CN101634304A - Constant-pressure fluid control method - Google Patents
Constant-pressure fluid control method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101634304A CN101634304A CN200810134542A CN200810134542A CN101634304A CN 101634304 A CN101634304 A CN 101634304A CN 200810134542 A CN200810134542 A CN 200810134542A CN 200810134542 A CN200810134542 A CN 200810134542A CN 101634304 A CN101634304 A CN 101634304A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- constant
- control method
- fluid control
- value
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a constant-pressure fluid control method. A built-in controller is integrated in a frequency converter to control a rotation speed of a pump so as to achieve a constant-pressure control. The method comprises the following steps of: measuring a pressure feedback value of an output flow of the pump and comparing the pressure feedback value with a pressure target value so as to generate an pressure error value; and judging an exception handling state, a speed-reduction halt await state and a speed-acceleration state according to the pressure error value so as to keep a stable water pressure for a system and realize water supply under a constant pressure. The method can realize a plurality of functions such as halting to wait on order and delaying to restart after halt, can avoid frequent starting and stopping of a frequency converter, and also has the functions of saving energy, reducing cost and prolonging the service life of the pump besides a function of supplying water under a constant pressure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of constant-pressure fluid control method.
Background technique
At present the main demand of constant pressure water supply system is on the market: comprise how making that pressure remains on setting value, deferred restart behind detect when when shutting down detections, water, leak detection and the cancel closedown.Therefore, use the pressure in the nonshared control unit signal piping mostly, make the pressure oscillation situation of system, adjust the rotating speed that this frequency variator output frequency is controlled this pump, to realize constant pressure water supply according to user's water consumption.
See also Fig. 1, be the skeleton diagram of known constant pressure water supply system.This constant pressure water supply system comprises pump 10A, pressure meter 12A, controller 14A, reaches frequency variator 16A.Wherein, this pump 10A exports pipeline supply use in order to extract external water source.This pressure meter 12A is in order to measuring the hydraulic pressure value of this pump 10A output water yield, and to change this hydraulic pressure value be the hydraulic pressure feedback signal.This controller 14A receives the row operation of going forward side by side of this hydraulic pressure feedback signal and handles, and to adjust the output frequency of this frequency variator 16A, reaches the purpose of constant pressure water supply with the rotating speed of controlling this pump 10A.
In addition, this controller 14A can be various ways, and wherein majority still adopts proportional-integral-differential (PID) controller in the use.To have a cost low because of it, and control performance is better, and it is few to adjust parameter, and the advantage of good interference-resistance so the PID controller is widely used in industrial control field, especially is most widely used in the definite value control of temperature, pressure, flow.
But in known constant pressure water supply system control, this controller 14A is connected on outward between this pressure meter 12A and the frequency variator 16A.Like this,, the difficulty more consuming time except integrating and setting up, also must the costs that increase this controller 14A more.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of constant-pressure fluid control method, can constant pressure water supply, save energy, reduce cost and prolong working life of pump.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of constant-pressure fluid control method, utilize the rotating speed of Frequency Converter Control pump, its step comprises: the force value of measuring this POF, and to change this force value be the pressure feedback value, and this pressure feedback value and pressure target value compared, to produce pressure error value; Then, judge according to this pressure error value, if the exception configuration state is then disposed unusually; Shut down armed state if slow down, then slow down and shut down the disposal of awaiting orders; If the accelerated service state then starts this frequency variator running; So that system keeps stable hydraulic pressure, realize constant pressure water supply.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions; constant-pressure fluid control method of the present invention; bist controller is incorporated in the frequency variator; so that the different system status detection to be provided; await orders and shut down multinomial function such as back deferred restart and realize to shut down; and can avoid the frequent start-stop of frequency variator, except having the constant pressure water supply function, also can save energy, reduce cost and prolong the working life of pump like this.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the skeleton diagram of known constant pressure water supply system;
Fig. 2 is the skeleton diagram of preferred embodiment constant-pressure fluid control system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of constant-pressure fluid control method of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the unusual action timing diagram of disposing of constant-pressure fluid control method of the present invention;
Fig. 5 keeps shutting down the action timing diagram of disposing for constant-pressure fluid control method constant voltage of the present invention;
The action timing diagram that Fig. 6 disposes for constant-pressure fluid control method trace of the present invention decompression.
Description of reference numerals
Pressure feedback value Pf exception offset residual quantity Δ Pe
The trace decompression departure Δ Ps departure Δ Pm that reduces pressure in a large number
The first operating point A1, B1, the C1 second operating point A2, B2, C2
The 3rd operating point A3, B3, C3 dispose Te detection time unusually
Restart Td Tm detection time that reduces pressure in a large number retard time
Step S100, S102 step S200, S202
Step S300, S302 step S400, S402
Embodiment
Reach technology, means and the effect that predetermined purpose is taked in order further to understand the present invention, see also following about detailed description of the present invention and accompanying drawing.Believe purpose of the present invention, feature and characteristics, when can obtaining thus deeply and concrete understanding, yet appended accompanying drawing only provide with reference to and explanation usefulness, be not to be used for the present invention is limited.
Relevant technology contents of the present invention and detailed description, conjunction with figs. is described as follows.
See also Fig. 2, be the skeleton diagram of preferred embodiment constant-pressure fluid control system of the present invention.Fluid among the present invention can comprise liquid (also promptly comprising water) or gas, in illustrated embodiment, illustrates as fluid with water.This constant pressure water supply system comprises pump 10, pressure measurement cell 12, frequency variator 14.Wherein, this frequency variator 14 comprises controller 142 and driver element 144, and this controller 142 can be the PID controller.This pressure measurement cell 12 is in order to measuring the water flow pressure in the pipeline, and to change this water flow pressure be pressure feedback value Pf, and feeds back to the PID controller 142 of this frequency variator 14.And the user is setting pressure desired value Pt according to demand, and with this pressure feedback value Pf comparison operation, to produce pressure error value.Promptly this pressure error value deducts this pressure feedback value Pf for this pressure target value Pt.Then, this pressure error value is sent to this PID controller 142, utilize this PID controller 142 ratio, integration, differentiate, calculate the FREQUENCY CONTROL amount to control this driver element 144, to adjust the output frequency of this frequency variator 14, further control the rotating speed of this pump 10 and realize the purpose of constant voltage control.Wherein, this PID controller 142 is integrated within this frequency variator 14, directly this pressure feedback value Pf is sent in this frequency variator 14 and does computing.
See also Fig. 3, be the flow chart of constant-pressure fluid control method of the present invention.Pressure measurement cell is measured the water flow pressure in the pipeline, and to change this water flow pressure be pressure feedback value Pf (step S100).Compare according to this pressure feedback value Pf and pressure target value Pt, to produce pressure error value DP (step S102).Then, judge whether to be exception configuration state (step S200) according to this pressure error value DP, that is,, then dispose (step S202) unusually if this pressure error value DP surpasses unusual Te detection time that disposes more than or equal to exception offset residual quantity Δ Pe (DP 〉=Δ Pe) and endurance.This exception is changed to and stops this frequency variator output, this pump is decelerated to shuts down.Then, through after restarting Td retard time, restart this frequency variator and control this pump running.If not exception configuration state; then judge whether to be the shutdown armed state (step S300) of slowing down; promptly; if this pressure error value DP is less than or equal to a large amount of decompression departure Δ Pm (DP≤Δ Pm) and the endurance surpasses a large amount of decompression Tm detection time, then slows down and shut down the disposal (step S302) of awaiting orders.This deceleration is shut down to await orders and is disposed to stopping this frequency variator output, this pump is decelerated to shuts down.Shut down armed state if not slow down, then re-execute step S100.Then, judge whether to be accelerated service state (step S400), that is, if this pressure error value DP more than or equal to trace decompression departure Δ Ps (DP 〉=Δ Ps) or unit time internal pressure variable quantity greater than critical setting value, then start this frequency variator running (step S402).If not the accelerated service state then re-executes step S100.
See also Fig. 4, be the unusual action timing diagram of disposing of constant-pressure fluid control method of the present invention.When this pressure feedback value Pf that this pressure measurement cell produced and this pressure target value Pt gap during greater than exception offset residual quantity Δ Pe (Pt-Pf＞Δ Pe), then enter the first operating point A1.In after this first operating point A1, disposing during Te detection time unusually, maybe can't dwindle, then enter the second operating point A2, carry out this unusual disposal if this departure continues increase.This exception is changed to and stops this frequency variator output, this pump is decelerated to shuts down.When arriving during Td retard time is restarted in wait after this second operating point A2, then enter the 3rd operating point A3, restart this frequency variator output, make this pump begin accelerated service.And detect departure simultaneously and whether dwindle gradually,, then finish hydraulic pressure and set up, and this pump continuous running is consistent with this pressure target value Pt up to this pressure feedback value Pf, then finish normal constant pressure water supply action if like this; But maybe can't dwindle if this departure continues increase, then repeat the action of this second operating point A2, stop this frequency variator output, this pump is decelerated to shut down.Should unusual dispose detection time Te and this restart retard time Td and can be set at several minutes to tens of minutes, according to user's actual demand setting.Therefore; this cancel closedown is disposed action; can make behind cancel closedown; when recovering when supplying water, system can start running voluntarily and supply water, or if hydraulic pressure can't be finished when setting up; stop this frequency variator output; this pump is shut down, and the pump continuous running causes continuing power consumption when avoiding cutting off the water, and can prevent that also pump from causing overheated burning because of continuing spinning.
See also Fig. 5, for constant-pressure fluid control method constant voltage of the present invention keeps shutting down the action timing diagram of disposing.When this pressure feedback value Pf that this pressure measurement cell produced does not reach this pressure target value Pt, promptly this pressure target value Pt and this pressure feedback value Pf difference is greater than a large amount of decompression departure Δ Pm (Pt-Pf＞Δ Pm), this frequency variator is according to PID controller result of calculation, adjust its output frequency, increase to control this revolution speed.When this pressure feedback value Pf and this pressure target value Pt gap during less than a large amount of decompression departure Δ Pm of this setting; then enter the first operating point C1; after this first operating point C1 during a large amount of decompression Tm detection time in; if this pressure feedback value Pf and this pressure target value Pt gap continue to keep when reducing pressure departure Δ Pm in a large number; then enter the second operating point C2; the frequency variator parking that promptly reduces speed now; making this frequency variator output frequency is zero; and this pump is decelerated to shut down, enter to shut down and await orders.If during this frequency variator ramp to stop, pressure feedback value Pf and pressure target value Pt gap still keep representing unmanned water when reducing pressure departure Δ Pm in a large number, make pressure to remain in the setting range.When if this pressure feedback value Pf and this pressure target value Pt gap reduce pressure departure Δ Pm in a large number greater than this fast, be that this pressure feedback value Pf variable quantity is big in the unit time, then look this moment and use water state in a large number for the user, then enter the 3rd operating point C3, restart this frequency variator, control this pump running, to keep constant hydraulic pressure.Similarly; in after the 3rd operating point C3, being somebody's turn to do during a large amount of decompression Tm detection time; if this pressure feedback value Pf and this pressure target value Pt gap continue to keep when reducing pressure departure Δ Pm in a large number; then reenter this second operating point C2; enter again to shut down and await orders; and make system keep stable hydraulic pressure, realize constant pressure water supply.
See also Fig. 6, be the action timing diagram of constant-pressure fluid control method trace decompression disposal of the present invention.When this pressure feedback value Pf that this pressure measurement cell produced does not reach this pressure target value Pt, promptly this pressure target value Pt and this pressure feedback value Pf difference is greater than a large amount of decompression departure Δ Pm (Pt-Pf＞Δ Pm), this frequency variator is according to PID controller result of calculation, adjust its output frequency, increase to control this revolution speed.When this pressure feedback value Pf and this pressure target value Pt gap during less than a large amount of decompression departure Δ Pm of this setting; then enter the first operating point B1; after this first operating point B1 during a large amount of decompression Tm detection time in; if this pressure feedback value Pf and this pressure target value Pt gap continue to keep when reducing pressure departure Δ Pm in a large number; then enter the second operating point B2; the frequency variator parking that promptly reduces speed now; making this frequency variator output frequency is zero; and this pump is decelerated to shut down, enter to shut down and await orders.If during this frequency variator ramp to stop, pressure feedback value Pf and pressure target value Pt gap still keep then representing unmanned water when reducing pressure departure Δ Pm in a large number, make pressure to remain in the setting range.When system when constant voltage keep to be shut down the state of awaiting orders; this pressure feedback value Pf reduces fast; be that this pressure feedback value Pf variable quantity is big in the unit time; then look this moment and use water state in a large number for the user; so this frequency variator accelerated service of system restart; shown in the 3rd operating point C3 action of Fig. 5, do not repeat them here.But if to reduce degree slow as this pressure feedback value Pf, promptly in the unit time this pressure feedback value Pf variable quantity less than the trace critical value that reduces pressure, then look this moment for the user on a small quantity with water state or be the state that leaks unusually.In the case; when even this pressure feedback value Pf and this pressure target value Pt gap reduce pressure departure Δ Pm in a large number greater than this; system still maintains the state of awaiting orders of shutting down; increase gradually up to this pressure feedback value Pf and this pressure target value Pt gap; so that during greater than trace decompression departure Δ Ps (Pt-Pf＞Δ Ps), then enter the 3rd operating point B3, promptly restart this frequency variator output; make this pump begin accelerated service, to keep the constant of hydraulic pressure.Like this, the frequent start-stop of this frequency variator can be avoided, the working life of this pump can be saved energy, reduce cost and prolong.Similarly; in after the 3rd operating point B3, being somebody's turn to do during a large amount of decompression Tm detection time; if this pressure feedback value Pf and this pressure target value Pt gap continue to keep when reducing pressure departure Δ Pm in a large number; then reenter this second operating point B2; enter again to shut down and await orders; and make system keep stable hydraulic pressure, realize constant pressure water supply.
In sum; the present invention includes following advantage: possess the different system state is arranged the detection of (exception configuration state, slow down and shut down armed state and accelerated service state); realize to shut down and to await orders and shut down multinomial function such as back deferred restart; and can avoid the frequent start-stop of frequency variator; except the constant pressure water supply function, also can save energy, reduce cost and prolong the working life of pump like this.
The above only is the detailed description of preferred embodiment of the present invention and accompanying drawing, but feature of the present invention is not limited thereto, and is not in order to restriction the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims, and all embodiments who meets the spirit variation similar with it of claims of the present invention all should be contained in protection scope of the present invention.Anyly be familiar with this skill person in the field of the invention, can think easily and variation or modify all can be encompassed in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of constant-pressure fluid control method utilizes the rotating speed of Frequency Converter Control pump, it is characterized in that its step comprises:
(a) measure the force value of this POF, and to change this force value be the pressure feedback value;
(b) relatively this pressure feedback value and pressure target value are to produce pressure error value;
(c) judge according to this pressure error value, if the exception configuration state is then disposed unusually;
(d) judge according to this pressure error value, shut down armed state, then slow down and shut down the disposal of awaiting orders if slow down; And
(e) judge according to this pressure error value, if the accelerated service state then starts this frequency variator running.
2, constant-pressure fluid control method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described fluid is gas or liquid.
3, constant-pressure fluid control method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described liquid is water.
4, constant-pressure fluid control method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in described step (a), utilizes pressure measurement cell to measure.
5, constant-pressure fluid control method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in described step (e), the controller that is built in described frequency variator in the utilization is controlled described frequency variator action.
6, constant-pressure fluid control method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described controller is a proportional-integral derivative controller.
7, constant-pressure fluid control method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, if described pressure error value more than or equal to exception offset residual quantity, then is judged as described exception configuration state.
8, constant-pressure fluid control method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, if described pressure error value is less than or equal to a large amount of decompression departures, then is judged as described deceleration and shuts down armed state.
9, constant-pressure fluid control method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, if described pressure error value then is judged as described accelerated service state more than or equal to the trace departure that reduces pressure.
10, constant-pressure fluid control method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, if described pressure feedback value variable quantity in the unit time then is judged as described accelerated service state greater than critical setting value.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101345422A CN101634304B (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2008-07-25 | Constant-pressure fluid control method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101345422A CN101634304B (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2008-07-25 | Constant-pressure fluid control method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101634304A true CN101634304A (en) | 2010-01-27 |
| CN101634304B CN101634304B (en) | 2011-12-07 |
Family
ID=41593601
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101345422A Active CN101634304B (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2008-07-25 | Constant-pressure fluid control method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101634304B (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103412581A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2013-11-27 | 刘文江 | Constant pressure water supply control method based on proportion pressure mode |
| CN106499009A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-03-15 | 常熟开关制造有限公司(原常熟开关厂） | A kind of intelligent water supply device and method |
| CN106593843A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-04-26 | 三禾电器(福建)有限公司 | Constant-pressure automatic operation control method for variable speed electric pump |
| CN106997212A (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2017-08-01 | 黄锡民 | A kind of fluid pressure, constant pressure conveying, flow, the control method of constant flow and fluid pressure, the measuring method of flow |
| CN107255071A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-10-17 | 上海星融汽车科技有限公司 | It is pumped control method and its control system |
| CN108839377A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-11-20 | 浙江迦南科技股份有限公司 | Dry granulating machine tableting pressure control system and method |
| CN113775579A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-12-10 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Propulsion oil cylinder control system and method, hydraulic propulsion control system and heading machine thereof |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH432080A (en) * | 1965-12-22 | 1967-03-15 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Resilient feedback regulator |
| DE69228410T2 (en) * | 1991-08-21 | 1999-07-08 | Smith & Nephew, Inc., Memphis, Tenn. | Liquid treatment system |
| CN2590052Y (en) * | 2002-12-26 | 2003-12-03 | 浙江海利电子科技发展股份有限公司 | Frequency-converter internally-arranged PID controller |
| CN1237282C (en) * | 2002-12-30 | 2006-01-18 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Feedback control method and device for air valume of fan-filter unit |
| CN201071520Y (en) * | 2007-04-11 | 2008-06-11 | 崔忠杰 | Non-air pollution limited-pressure water-taking and constant-pressure water-supplying device |
-
2008
- 2008-07-25 CN CN2008101345422A patent/CN101634304B/en active Active
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103412581A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2013-11-27 | 刘文江 | Constant pressure water supply control method based on proportion pressure mode |
| CN103412581B (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2015-10-21 | 山东交通学院 | Based on the constant pressure water supply control method of ratio pressure pattern |
| CN106499009A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-03-15 | 常熟开关制造有限公司(原常熟开关厂） | A kind of intelligent water supply device and method |
| CN106499009B (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2019-05-24 | 常熟开关制造有限公司(原常熟开关厂） | A kind of intelligent water supply device and method |
| CN106593843A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-04-26 | 三禾电器(福建)有限公司 | Constant-pressure automatic operation control method for variable speed electric pump |
| CN106593843B (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2018-07-17 | 三禾电器(福建)有限公司 | A kind of constant pressure automatic running control method of speed electrical pumps |
| CN106997212A (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2017-08-01 | 黄锡民 | A kind of fluid pressure, constant pressure conveying, flow, the control method of constant flow and fluid pressure, the measuring method of flow |
| CN107255071A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-10-17 | 上海星融汽车科技有限公司 | It is pumped control method and its control system |
| CN107255071B (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2019-03-01 | 上海星融汽车科技有限公司 | It is pumped control method and its control system |
| CN108839377A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-11-20 | 浙江迦南科技股份有限公司 | Dry granulating machine tableting pressure control system and method |
| CN113775579A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-12-10 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Propulsion oil cylinder control system and method, hydraulic propulsion control system and heading machine thereof |
| CN113775579B (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2024-06-25 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Thrust cylinder control system and method, hydraulic thrust control system and heading machine thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101634304B (en) | 2011-12-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101634304B (en) | Constant-pressure fluid control method | |
| WO2013078915A1 (en) | Power matching system for electronic control engine and variable capacity hydraulic pump and the method thereof | |
| CN101560971B (en) | Pump unit energy efficiency automatic control system and control method thereof | |
| CN100590307C (en) | Power controller and method for hydraulic power system | |
| CN101993006A (en) | Automobile crane and energy-saving control method and energy-saving control system thereof | |
| CN103370767A (en) | Method and apparatus for controlling a processing system | |
| CN106121984B (en) | The low stop frequency control method of water pump and water pump based on Pressure Switch Sensor | |
| WO2017054596A1 (en) | All-in-one machine for air compressor driving and intelligent energy conservation and method thereof | |
| CN105909506A (en) | Water pump control method based on pressure and flow switch sensors and control device | |
| CN106194779A (en) | Water pump control method based on pressure transducer and controller | |
| CN107289695A (en) | A kind of energy-saving control system of refrigeration compressor set | |
| CN101435977B (en) | Projector and overheating protection method thereof | |
| JP2014512627A (en) | Self-tuning device and self-tuning method of processing system | |
| CN204715464U (en) | Intelligent constant-voltage water management system | |
| US8135529B2 (en) | Method for controlling constant-pressure fluid | |
| AU2012247078A1 (en) | Control of a pump device | |
| WO2023138325A1 (en) | Cooling medium temperature regulation and control method, system and device for circulating cooling system | |
| KR20090035791A (en) | Zero-flow discrimination and control for the booster pump applied inverters | |
| CN106014657A (en) | Instantaneous rotation speed energy-saving control method for electronic control diesel engine of loading machine | |
| CN107642424A (en) | Electric injection system intake air temperature output device | |
| CN114278530B (en) | Water pump energy-saving control method of secondary water supply equipment | |
| CN105370547A (en) | Air compressor set with energy-saving device | |
| CN203906242U (en) | Intelligent circulation pump controller | |
| US10978724B2 (en) | Method and system for removing residual water in fuel cell stack | |
| CN100385116C (en) | Air compressor using variable frequency speed-pressure regulation |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |