium. The preparation method comprises the following steps: under the protection of gas, melting the preheated pure magnesium at a preset temperature, adding the preheated aluminum and the tin in a certain proportioninto the melt, keeping static at a constant temperature, heating to a higher preset temperature, adding the additional element/elements, keeping static at a constant temperature, evenly stirring, refining, removing the slag, and finally casting into ingots. The magnesium alloy has the advantages of high strength and high plasticity; and the preparation method has the advantages of simple technique, high reliability, easy popularization and application, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal material field, particularly relate to a kind of high strength, high plastic magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Magnesium alloy is as the lightest engineering structure metallic substance, have specific tenacity and specific rigidity height, electrical and thermal conductivity is good, have good damping shock absorption and capability of electromagnetic shielding concurrently, good advantages such as regeneration enjoy favor in fields such as automobile, communication equipment, aviation.Especially aspect lightweight, has the alternate of being difficult to significant advantage.Yet the plastic deformation ability of magnesium alloy commonly used is poor, and tensile strength is low, has limited its application in a lot of occasions.The Beijing Non-Ferrous Metal Research General Academy has provided a kind of high tenacity, high-strength magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof in the patent of invention (ZL200410102510.6) of application in 2004, for the highly malleablized of magnesium alloy provides a kind of effective way.Yet the kind of magnesium alloy is relatively still less at present, is badly in need of novel high-strength, high plastic magnesium alloy that exploitation is fit to different operating modes.
Summary of the invention
It is simple, reliable to the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of technology, and the high strength that is easy to apply, high plastic magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: under gas shield; preheated pure magnesium is melted under predetermined temperature; then a certain proportion of aluminium and tin through preheating is joined in the melt; leave standstill insulation; be warming up to higher preset temperature then and add the interpolation element; stir after leaving standstill insulation, carry out refining and scarfing cinder and handle, last casting ingot-forming.Specifically comprise:
1. a high strength, high plastic magnesium alloy, the chemical ingredients mass percent of this alloy is: aluminium 6.1-9.5, tin 1.0-5.0, all the other are magnesium and add element that described interpolation element is one or more in silicon, yttrium, strontium and the antimony, wherein, adding the constituent content mass percent is: silicon 0-3.0, antimony 0-2.0, yttrium 0-3.0, strontium 0-2.0.
2. high strength according to claim 1, high plastic magnesium alloy, described aluminium content mass percent is 6.5-8.0, tin content mass percent is 2.5-4.0.
3. high strength according to claim 1, high plastic magnesium alloy, described interpolation constituent content mass percent is: silicon 0.5-2.0, antimony 0.1-1.0, yttrium 0.5-2.0, strontium 0.1-1.0.
4. the described high strength of claim 1, high plastic magnesium alloy preparation method, this method may further comprise the steps:
(1) gets the raw materials ready according to above-mentioned magnesium alloy component content, comprise pure magnesium, fine aluminium, pure tin, silicon metal, star antimony, magnesium-yttrium master alloy, magnesium-strontium master alloy;
(2) in the gas shield smelting furnace, the pure magnesium ingot with above-mentioned content is preheated to 200-400 ℃ in crucible earlier, is warming up to 650-700 ℃ then and melts;
(3) respectively pure tin above-mentioned content and fine aluminium 200-400 ℃ of preheating of process and 100-150 ℃ of preheating is added in the magnesium melt, continue to leave standstill insulation 3-5 minute at 650-700 ℃;
(4) continue to be warming up to 730-820 ℃, respectively with in one or more adding melts in above-mentioned content and pure silicon 200-300 ℃ of preheating of process, star antimony, magnesium-yttrium master alloy, the magnesium-strontium master alloy, leave standstill insulation 5-10 minute, stirred then 1-15 minute, make composition even;
(5) add No. 2 flux, temperature is remained on 730-820 ℃, leave standstill insulation 5-30 minute, the blowing argon gas refining, after scarfing cinder is handled, direct casting ingot-forming.
The present invention compares with present existing technology has following characteristics:
It is simple, reliable, easy to operate to the invention provides a kind of technology, and the composition of the magnesium alloy that is easy to apply and preparation method.
1) this magnesium alloy has high strength, has high-ductility simultaneously, and under as-cast condition, it is that 280-310MPa, unit elongation are that 15-20%, deformation rate are greater than 65-75% that the alloy behind the optimizing components can obtain tensile strength.
2) tin and aluminium are as main alloy element, and silicon, antimony, yttrium and strontium are as adding element, and the component content scope of the application's design is not appeared in the newspapers;
2) adopt castmethod production, technology is simple.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
(1) press the mass percent of element in the alloy: aluminium 7%, tin 3%, silicon 1.0%, antimony 0.5%, yttrium 1.0%, strontium 0.5%, all the other are magnesium, take by weighing required fine aluminium, pure tin, star antimony, magnesium-yttrium master alloy, magnesium-strontium master alloy;
(2) in the gas shield smelting furnace, the pure magnesium ingot with above-mentioned content is preheated to 200-400 ℃ in crucible earlier, is warming up to 650-700 ℃ then and melts;
(3) leave standstill insulation 3-5 minute respectively with in above-mentioned content and the fine aluminium and pure tin adding magnesium melt, and at 650-700 ℃ through 100-150 ℃ of preheating;
(4) continue to be warming up to 730-820 ℃, will add in the melt through pure silicon, star antimony, magnesium-yttrium master alloy, the magnesium-strontium master alloy of 100-150 ℃ of preheating respectively, leave standstill insulation 5-10 minute, stirred then 1-15 minute, make composition even;
(5) add No. 2 flux, temperature is remained on 730-820 ℃, leave standstill insulation 5-30 minute, the blowing argon gas refining, after scarfing cinder was handled, directly casting ingot-forming made the Mg-7Al-3Sn-1Si-0.5Sb-1Y-0.5Sr alloy.
Embodiment two
(1) press the mass percent of element in the alloy: aluminium 9.0%, tin 5.0%, silicon 3.0%, antimony 2.0%, yttrium 3.0%, strontium 2.0%, all the other are magnesium, take by weighing required fine aluminium, pure tin, star antimony, magnesium-yttrium master alloy, magnesium-strontium master alloy;
(2) in the gas shield smelting furnace, the pure magnesium ingot with above-mentioned content is preheated to 200-400 ℃ in crucible earlier, is warming up to 650-700 ℃ then and melts;
(3) leave standstill insulation 3-5 minute respectively with in above-mentioned content and the fine aluminium and pure tin adding magnesium melt, and at 650-700 ℃ through 100-150 ℃ of preheating;
(4) continue to be warming up to 730-820 ℃, will add in the melt through pure silicon, star antimony, magnesium-yttrium master alloy, the magnesium-strontium master alloy of 100-150 ℃ of preheating respectively, leave standstill insulation 5-10 minute, stirred then 1-15 minute, make composition even;
(5) add No. 2 flux, temperature is remained on 730-820 ℃, leave standstill insulation 5-30 minute, the blowing argon gas refining, after scarfing cinder was handled, directly casting ingot-forming made the Mg-9Al-5Sn-3Si-2Sb-3Y-2Sr alloy.
Embodiment three
(1) press the mass percent of element in the alloy: aluminium 6.1%, tin 1.0%, silicon 1%, yttrium 0.5%, all the other are magnesium, take by weighing required fine aluminium, pure tin, silicon metal and magnesium-yttrium master alloy;
(2) in the gas shield smelting furnace, the pure magnesium ingot with above-mentioned content is preheated to 200-400 ℃ in crucible earlier, is warming up to 650-700 ℃ then and melts;
(3) leave standstill insulation 3-5 minute respectively with in above-mentioned content and the fine aluminium and pure tin adding magnesium melt, and at 650-700 ℃ through 100-150 ℃ of preheating;
(4) continue to be warming up to 730-820 ℃, respectively above-mentioned content and pure silicon, magnesium-yttrium master alloy 100-150 ℃ of preheating of process are added in the melt, leave standstill insulation 5-10 minute, stirred then 1-15 minute, make composition even;
(5) add No. 2 flux, temperature is remained on 730-820 ℃, leave standstill insulation 5-30 minute, the blowing argon gas refining, after scarfing cinder was handled, directly casting ingot-forming made the Mg-6.1Al-1Sn-1Si-0.5Y alloy.
Embodiment four
(1) press the mass percent of element in the alloy: aluminium 6.5%, tin 2.5%, all the other are magnesium, take by weighing required fine aluminium, pure tin;
(2) in the gas shield smelting furnace, the pure magnesium ingot with above-mentioned content is preheated to 200-400 ℃ in crucible earlier, is warming up to 650-700 ℃ then and melts;
(3) leave standstill insulation 3-5 minute respectively with in above-mentioned content and the fine aluminium and pure tin adding magnesium melt, and at 650-700 ℃ through 100-150 ℃ of preheating;
(4) continue to be warming up to 730-820 ℃, leave standstill insulation 5-10 minute, stirred then 1-15 minute, make composition even;
(5) add No. 2 flux, temperature is remained on 730-820 ℃, leave standstill insulation 5-30 minute, the blowing argon gas refining, after scarfing cinder was handled, directly casting ingot-forming made the Mg-6.5Al-2.5Sn alloy.The as cast condition tensile strength of this alloy is that 290-310MPa, unit elongation are that 15-18%, deformation rate are greater than 65%
Embodiment five
(1) press the mass percent of element in the alloy: aluminium 6.5%, tin 4.0%, all the other are magnesium, take by weighing required fine aluminium, pure tin;
(2) in the gas shield smelting furnace, the pure magnesium ingot with above-mentioned content is preheated to 200-400 ℃ in crucible earlier, is warming up to 650-700 ℃ then and melts;
(3) leave standstill insulation 3-5 minute respectively with in above-mentioned content and the fine aluminium and pure tin adding magnesium melt, and at 650-700 ℃ through 100-150 ℃ of preheating;
(4) continue to be warming up to 730-820 ℃, leave standstill insulation 5-10 minute, stirred then 1-15 minute, make composition even;
(5) add No. 2 flux, temperature is remained on 730-820 ℃, leave standstill insulation 5-30 minute, the blowing argon gas refining, after scarfing cinder was handled, directly casting ingot-forming made the Mg-6.5Al-4Sn alloy.This tensile strength of alloys is that 280-300MPa, unit elongation are that 16-20%, deformation rate are greater than 70-75%.
Embodiment six
(1) press the mass percent of element in the alloy: aluminium 8%, tin 3%, all the other are magnesium, take by weighing required fine aluminium, pure tin;
(2) in the gas shield smelting furnace, the pure magnesium ingot with above-mentioned content is preheated to 200-400 ℃ in crucible earlier, is warming up to 650-700 ℃ then and melts;
(3) leave standstill insulation 3-5 minute respectively with in above-mentioned content and the fine aluminium and pure tin adding magnesium melt, and at 650-700 ℃ through 100-150 ℃ of preheating;
(4) continue to be warming up to 730-820 ℃, leave standstill insulation 5-10 minute, stirred then 1-15 minute, make composition even;
(5) add No. 2 flux, temperature is remained on 730-820 ℃, leave standstill insulation 5-30 minute, the blowing argon gas refining, after scarfing cinder was handled, directly casting ingot-forming made the Mg-8Al-3Sn alloy.
Embodiment seven
(1) press the mass percent of element in the alloy: aluminium 7%, tin 3%, yttrium 1.0%, all the other are magnesium, take by weighing required fine aluminium, pure tin, magnesium-yttrium master alloy;
(2) in the gas shield smelting furnace, the pure magnesium ingot with above-mentioned content is preheated to 200-400 ℃ in crucible earlier, is warming up to 650-700 ℃ then and melts;
(3) leave standstill insulation 3-5 minute respectively with in above-mentioned content and the fine aluminium and pure tin adding magnesium melt, and at 650-700 ℃ through 100-150 ℃ of preheating;
(4) continue to be warming up to 730-820 ℃, will add in the melt through the magnesium-yttrium master alloy of 100-150 ℃ of preheating respectively, leave standstill insulation 5-10 minute, stirred then 1-15 minute, make composition even;
(5) add No. 2 flux, temperature is remained on 730-820 ℃, leave standstill insulation 5-30 minute, the blowing argon gas refining, after scarfing cinder was handled, directly casting ingot-forming made the Mg-7Al-3Sn-1Y alloy.This tensile strength of alloys is that 280-310MPa, unit elongation are 15-18%.
Embodiment eight
(1) press the mass percent of element in the alloy: aluminium 6.5%, tin 3.0%, antimony 0.5%, all the other are magnesium, take by weighing required fine aluminium, pure tin, star antimony;
(2) in the gas shield smelting furnace, the pure magnesium ingot with above-mentioned content is preheated to 200-400 ℃ in crucible earlier, is warming up to 650-700 ℃ then and melts;
(3) leave standstill insulation 3-5 minute respectively with in above-mentioned content and the fine aluminium and pure tin adding magnesium melt, and at 650-700 ℃ through 100-150 ℃ of preheating;
(4) continue to be warming up to 730-820 ℃, will add in the melt, leave standstill insulation 5-10 minute, stirred then 1-15 minute, make composition even through the star antimony of 100-150 ℃ of preheating;
(5) add No. 2 flux, temperature is remained on 730-820 ℃, leave standstill insulation 5-30 minute, the blowing argon gas refining, after scarfing cinder was handled, directly casting ingot-forming made the Mg-6.5Al-3Sn-0.5Sb alloy.
Embodiment nine
(1) press the mass percent of element in the alloy: aluminium 7.0%, tin 3.0%, strontium 0.5%, all the other are magnesium, take by weighing required fine aluminium, pure tin, magnesium-strontium master alloy;
(2) in the gas shield smelting furnace, the pure magnesium ingot with above-mentioned content is preheated to 200-400 ℃ in crucible earlier, is warming up to 650-700 ℃ then and melts;
(3) leave standstill insulation 3-5 minute respectively with in above-mentioned content and the fine aluminium and pure tin adding magnesium melt, and at 650-700 ℃ through 100-150 ℃ of preheating;
(4) continue to be warming up to 730-820 ℃, will add in the melt, leave standstill insulation 5-10 minute, stirred then 1-15 minute, make composition even through the magnesium-strontium master alloy of 100-150 ℃ of preheating;
(5) add No. 2 flux, temperature is remained on 730-820 ℃, leave standstill insulation 5-30 minute, the blowing argon gas refining, after scarfing cinder was handled, directly casting ingot-forming made the Mg-7Al-3Sn-0.5Sr alloy.
Claims (4)
1. a high strength, high plastic magnesium alloy, it is characterized in that, the chemical ingredients mass percent of this alloy is: aluminium 6.1-9.5, and tin 1.0-5.0, all the other are magnesium and add element, described interpolation element is one or more in silicon, antimony, yttrium and the strontium, wherein, adding the constituent content mass percent is: silicon 0-3.0, antimony 0-2.0, yttrium 0-3.0, strontium 0-2.0.
2. high strength according to claim 1, high plastic magnesium alloy is characterized in that, described aluminium content mass percent is 6.5-8.0, and tin content mass percent is 2.5-4.0.
3. high strength according to claim 1, high plastic magnesium alloy is characterized in that, described interpolation constituent content mass percent is: silicon 0.5-2.0, antimony 0.1-1.0, yttrium 0.5-2.0, strontium 0.1-1.0.
4. the described high strength of claim 1, high plastic magnesium alloy preparation method is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
(1) gets the raw materials ready according to above-mentioned magnesium alloy component content, comprise pure magnesium, fine aluminium, pure tin, silicon metal, star antimony, magnesium-yttrium master alloy, magnesium-strontium master alloy;
(2) in the gas shield smelting furnace, the pure magnesium ingot with above-mentioned content is preheated to 200-400 ℃ in crucible earlier, is warming up to 650-700 ℃ then and melts;
(3) leave standstill insulation 3-5 minute respectively with in above-mentioned content and the fine aluminium and pure tin adding magnesium melt, and at 650-700 ℃ through 100-150 ℃ of preheating;
(4) continue to be warming up to 730-820 ℃, respectively with in one or more adding melts in above-mentioned content and pure silicon 100-150 ℃ of preheating of process, star antimony, magnesium-yttrium master alloy, the magnesium-strontium master alloy, leave standstill insulation 5-10 minute, stirred then 1-15 minute, make composition even;
(5) add No. 2 flux, temperature is remained on 730-820 ℃, leave standstill insulation 5-30 minute, the blowing argon gas refining, after scarfing cinder is handled, direct casting ingot-forming.
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