CN101642068A - Innoxious culturing method for fresh water pearls - Google Patents
Innoxious culturing method for fresh water pearls Download PDFInfo
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- CN101642068A CN101642068A CN200910044218A CN200910044218A CN101642068A CN 101642068 A CN101642068 A CN 101642068A CN 200910044218 A CN200910044218 A CN 200910044218A CN 200910044218 A CN200910044218 A CN 200910044218A CN 101642068 A CN101642068 A CN 101642068A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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Abstract
The invention relates to an innoxious culturing method for fresh water pearls, which comprises the following steps: requiring the water quality and selecting the water surface, arranging an ecologicalbuffer area, controlling the hanging culture quantity and the hanging culture mode to be adopted, poly-culturing fish fries, dropping the bait and the fertilizer, and the like. The method overcomes the defect that the current pearl culture requires excessive quantities of the fertilizer and the bait to cause the water quality pollution and destroy the water body. The method forms a biological chain, and unionids and water plants can respectively take the own needs so as to change waste materials into raw materials. The method purifies the water body, saves the cost, cultures the fish to further save the cost, creates the economic benefit for pearl peasants and enables the water body discharged after culture to reach the standard of Class 3 water.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to method for breeding freshwater pearls, specifically is a kind of innoxious culturing method for fresh water pearls.
Background technology
At present, people generally believe that water quality has been polluted in pearl culture, because during cultivation, Xiang Shuizhong throws in fertilizer, bait is excessive, causes water pollution, destroyed water body, a lot of local relevant policies are suppressed and are reduced cultured area, even propose to fade out this industrial field.In fact not only do not destroy water quality in the situation of cultured pearl appropriateness, and the effect of purifying water body is arranged.Because, the carrier of pearl---bivalves, be planktonic organism, chip in the water body as food, namely planktonic organism is to rely on N, P etc. in the water body as nutriment.One of existing a lot of local biotic populations that it are used as the removing organic contamination, and obtain effect.This invention is intended to propose a kind of new cultural method, effectively solve the contradiction of pearl culture and water environment ecological protection.
Summary of the invention
At above problem, the invention provides and a kind ofly have not only energy-saving and emission-reduction, but also keep the good situation of water ecology, make method---the innoxious culturing method for fresh water pearls of the orderly sustainable development of fresh water pearl industry.
Technology of the present invention is by following scheme implementation:
(1) water quality requirement and the water surface are selected: the breeding water water body can be or not have eutrophication but must not have the water body of other pollution, and promptly water inlet can be the water body of eutrophication water quality, and the water surface area of selection is at 0.6～1000hm
2, the waters of the depth of water 1.5～5m;
(2) ecological buffering area is set: 10～30% water bodys that block out total water surface in the delivery port direction with net are as the ecological buffering area of water environment, planting aquatic plants and put filter-feeding fish in a suitable place to breed, and water plant density is 1～9kg/m
2, filter-feeding fish breeding density is 0.1～1kg/m
2
(3) control hanging culture amount and the hanging culture mode taked: the hanging culture amount is not higher than 1000/667m 1 age
2Be not higher than 800/667m 2 ages
2Be not higher than 600/667m 3 ages
2Be not higher than 400/667m 4 ages
2Be not higher than 300/667m 5 ages
2The hanging culture mode: the piling backguy is vertical with delivery port, hangs the freshwater mussel beach wormwood and becomes quincunx, and the hanging culture degree of depth is 0.5～1.0m;
(4) fingerling overlaps the input of supporting with bait fertilizer: 1. the cover of fish is supported: the kind of overlapping the class of breeding fish is fish such as silver carp, bream, crucian carp, carp, grass carp, and specification 0.1～1kg/ tail, stocking rate are 20～50kg/667m
2, but the ratio of silver carp is 5～10% of the total input amount of fingerling; Simultaneously, increase putting in a suitable place to breed of erythroculter ilishaeformis fingerling, its stocking rate is that specification is erythroculter ilishaeformis 5～10 tails/667m of 12～20cm
2, be used to remove wild fishes; 2. throw fertile total amount: by how many definite total input amounts of hanging the amount of supporting and fingerling stocking amount, annual total input amount, its weight ratio, freshwater mussel: N: P=100: 2～10: 0.3～1.5; 3. throw the fertile time and divide moon input amount: drop into 4～October in season of growth of pearl oyster, and the ratio of input is April 3～5%, May 8～12%, June 10～18%, July 15～17%, August 30～20%, September 30～20%, October 4～8%; 4. throwing something and feeding of fish meal: feeding volume is by 2～5% of food property fish weight, and is of fixed place and time, throws something and feeds for 2～3 times every day; 5. fertilizer and quality of the fodder require: the fertilizer of input and feed are non-harmful common fertilizer and feed;
(5) keeping pearl oyster breeding water body transparency is 35～60cm, pH value 7.5～9.5, and dissolved oxygen amount is more than 5～12mg/L;
(6) drop into beneficial microbe in May, July, September of water pearl culture, consumption was 10～15g/m with 1～2 time in every month
3
(7) in water pearl culture 4～October in every year, sprinkle on the bank around the water surface with quick lime in per 1～2 month, by every 667m
2With 1～5kg quick lime, reach the purpose of sterilization and regulating water quality.
The water quality requirement and the water surface are selected, and culture the area in pond and select to be preferably: area 1～100hm
2, the depth of water 2～3m.
Described planting aquatic plants is aquatic economic plants or submerged plant, and aquatic economic plants can be lotus rhizome, Gorgon fruit, and submerged plant is eel grass, according to green alga, horse Lay pondweed; Filter-feeding fish is silver carp and bighead.
Described beneficial microbe can be photosynthetic bacteria, hay bacillus.
The present invention has following advantage: innoxious culturing method for fresh water pearls of the present invention has formed a kind of biological chain, and each takes what he needs for pearl oyster, water plants, becomes the useless raw material that is, both purify water body, saved cost again, also put fish in a suitable place to breed, further save cost, created economic benefit for the pearl farming.Reached the effect of energy-saving and emission-reduction and made the standard that the water body of discharging the back reaches three class water of culturing.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
(1) water quality requirement and the water surface are selected: the breeding water water body can be or not have eutrophication but must not have the water body of other pollution (as pollutions such as heavy metal, nonmetal, agricultural chemicals), and promptly water inlet can be the water body of eutrophication water quality, selects area 1hm
2, the waters of depth of water 2m;
(2) ecological buffering area is set: block out 10% water body of total water surface with net in the delivery port direction as the ecological buffering area of water environment, planting aquatic plants and put filter-feeding fish in a suitable place to breed, such as lotus rhizome, Gorgon fruit, eel grass, according to green alga, horse Lay bog pondweed, silver carp and bighead, water plant density is 8kg/m
2, filter-feeding fish breeding density is 0.5kg/m
2
(3) hanging culture amount and hanging culture mode: hanging culture amount 500/667m in 1 age
22 ages 600/667m
23 ages 400/667m
24 ages 300/667m
25 ages 200/667m
2The hanging culture mode: the piling backguy is vertical with delivery port, hangs the freshwater mussel beach wormwood and becomes quincunx, and the hanging culture degree of depth is 0.5～1.0m;
(4) fingerling overlaps the input of supporting with bait fertilizer: 1. the cover of fish is supported: the kind of overlapping the class of breeding fish is fish such as silver carp, bream, crucian carp, carp, grass carp, and specification 0.1kg/ tail, stocking rate are 50kg/667m
2, the ratio of silver carp is 5% of the total input amount of fingerling; Simultaneously, increase putting in a suitable place to breed of erythroculter ilishaeformis fingerling, its stocking rate is that specification is erythroculter ilishaeformis 5 tails/667m of 12cm
2, be used to remove wild fishes; 2. throw fertile total amount: what that hang amount of supporting and fingerling stocking amount to determine total input amounts by, annual total input amount, with 4 age freshwater mussel be example: its weight ratio, press freshwater mussel: N: P=100: 2: 0.3, as every 667m
2Hang support 4 age freshwater mussel 500kg, during about 300 freshwater mussel, every 667m
2The otal investment of nitrogenous fertilizer is the N content (%) of nitrogenous fertilizer (kg)=500kg * 2/100 * nitrogenous fertilizer, the P content (%) of phosphate fertilizer (kg)=500kg * 0.3/100 * phosphate fertilizer is promptly as with nitrogenous 25% nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphorous 18% phosphate fertilizer, then getting this kind nitrogenous fertilizer total amount is 40kg, and the phosphate fertilizer total amount is 8.3kg; 3. throw the fertile time and divide moon input amount: above-mentioned fertilizer total amount, press 4～October of season of growth of pearl oyster in proportion: April 4%, May 9%, June 15%, July 16%, August 25%, September 26%, October 5%.4. throwing something and feeding of fish meal: the feeding volume of every day is by 2～5% of food property fish weight, i.e. 50kg/667m
2During the fish amount, the throwing feed is 1～2.5kg, and is of fixed place and time, divides every day and throws something and feeds for 2～3 times; 5. fertilizer and quality of the fodder require: the fertilizer of input and feed are non-harmful common fertilizer and feed;
(5) keeping pearl oyster breeding water body transparency is 50cm, pH value 7.5～8, and dissolved oxygen amount is 8mg/L;
(6) drop into beneficial microbe in May, July, September of water pearl culture, such as photosynthetic bacteria, hay bacillus etc., consumption was 10g/m with 1 time in every month
3
(7) in water pearl culture 4～October in every year, sprinkle on the bank around the water surface with quick lime in per 2 months, by every 667m
2Use 1kg quick lime, reach the purpose of sterilization and regulating water quality;
Embodiment 2
(1) water quality requirement and the water surface are selected: the breeding water water body can be or not have eutrophication but must not have the water body of other pollution (as pollutions such as heavy metal, nonmetal, agricultural chemicals), and promptly water inlet can be the water body of eutrophication water quality, selects area 100hm
2, the waters of the depth of water 2～3m;
(2) ecological buffering area is set: block out 25% water body of total water surface with net in the delivery port direction as the ecological buffering area of water environment, planting aquatic plants and put filter-feeding fish in a suitable place to breed, be lotus rhizome, Gorgon fruit such as water plant, submerged plant is eel grass, according to green alga, horse Lay bog pondweed, fish are silver carp, bighead, and water plant density is 1kg/m
2, filter-feeding fish breeding density is 0.2kg/m
2
(3) hanging culture amount and hanging culture mode: hanging culture amount 800/667m in 1 age
22 ages 600/667m
23 ages 400/667m
24 ages 350/667m
25 ages 250/667m
2The hanging culture mode: the piling backguy is vertical with delivery port, hangs the freshwater mussel beach wormwood and becomes quincunx, and the hanging culture degree of depth is 0.5～1.0m;
(4) fingerling overlaps the input of supporting with bait fertilizer: 1. the cover of fish is supported: the kind of overlapping the class of breeding fish is fish such as silver carp, bream, crucian carp, carp, grass carp, and specification 1kg/ tail, stocking rate are 20kg/667m
2, but the ratio of silver carp is 10% of the total input amount of fingerling; Simultaneously, increase putting in a suitable place to breed of erythroculter ilishaeformis fingerling, its stocking rate is that specification is erythroculter ilishaeformis 10 tails/667m of 20cm
2, be used to remove wild fishes; 2. throw fertile total amount: what that hang amount of supporting and fingerling stocking amount to determine total input amounts by, annual total input amount, with 2 age freshwater mussel be example: its weight ratio, press freshwater mussel: N: P=100: 10: 1.5, as every 667m
2Hang support 2 age freshwater mussel 400kg, during about 800 freshwater mussel, every 667m
2The otal investment of nitrogenous fertilizer is the N content (%) of nitrogenous fertilizer (kg)=400kg * 10/100 * nitrogenous fertilizer, the P content (%) of phosphate fertilizer (kg)=400kg * 1.5/100 * phosphate fertilizer, promptly as with nitrogenous 25% nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphorous 18% phosphate fertilizer, then getting this kind nitrogenous fertilizer total amount is 160kg, and the phosphate fertilizer total amount is 33.3kg; 3. throw the fertile time and divide moon input amount: above-mentioned fertilizer total amount, by 4～October of season of growth of pearl oyster in proportion: April 5%, May 8%, June 16%, July 15%, August 22%, September 28%, October 6% input.4. throwing something and feeding of fish meal: the feeding volume of every day is by 2～5% of food property fish weight, i.e. 20kg/667m
2During the fish amount, the throwing feed is 0.4～1kg, and is of fixed place and time, and every natural gift are thrown something and fed for 2～3 times; 5. fertilizer and quality of the fodder require: the fertilizer of input and feed are non-harmful common fertilizer and feed;
(5) keeping pearl oyster breeding water body transparency is 35～60cm, pH value 7.5～9.5, and dissolved oxygen amount is 10mg/L;
(6) drop into beneficial microbe in May, July, September of water pearl culture, such as photosynthetic bacteria, hay bacillus, consumption was 12g/m with 1.5 times in every month
3
(7) in water pearl culture 4～October in every year, sprinkle on the bank around the water surface with quick lime in per 1 month, by every 667m
2Use 5kg quick lime, reach the purpose of sterilization and regulating water quality.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of innoxious culturing method for fresh water pearls is characterized in that by following scheme implementation:
(1) water quality requirement and the water surface are selected: the breeding water water body can be or not have eutrophication but must not have the water body of other pollution, and promptly water inlet can be the water body of eutrophication water quality, and the water surface area of selection is at 0.6～1000hm
2, the waters of the depth of water 1.5～5m;
(2) ecological buffering area is set: 10～30% water bodys that block out total water surface in the delivery port direction with net are as the ecological buffering area of water environment, planting aquatic plants and put filter-feeding fish in a suitable place to breed, and water plant density is 1～9kg/m
2, filter-feeding fish breeding density is 0.1～1kg/m
2
(3) control hanging culture amount and the hanging culture mode taked: the hanging culture amount is not higher than 1000/667m 1 age
2Be not higher than 800/667m 2 ages
2Be not higher than 600/667m 3 ages
2Be not higher than 400/667m 4 ages
2Be not higher than 300/667m 5 ages
2The hanging culture mode: the piling backguy is vertical with delivery port, hangs the freshwater mussel beach wormwood and becomes quincunx, and the hanging culture degree of depth is 0.5～1.0m;
(4) fingerling overlaps the input of supporting with bait fertilizer: 1. the cover of fish is supported: the kind of overlapping the class of breeding fish is fish such as silver carp, bream, crucian carp, carp, grass carp, and specification 0.1～1kg/ tail, stocking rate are 20～50kg/667m
2, but the ratio of silver carp is 5～10% of the total input amount of fingerling; Simultaneously, increase putting in a suitable place to breed of erythroculter ilishaeformis fingerling, its stocking rate is that specification is erythroculter ilishaeformis 5～10 tails/667m of 12～20cm
2, be used to remove wild fishes; 2. throw fertile total amount: by how many definite total input amounts of hanging the amount of supporting and fingerling stocking amount, annual total input amount, its weight ratio, freshwater mussel: N: P=100: 2～10: 0.3～1.5; 3. throw the fertile time and divide moon input amount: drop into 4～October in season of growth of pearl oyster, and the ratio of input is April 3～5%, May 8～12%, June 10～18%, July 15～17%, August 30～20%, September 30～20%, October 4～8%; 4. throwing something and feeding of fish meal: feeding volume is by 2～5% of food property fish weight, and is of fixed place and time, throws something and feeds for 2～3 times every day; 5. fertilizer and quality of the fodder require: the fertilizer of input and feed are non-harmful common fertilizer and feed;
(5) keeping pearl oyster breeding water body transparency is 35～60cm, pH value 7.5～9.5, and dissolved oxygen amount is 5～12mg/L;
(6) drop into beneficial microbe in May, July, September of water pearl culture, consumption was 10～15g/m with 1～2 time in every month
3
(7) in water pearl culture 4～October in every year, dial with quicklime bank around the water surface in per 1～2 month and spill, with 1～5kg quicklime, reach the purpose of sterilization and adjusting water quality by every 667m2.
2, a kind of innoxious culturing method for fresh water pearls according to claim 1 is characterized in that: during described step (1) water quality requirement and the water surface were selected, the area of culturing the pond was chosen as: area 1～100hm
2, the depth of water 2～3m.
3, a kind of innoxious culturing method for fresh water pearls according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step (2) is provided with in the ecological buffering area, planting aquatic plants can be aquatic economic plants or submerged plant, aquatic economic plants can be lotus rhizome, Gorgon fruit, and submerged plant is eel grass, according to green alga, horse Lay pondweed; Filter-feeding fish is silver carp and bighead.
4, the described a kind of innoxious culturing method for fresh water pearls of claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described step (6), beneficial microbe can be photosynthetic bacteria, hay bacillus.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102144585A (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2011-08-10 | 湖州师范学院 | Mixed culture method of hyriopsis schlegeli and bulk freshwater fishes |
| CN102265794A (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2011-12-07 | 大通湖天泓渔业股份有限公司 | Method for hybridly cultivating mother of pearl and soft-shelled turtle |
| CN102265795A (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2011-12-07 | 大通湖天泓渔业股份有限公司 | Pearl cultivation method |
| CN102283142A (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2011-12-21 | 大通湖天泓渔业股份有限公司 | Low-carbon cycle fishery production method |
| CN102349461A (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2012-02-15 | 上海海洋大学 | Tidal river sewage treatment and aquiculture integrated system |
| CN103181344A (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2013-07-03 | 浙江农林大学 | Pearl culturing method |
| CN104256154A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-01-07 | 浙江科技学院 | Pearl oyster baits, preparation method and feeding method |
| CN104969889A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-10-14 | 郑波明 | Pearl cultivating method |
| CN105638521A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-06-08 | 湖南农业大学 | Culture method for effectively reducing heavy metal cadmium content in cultured fish bodies |
| CN110269017A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-09-24 | 湖南文理学院 | A kind of innoxious culturing method for fresh water pearls |
| CN112537880A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-23 | 安徽大学 | Method for purifying micro-polluted water body by intelligently culturing pearl mussel and cooperatively purifying micro-organisms |
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| CN101019513A (en) * | 2006-09-01 | 2007-08-22 | 湖南文理学院 | Cultivation process of large no-kernel high quality pearl |
| CN100418411C (en) * | 2007-03-22 | 2008-09-17 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | Pool culturing composite system with water-saving and safety function |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102144585A (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2011-08-10 | 湖州师范学院 | Mixed culture method of hyriopsis schlegeli and bulk freshwater fishes |
| CN102144585B (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2013-06-05 | 湖州师范学院 | Mixed culture method of hyriopsis schlegeli and bulk freshwater fishes |
| CN102265794A (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2011-12-07 | 大通湖天泓渔业股份有限公司 | Method for hybridly cultivating mother of pearl and soft-shelled turtle |
| CN102265795A (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2011-12-07 | 大通湖天泓渔业股份有限公司 | Pearl cultivation method |
| CN102283142A (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2011-12-21 | 大通湖天泓渔业股份有限公司 | Low-carbon cycle fishery production method |
| CN102283142B (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2013-03-13 | 大通湖天泓渔业股份有限公司 | Low-carbon cycle fishery production method |
| CN102349461A (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2012-02-15 | 上海海洋大学 | Tidal river sewage treatment and aquiculture integrated system |
| CN103181344B (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2014-12-10 | 浙江农林大学 | Pearl culturing method |
| CN103181344A (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2013-07-03 | 浙江农林大学 | Pearl culturing method |
| CN104256154A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-01-07 | 浙江科技学院 | Pearl oyster baits, preparation method and feeding method |
| CN104969889A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-10-14 | 郑波明 | Pearl cultivating method |
| CN105638521A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-06-08 | 湖南农业大学 | Culture method for effectively reducing heavy metal cadmium content in cultured fish bodies |
| CN105638521B (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2017-05-03 | 湖南农业大学 | Culture method for effectively reducing heavy metal cadmium content in cultured fish bodies |
| CN110269017A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-09-24 | 湖南文理学院 | A kind of innoxious culturing method for fresh water pearls |
| CN110269017B (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2021-08-20 | 湖南文理学院 | Harmless freshwater pearl culture method |
| CN112537880A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-23 | 安徽大学 | Method for purifying micro-polluted water body by intelligently culturing pearl mussel and cooperatively purifying micro-organisms |
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|---|---|
| CN101642068B (en) | 2011-10-05 |
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Effective date of registration: 20160926 Address after: 415000 Changde City, Hunan province Wuling District No. 348 Hongxin Taolin twentieth storey commercial building Patentee after: HUNAN DONGTING WATER YIELD PEARL CO., LTD. Patentee after: Yang Pinhong Address before: The Western Avenue 415000 Changde city of Hunan province Wuling District No. 388 Patentee before: Dahu Aquaculture Co., Ltd. Patentee before: Yang Pinhong |
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Address after: 415000 Hunan Changde Wuling District North Office, Jianmin Lane Community Building No. 348 East Road Co-patentee after: Yang Pinhong Patentee after: Hunan Da Hu Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Address before: 415000 Hongxin business building twentieth, 348 East Jianhe Road, Wuling District, Changde, Hunan. Co-patentee before: Yang Pinhong Patentee before: HUNAN DONGTING WATER YIELD PEARL CO., LTD. |